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建昌县是葫芦岛市的玉米生产大县,全县耕地面积5.93万hm2,常年玉米种植面积3.73万hm2左右,总产约25万t.2005～2008年实施国家粮食丰产科技项目,示范区玉米0.67万hm2,平均667 m2产量550kg. 相似文献
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云南省玉米大、小斑病流行原因及防治对策 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
云南是一个典型的高原山区省份。山区、半山区面积占94%,坝区仅占6%。玉米是云南省主要粮食和饲料作物之一,常年播种面积80万～100万hm2,占耕地面积的23%～28%,其产量占全省粮食总产的28%。2003～2004年玉米大、小斑病在云南省普遍发生,并造成较大的为害。主要的流行区域在滇西南的德宏、保山、临沧、怒江、思茅等州、市,并有扩大蔓延的趋势。据8个主要玉米种植州(市)统计,2004年玉米大、小斑病发生面积12郾54万hm2,占种植面积的21%(发生面积大的保山市占67%,临沧占51郾8%,德宏占48%)。其中,2郾68万hm2损失产量三成以上,0郾24万hm2绝收,玉米… 相似文献
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马铃薯是重庆市的特色农作物之一,也是集口粮、加工、菜用等多用途的作物,种植面积达26.7万hm2,产量居全国第六位。晚疫病是马铃薯生产过程中的一种毁灭性病害,由致病疫霉Phytophthora infestans(Mont.)de Bary引起。近年来,由于品种抗性降低、适宜的气候条件等原因,马铃薯晚疫病发生严重,年均发生面积在8万hm2左右,每年造成20%～30%的产量损失,严重时达50%以上。尤其是2007年全市晚疫病发生面积达12.3万hm2,成灾面积3.9万hm2,绝收0.87 相似文献
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南充市小麦条锈病流行原因分析及综合治理探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
南充市常年种植小麦14万～16万hm2,占全市粮食作物种植面积的26.9%～28.2%.小麦产量的高低,对全市粮食总产影响较大. 相似文献
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黎平县水稻中后期主要病虫害防治对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
水稻是黎平县第一大粮食作物．常年种植面积在1．77万hm2．占黎平县粮食种植面积的70％以上．每年稻谷总产量在13万t左右。全年水稻病虫害发生面积4．67万hm2次,其中中后期病虫害穗颈瘟、稻曲病、纹枯病、褐飞虱、 相似文献
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江门市是珠江三角洲重要的农产品生产基地,是农业大市,水稻全年种植面积18.67万hm2,总产90万t.水稻病虫害常年发生面积60万hm2次,防治面积73.33万hm2次,实际产量损失7万t.2010年以来,全市各级农业部门高度重视水稻病虫害绿色防控技术的推广应用,取得良好成效. 相似文献
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The nature of a reductive system which actively degrades mexacarbate in the rat intestine and liver was investigated. The system is characterized by its stability against heat and protease treatments and its requirements for a flavin cofactor and an acidic pH for a maximum activity. As a result of purification and spectroscopic identification attempts the system responsible for the above reductive activity was identified to be flavoprotein. Under anerobic conditions such flavoproteinflavin cofactor systems degrade mexacarbate first to 4-N-desmethylmexacarbate and then to polar water-soluble metabolites. 相似文献
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利用祁连山老虎沟地区海拔4200m气象观测站2010年的观测资料,采用FAO Penman-Monteith公式,再利用作物系数法,对高寒草甸生长季(5月22-9月22)的蒸散发量进行估算和分析。结果发现:研究期共有124天,蒸散发总量为238.3mm,日均为1.87mm·d-1。生长初期、生长中期、生长末期的蒸散发总量依次为22.6mm,179.1mm,36.6mm,依次占研究期总量的8.4%,75.2%,15.3%。5月下旬至6月中旬,日均蒸散发量以较低水平缓慢上升;6月下旬迅速增加;6月末至7月中旬猛然回落;7月中旬至8月末,日均蒸散发量迅速上升且维持在较高水平;此后直到9月22日,缓慢减少。5-9月月蒸散发总量依次为6.6mm,46.4mm,74.5mm,77.6mm,33.1mm。 相似文献
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Aetiology of Rhizoctonia in sheath blight of maize in Sichuan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Rhizoctonia isolates obtained from maize grown in commercial fields in 33 representative counties (or cities) in Sichuan province in China were characterized according to colony morphology, hyphal anastomosis and pathogenicity. Of 141 isolates, 116 were identified as R. solani , 23 as R. zeae and two as binucleate Rhizoctonia . The isolates of R. solani were assigned to four anastomosis groups (AG): AG-1-IA (101 isolates, accounting for 71.6% of the total), AG-1-IB (2, 1.4%), AG-4 (9, 6.4%) and AG-5 (4, 2.8%). The two isolates of binucleate Rhizoctonia belonged to AG-K. On maize, isolates of AG-1-IA caused typical sheath blight symptoms. Lesions produced by isolates of AG-4, AG-5, AG-1-IB and AG-K were darker than those of AG-1-IA. Rhizoctonia zeae usually caused discontinuous lesions with a dark brown margin and a brown centre on the leaf sheaths, as well as ear rot. Isolates of AG-1-IA were the most virulent to maize, with an average lesion length of approximately 15 cm. Isolates of R. zeae produced lesions approximately 12 cm long, while those of AG-4, AG-5, AG-1-IB and AG-K were progressively shorter. On potato dextrose agar (PDA; pH 6.4), the minimum temperature for mycelial growth of R. zeae isolates was 14–18°C, the maximum 38–40°C and optimum 30°C. Isolates of R. zeae did not grow on PDA (28°C) at pH 2.0, the optimum for growth being pH 6.4. 相似文献
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西北地区冬季室内三种常绿植物的光合特性比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
