共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
[目的]以无人机高清影像为数据源,结合样地实地调查数据,研究杨树冠幅提取及其与胸径和林分蓄积量的相关性,为无人机森林调查技术提供一种思路和方法。[方法]基于无人机高分影像及实地调查数据,采用面向对象法,对杨树林木冠幅进行分割与提取,通过实地测量数据建立冠幅-胸径模型,利用一元材积表计算样地蓄积量,并进行相关性分析与精度检验。[结果]影像分割效果良好,但提取得到的冠幅比实际值偏小,研究区最适宜的杨树冠幅分割尺度为10,平滑度0.1,紧致度0.5。杨树冠幅与胸径建立相关模型,其中一元线性方程拟合效果最好,相关系数为0.75。通过模型计算的样地蓄积与实测样地蓄积进行双侧T检验,结果 sig=0.0580.05,两组数据差异不显著。[结论]采用面向对象法,通过无人机高分影像能自动分割并提取了杨树林木冠幅信息,提取效果良好;利用影像提取林木平均冠幅,通过冠幅-胸径相关关系模型得到林木胸径,进而推算林分蓄积的方法可以满足森林资源调查精度要求。 相似文献
2.
以长白山过伐林区金沟岭林场的云冷杉林4个局级固定样地连续12年的观测数据为研究对象,利用固定样地内主要针叶树种红松、冷杉和云杉,从1978年到1984年6年内的胸径与定期平均生长量对应值数据,建立林木径阶生长转移概率模型,预估林木径阶平均生长量,并利用1990年观测数据进行检验,结果表明:所建概率模型实际应用误差较小,精度较高;同时还分析了1978年至1990年12年间云冷杉林的枯损林木株数分布特征,通过模型模拟和检验,表明Weibull分布函数适用于异龄混交林的枯损株数分布模拟。 相似文献
3.
基于无人机数据的人工林森林参数估测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《林业资源管理》2019,(5):61-67
无人机凭借低成本、高精度的优势在森林资源调查中被广泛应用,基于无人机高分影像及点云数据的森林主要参数估测及评价方法研究,可以为无人机技术在人工林调查中的推广应用提供科学参考。选取南京林业大学树木园内东方杉(Taxodium mucronatum)人工实验林为研究对象,以2018年无人机高分影像、点云数据以及地面实测数据为主要信息源,通过局部最大值以及种子点分割的方法对株数、树高、冠幅、郁闭度等森林参数进行提取,并进行精度检验。研究结果表明:1)提取的株树探测率为0.92,株数准确率为0.97,F参数为0.95。2)单木树高估测的决定系数(R~2)为0.795 7,均方根误差(RMSE)为0.594 0;单木冠幅直径的决定系数(R~2)为0.800 8,均方根误差(RMSE)为0.897 8。3)提取的总冠幅的提取率达到0.95,准确率达到0.93,f参数达到0.94。4)提取的样地郁闭度相对误差只有0.32%。基于无人机高分数据及少量地面实测数据的人工林主要参数估测,可以在很大程度上替代全林实测,在人工林中具有较大的推广价值。 相似文献
4.
5.
《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,(5)
以湖南省攸县黄丰桥林场Worldview-2影像和地面样地调查数据为基础,采用Mean shift算法对影像进行多尺度分割,提取杉木人工林林木冠幅信息,共提取有效林木冠幅227个,并对提取的冠幅边界信息进行平滑处理。分析调查数据中实测冠幅与影像提取冠幅之间的相关性,结合实测胸径、树高与冠幅的关系,应用曲线估计、非线性联立方程组以及基于哑变量的非线性联立方程组分别建立树高和胸径的最优估算模型,并进行了精度评价。结果表明:将树高与胸径作为哑变量,并进行数量化分级建立的影像冠幅与胸径、树高的非线性误差变量联立方程组模型的拟合效果要优于其他2种方法,树高和胸径模型决定系数R2H和R2D分别为0.899和0.913。模型的适用性检验表明,模型的变动系数、平均百分标准误差均在10%以内,具有较强的稳健性。 相似文献
6.
近天然落叶松-云冷杉林树种竞争关系的变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以4块落叶松-云冷杉间伐实验样地为对象,采用6个与距离无关的竞争指标,研究林木竞争状态在20年间(1986～2006年)的变化及间伐的影响。结果表明,落叶松为主要树种,竞争能力最强,其竞争压力主要来自种内,红松和其他阔叶树的竞争能力有逐渐增强的趋势,因此,随着林分生长,落叶松的竞争主体地位受到了来自其他针叶树云冷杉、红松及阔叶树种的威胁。该林分竞争关系近期相对稳定,但有从落叶松-云冷杉林向阔叶树及红松林发展的趋势。间伐影响种间竞争关系和林分平均竞争水平,影响程度与间伐对象的选择与间伐强度有关。林分竞争水平随间伐强度的增加而降低,但会逐渐恢复。 相似文献
7.
