共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Estelle Lerceteau Sophie Flipo James Quiroz Jorge Soria Vincent Pétiard Dominique Crouzilat 《Euphytica》1997,95(1):77-87
The quality of Ecuadorian cacao is presently threatened by the introduction of hybrid material. An estimation of genetic diversity
in Ecuador is required in order to avoid the loss of fine flavored cocoa. Genetic variability amongst 60 Ecuadorian genotypes
of Theobroma cacao has been evaluated using molecular and phenotypic markers. The two distance matrices derived from the molecular
and phenotypic data were found to be correlated (R2 = 0.5). Dynamic clustering analyses classified the genotypes in two or three groups depending on the markers used. The genotypes
coming from Sebasti{àn Arteaga (SA) and Balao Chico (BCH) plantations appeared related to each other suggesting a common genetic
origin. They also may be considered as a distinct group with high RFLP homozygosity. The EETP (Estací}on Experimental Tropical
Pichilingue of Ecuador) collection was comprised of more variable genotypes possessing variable heterozygosity levels. The
low heterozygous genotypes may be genetically related to SA and BCH trees, whereas the higher heterozygous genotypes may have
resulted from hybridizations between original Nacional material of Ecuador and genotypes imported from Trinidad at the beginning
of the century. Thus genetic introgression may have occurred giving rise to a range of variation between Nacional and hybrid
forms.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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旨在探索黄瓜种质资源的遗传多样性,为今后黄瓜选育优良品种提供可靠依据。以48份黄瓜种质资源为材料,用DPS软件对各品种的13个表型性状进行聚类分析,同时利用SRAP分子标记对其进行遗传多样性研究。结果表明:根据果实性状等形态学标记聚类分析得出,在阈值75.0处,可以将48份黄瓜种质资源分成5大类群。利用UPGMA法对SRAP分子标记结果聚类分析发现,黄瓜种质间的遗传相似系数在0.52~0.93之间,在遗传相似系数为0.64处,可以将其分成5大类群,形态学标记和SRAP分子标记的聚类结果存在较大差异。由此可见,SRAP分子标记较形态学标记能更好地分析品种间亲缘关系的远近,对黄瓜遗传多样性研究更具指导意义。 相似文献
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82份玉米自交系遗传多样性分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对种质资源进行遗传关系的研究和遗传多样性评价是玉米育种研究的重要内容,采用形态标记和SSR分子标记2种方法对82份玉米自交系进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明：用15个表型性状计算它们的欧式遗传距离,其平均遗传距离为50.57,变异范围为9.05~146.23,说明供试自交系遗传多样性丰富,以遗传距离38.06为界,将供试自交系分为6类,其聚类结果与其系谱来源的吻合程度较差;利用筛选出来的63对扩增条带清晰、多态性明显的SSR引物,在供试自交系中共检测出等位基因变异601个,每对引物检测到4~24个等位基因,平均为9.5个,每个位点多态性信息量(PIC值)变幅为0.4546~0.9169,平均为0.7529,遗传相似系数为0.5441~0.9334,平均为0.6673,以遗传相似系数0.6735为界,将82份自交系分为七大类,属于五大常见类群的自交系占84.1%,其中Reid群占32．9%,PB群占23.2%,Lancaster群占13.4%,塘四平头群占7.3%,旅大红骨群占7.3%,其他2个类群分别占11．0%和4.9%,其聚类结果与其系谱来源的吻合程度较高。 相似文献
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A. Badea F. Eudes R. J. Graf A. Laroche D. A. Gaudet R. S. Sadasivaiah 《Euphytica》2008,164(3):803-819
Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium species, is among the most devastating wheat diseases, causing losses in numerous sectors of the grain industry through yield
and quality reduction, and the accumulation of poisonous mycotoxins. A germplasm collection of spring and winter wheat, including
nine reference cultivars, was tested for Type II FHB resistance and deoxynivalenol (DON) content. Genetic diversity was evaluated
on the basis of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers linked to FHB resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and Diversity