使用Li-6400XT便携式气体交换系统的红蓝光源和液化CO_2钢瓶注入系统,模拟冬季室内较密闭环境下存在较高CO_2浓度且为弱光环境,设置CO_2浓度为600μmol·mol~(-1),并以400μmol·mol~(-1)作为对照组(CK),对绿萝(Scindapsus aureus)、鹅掌柴(Scheffera octophlla(Lour).Harins)和燕子掌(Crassula agenten Thunb.)进行光响应(Pn-PAR)曲线的测定。结果显示:在CO_2浓度600μmol·mol~(-1)下,三种植物的光饱和点(LSP)均比(CK)更早出现,绿萝和鹅掌柴总体的净光合速率(Pn)比(CK)高,燕子掌比(CK)低;绿萝的最大光合速率(Pmax)、光饱和点(LSP)和表观量子效率(YAQ)均最高,分别为5.62±0.145μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)、373.51±24.15μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)和0.041±0.003μmol·μmol~(-1),但暗呼吸速率(Rd)较低(-0.51±0.14μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1));鹅掌柴和绿萝的水分利用率(WUE)和蒸腾速率(Tr),极显著高于燕子掌(P<0.01);绿萝的叶绿素SPAD值最高(70.03±4.18),极显著高于其余两种(P<0.01)。研究表明,绿萝对光照具有最强的利用能力,且能在高CO_2浓度且干旱的环境里健康生长,并能对室内环境起到较强的增湿效应,是西北地区冬季较为理想的室内植物。 相似文献
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Incidence of benomyl and iprodione resistance in isolates of Botrytis cinerea in tomato crops in England and Wales in 1986 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
In 1986, mass-mycelial isolates of Botrytis cinerea from 67 tomato crops in England and Wales were examined for benomyl and iprodione resistance. Of the 706 isolates obtained, 62.7% were resistant to benomyl at 2μg/ml and 43.2% were resistant to iprodione at 2 μg/ml. Iprodione resistance persisted in the absence of a dicarboximide spray programme. The incidence of benomyl resistance has not decreased since the last survey in 1984 in spite of a considerable reduction in the use of benzimidazole fungicides. There were no clear indications that the use of dichlofluanid influenced the incidence of benomyl or iprodione resistance. Disease control was poorer in crops with a higher incidence of iprodione resistance. 相似文献
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A. D. Avgelis 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1987,93(4):153-158
During a survey of virus diseases affecting pepper grown in plastic houses in Crete, during 1984–1986, tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) were detected. The most common virus was TMV, being present in samples of alle pepper cultivars carrying the L1 resistance gene, while ToMV was isolated only from susceptible pepper cultivars. According to responses ofCapsicum spp. the isolates from 640 samples checked were classified into three pathotypes: P0, P1.2 and P1.2.3. Results of this study show that P1.2 represents at present the major threat to the Cretan pepper industry.Samenvatting Bij een in de jaren 1984–1986 gehouden inventarisatie van virusziekten in paprika in plastic-foliekassen op Kreta werd zowel het tabaksmozaïekvirus (TMV) als het tomatemozaïekvirus (ToMV) aangetoond. TMV kwam zeer algemeen voor: het werd aangetroffen in alle monsters van de paprikarassen met het resistentiegen L1. ToMV werd alleen geïsoleerd uit planten van vatbare paprikarassen. Volgens de waargenomen symptomen die de isolaten van 640 monsters opCapsicum spp. vertoonden, konden de isolaten in drie pathotypen, nl. P1, P1,2 en P1,2,3, worden geklassificeerd. Uit het onderzoek is gebleken dat P1,2 de belangrijkste bedreiging vormt voor de teelt van paprika op Kreta. 相似文献
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A. D. Avgelis 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1986,92(4):147-152
Tomatoes grown in plastic houses in Crete have been inspected since 1980 for virus diseases. Plants with virus-like symptoms were checked by sap inoculation to test plants and the isolated viruses were identified by host reaction and serology. The most common viruses were, in order of frequency, tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), potato virus X, tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), potato virus Y and cucumber mosaic virus. The large use of ToMV-resistant cultivars reduces gradually the importance of ToMV while TBSV tends to become a serious problem of tomato in Crete.Samenvatting Van 1980–1984 werden op Kreta de in plasticfolie-kassen geteelde tomaten geïnventariseerd op de aanwezigheid van virussen. Verdachte plante werden door sapinoculatie op toetsplanten onderzocht. De daarbij geïsoleerde virussen werden daarna via de symptomen op de waardplanten en serologisch geïdentificeerd. In volgorde van belangrijkheid werden de volgende virussen het meest aangetroffen: tomatemozaïekvirus, aardappelvirus X, tomatedwerggroeivirus, aardappel Y virus en komkommermozaïekvirus, De laatste jaren is door de toenemende teelt van tomaterassen met resistentie tegen tomatemozaïekvirus het belang van dit virus sterk verminderd, terwijl het tomatedwerggroeivirus een steeds ernstiger probleem lijkt te worden. 相似文献