基于VirtuoZo系统对林木冠幅信息的提取 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对目前林木冠幅信息人工测量高误差低效率的现状,本文基于1：10000的数字航空相片影像,采用专业的数字摄影测量平台VirtuoZo提取了林木冠幅信息。选取凉水国家级自然保护区17林班18小班内第32号固定样地为测图区,通过立体模型的内定向、相对定向和绝对定向构建测区的立体像对,并在立体像对上量测了样地内各林木的东西和南北冠幅。结果表明：林木冠幅的数字摄影测量的相关系数均大于0．85,具有较好的正相关性。因此应用全数字测量系统VirtuoZo提取冠幅因子具有可行性,能够减少外业工作量,但测量精度受到航摄参数、环境因素和判读员经验等因素影响。 相似文献
8.
基于UAV遥感的单木冠幅提取及胸径估算模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《林业资源管理》2021,(3)
在森林资源调查中冠幅和胸径是重要的测树因子,自动获取冠幅和胸径值可以提高森林资源调查效率。以云南松为研究对象,基于无人机影像自动提取单木冠幅参数,拟合不同密度等级样地的单木冠幅和树冠面积与胸径的关系以估测单株胸径。首先利用标记控制分水岭分割算法对样地冠层高度模型(CHM)中的单株树冠进行分割,获取最大、最小冠幅和树冠面积,并与实测数据进行精度评价,然后将提取冠幅与树冠面积与实测胸径进行拟合,建立不同密度等级样地的一元回归模型和二元回归模型。结果表明:单木树冠分割准确率为86.26%,冠幅相对误差平均值为6.04%,冠幅面积的相对误差平均值为11.23%;在拟合的模型中,冠幅树冠面积-胸径模型的拟合效果最好,决定系数均在0.7以上,该模型验证数据相对误差均不超过5%,符合A类森林资源调查胸径误差值低于5%的要求。提出的基于无人机影像提取冠幅及预测树木胸径的方法较为准确,可推动森林资源调查自动化发展。 相似文献
9.
使用无人机和智能手机分别从空中和地面拍摄的样地林分影像构建三维点云模型，并从三维点云模型中获取样地内单木树高和胸径参数。本研究以池杉人工林为研究对象，利用PhotoScan Agisoft软件对无人机倾斜摄影和智能手机近景摄影的样地影像进行三维重建，通过对齐照片、控制点刺点、对齐优化、建立密集点云等步骤，构建出与样地实景相符的三维点云模型；通过LiDAR 360软件从样地三维点云模型中获取单木的树高和胸径参数，将其与实地测量获取的单木树高和胸径参数进行对比分析。利用无人机和智能手机影像构建的三维模型可以满足《数字航空摄影测量测图规范》的精度要求。通过实测数据和点云数据获取的树高和胸径的平均差值分别为-0.9 m和-0.8 cm,平均相对误差分别为5.4%和7.1%。以实测数据作为自变量x,以点云数据作为因变量y,树高和胸径回归模型的R2分别为0.809 5和0.918 4。将倾斜摄影和近景摄影的点云模型统一在同一空间参考基准下可构建出与样地实景相匹配的三维点云模型，从样地三维点云模型中获取的单木树高和胸径与实地测量结果具有较好的线性相关性，本研究所使用的方法可以代... 相似文献
10.
基于混合模型的单木断面积生长模型 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
森林生长观测数据常常具有层次结构、重复测量等特点,因而不满足普通回归分析中的独立性假设,会得到有偏的参数估计,包含随机效应的混合模型可以灵活地处理这一问题.本文采用混合模型方法,建立东北近天然落叶松云冷杉林中落叶松、红松、云杉、冷杉、慢阔(色木、水曲柳、椴树和枫桦)和中阔(白桦、榆树和杂木)6个树种组的单木5年断面积生长模型.数据来自于20个长期固定观测样地,共得到10756个观测数据,其中随机抽取15个样地的8 034个数据用于建模,其他5个样地的2 722个数据用于模型验证.建立的模型与距离无关,不需要年龄和立地指数.结果表明:起初胸径、林分密度、立地因子和与距离无关的竞争指数都是显著影响林木生长的因子,在实际调查中,这些数据很容易得到;样地内的树木效应在所有模型中均显著;样地间的随机效应只在落叶松模型中显著.与传统的固定效应模型相比,考虑层次结构的混合效应模型显著地改善了模型的表现,决定系数从0.38～0.64提高到O.85～O.89,误差、均方根误差及其相对值均显著减少.模型有一定的生物学意义和统计可靠性. 相似文献
11.
