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为得到一种鉴别糯质谷子的分子标记方法,用于优质谷子糯质资源的利用及糯质品种的选育。通过对糯性谷子十里香与梗性谷子豫谷1号配制的F2群体的F3种子胚乳进行碘液检测,结果显示:深蓝色与棕红色胚乳单株数的比例符合3∶1,说明糯质对梗质是由单基因控制的隐性性状。利用糯质分型引物对十里香基因组进行PCR扩增和产物测序,结果表明,十里香的糯性是由Ⅳ型糯质基因控制,即由TSI-2转座子插入到淀粉合成酶基因(Si006103m)内元1形成。根据该糯质基因设计出2对In Del标记引物waxy-TSI2/int1和waxy-int1-1F/4R,扩增谷子基因组DNA,若waxy-TSI2/int1引物组合能扩增出984 bp的扩增片段,并且waxy-int1-1F/4R引物组合不能扩增出540 bp的扩增片段,则该材料为含Ⅳ型糯质基因的糯质谷子。最后,利用该标记组合从100份谷子资源中鉴定到2份属于Ⅳ型糯质基因控制的糯质材料。可见,该标记组合可以准确鉴别谷子Ⅳ型糯质基因。 相似文献
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The entire USDA‐ARS maintained collection of 650 accessions of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) was evaluated for the presence of accessions with waxy (amylose‐free) endosperm starch. Six accessions, five of which derived from mainland China, were identified. Segregation ratios for waxy endosperm were evaluated in F2 and F3 populations derived from crosses between two waxy accessions, PI 436625 (Lung Shu 16) and PI 436626 (Lung Shu 18), and several wild‐type accessions. The waxy trait was found to be under the control of duplicate recessive alleles at two loci, herein designated wx‐1 and wx‐2. Wild‐type alleles at these loci were designated Wx‐1 and Wx‐2. Iodine‐binding revealed a mean grain‐starch amylose concentration of 3.5% in waxy lines and 25.3% in wild‐type proso. Expression of the granule‐bound starch synthase (waxy protein) in waxy lines was reduced to approximately one‐tenth that of wild‐type accessions. The waxy accessions identified now are available for the introgression of this trait into breeding lines adapted to the Great Plains of North America. 相似文献
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陈相艳 《农产品加工．学刊》2011,(7):131-133
小米是我国重要粮食作物之一,小米加工产业在我国国民经济中占有重要地位。系统地介绍了小米加工产业的发展现状、面临的问题及发展趋势。 相似文献
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谷子（粟）对粒黑穗病的抗性及遗传分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
谷子不同品种对粒黑穗病的抗性差异很大，其中有７９．５％的品种属感病或高度感高类型。谷子抗粒黑穗病的遗传背景十分复杂，遗传方式为多基因控制的数量遗传，遗传力为３７．６６％，超亲遗传比较明显，双亲发病株率平均值和差值与Ｆ２高抗株率呈极显著的负相关，ｒ＝０．８４４６和ｒ＝０．８６３８，正确选配杂交组合对抗病育种的成败至关重要。 相似文献
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利用POX同工酶测定谷子(粟)品种对黑穗病的抗性 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用箱栽方法种植 12个抗病性不同的谷子品种 ,分析了芽苗过氧化物酶 (POX)活性及同工酶的变化。结果证明 ,对黑穗病免疫的品种接菌后POX活性平均提高 2 2 8%。越是易感病的品种接菌后POX活性提高得越多。感病品种平均提高 71 6 % ,高感品种平均提高 95 0 %。同工酶酶谱 ,免疫品种接菌后不变 ,越是易感病的品种接菌后酶谱变化越大。二维排序 ,免疫品种接菌与不接菌的两个点落在同一点上或附近 ,d值平均为 3 1。易感病品种的两点相去甚远 ,其中 ,感病品种平均d值 12 2 ;高感品种平均d值 13 2。采用芽苗POX同工酶测定谷子品种抗黑穗病性 ,简便快速 相似文献
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Wild-type Brassica oleracea L. have matte blue-green leaves caused by an interaction between leaf pigmentation and a waxy bloom coating the surface. Glossy mutants have reduced and/or altered epicuticular wax giving the leaves a shiny green appearance and have been identified in most B. oleracea crop varieties, including cauliflower, kale, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and collard. The genetic basis of glossy mutants has not been studied in B. oleracea. Glossiness can confer resistance to multiple herbivores mediated by modification of herbivore feeding behavior and foraging efficiency of their predators. The USDA-ARS-U.S. Vegetable Laboratory released two pairs of near-isogenic broccoli lines (NILs) that visibly differ only for glossiness, providing ideal germplasm for the genetic study of epicuticular wax in B. oleracea. Genotyping-by-sequencing resulted in hundreds of polymorphisms between each pair of NILs. Polymorphisms were identified in or near three different wax synthesis genes suggesting the two glossy mutants were caused by alteration of different steps of the pathway. 相似文献
