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1.
根据近缘种间同源基因序列保守的原理,设计20对可用于扩增菌草PEPC基因的特异性PCR反应引物。利用PCR-RFLP技术对46份菌草种质资源进行PEPC基因多样性分析。结果表明：12对引物可对供试材料实现有效特异性扩增,PCR产物经限制性核酸内切酶Hae III酶切,在46份材料上共给出176(平均每对引物14.7)个变异类型。UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,材料间遗传相似系数(SM)在0.86～1,在遗传相似系数为0.865时,46份材料可分为四大类群,这表明PCR-RFLP技术可有效用于菌草资源的遗传多样性分析。 相似文献
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水稻DNA限制性片段长度多态性的初步研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
应用19个不同的探针／限制性内切酶组合，测定了8个不同基因型水稻间的DNA限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)。结果表明：RFLP在水稻中普遍存在，同一亚种内的RFLP较少，而在不同亚种间则较大；栽培稻与野生稻间的RFLP较多，而以粳稻和野生稻之间RFLP最多，达58％－68％。用IBM ／PC计算机分析了这些基因型之间的遗传距离，粳稻和籼稻可明显地分成二组，野生稻与籼稻的亲缘大于与粳稻的亲缘。具有广亲和能力的爪哇型品种Ketan Nangka偏向籼型。 相似文献
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本试验以亚麻(Linum usitatissimumL.)品种Argos为材料,分离了高纯度的RNA。用简并引物以RT-PCR的方法,克隆了亚麻CAD基因cDNA部分序列,长度为477bp,构建了pGEM-T-CAD质粒。用限制性内切酶EcoRI酶切pGEM-T-CAD质粒和载体pGEM-7Zf(-),进行连接,构建成中间表达载体pGEM-7Zf(-)-CAD质粒。用限制性内切酶XbaI和BamHI双酶切中间表达载体pGEM-7Zf(-)-CAD质粒和pBI121载体,进行连接,构建了亚麻CAD基因反义植物表达载体pBI121-antiNTCAD。 相似文献
4.
亚麻CAD基因克隆及反义表达载体的构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验以亚麻(Linum usitatissimum L.)品种Argos为材料,分离了高纯度的RNA.用简并引物以RT-PCR的方法,克隆了亚麻CAD基因cDNA部分序列,长度为477bp,构建了pGEM-T-CAD质粒.用限制性内切酶EcoR I酶切pGEM-T-CAD质粒和载体pGEM-7Zf(-),进行连接,构建成中间表达载体pGEM-7Zf(-)-CAD质粒.用限制性内切酶Xba I和BamH I双酶切中间表达载体pGEM-7Zf(-)-CAD质粒和pBI121栽体,进行连接,构建了亚麻CAD基因反义植物表达载体pBI121-antiNTCAD. 相似文献
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RFLP是近年兴起的一种生物技术。RFLP由4个英文词(Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism)的首字母组成,字面意思是限制性片段长度多样性。如果结合RFLP的内涵,其中文意思是限制酶切DNA片段多样性,即意用限制性内切酶把 相似文献
8.
甜菜属近缘野生种与栽培种叶绿体及线粒体基因组的RFLP分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用具有叶绿体和线粒体基因配列的３种探针和７种限制性内切酶对甜菜属近缘野生种和栽培种共１２个材料进行了ＲＦＬＰ分析。结果表明，在甜菜属植物中表现了丰富的ＲＦＬＰ多态性。在２１个内切酶与探针组合产生的１００余条ＤＮＡ分子量带型中，只有４条为１２个材料所共有，表明了甜菜属植物种间遗传背景的复杂性和部分相似性。根据ＲＦＬＰ多态片断和分类结果绘制成的亲缘关系树状图看出，维比纳甜菜和大果甜菜与传统的形态分类有所差异，可各自划分为一个独立组，维比纳甜菜与普通甜菜组关系最远。同时表明了利用ＲＦＬＰ分子标记技术可以准确地鉴定和识别品种或品系间的特异性。 相似文献
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香蕉园土壤16S rDNA文库分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以采自海南省福山香蕉园香蕉枯萎病发生地和正常种植园的土壤样品为试验材料,对这两类土壤的细菌多样性进行研究。通过构建2种土样的细菌16S rDNA基因文库,利用限制性内切酶HhaI对随机克隆进行酶切筛选,测定代表克隆的16S rDNA序列,并对2种土样的细菌种群进行了系统发育分析比较。结果表明正常香蕉种植区的土壤样品的细菌多样性较为丰富,其中变形菌门、厚壁菌门、酸杆菌门为主要细菌类群;而香蕉枯萎病发生地土壤以放线菌门和厚壁菌门为主要细菌类群。 相似文献
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利用微卫星标记分析浙江省近年来主要水稻品种的遗传多样性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用12个DNA微卫星标记分析了浙江省近年来主要的44个常规水稻品种和54个杂交水稻组合,共检测到等位基因68个,每个标记2~10个;带型数共127种,每个标记3~18种;平均多态性频率0.752,变幅为0.567~0905。常规品种和杂交组合均表现为亚种间遗传差异明显、亚种内遗传差异较小,籼型遗传多样性高于粳型。平均遗传相似系数,常规品种籼型为0.672,粳型为0.711,籼粳间为0.103,杂交组合籼型为0.636,粳型为0.669,籼粳间为0.343。聚类分析显示,以遗传相似系数0.618为阈值将常规品种分成6类,以0.601为阈值将杂交组合分成7类,且多数同类型品种或组合聚为同一类。 相似文献
11.
Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
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Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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Tatiana G. Polotow Sandra C. Poppe Cristina V. Vardaris Douglas Ganini Maísa Guariroba Rita Mattei Elaine Hatanaka Maria F. Martins Eduardo F. Bondan Marcelo P. Barros 《Marine drugs》2015,13(10):6117-6137
Health authorities worldwide have consistently recommended the regular consumption of marine fishes and seafood to preserve memory, sustain cognitive functions, and prevent neurodegenerative processes in humans. Shrimp, crabs, lobster, and salmon are of particular interest in the human diet due to their substantial provision of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3/PUFAs) and the antioxidant carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA). However, the optimal ratio between these nutraceuticals in natural sources is apparently the key factor for maximum protection against most neuro-motor disorders. Therefore, we aimed here to investigate the effects of a long-term supplementation with (n-3)/PUFAs-rich fish oil, ASTA-rich algal biomass, the combination of them, or krill oil (a natural combination of both nutrients) on baseline redox balance and neuro-inflammation indexes in cerebellum and motor cortex of Wistar rats. Significant changes in redox metabolism were only observed upon ASTA supplementation, which reinforce its antioxidant properties with a putative mitochondrial-centered action in rat brain. Krill oil imposed mild astrocyte activation in motor cortex of Wistar rats, although no redox or inflammatory index was concomitantly altered. In summary, there is no experimental evidence that krill oil, fish oil, oralgal biomass (minor variation), drastically change the baseline oxidative conditions or the neuro-inflammatory scenario in neuromotor-associated rat brain regions. 相似文献
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Youna Hemery Ulla Holopainen Anna-Maija Lampi Pekka Lehtinen Tanja Nurmi Vieno Piironen Minnamari Edelmann Xavier Rouau 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011
Wheat bran is a composite material made of several layers, such as pericarp, testa and aleurone. It could be fractionated into purified fractions, which might either be used as food ingredients, or serve as a starting material for extraction of bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of using electrostatic separation as a way to obtain purified fractions from wheat bran. Ultrafine-ground bran obtained either by cryogenic grinding or by grinding at ambient temperature was used as starting material. The ultrafine bran was then charged by tribo-electrification and introduced in a chamber containing two high voltage electrodes, where bran particles were separated depending on their acquired charge, allowing positively and negatively charged fractions to be collected separately. The particle size distribution, microstructure and biochemical composition of the obtained fractions were studied. The charge of the particles was influenced by their biochemical composition: particles rich in highly branched and cross-linked arabinoxylans (pericarp) were separated from particles rich in β-glucan, ferulic acid and para-coumaric acid (aleurone cell walls). The testa and the intracellular compounds from aleurone were not highly charged, neither positively nor negatively. The most positively charged fraction represented 34% of the initial bran, and contained 62% of the ferulic acid present in the initial bran. The yield of the separation process was good (5.4% loss), and could be further increased. 相似文献
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M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
19.
Alexander N. Shikov Elena V. Flisyuk Ekaterina D. Obluchinskaya Olga N. Pozharitskaya 《Marine drugs》2020,18(11)
Marine organisms represent an excellent source of innovative compounds that have the potential for the development of new drugs. The pharmacokinetics of marine drugs has attracted increasing interest in recent decades due to its effective and potential contribution to the selection of rational dosage recommendations and the optimal use of the therapeutic arsenal. In general, pharmacokinetics studies how drugs change after administration via the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). This review provides a summary of the pharmacokinetics studies of marine-derived active compounds, with a particular focus on their ADME. The pharmacokinetics of compounds derived from algae, crustaceans, sea cucumber, fungus, sea urchins, sponges, mollusks, tunicate, and bryozoan is discussed, and the pharmacokinetics data in human experiments are analyzed. In-depth characterization using pharmacokinetics is useful for obtaining information for understanding the molecular basis of pharmacological activity, for correct doses and treatment schemes selection, and for more effective drug application. Thus, an increase in pharmacokinetic research on marine-derived compounds is expected in the near future. 相似文献
20.
Alejandro Carlos Tozzini María Fernanda Ceriani María Verónica Saladrigas H. Esteban Hopp 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):317-324
Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets
that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and
slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging
toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta.
Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X1 (also called RXact). 相似文献