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1.
气调和真空包装对腌制海鳗货架期的影响（英） 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
该文主要考察25℃下气调和真空包装对腌制海鳗货架期的影响。4个样品分别是M1：空气包装（对照）,M2：真空包装,M3：CO2/N2,40%/60%,M4：100%CO2,以挥发性盐基氮,三甲胺,pH值,硫代巴比妥酸值,菌落总数和感官为指标。结果表明,气调包装的货架期为20d,真空包装为19 d,对照为16 d。对照组细菌增加很快,而M4增加最慢。挥发性盐基氮和三甲胺都随着储存时间延长而增加,在气调包装下的感官质量明显好于对照组。气调和真空包装,特别是100%CO2包装是保藏腌制海鳗的最有效方法。 相似文献
2.
适宜气调包装延缓冷藏鲳鱼品质变化延长货架期(英文) 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
该文主要研究了不同气体比例组分的气调包装处理对冷藏鲳鱼贮藏期间品质变化及货架期的影响,从中找出能使鲳鱼冷藏货架期延长的适宜气体比例。将新鲜鲳鱼以冰藏方式快速运至实验室,将样品经去头、去尾、去内脏处理后,分别置于3种气体组分条件(MAP1:20%CO2/80%N2,MAP2:50%CO2/50%N2,MAP3:80%CO2/20%N2)的气调包装袋内冷藏(4±1)℃保鲜,以空气包装样品作为冷藏对照组(AIR),其中包装袋内的气体与样品体积比为3∶1,在12 d内隔天测定各组样品的感官指标、微生物指标(菌落总数)与化学指标(挥发性盐基氮值、K值、三甲胺值与p H值)变化。冷藏后的第4天,对照组与气调处理组的感官分值、菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮值与三甲胺值差异显著(P0.05),冷藏对照组样品的各项指标首先达到新鲜限值,其冷藏货架期仅为4-5d。经过气调处理后的鲳鱼样品,其菌落总数达到二级鲜度的速度明显缓于冷藏对照组,其他各项指标的变化也证实了气调包装的潜在优点。其中,80%CO2+20%N2处理组能明显延缓样品p H值、挥发性盐基氮值、菌落总数、三甲胺值与K值的升高(P0.05),较冷藏对照组相比,其冷藏货架期能延长6~8 d。同时,气调处理组贮藏期间的p H值未呈现先降后升的变化规律,表明p H值不适用于评价气调包装鲳鱼贮藏期间的品质变化。气调包装样品的菌落总数在贮藏前期略有下降,表明CO2对样品菌落总数的升高有较好的抑制作用。在CO2≤80%条件下,各项微生物与理化指标的测定结果显示出不同气体比例的气调包装处理对冷藏鲳鱼的保鲜效果,CO2浓度越高,其保鲜效果越显著,气调处理能使鲳鱼样品的冷藏保鲜期由4 d延长至6-12 d,其中80%CO2+20%N2的气调处理组对鲳鱼样品的冷藏货架期延长效果较佳。 相似文献
3.
为了延长带鱼冷藏货架期,以空气包装组为对照,在（4±1）℃冷藏条件下,采用复合生物保鲜剂涂膜及保鲜剂结合气调包装对带鱼进行保鲜试验。以感官评分、细菌总数、挥发性盐基氮值（total volatile base nitrogen,TVB-N）、pH值、硫代巴比妥酸值（the 2-thiobarbituric acid,TBA）和汁液流失率为指标,测定带鱼冷藏过程中的品质变化。结果表明：空气包装组带鱼冷藏货架期为4 d,复合生物保鲜剂（1.0%壳聚糖＋0.4%茶多酚）具有良好的抑菌保鲜作用,高浓度CO2气调包装带鱼汁液流失较为严重,生物保鲜剂结合60%CO2＋10%O2＋30%N2气调包装组保鲜效果最为显著,冷藏贮存20 d,带鱼的细菌总数为5.59 lg(cfu/g),TVB-N值为19.39 mg/100 g,仍处在带鱼二级鲜度之内,可将冷藏带鱼货架期延长至20d,是对照组的5倍,且能较好地维持新鲜带鱼感官品质,以期为带鱼的保鲜提供一定的参考。 相似文献
4.