Arrays Technology (DArT) markers. The allele size of the SSR markers linked to FHB resistance QTLs from known resistance sources
was compared to a germplasm collection to determine the presence of these QTLs and to identify potentially novel sources of
resistance. Forty-two accessions were identified as resistant or moderately resistant to Fusarium spread, and two also had very low DON concentrations. Genetic relationships among wheat accessions were generally consistent
with their geographic distribution and pedigree. SSR analysis revealed that several resistant accessions carried up to four
of the tested QTLs. Resistant and moderately resistant lines without any known QTLs are considered to be novel sources of
resistance that could be used for further genetic studies. 相似文献
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亚洲棉种质资源的SSR遗传多样性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对我国棉花中期库保存的200份不同地理来源的亚洲棉代表性样本进行了SSR遗传多样性分析,结果表明：亚洲棉分子水平的遗传多样性较高。83个多态性位点共检测到368个等位基因变异,其中多态性的等位基因数为329个,平均每个SSR位点3.964个。位点多态性信息量（PIC）变幅为0.010～0.882,平均0.578,PIC值大于0.7的标记有33个（占39.8%）。基因多样性（H′）变幅为0.031～2.163,有效等位基因数（Ne）变幅为1.010～8.496。华南棉区基因遗传多样性最高,其次为长江流域棉区、黄河流域棉区,从理论上支持被广泛接受的亚洲棉在我国的传播路线是由南到北,华南棉区是中棉种系的遗传多样性富集中心。利用软件NYSTS-pc2.20,采用类平均法(UPGMA)进行聚类分析,种质间SSR相似系数变幅为0.58～0.997,平均0.745,在阈值0.73处200份亚洲棉聚为8个类群,贵池小子棉白子单独聚为一群,与其他种质遗传距离较远。遗传距离和地理距离没有必然联系,但种质间亲缘关系处于极端远或极端近时,则地理距离一般也趋于较远或较近。 相似文献
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为了更加精确结球甘蓝迟抽薹基因标记。本研究以结球甘蓝冬性强的迟抽薹材料‘P02’和冬性弱的易抽薹材料‘A21’杂交得F1代,F1代自交至F3代为试验材料,并以课题组所设计的特定序列扩增(sequence characterized amplified regions, SCAR)标记的SCN1/248为引物。在F3代的785株结球甘蓝中有711株扩增出目的条带,有74株未能扩增出目的条带。经测序,该序列长度为248 bp,运用该序列共设计3对酶切扩增多态性序列(cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence, CAPS)引物,其中1对引物均扩增出目的条带,多态性消失,另外两对分别命名为SC01和SC02。结合田间127株结球甘蓝抽薹性状调查,有65株表现为迟抽薹,59株表现为易抽薹,3株表现为中间型,与SCAR扩增检测结果基本一致,将SCAR标记转换成CAPS标记,建立CAPS标记体系。本研究进一步精化了分子标记辅助选择,为做精确定位功能基因,选育优良的迟抽薹结球甘蓝品种提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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林木研究中常采用的分子标记技术主要包括RFLP、RAPD、AFLP、SSR及ISSR等。本文综述了这些分子标记技术的原理、优缺点。归纳总结了分子标记在木兰科植物中的应用研究进展:(1)利用RAPD、RFLP、cpDNA基因系列测定(psbA-trnH、atpB-rbcL、matK、ndhF)等分子标记在分子水平上对一些群体、个体进行了亲缘关系和分类研究;(2)利用RAPD、SSR和ISSR标记对一些群体、个体进行了遗传结构和遗传多样性研究;(3)采用DAF和RAPD获得了厚朴的DNA指纹图谱。分子标记在木兰科植物的其它方面的应用还很少。今后,除了继续对上述方面进行深入系统的研究外,还应充分运用分子标记技术,开展木兰科植物的分子遗传图谱、分子标记辅助选择育种、保育生物学等方面的研究。 相似文献
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黄瓜果实EST-SSR标记的开发 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
黄瓜EST序列数量的迅速增加为开发新的SSR标记提供了宝贵的数据资源.本研究从GeneBank上公布的黄瓜EST序列中检索到902条来自果实的序列,利用SSRIT软件分析得到63条包含SSR的EST序列,设计了37对EST-SSR引物,结果显示有9对引物在7份黄瓜自交系上扩增有多态,占所设计引物总数的24.3%,平均等位变异数为2.1个,7份自交系间C8和S06遗传相似系数最小为0.22.有27对引物在3份甜瓜上有扩增产物,其中1对引物扩增有多态.这为今后黄瓜基因组研究奠定了一定基础. 相似文献
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DNA分子标记是一种可以直接反映生物个体DNA水平差异的优良技术,自开发以来,在基因组作图和基因定位研究、基于图谱克隆基因、物种亲缘关系和系统分类中的应用等各个领域应用广泛。近年来,随着分子技术在应用过程中的不断完善、更新和发展,不同类型的DNA分子标记层出不穷。本综述基于反转录转座子的新型分子标记i PBS技术,介绍了iPBS分子标记的开发和基本的PCR反应体系,以及其在种质资源鉴定、遗传多样性研究、DNA指纹图谱构建、植物LTR类反转录转座子的序列分离等方面的应用和最新研究进展,以期为植物分子生物学研究及植物育种和改良提供参考。 相似文献
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The development and use of microsatellite markers for genetic analysis and plant breeding with emphasis on bread wheat 总被引：46，自引：0，他引：46
In recent years, a variety of molecular markers, based on microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) have become the
