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1.
饲粮锌和钙水平对蛋鸡组织中矿物元素含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在玉米—豆饼型基础饲粮中添加不同水平锌和钙,研究了饲粮锌和钙水平对蛋鸡不同组织中九种矿物元素含量的影响。结果表明,肝脏、胰脏和胫骨中锌含量对饲粮锌水平的反应比其它组织敏感。高锌饲粮使血液钙、镁、锰、铜和磷含量,输卵管磷和钾含量显著降低。高钙饲粮使血液铜,肝脏锌、铜、锰、镁、磷、钾和钠含量,胰脏铜含量,肌肉锌含量,胫骨镁、锰、铁、铜和钾含量显著降低,但使血液和肺脏磷含量显著提高。 相似文献
2.
在玉米淀粉——大豆分离蛋白纯合饲粮中,加入不同水平的苜蓿纤维和镁,饲予56日龄(星布罗 D 系母)内鸡,研究了饲粮纤维、镁对肉鸡生长发育及组织中矿物元素的影响,结果如下:①饲粮纤维和镁水平对内鸡增重、采食量及饲料利用效率都无显著影响(p>0.05)。②纤维和镁对血液中的锌、铁、钾、钠、磷无显著影响(p>0.05),低纤维时,镁对血液中镁无显著影响(p>0.05),高纤维时,镁水平升高,血液中镁显著升高(p<0.05),当镁水平相同时,随着纤维水平的提高,血液中钙含量显著降低(p<0.05)。当镁低水平时,纤维升高则血液中镁显著降低(p<0.05),镁高水平时,无显著变化(p>0.05)。随着饲粮纤维水平提高,羽毛中镁含量显著降低,而胫骨中锰和肝脏镁含量则显著升高(p<0.05)。③饲粮镁水平的提高,血液镁、胫骨镁、肝脏镁含量都显著升高(p<0.05);而胫骨钠、钙、磷的含量却显著的降低(P<0.05)。 相似文献
3.
日粮中氯、镁、非植酸磷水平和豆饼对肉仔鸡胫骨软骨症的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本试验为2~4因子试验,研究日粮中氯、镁、非植酸磷水平和不同豆饼对肉用仔公鸡生长性能、胫骨和血清中钙、磷、镁、钠、钾和血清氯离于含量以及胫骨软骨症的影响。结果表明,高氯和/或高磷的摄取导致仔鸡胫骨软骨症的高发病率,而这种高氯和/或高磷日粮诱发胫骨软骨症的作用可通过提高日粮中的镁水平来缓解,但伴随着仔鸡生长速度的降低。胫骨软骨症的高发病率与仔鸡胫骨钠,血清氯(Cl~-)含量成显著正相关(r=0.77,p<0.01;r=0.51,P<0.05)与仔鸡血清钾(K~+)含量成显著负相关(r=-0.50,P<0.05)。日粮中不同豆饼对仔鸡胫骨和血清中矿物元素含量的影响依赖于日粮中氯、镁、非植酸磷的水平,而豆饼本身对胫骨软骨症的发病率没有显著影响(P>0.05)。 相似文献
4.
设计两个试验，研究了生长后期日粮中钙、非植酸磷，维生素Ｄ３水平时肉鸡生产性能及胫骨矿化的影响。结果表明，日粮中钙、磷或维生素Ｄ３水平下降导致胫骨中灰分、钙和磷的含量降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）．但对胫骨中锰、锌含量无明显形响。生长后期日粮非植酸磷含量下降到０．１４％时钙下降到０．３７％或高到０．８５％不影响生长、饲料转化率、存活率及腿病发生率（Ｐ＞０．０５）：用石粉取代磷酸氢钙而使钙含量达０．９０％，钙／非植酸磷比值高达６．４３：１会显著抑制肉鸡生长，降低饲料转化率和胫骨矿化度（Ｐ＜０．０５），但对胫骨锰、锌含量无影响。 相似文献
5.