超高压技术结合气调包装保持冷藏带鱼品质 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
为探讨超高压结合气调包装对4℃冷藏带鱼品质的影响,该试验以超高压(290 MPa,6 min)前处理后4℃真空冷藏为对照,超高压(290 MPa,6 min)分别结合不同比例的气调包装体积分数为(60%CO2+40%N2、60%CO2+7%O2+33%N2、60%CO2+15%O2+25%N2、50%CO2+15%O2+35%N2)处理鲜带鱼并放置4℃冷藏。贮藏期间,以冷藏带鱼的感官评定(sensory evaluation,SE)、菌落总数(total plant count,TPC)、挥发性盐基氮(total volatile basic nitrogen,TVB-N)、硫代巴比妥酸(thiobarbituric acid,TBA)、肌动球蛋白溶出量(actomyosin content,AM)、肌动球蛋白的总巯基含量(total sulfhydryls content,TSH)为测定指标,研究不同气调包装对冷藏带鱼的保鲜效果。结果表明:通过菌落总数与TVB-N综合判定货架期可知,超高压处理鲜带鱼后真空贮藏仅延长冷藏带鱼货架期至11 d,超高压处理后气调贮藏各组:60%CO2+40%N2气调包装组可延长货架期至16d,60%CO2+7%O2+33%N2气调包装组可延长货架期至19d,60%CO2+15%O2+25%N2与50%CO2+15%O2+35%N2气调包装组可延长货架期至21d,是对照组货架期近2倍,说明超高压结合气调包装能有效抑制细菌总数增长和TVB-N产生。气调包装会加速超高压后带鱼肌动球蛋白和肌动球蛋白中总巯基含量的降低,且气调贮藏中高比例的O2对超高压处理后冷藏带鱼的脂肪氧化也有明显促进作用。因此综合考虑,超高压处理后结合60%CO2+7%O2+33%N2的气调包装在显著延长货架期的同时,仍可较好地保持冷藏带鱼原有鲜度。研究结果为冷藏带鱼的保鲜研究提供一定的理论参考。 相似文献
5.
包装方式和材料对调理脆肉鲩鱼片冷藏过程品质的影响 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
为延缓脆肉鲩鱼片贮藏过程中腐败变质,并延长货架期。以紫苏叶水提物浸泡腌制的新鲜脆肉鲩鱼片为原料,研究包装方式和包装材料在4℃条件下对鱼片品质的影响。结果表明:气调包装鱼片菌落总数最少、普通包装菌落总数增长最快,气调包装样品冷藏15 d菌落总数平均为5.61 log[CFU/g],未超过水产品规定的货架期终点;冷藏末期气调包装样品汁液流失率、挥发性盐基氮(total volatile base-nitrogen,TVB-N)值和硫代巴比妥酸(thiobarbituric acid,TBA)值均低于真空包装和普通包装,其中PVC材料气调包装样品汁液流失率第15天达到5.07%,TVB-N值为13.91 mg/100 mg,低于国家规定的二级鲜度,TBA值比真空包装和普通包装分别低16.40%和46.46%。气调包装样品质构降低程度比其他组慢,其中,冷藏末期硬度较另外2组分别高出26.41%和27.08%;不同包装材料样品硬度、汁液流失率、TBA值、感官分值差异显著(P0.05),其中高阻隔性NY/EVOH/PET复合材料保鲜效果最好。综合各指标变化,气调包装和高阻隔性材更有利于调理脆肉鲩鱼片冷藏过程的品质保持。研究结果为调理脆肉鲩鱼片冷藏包装应用提供理论参考。 相似文献
6.