markers of choice, thus necessitating their development and use in a variety of plant systems. In this review, the basic principles
underlying different hybridization-based (oligonucleotide fingerprinting) and PCR based approaches (STMS, MP-PCR, AMP-PCR/
ISSR/ ASSR, RAMPs/ dRAMPs, SAMPL), making use of microsatellites, have been outlined. Different methods for enrichment of
genomic libraries for microsatellites have also been outlined. Relevant literature on the subject, giving a summary of results
obtained using each approach, has been reviewed and critically discussed. The review also includes a discussion on literature,
which deals with the use of microsatellites in genome mapping, gene tagging, DNA fingerprinting, characterization of germplasm
and cytogenetics research. Special emphasis has been laid on the genome of bread wheat, where the work done in the authors'
own laboratory has also been briefly reviewed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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小麦微卫星引物对多枝赖草基因组DNA扩增的研究 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
用227对小麦微卫星引物对多枝赖草基因组DNA进行PCR扩增，共有81对引物有扩增产物，占所用引物的35．7％。这81对小麦微卫星引物涉及101个微卫星位点，覆盖了小麦全部7个部分同源群。其中有76对引物可在多枝赖草和中国春及丰抗13问扩增出多态性标记。这说明多枝赖草虽然和普通小麦亲缘关系较远，但小麦SSR引物还是可以在多枝赖草上应用的，这不仅拓宽了小麦微卫星引物的使用范围，更重要的是为使用小麦微卫星引物对普通小麦与多枝赖草远缘杂交种质材料进行深入研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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M.J. Corazza-Nunes M.A. Machado W.M.C. Nunes M. Cristofani M.L.P.N. Targon 《Euphytica》2002,126(2):169-176
The genetic variability of 38 grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) and three pummelos (C. maxima (Burm.) Merr..) accessions was evaluated using RAPD, and single sequence repeat (SSR) analyses. Approximately49% of the 198 RAPD were polymorphic,
and 4.6 alleles per SSR loci were identified. PIC values changed from 0.093 to 0.450. A UPGMA phenetic tree was constructed
and two main grapefruit groups were identified. The grapefruit accessions `do Cabo' and `Siamesa-Filipinas'clustered very close to the pummelos in Group A. The Group B consisted of three sub-groups, which comprised all of the other
grapefruit accessions. The majority of grapefruit accessions showed a narrow genetic base suggesting that the observed morphological
polymorphism within the group must be associated with somatic mutations, which were not detected by these molecular markers.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) is a powerful technique which can readily be applied to a wide range of species for mapping purposes. AFLPs were added to a linkage map of durum wheat constructed using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). The mapping population included 65 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between the durum wheat cultivar ‘Messapia’ and accession ‘MG4343’ of the wild Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides (Körn.). Genomic DNA was digested with MseI (4‐cutter) and Sse83871 (8‐cutter). Using a silver‐staining protocol, 14 primer combinations revealed 421 clearly scorable amplicons including 100 polymorphisms. The presence of nine pairs of bands linked in repulsion phase with each pair generated by one primer combination suggested the presence of codominant alleles; sequence analysis of four band pairs confirmed their codominant nature. The integration of 80 AFLP loci extended the map in several telomeric regions, reduced the size of four large gaps present in the previous map, and eliminated one gap. The new map obtained after the inclusion of the 80 AFLP loci and eight additional RFLP loci spans 2063cM which represent a 52.6% increment compared with the previous map. Compared with the distribution of RFLPs, no significant clustering of AFLP markers was observed. 相似文献