试验采用 4× 2二因子有重复设计 ,研究了饲粮中不同水平钙 (0 .5 5 %、0 .6 5 %、0 .75 %和 0 .85 % )和磷 (0 .3%和 0 .4 % )对 5～ 8周龄五龙鹅胫骨生长及体内矿物质含量的影响。结果表明 :不同钙水平对五龙鹅胫骨粗灰分、钙、磷含量影响显著 ,胫骨粗灰分及钙磷含量均以0 .6 5 %钙水平时最高 ,对胫骨的长、宽、长宽比和绝干重 ,血浆及肝脏钙磷含量以及胫骨及肝脏锌、锰、铜含量影响均不显著 ;不同磷水平对胫骨粗灰分及钙磷含量显著 ,对胫骨长、宽、长宽比和绝干重 ,血浆及肝脏钙磷含量以及胫骨及肝脏锌、锰、铜含量影响均不显著 ;钙磷互作对胫骨灰分及磷含量影响显著 ,对胫骨钙含量影响极显著 ,对胫骨长、宽、长宽比和绝干重 ,血浆及肝脏钙磷含量以及胫骨及肝脏锌、锰、铜含量影响均不显著。 相似文献
6.
试验观察小麦麸水平对生长鸡常量元素利用的影响。试验以去皮去胚玉米、玉米淀粉及提纯大豆蛋白为主的半纯合型饲粮,分别含有0(对照)、8、16、24、32及40％的小麦麸,添加玉米油降低饲粮能量差异。测定钾、钠、钙、镁及磷在某些组织的沉积量及真利用率。试验结果表明钾、钠、钙、镁及磷的利用均受饲粮小麦麸的影响,这种影响主要表现在排泄物中元素含量的增加,以及真利用率的降低。钾、镁及磷的采食量随小麦麸水平的提高而显著增加(P<0.001),排泄物中含量也随之显著增加(P<0.001),小麦麸含量从8％升至40％,钾、镁及磷的含量分别增加1.0—6.1、1.0—4.9及1.4—2.8倍,真利用率分别降低(P<0.01)16.2—76.7％、19.6—53.5％及13.1—42.9％。钙和钠的采食量在饲粮间变化较小,8—40％小麦麸导致钙排泄量增加(P<0.01)41.5—733.2％,40％小麦麸导致钠含量增加31.1％(P<0.05)。小麦麸含量为8—40％,钙的真利用率降低9.9—19.8％(P<0.01),钠真利用率降低13.6—34.9％,小麦麸含量高于24％差异显著(P<0.05)。血液和肝脏中元素的沉积量不受小麦麸的影响。小麦麸含量为8—40％,胰脏中钾含量降低(P<0.01),小麦麸含量超过24％,胫骨中钙含量降低7.3—1 4.3％(P<0.05),小麦麸超过40％,胫骨磷含量降低10.5％(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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8.
选用800只21日龄白羽肉鸡,采用5×4二因子完全随机试验设计,随机分成20组,每组4个重复。在玉米-豆粕型日粮基础上添加5个水平钙(0.6%、0.8%、1.0%、1.2%和1.5%)和4个水平非植酸磷(0.35%、0.45%、0.55%和0.65%),研究饲料中不同钙、磷水平对4～6周龄肉鸡骨骼生长的影响。结果表明:胫骨强度、胫骨灰分及胫骨磷含量和日粮钙、磷水平呈显著正相关(P<0.05),但1.5%钙、0.6%钙和0.35%非植酸磷都显著降低胫骨强度、胫骨灰分及胫骨磷含量(P<0.05)。4-6周龄肉鸡达到最大胫骨强度时的日粮钙、非植酸磷添加水平分别为1.0%和0.45%。。由回归方程得出4-6周龄肉鸡胫骨灰分含量和胫骨强度达最大时的日粮钙、非植酸磷添加水平分别为0.99%、0.55%和1.02%、0.55%。 相似文献
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10.
本试验采用分组对比的方法,研究了日粮钙磷水平(钙磷比例失调)对肉用仔鸡血液和胫骨中钙磷含量的影响,并应用离子选择电极,对肉用仔鸡血清离子钙进行实验性检测,以期探讨离子钙含量与日粮钙磷水平和其与胫骨钙磷含量之间的相关性及其变动规律。同时对胫骨形态结构的影响,进行了病理组织学检查。 相似文献
11.