涂膜及气调保鲜对南美白对虾品质的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
为了改善南美白对虾黑变快、货架期短的情况,制备含黑变抑制组分（M）和1%壳聚糖（Chitosan）的复合保鲜剂,用其涂膜保鲜南美白对虾,采用高阻隔复合包装袋（K-PET/PE）,采用40%CO2/30%O2/30%N2（Ⅰ）和85%CO2/ 5%O2/10%N2（Ⅱ）2种气调包装,(4±1)℃冷藏,通过菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮、pH值、多酚氧化酶的活性和感官评定等指标评价不同保鲜工艺对南美白对虾的黑变抑制和防腐保鲜效果。通过正交试验获得的黑变抑制组分（M）最优组合为：0.01%4-己基间苯二酚+1.5%柠檬酸+1.0%抗坏血酸;组合（Chitosan+Ⅰ）、（Chitosan+M+Ⅰ）、（Chitosan+Ⅱ）、（Chitosan+M+Ⅱ）分别在第6天、第8天、第12天和第14天开始出现显著黑变;相比对照组,所有处理组在整个贮藏期内的菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮、pH值、多酚氧化酶的活性的增长速度均有所下降,组合（Chitosan+M+Ⅱ）保鲜效果最佳,使(4±1)℃条件下的货架期延长2倍多。涂膜保鲜剂结合气调包装(MAP)的处理方式是南美白对虾保鲜的有效手段,具有应用推广价值。 相似文献
7.
为探究气调包装协同低温等离子体处理对狮子头品质及货架期的影响,本研究设置对照组(普通彩袋包装)、气调包装组(40%CO2+60%N2)以及气调包装协同不同处理时间的低温等离子体组(MAP-3 min、MAP-6 min、MAP-9 min),通过菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)、硫代巴比妥酸反应物(TBARS)、感官评定及挥发性有机化合物等指标综合评价狮子头的贮藏品质。结果表明,气调包装协同低温等离子体处理使狮子头的初始微生物数量降低0.70~1.56 log CFU·g-1,能有效减缓狮子头贮藏过程中TVB-N值的增加及脂质氧化。经低温等离子体处理后的新鲜狮子头中庚醇、1-己醇、1-丙醇、2-癸酮及壬酸等挥发性有机化合物增加。2-己酮、2-丁酮、苯乙烯、2-甲基吡嗪及八甲基三硅氧烷等挥发性有机化合物可能是狮子头腐败气味的主要成分。与对照组及其他处理组相比,MAP-6 min和MAP-9 min处理均可将狮子头货架期延长7 d,MAP-6 min和MAP-9 min 2组狮子头在贮藏7 d后微生物及TVB-N、TBARS等品质指标无显著差异。综合各项指标及能源成本,40%CO2+60%N2气调包装协同低温等离子体处理6 min可以在显著抑制微生物生长的同时保持狮子头的品质,将产品货架期延长至14 d。本研究结果为中式调理类肉丸制品新型保鲜技术的发展提供了理论参考。 相似文献
8.
不同气调包装对冷藏鱼糜制品品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为分析不同气调包装对鱼糜制品冷藏过程中品质的影响,研究以鱼糜制品中的鱼丸为对象,通过测定其在 （0±0.5）℃冷藏过程中的菌落总数、理化和感官等指标的变化,评价气调包装的保鲜效果。气调包装条件分别为空气包装（对照）、低氧气调包装（60%CO2+10%O2+30%N2,均为体积分数,下同）、无氧气调包装（60%CO2+40%N2）、含保鲜剂的无氧气调包装（60%CO2+40%N2+保鲜剂）。结果表明,0℃下鱼丸在空气包装下贮藏32 d和低氧气调包装下贮藏42 d后菌落总数分达到8.7×104 cfu/g和8.5×104 cfu/g,超过规定的卫生标准;而无氧气调包装可使鱼丸的货架期达到47 d（菌落总数4.3×104 cfu/g）以上,含保鲜剂的无氧气调包装可使鱼丸货架期延长至52 d（菌落总数0.98×104 cfu/g）以上,并且能降低脂肪氧化程度;两组无氧气调包装样品在冷藏期间其pH值、TBA（硫代巴比妥酸）值和感官等指标都优于低氧气调包装和空气包装。无氧气调包装或结合生物保鲜剂包装能更好地延长冷藏鱼丸的货架期。 相似文献
9.