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The availability of molecular markers linked to mildew resistance genes would enhance the efficiency of apple-breeding programmes. This investigation focuses on the identification of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to the Pl1 gene for mildew resistance, which has introgressed from Malus robusta into cultivated apples. The RAPD marker technique was combined with a modified ‘bulked seg-regant analysis’ mapping strategy. About 850 random decamer primers used as single primers or in combinations were tested by PCR analysis on the basis of resistant and susceptible DNA pools. Selected primers producing RAPD fragments were applied in an additional selection step to M. robusta and genotypes representing intermediate breeding stages of the breeding population 93/9, for which a 1:1 segregation could be observed for the resistance trait. Seven RAPD markers, all representing introgressed DNA sequences from M. robusta, were identified and arranged with the Pl1 locus in a common linkage group. The two most tightly-linked RAPD markers, OPAT20450 and OPD21000 were mapped with a genetic distance of 4.5 and 5 cM, respectively, from the Pl1 gene. Both markers are suitable for marker-assisted selection in apple breeding. The polymorphic DNA fragment OPAT20450 was cloned and sequenced, and longer primers for the generation of a sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker have been constructed; this marker was easier to score than the original RAPD marker. 相似文献
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Ganesh S. Newaskar Vivek P. Chimote Subhash S. Mehetre Ashok S. Jadhav 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(2):211-216
Cytological and molecular investigations were undertaken for parent and progeny derived from a trispecific line [2(Gossypium arboreum × G. anomalum) × G. hirsutum var. BWR], which was crossed with G. hirsutum var. JLH168. Cytomorphological analysis of the F1 (G. arboreum × G. anomalum), its amphidiploid and progeny from trispecies hybrid showed distorted ploidy segregation with monovalents to hexavalents and high intergenomic (small A2 and large B1) allosynthetic chromosome pairing. Microsatellite analysis identified three fragments associated with G. arboreum and G. anomalum and six fragments associated with G. hirsutum in derivates of the trispecies line × G. hirsutum var. JLH168. Inter‐Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) analysis revealed fragments of G. arboreum and G. anomalum, only in F1 and amphidiploid. Chromosomal association and microsatellite analysis of three progeny genotypes (i.e. haploid, hexaploid and tetraploid no. 1) confirmed that they share multigenomic background from the three cotton species (A2, AhDh and B1 genome). The interspecific hybrid cotton genotypes studied are likely to be useful for the introgression of genes from diploid species to commercial upland cultivars. 相似文献