Intravenous injection of insulin, 0.5 i.u./kg, was followed by a decrease in plasma magnesium. It is earlier known that insulin sometimes lowers the blood magnesium level, and the mechanism behind this effect is said to be an increased tissue uptake of magnesium. Glucose infusion did not change plasma magnesium, whereas norepinephrine and epinephrine caused a slight reduction. Insulin at the dose of 1 i.u./kg reduced plasma calcium in intact sheep. In thyroidectomized sheep the same dose caused a rise in plasma calcium. It is suggested that insulin caused hypercalcaemia in the thyroidectomized sheep by increasing the rate of bone resorption, and that the decrease in plasma calcium observed in the intact sheep was due to release of calcitonin to such an extent that the bone resorbing effect of insulin was blocked. Insulin also lowered plasma inorganic phosphorus in the thyroidectomized sheep. 相似文献
12.
应用５因素２次回归几乎正交旋转组合设计，运用主成分分析方法对４３２只ＡｒｂｏｒＡｃｒｅｓ公雏（３６组，１２只／组）的日粮钙、磷、锰、锌、ＶＤ３５因素与９项检测指标之间的关系进行研究。相关性分析和主成分分析结果表明：日粮钙水平与肉仔鸡１４日龄体重、日粮钙和锌水平与肝脏锌沉积、日粮磷水平与ＡＫＰ活性、胫骨锌沉积均呈显著负相关；日粮锌水平与肉仔鸡体重、胫骨锌沉积呈强正相关。分析累计方差贡献率８６％以上的１１个主成分表达式结果：日粮钙水平阻碍肉仔鸡早期生长，使组织锌沉积降低；日粮钙与磷、锰与锌、ＶＤ３与磷之间的互作在不同程度上影响肉仔鸡组织、血液和骨骼锌沉积。衡量日粮钙供给状况的是第１、９、１０主成分因子；衡量日粮钙、磷供给状况的是第３、８、１１主成分因子；衡量日粮锰与钙供给状况的是第４主成分因子；衡量日粮锌与钙供给状况的是第５主成分因子。 相似文献
13.
为了得到乌骨鸡适宜的饲粮钙磷水平,将2250只乌骨鸡随机分为5组,设置不同饲粮钙磷水平,测定其对乌骨鸡生长性能及胫骨灰分含量的影响。研究结果表明,根据乌骨鸡的生长性能及胫骨灰分含量的数据分析,乌骨鸡饲粮1~25日龄钙水平0.90%、非植酸磷水平0.40%,26~45日龄钙水平0.85%、非植酸磷水平0.36%,46~65日龄钙水平0.80%、非植酸磷水平0.33%已完全满足其生长和骨骼发育的需要,高于此钙磷水平对乌骨鸡骨骼发育和生长性能无明显改善。 相似文献
14.
乳牛骨软症的调查研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
本文对哈尔滨奶牛场发生的以异嗜、跛行等为特征的乳牛疾病进行了调查研究,分析研究了日粮成分,临床表现,血清钙、无机磷、镁和羟脯氨酸的含量及变化,以及尾椎密度的测定值。结果表明,日粮中钙过多,磷、镁供给不足,钙、磷比例过大是致病的主要原因。并分析研究了乳牛血液生化指标的变化和尾椎骨密度的测定法对诊断和监测骨软症和钙、磷、镁代谢动态的意义。 相似文献
15.
1. Two experiments were carried out to investigate responses in performance and bone compositional and structural characteristics in broilers fed diets containing 4 concentrations of vitamin D3 (5, 20, 125 and 250 microg cholecalciferol/kg) at different concentrations of calcium, available phosphorus and vitamin A. 2. In experiment 1, body weight and tibia breaking strength were maximised at 14d with 250 microg vitamin D3/kg, tibia ash was maximised with 125 microg vitamin D3/kg. A high incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) was decreased to very low levels with 125 microg vitamin D/kg. 3. At 42d, performance and bone characteristics showed no response to vitamin D3 concentrations above 20 microg/kg. 4. Dietary vitamin A within the range 2-4 to 4.5 mg retinol/kg did not show any interaction with vitamin D3 status at either age. 5. In experiment 2, responses to vitamin D3 were strongly influenced by dietary calcium/available phosphorus. With 13 g calcium and 5 g available phosphorus/kg, performance and bone characteristics responded to vitamin D3 concentrations up to 125 microg/kg but more was needed at less optimal concentrations of calcium and available phosphorus. TD incidence was minimised with 250 microg/kg. 6. This study shows that high dietary concentrations of vitamin D3 can prevent TD. It is concluded that the vitamin D3 requirement of broilers up to 14 d of age at optimal dietary calcium and available phosphorus concentrations may be in the range 35 to 50 microg/kg for cortical bone quality and up to 250 microg/kg for prevention of TD. The vitamin D3 requirement for cortical bone quality after 14 d is not higher than 20 microg/kg. These requirements are much higher than earlier estimates and may be related to higher calcium requirements of modern broiler genotypes. Current regulations limiting maximum vitamin D3 concentrations in broiler starter diets may need to be reviewed. 相似文献
16.
