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《中国兽医杂志》2015,(9)
为了解重庆市渝东地区规模猪场副猪嗜血杆菌感染程度及药敏谱,采用流行病学调查及正向血凝试验对梁平县、万州区、云阳县30头及以上母猪规模的31个规模养猪场进行副猪嗜血杆菌血清学检测及实验室分离鉴定与药敏试验。结果表明,重庆市渝东地区养猪业规模化程度和养殖水平总体偏低;副猪嗜血杆菌血清学阳性率平均为19.2%;万州区、梁平县及云阳县三区县规模猪场副猪嗜血杆菌阳性率分别为22.22%、20.84%、16.67%;该地区规模猪场之间、三区县间及各区县内各规模猪场间副猪嗜血杆菌阳性率差异均不显著(P0.05)。分离的3株疑似副猪嗜血杆菌菌株对头孢类、粘杆菌素类高度敏感;对四环素类、喹诺酮类、青霉素类药品明显耐药。规模猪场用药习惯、种猪来源地及保健方案直接影响重庆渝东地区副猪嗜血杆菌的耐药谱。 相似文献
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仁增旺姆 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2023,(3):53-55
为了了解海南藏族自治州共和县规模化猪场中仔猪副猪嗜血杆菌分离株的流行情况及对常用抗菌药的耐药情况。本试验于2022—2023年采集海南藏族自治州共和县规模化猪场中患疑似副猪嗜血杆菌病的仔猪鼻拭子、关节液、胸腔积液、肺脏等病料,共计283份。采用细菌分离鉴定、PCR方法对采集的病料进行副猪嗜血杆菌分离鉴定,采用人工感染小鼠试验验证分离株的致病性,采用纸片扩散法(Kirby-Bauer,简称K-B法)检测致病性副猪嗜血杆菌分离株对临床中常用抗菌药的耐药性。结果显示：从采集的283份病料中分离到128株副猪嗜血杆菌,通过致病试验显示,91株副猪嗜血杆菌能引起小鼠不同程度发病与死亡,为致病性菌株;分离的91株致病性副猪嗜血杆菌对磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、阿莫西林、氨苄西林等6种药物的耐药率为85.7%以上,对其他药物的耐药率为3.3%～25.3%,本研究为该地区仔猪副猪嗜血杆菌合理用药及防控提供参考。 相似文献
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本文报告了某猪场猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征与副猪嗜血杆菌混合感染的诊治。1病例介绍河北永清县某猪场共有繁殖母猪20头,种公猪1头,哺乳仔猪50头,保育仔猪50头,育肥猪80头,2011年12月10日起保育仔猪开始出现疑似猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征与副猪嗜血杆菌混合感染的症状,共有15头保育仔猪发病,死亡3头, 相似文献
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对广西部分规模化猪场中以呼吸道症状为特征的病猪开展病原菌调查,对分离出的常见病原菌进行药敏试验,旨在指导猪场能及时正确选择药物,降低疾病传播风险和减少经济损失。调查表明,收集的病料中分离出的病原菌主要包括猪链球菌、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌、巴氏杆菌、波氏杆菌和肺炎克雷伯杆菌,且呈现单一感染或混合感染,单一感染率为85.4%,其中猪链球菌感染的比例最大,达33.3.%,混合感染中,则以副猪嗜血杆菌和链球菌的混合感染率最高。同时分离出的4种常见细菌对22种猪场常用药物表现出不同程度的耐药性。 相似文献
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对3个猪场的4头呼吸道疾病综合征病猪肺脏(猪场分别编号A、B、C,其中猪场A 1头、猪场B 2头、猪场C 1头)进行猪肺炎支原体(Mhp)、副猪嗜血杆菌(Hps)和猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(App)PCR检测,进而进行细菌的分离鉴定和药敏试验。结果显示:4份病料中App和Mhp均为阴性,Hps在猪场A和C的病料中为阴性,猪场B病料中为阳性;在猪场A分离出奇异变形杆菌和猪链球菌各1株;猪场B分离出1株化脓隐秘杆菌、1株嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和1株奇异变形杆菌;猪场C分离出1株化脓隐秘杆菌和1株奇异变形杆菌。药敏试验结果显示:化脓隐秘杆菌对诺氟沙星、洛美沙星敏感,嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对恩诺沙星敏感,奇异变形杆菌对诺氟沙星、恩诺沙星敏感,猪链球菌对诺氟沙星、洛美沙星、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星敏感。小鼠致病性试验结果表明:变形奇异杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和化脓隐秘杆菌均能使小鼠出现一过性精神萎靡;猪链球菌引起试验小鼠全部死亡,具有较强致病力。 相似文献
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副猪嗜血杆菌在我国养猪场十分常见,保育猪感染该病可出现关节炎、脑膜炎等多种临床症状,且死亡率较高。此外,由于猪场抗菌药的不合理使用,大量耐药菌株的出现给猪场造成巨大经济损失。2019年11月初,湖南怀化某规模化猪场保育猪群爆发疑似副猪嗜血杆菌病,根据病猪临床症状与病理变化,结合实验室诊断结果显示该病为副猪嗜血杆菌感染所致,K-B纸片琼脂法药敏试验显示菌株对头孢噻呋、氟苯尼考、氧氟沙星、阿莫西林和卡那霉素高度敏感,对阿米卡星、头孢氨苄、新霉素、链霉素和四环素中敏,对环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、庆大霉素和青霉素高度耐药。通过对发病猪群肌肉注射氟苯尼考,同时对全猪拌饲阿莫西林,治疗一周后疫情得到有效控制。 相似文献
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Etsuko Ohta Yuko Nagayama Naoki Koyama Dai Kakiuchi Satoru Hosokawa 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2016,29(1):31-38