伽马辐照对冰藏大黄鱼品质和货架期的影响 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
为探索伽马辐照处理对冰藏鲜鱼的保鲜效果,试验分析了大黄鱼冰藏期间微生物、生化指标和感官指标的变化,探讨了低剂量辐照处理（1 kGy和2 kGy）对大黄鱼品质和货架期的影响。结果表明,辐照处理后大黄鱼的菌落总数、假单胞菌和产硫化氢细菌数量显著减少;在贮藏期间辐照处理的大黄鱼各种菌数量始终比对照组少;辐照处理可显著减缓大黄鱼挥发性盐基氮和三甲胺的增加;但会促进脂肪的氧化,2 kGy组大黄鱼在贮藏后期能闻到脂肪酸败的味道,而 1 kGy组和对照组大黄鱼始终没有闻到这种味道。辐照处理可增加大黄鱼的货架期,对照组货架期为17 d,而辐照剂量为1 kGy和2 kGy的货架期可延长至30 d和26 d。本试验为辐照商业化应用提供了技术依据。 相似文献
10.
低剂量辐照对淡腌大黄鱼贮藏的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探索伽马辐照对淡腌大黄鱼的保鲜效果,以感官、菌落总数(TVC)、总挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)和硫代巴比妥酸反应产物(TBARS)为指标,探讨1kGy低剂量辐照对常温(25℃)贮藏淡腌大黄鱼品质和货架期的影响。结果表明,低剂量辐照处理可延长淡腌大黄鱼的货架期,对照组货架期分别为9和11d,而试验组的货架期可分别延长至16和20d;辐照处理后淡腌大黄鱼的菌落总数显著减少,在贮藏期间试验组数量始终比对照组少;辐照处理可显著减缓淡腌大黄鱼挥发性盐基氮的增加;对脂肪氧化的影响较小。研究结果为海产品辐照商业化应用提供了技术依据。 相似文献
11.
Chen G Guttmann RP Xiong YL Webster CD Romaire RP 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(18):8658-8663
Protease activity during storage is thought to be an important contributor to decreased shelf life of fresh seafood. To examine this, three batches of red swamp crayfish ( Procambarus clarkii) tails, placed on trays, were packed with a polyvinyl chloride film (aerobic packaging or AP), under vacuum (vacuum packaging or VP), or under a modified atmosphere (MAP: 80% CO 2/10% O 2/10% N 2), and proteolytic activity was measured on days 0, 1, 3, 6, and 10 during storage at 2 degrees C. The crude extract from the crayfish digestive system (gut) did not have an apparent role in muscle proteolysis as negligible proteolytic activity was detected. However, the loss of calpastatin (the endogenous calpain inhibitor) was identified in MAP-stored muscle samples on day 10, suggestive of high m-calpain activity. Tail samples stored in AP showed no appreciable proteolysis, but those stored in MAP and VP showed significant decreases in the levels of 53, 66, 71, and 110 kDa polypeptides during storage. The observed proteolytic activity and myofibrillar protein degradation did not correspond to muscle textural properties as the MAP samples had an increased toughness ( P < 0.05) after storage for 10 days. These findings suggest that other physicochemical mechanisms are involved in postmortem alteration in the crayfish muscle structure under the packaging systems investigated. 相似文献
12.
Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is commercially used to increase the shelf life of packaged produce by reducing the produce respiration rate, delaying senescence, and inhibiting the growth of many spoilage organisms, ultimately increasing product shelf life. MAP systems typically optimize O(2) levels to achieve these effects while preventing anaerobic fermentation but fail to optimize CO(2) concentrations. Altering film permselectivity (i.e., beta, which is the ratio of CO(2)/O(2) permeation coefficients) could be utilized to concurrently optimize levels of both CO(2) and O(2) in MAP systems. We investigated the effect of modifying film permselectivity on the equilibrium gas composition of a model MAP produce system packaged in containers incorporating modified poly(ethylene) ionomer films with CO(2)/O(2) permselectivites between 4-5 and 0.8-1.3. To compare empirical to calculated data of the effect of permselectivity on the equilibrium gas composition of the MAP produce system, a mathematical model commonly used to optimize MAP of respiring produce was applied. The calculated gas composition agreed with observed values, using empirical respiration data from fresh cut apples as a test system and permeability data from tested and theoretical films. The results suggest that packaging films with CO(2)/O(2) permselectivities lower than those commercially available (<3) would further optimize O(2) and CO(2) concentration in MAP of respiring produce, particularly highly respiring and minimally processed produce. 相似文献
13.
冰温结合不同比例氧气气调对冷却肉的保鲜效果 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
试验研究了在冰温基础上结合不同含氧比例气调对冷却猪肉保鲜的影响,试验设置冰温、冷藏（4℃）、真空包装+冰温、20%CO2+80%O2（高氧）+冰温、20%CO2+20%O2+60%N2（低氧）+冰温、20%CO2+80%N2（无氧）+冰温6个试验组,测定菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮、汁液流失率、保水能力和色差。结果表明：冰温条件下高氧和低氧的菌落总数24 d还未超过冷却肉卫生标准,且两组之间无显著差异（P＞0.05）;在整个贮藏期内高氧气调和低氧气调可以维持冷却肉的色泽在一个小的范围内变化;高氧气调和低氧气调8 d后汁液流失率显著高于单纯冰温和无氧气调（P＜0.05）,高氧气调12 d后汁液流失率显著高于低氧气调（P＜0.05）,同时高氧气调8 d后持水能力显著大于低氧气调（P＜0.05）。在冰温条件下,80%O2和20%O2都能长时间维护冷却肉的色泽,均能较好抑制微生物的增殖,但在汁液流失率、保水能力方面各有优势。 相似文献
14.
15.
Artés-Hernández F Artés F Tomás-Barberán FA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(18):5290-5295
Ten different gaseous treatments were evaluated for their efficacy in the keeping quality of cv. Napoleon table grapes during 38 days of storage at 0 degrees C followed by 6 days of shelf life at 15 degrees C in air. These storage methods included modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) with and without SO(2) or natural fungicides (hexanal and hexenal), two controlled atmospheres (CA), and intermittent and continuous applications of O(3). As a control, air atmosphere during cold storage was used. Most of the treatments applied kept the postharvest quality of the grapes, although the best results were obtained by the use of a MAP with 5 kPa of O(2) plus 15 kPa of CO(2) plus 80 kPa of N(2). The total anthocyanin content at harvest was 170 +/- 19 microg/g of fresh weight (fw) of grapes, which declined in most of the treatments applied and was reflected in the loss of red color. Peonidin 3-glucoside was detected at all sampling times as the major anthocyanin (always >50% from the total content). Treatments applied kept or decreased the total flavonol content from that measured at harvest (17 +/- 1.4 microg/g of fw of berries). However, an increase of up to 2-fold in total stilbenoid content after shelf life for CA and O(3) treatments was observed. At all sampling times for almost every treatment piceid concentration remained unaltered or slightly changed, whereas large increases were observed after shelf life for resveratrol (1.2 +/- 0.6 microg/g of fw of grapes sampled at harvest), even up to 3- and 4-fold for O(3)-treated grapes and 2-fold for CA-treated ones. Therefore, improved techniques for the keeping quality of cv. Napoleon table grapes during long-term storage seem to maintain or enhance their antioxidant compound content. 相似文献
16.