Functional analysis of ectopic parathyroid activity in cats 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
J A Flanders S Neth H N Erb F A Kallfelz 《American journal of veterinary research》1991,52(8):1336-1340
The ability of ectopic parathyroid tissue to support calcium homeostasis was evaluated by measuring serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, albumin, magnesium, and parathyroid hormone before and for 12 weeks after bilateral thyroparathyroidectomy in 14 cats. During the immediate postoperative period, significant decrease was observed in serum calcium, magnesium, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations. Serum PTH concentration remained subnormal and did not significantly increase during the 12-week observation period. Despite persistent hypoparathyroidism, serum calcium and magnesium concentrations gradually increased. Ectopic parathyroid tissue is not capable of maintaining normal serum calcium concentration immediately after thyroparathyroidectomy. Serum calcium concentration gradually normalizes after thyroparathyroidectomy, apparently by means of a PTH-independent mechanism. 相似文献
17.
Jankowski J Lichtorowicz K Zduńczyk Z Juśkiewicz J 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2012,15(2):227-232
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different dietary levels of sodium in diets with and without sodium chloride on mineral metabolism, including blood electrolyte levels and tibia mineralization parameters, in young turkeys (to six weeks of age). The influence of diets with a low (L), medium (M) and high (H) sodium content, at 0.34, 1.34 and 2.82 g/kg respectively, was compared. The content of chloride and potassium in turkey diets (1.7 - 5.9 and 11 g/kg, respectively) was above the recommended levels. The sodium-deficient diet L decreased the serum concentrations of sodium, chloride and phosphorus, and it increased the serum levels of calcium and magnesium in turkeys, compared with groups M and H. Relative to group L, different dietary sodium levels in groups M and H contributed to a similar increase in the body weights of birds (1.06 vs. 1.46 and 1.44 kg, p < 0.001) and in the absolute (4.60 vs. 6.83 and 6.62 g, p < 0.001) and relative tibia weight (0.42 vs. 0.46 and 0.46% body weight, p = 0.031). No significant differences were found between groups with respect to the content of ash, calcium and phosphorus in tibia dry matter. Supplemental sodium increased the bone density index (from 50.6 to 68.4 and 66.3 mg/mm in groups L, M and H, respectively, p < 0.001), the maximum bending moment (from 5.27 to 7.40 and 7.33 N/mm, p = 0.002) and the minimum breaking strength of tibia (from 0.136 to 0.191 and 0.189, p = 0.002). In conclusion, our study indicates that the applied dietary treatment with a moderate sodium level (1.34 g/kg) resulted in a rate of bird growth and tibia mineralization similar to those observed with the treatment with much higher Na content (2.82 g/kg). 相似文献
18.
Turkey poults were fed a vitamin D-deficient diet and examined for clinical signs and structural changes of bone and parathyroid glands. Vitamin D-deficient poults developed ricketic changes during days 10 to 14. Control poults (deficient diet plus vitamin D) did not develop rickets. In deficient poults, lengths of proliferating-prehypertrophied zones of growth plates increased significantly in the proximal tibiotarsus but were only slightly elongated in the distal tibiotarsus. Unmineralized hypertrophic chondrocyte zones increased in length rapidly in conjunction with a decrease in the length of mineralized hypertrophic degenerative zones; this occurred more rapidly in proximal than in distal tibiotarsus. Other ricketic changes included decreases in bone ash, total femoral bone ash (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium), bone length, and body weight. Plasma alkaline phosphatase was increased, calcium was normal, and phosphorus was normal or elevated. Parathyroids were hyperplastic and had foci of degeneration. Vitamin D3 metabolites 25OHD3, 1,25(OH)2D3, and 24,25(OH)2D3 were rapidly depleted. Increase in bone ash Ca/P ratios in deficient poults suggests that phosphorus may be selectively released from ricketic bone. Low 25OHD3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 of control poults early in the experiment suggests that 1,400 IU of vitamin D3/kg of feed may not be an adequate level of vitamin D3 for growing turkey poults. 相似文献