Summary This study compared the susceptibility of five UK‐grown conifer species to colonization by sapstain fungi in two trials carried out in consecutive years. The conifers consisted of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi), Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta). Freshly cut 1‐m logs were exposed to the available inoculum of sapstain fungi from April to August in a woodland environment in the south east of England. Logs of each species were removed after 1‐, 2‐ and 4‐month exposure and sampled destructively to assess the amount of sapstain. In the second trial, per cent moisture content and concentrations of nitrogen, carbohydrate and phenolic compounds in the sapwood were also measured at the start and end of the trial. After 2 months, only the sapwood of both pine species had significant levels of sapstain; mean values of 37% and 19% for lodgepole pine (year 1 and year 2 respectively) and 12% and 1% for Scots pine. After 4 months, the levels of sapstain in both pine species exceeded 60% in both years. By contrast, very little sapstain developed in the other conifer species with maximum mean values of 10% for Norway spruce, 3.5% for larch and less than 1% for Sitka spruce. Overall, the moisture content of the logs decreased progressively in all species over the length of the trial. However, pine logs tended to retain higher levels of moisture throughout the trial compared with spruce or larch. The relatively higher moisture content of pine sapwood may be closer to the optimal moisture content that sapstain fungi require for infection and colonization, thereby contributing to the increased susceptibility of pine compared with the other conifer species. The pine logs also suffered from some colonization by bark beetles (Ips sexdentatus), which increased the inoculum potential and the opportunity for colonization by sapstain fungi. In addition, particular phenolic compounds in conifer sapwood may play a role in determining the resistance of some species to sapstain. Notably the most resistant species, Sitka spruce, was the only softwood that still retained detectable levels of phenolics in the sapwood to the end of the trial. 相似文献
12.
13.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(4):336-345
The aim of this study was to examine whether pre-classification (stratification) of training data according to main tree species and stand development stage could improve the accuracy of species-specific forest attribute estimates compared to estimates without stratification using k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) imputations. The study included training data of 509 training plots and 80 validation plots from a conifer forest area in southeastern Norway. The results showed that stratification carried out by interpretation of aerial images did not improve the accuracy of the species-specific estimates due to stratification errors. The training data can of course be correctly stratified using field observations, but in the application phase the stratification entirely relies on auxiliary information with complete coverage over the entire area of interest which cannot be corrected. We therefore tried to improve the stratification using canopy height information from airborne laser scanning to discriminate between young and mature stands. The results showed that this approach slightly improved the accuracy of the k-NN predictions, especially for the main tree species (2.6% for spruce volume). Furthermore, if metrics from aerial images were used to discriminate between pine and spruce dominance in the mature plots, the accuracy of volume of pine was improved by 73.2% in pine-dominated stands while for spruce an adverse effect of 12.6% was observed. 相似文献
14.
Water soluble polysaccharides from Norway spruce, Scots pine, and Siberian larch were compared. For all species the total amount of polysaccharides isolated from the heartwood was higher than that from the sapwood. The heartwood polysaccharides had a high content of galactose and arabinose units, and some glucuronic acid units, suggesting the presence of acidic arabinogalactans. The total amounts of recovered water-soluble arabinogalactans were 1.9 mg/g for spruce heartwood, 5.3 mg/g for pine heartwood, and as much as 106 mg/g for larch heartwood. The other water-soluble polysaccharides were mainly glucomannans. The average ratio of Gal:Ara:GlcA in the water-soluble arabinogalactans of spruce heartwood was about 4.3:1:1, pine heartwood about 4.5:1:0.2, and larch heartwood about 6.7:1:0.1. The corresponding molar ratios then being about 3.6:1:0.8 for spruce, 3.8:1:0.2 for pine, and 5.6:1:0.08 for larch. Thus, the content of glucuronic acid units was especially high in the spruce heartwood arabinogalactans. The content of arabinose was slightly higher in spruce and pine than in larch heartwood arabinogalactans. 相似文献
15.