Ozonated water extends the shelf life of fresh-cut lettuce 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The use of ozonated water as a sanitizer to extend the shelf life of fresh-cut lettuce and the effect on the antioxidant constituents (polyphenols and vitamin C) were investigated. Fresh-cut iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was washed at 4 degrees C using three different ozonated water dips [10, 20, and 10 activated by ultraviolet C (UV-C) light mg L(-1) min total ozone dose], and the dips were compared with water and chlorine rinses. Treated lettuce was packaged in air or active modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) (4 kPa of O2 + 12 kPa of CO2 balanced with N2) and stored for 13 days at 4 degrees C. Despite its strong oxidizing activity, ozonated water did not stimulate the respiratory activity of fresh-cut lettuce. Moreover, ozonated water maintained the initial visual appearance of fresh-cut lettuce and controlled browning during storage in air. Initially, ozonated water and chlorine reduced the total mesophilic population by 1.6 and 2.1 log, respectively, when compared with water. Active MAP was effective in controlling total microbial growth, achieving 2.0 log reduction in relation to samples stored in air at the end of storage. On the other hand, active MAP caused a 2.0-3.5 reduction of coliforms on sanitized samples compared with water-washed samples. The most efficient treatments were ozone 20 and ozone 10 activated by UV-C, which were as effective as chlorine. Changes in individual phenolic compounds were independent of the washing treatments. In air, chlorogenic and isochlorogenic acid contents increased noticeably after 13 days while monocaffeoyltartaric and dicaffeoyltartaric acids remained unchanged. MAP effectively suppressed accumulation of caffeoylquinic derivatives, whereas caffeoyltartaric derivatives decreased during MAP storage to reach similar levels. The content of vitamin C (ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid) decreased during storage, particularly under MAP. Ozonated water could be an alternative sanitizer to chlorine for fresh-cut lettuce due to good retention of sensorial quality and browning control with no detrimental reduction in the antioxidant constituents. 相似文献
17.
薄膜气调包装对枇杷果实冷藏期间呼吸和品质性状的影响 总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3
通过对呼吸速率、总可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、pH值、果肉硬度、维生素C、失重率和品质及感官指标的变化进行分析，研究了薄膜气调包装对枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.，品种：解放钟）果实冷藏期间呼吸和品质特性的影响，气调包装用的薄膜为低密度聚乙烯薄膜(LDPE，厚度20 μm)，以打孔的低密度聚乙烯薄膜包装为对照。结果表明，低密度聚乙烯薄膜包装枇杷果实后，3～4 d后可维持一个相对稳定的适宜枇杷贮藏的O2和CO2的气体浓度，即CO2(4.8±0.67)%，O2(11.5±0.85)%；薄膜气调包装结合低温可明显地降低枇杷果实的呼吸速率；薄膜气调包装可以最大限度地减小冷藏期间的枇杷果实的失重率、果肉硬度、维生素C、总可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和固酸比的变化，维持枇杷的新鲜品质，延长货架期。因此，低密度聚乙烯薄膜（LDPE，厚度20 μm）气调包装可用于枇杷的贮藏保鲜。 相似文献
18.
气调包装对冷却肉护色保鲜效果的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
不同气体成分比例和不同包装材料影响冷却肉的贮藏保鲜品质。本研究通过填充不同比例的CO、CO2和N2,结合不同阻隔性能的包装材料,分析气调包装对冷却肉护色保鲜的效果。结果表明当充气比例为1%CO、25%CO2和74%N2时冷藏21d,冷却肉的出水率为1.54%,红度值(a*)值最大,细菌总数增加量最少,挥发性盐基氮含量最低,色泽、风味和外观感官性能最佳,综合护色保鲜效果最优。同时,高阻隔性的包装材料能显著性地维持冷却肉的色泽,降低失水率,抑制微生物的生长。本研究显示适宜的气体成分组成配合高阻隔性的包装材料,更加有利于冷却肉的护色保鲜。 相似文献