Plasmodium spp. protozoa cause malaria and are known to infect humans and a variety of animal species including macaque monkeys. Here we report both our experience with malaria recrudescence in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) in a toxicity study and the results of a survey on Plasmodium infection in cynomolgus monkeys imported to Japan for laboratory use. A cynomolgus monkey from the toxicity study presented with severe anemia and Plasmodium protozoa in erythrocytes on a thin blood smear and was subsequently diagnosed with symptomatic malaria. In this animal, congestion and accumulation of hemozoin (malaria pigment) in macrophages were noted in the enlarged and darkly discolored spleen. As a follow-up for the experience, spleen sections from 800 cynomolgus monkeys in toxicity studies conducted between 2003 and 2013 were retrospectively examined for hemozoin deposition as a marker of Plasmodium infection. The origin of the animals included Cambodia, China, Indonesia, and Vietnam. Hemozoin deposition was confirmed in 44% of all examined monkeys. Monkeys from Indonesia showed the highest incidence of hemozoin deposition (approx. 80%). A high prevalence of Plasmodium infection in laboratory monkeys was also confirmed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by using Plasmodium genus-specific primers. Although Japan is not a country with endemic malaria, it is important to be aware of the prevalence and potential impact of background infection with Plasmodium spp. and recrudescence of symptomatic malaria in imported laboratory monkeys on pharmaceutical toxicity studies. 相似文献
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J. O. D. Slocombe 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1974,38(1):18-21
During 1970, 93 abomasa from cattle in Ontario were examined, and from 63 of these abomasa nematode species of the genera Ostertagia, Haemonchus and/or Trichostrongylus axei were recovered. The abomasa were from cattle six months to two years of age and were collected either from the postmortem room at the Ontario Veterinary College or from two abattoirs near Guelph. The numbers of worms per abomasum were estimated and their genera were identified from a one-twentieth volume of the washings and contents. The prevalence of Ostertagia species was estimated by examining random samples of adult male worms. Morphological variations in the species of the genera Ostertagia and Haemonchus were estimated by examining random samples of adult females. The predominant nematode was Ostertagia ostertagi. Other Ostertagia species recovered were O. trifurcata, O. lyrata and O. circumcincta. The numbers of nematodes recovered were generally low. Adult Ostertagia females had well-developed vulvar flaps. However, in abomasa where adult male O. trifurcata and O. lyrata were found, some adult female Ostertagia worms had reduced or no vulvar flaps. In two abomasa, adult Haemonchus females had large pendulous or “linguiform” vulvar flaps, and adult males had mean spicule lengths of 517 and 512 μ and were, therefore, unlike any of the recognized Haemonchus species. 相似文献