lNTRoDUCTloNInChina,onlyafewexperimentshavebeenperfbrmedtotestinsecticidessusceptibletopreventconesandseedsfrominsectdamage(Anonymousl986,GaoBuquetal.l99l,YueShukuil992,LiuYikong1993).Moreover,thesetestsonlyconsistedofsprayingchemi-cals,thatmayinduceharInfulconsequencesuponenvironment.TheintensifiedeffoftofafforestationinNortleasternChinarecentlyrequiredtoestablishlnyenumbersofseedorchards,aswellasparent-trCestands,inordertoprovideforesterswithhigh-qualityseeds,especiallyinlarch.Thispr… 相似文献
16.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):237-246
Rate of growth and wood properties of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) were investigated in triplet mixtures with lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Loud.) (Alaskan provenance) and Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr.), established on nitrogen-deficient, iron pan soils. These ?nursing? mixtures were compared with pure stands of Sitka spruce that had been either regularly or periodically fertilized with nitrogen. Japanese larch promoted a growth rate in Sitka spruce greater than that achieved in the lodgepole pine-nursed spruce and equivalent to the two pure spruce treatments over the duration of the experiment (current age 28 yrs). Growth of regularly fertilized pure Sitka spruce was not significantly greater than that of periodically fertilized pure spruce. Alaskan lodgepole pine controlled branch size on the lower part of the spruce stems more effectively than the other treatments, although this may have been a function of tree size. Branch characteristics of Japanese larch-nursed spruce, however, were similar to those of the pure spruce treatments. Japanese larch caused an imbalance in crown development in the spruce, although it is unclear from the present study whether this will have an influence on stem and wood quality by the end of the rotation. Overall, the evidence from this study suggests that Japanese larch is an effective nurse of Sitka spruce on nitrogen-deficient iron pans, maintaining a rate of growth similar to that of pure Sitka spruce periodically fertilized with nitrogen and higher than that observed in spruce nursed by Alaskan lodgepole pine. 相似文献
17.
本研究以20块近天然落叶松云冷杉林为对象,基于4 309对实测树高-胸径数据,分树种(组)对31种常见的树高曲线进行了拟合.模型评价指标除考虑决定系数、均方误、平均误差、残差图外,还重点考虑模型的预测能力,即模型的预测区间和容许区间.结果表明:选出的树高曲线除落叶松和冷杉为线性模型外,其它均为三参数的Gompertzt和Logistic模型.研究给出了所选模型95%的预测区间及表示90%误差分布的容许区间,他们从统计上提供了模型将来用于预测的可靠性. 相似文献
18.
Crown architecture and growth allocation were studied in saplings of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.), a species classified as intermediate in shade tolerance. A comparison was made of 15 understory saplings and 15 open-grown saplings that were selected to have comparable heights (mean of 211 cm, range of 180-250 cm). Mean ages of understory and open-grown trees were 25 and 8 years, respectively. Understory trees had a lower degree of apical control, shorter crown length, and more horizontal branch angle, resulting in a broader crown shape than that of open-grown trees. Total leaf area was greater in open-grown saplings than in understory saplings, but the ratio of whole-crown silhouette (projected) leaf area to total leaf area was significantly greater in understory pine (0.154) than in open-grown pine (0.128), indicating that the crown and shoot structure of understory trees exposed a greater percentage of leaf area to direct overhead light. Current-year production of understory white pine was significantly less than that of open-grown white pine, but a higher percentage of current-year production was allocated to foliage in shoots of understory saplings. These modifications in crown structure and allocation between open-grown and understory white pine saplings are similar to those reported for more shade-tolerant fir (Abies) and spruce (Picea) species, but the modifications were generally smaller in white pine. As a result, white pine did not develop the flat-topped "umbrella" crown structure observed in understory fir and spruce, which approaches the idealized monolayer form that maximizes light interception. The overall change to a broader crown shape in understory white pine was qualitatively similar, but much more limited than the changes that occurred in fir and spruce. This may prevent white pine from persisting in understory shade as long as fir and spruce saplings. 相似文献
19.
Effect of drying methods on the discoloration of three major domestic softwood species in Korea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ho-yang Kang 《中国林学(英文版)》2006,8(3):48-50
1 Introduction Three major softwood species in Korea are Japanese pine (Pinus densiflora), Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) and larch (Larix leptolepis) which have been used for traditional buildings and furniture for a long period of time. They are easily discolored due to drying and UV irradiation. It has been observed that the discoloration varies with different drying methods and the extent of UV irradiation (Mottonen and Luostarinen, 2001; Kang, 2003). To prevent beech from discolorat… 相似文献