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Polymorphism of waxy proteins in Iberian hexaploid wheats 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
A collection of 130 cultivars of bread wheat, 332 landraces of bread wheat and 144 spelt wheats was analysed for waxy proteins in the grain. The electrophoretic patterns showed very low polymorphism and most of the hexaploid wheats had the Wx-Ala, Wx-D1a and Wx-B1 alleles of ‘Chinese Spring’. Two alleles were detected at Wx-A1 (Wx-A1a, and Wx-A1b (null)), the latter was present in only 5.1% of the bread wheat landraces and 7.6% ofthe spelt wheats. No allelic variation was found at the Wx-D1 locus and all the hexaploid wheats had the Wx-D1a allele. Wx-B1 was the most polymorphic locus, with three alleles detected: Wx-B1a, Wx-B1b (null) and Wx-Blc coding for a Wx-B1 protein with a slightly different mobility from Wx-B1a. The null Wx-B1b allele was found in 10.8% of the bread wheat cultivars, 21.4% of the bread wheat landraces and 12.5% of the spelt wheats. Among the 604 hexaploid wheats analysed, only two bread wheat landraces (0.6%) and two spelt wheats (1.4%) had the null allele at both Wx-A1 and Wx-B1 loci. 相似文献
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Polymorphism of waxy proteins in Spanish durum wheats 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A collection of 547 durum wheats (103 cultivars and 444 landraces) from Spain was analysed for waxy protein composition. The electrophoretic patterns showed low polymorphism. At the Wx‐A1 locus, 99.8% of the wheats had the Wx‐Ala allele and only one had the null Wx‐Alb allele. The Wx‐Bl locus was more polymorphic and four different alleles were detected: Wx‐Bla (41.3%), Wx‐Blc (42.6%), a new allele, not detected before in bread wheat and named Wx‐Blf (16.0%), and the null Wx‐Blb allele, found for the first time in one durum wheat. Eleven durum wheats with different allelic composition at the Wx‐l loci were analysed for amylose content. Wheats with the Wx‐Bla allele had a lower amylose content than those with Wx‐Blc or Wx‐Blf. The lowest amylase content was found in the only durum wheat having the null Wx‐Blb allele. 相似文献
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鲜食糯玉米采后糖代谢变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【研究目的】了解鲜食糯玉米采后的糖代谢变化以及温度变化对糖代谢的影响。【方法】测定鲜食糯玉米采后的蔗糖、还原糖、直链淀粉、支链淀粉的含量变化。【结果】鲜食糯玉米采后的蔗糖、还原糖含量都有较大下降;采后第1d直链淀粉、支链淀粉和总淀粉的含量都达到峰值,之后直链淀粉变化不大,支链淀粉的含量略有下降,总淀粉含量呈增加趋势;与20℃贮藏温度对比,贮藏温度为0℃时蔗糖、还原糖含量、直链淀粉含量高,支链淀粉、总淀粉含量低。【结论】鲜食糯玉米采后可溶性糖向淀粉转化的合成代谢仍然占据主导地位,贮藏温度为0℃时能够延缓可溶性糖向淀粉,以及直链淀粉向支链淀粉的转化。 相似文献
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为筛选糯小米优质高产品种,2012年在乌当区进行了4个糯小米品种比较试验.结果表明：“施秉小米”单产最高,为350.83kg/667m2,显著高于“黄平小米”、“修文小米”和“本地小米”,其抗逆性强.说明“施秉小米”在乌当区生态条件下易获得高产,适宜大面积推广. 相似文献
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本文阐述了糜子籽粒灌浆的一般过程,并指出:粒重较大的品种灌浆速度明显高于粒重较小的品种,而灌浆历期无重要的差别。灌浆速度易受温度的影响,但是,同一品种在不同温度条件下,速度与时间具互补作用,使粒重保持在相似的水平上。穗重的差别亦取决于其增重速度而不是增重历期。不论穗重大小,同一品种千粒重相同,因此认为穗粒数 相似文献
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糯玉米做为乳熟期采收鲜食的蔬果玉米,其穗长、穗粗、鲜穗重都有严格的分级标准,对引入的 11个糯玉米进行品种比较试验,结果表明中糯 2号、 BFN768、白糯 2号其鲜穗长分别为 21cm、 21cm、 21cm,并分别达 K级标准.鲜穗粗分别为 4.75cm、 4.7cm、 4.6cm.鲜穗重分别为 344g、 325g、 250g,亦分别达 K级、 K级、L级标准.综合商品性状,上述 3个糯玉米品种为引入的 11个糯玉米品种中最好的. 相似文献
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<正>糯优918是贵州省遵义市百隆源农业科学研究所用不育系糯229A与恢复系糯恢918组配选育而成的一个杂交糯稻新品种,2015年通过贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号:黔审稻2015008号。1主要特征特性在贵州省遵义县三合镇种植生育期161d,株高116cm,每667m~2有效穗数14.5万,穗长24.9cm,每穗 相似文献
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直链淀粉含量对谷子淀粉粘滞特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用快速粘度分析仪（RVA）分析了东北地区新近培育的春谷新品种(系)淀粉粘滞性,结果表明不同品种(系)具有特征性RVA谱。以消减值可有效区分出品种(系)直链淀粉含量(AC)的高低。低AC 品种(系) 消减值一般较低,中等或高直链淀粉含量品种(系) 消减值较高。相近直链淀粉含量品种(系)间食用品质的优劣,可根据消减值和崩解值判断。RVA谱特性可望作为理化标记在优质谷子育种中发挥重要作用。 相似文献