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Toxoplasma gondii is a widely distributed zoonotic protozoan parasite, which can affect most warm-blooded species. Some species of non-human primates (NHPs) are highly susceptible to T. gondii infection. The aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in NHPs housed in zoos in Spain. Sera from 189 NHPs belonging to 33 species were collected in eight zoos. Additionally, 10 of the 189 animals were longitudinally sampled. Anti-T. gondii antibodies were detected in 48 NHPs (25.4%; confidence interval of 95% (CI95%): 19.2–31.6) using a modified agglutination test (MAT; cut-off = 25). Seropositive animals had titers of 25 (6.3%), 50 (8.3%), 100 (8.3%) and ≥500 (68.8%). Seropositivity was detected in 15 of the 33 species (45.5%). Of the 10 NHPs sampled more than once, two animals (one Barbary macaque [Macaca sylvanus] and one common chimpanzee [Pan toglodytes]) seroconverted along the study period, while one seropositive chimpanzee increased antibody titers over time. The Hominidae family (OR = 5.9; CI95%: 2.7–12.8) and sex (females) (OR = 2.1; CI95%: 1.1–4.1) were risk factors potentially associated with seropositivity to T. gondii. Our results evince a widespread circulation of T. gondii in NHPs in zoos in Spain, which may be of conservation concern. Control measures should be implemented to minimize the risk of exposure of these species to T. gondii. 相似文献
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Bovine anaplasmosis caused by Anaplasma marginale is a disease transmitted by ticks belonging to the Ixodidae family. Southern Italy is considered an endemic zone but environmental and social factors are changing the epidemiology of the disease to expand to previously anaplasmosis-free regions. The available data of published reports of anaplasmosis in Italy together with the data obtained by the National Centre of Reference for Anaplasma, Babesia, Rickettsia and Theileria (C.R.A.Ba.R.T.), allowed to report A. marginale infection in different Italian regions (Lazio, Marche, Campania, Puglia, Basilicata, Calabria, Lombardy, Tuscany, Umbria and Sicily). Cattle are also subject to infection with the related Ixodes ricinus-transmitted pathogen, Anaplasma phagocytophilum that results in reduced milk production in cattle. A. phagocytophilum infect also small ruminants, domestic and wild animals and causes the human granulocytic anaplasmosis. Different studies have been conducted on the presence of A. phagocytophilum in Italy both in the tick vectors and in the wild and domestic reservoirs. Contrary to A. marginale, the prevalence of A. phagocytophilum embraces the whole Italian territory from the Alps to the southern and insular regions. 相似文献
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Summary Mange caused byPsoroptes cuniculi was first recognised in goats in Fiji in 1977. Of 33 widely separated herds examined 16 were infested 4 herds having the extensive type lesions in older goats. Treatment of the skin and superficial ear lesions with malathion or gamma-BHC was successful but mites survived in the proximal parts of the ear canal. Re-appearance of the mites following treatment was a common problem.
Gale Psoroptique Chez Les Chevres, Aux Fidji
Résumé La gale causée parPsoroptes cuniculi a été reconnue pour la première fois aux Fidji, sur les chèvres, en 1927. Sur 33 troupeaux largement distants les uns des autres, 16 ont été reconnus comme étant infestés, les animaux les plus âgés de quatre d'entre aux présentant des lésions du genre extensif. Le traitement de la peau et des lésions superficielles des oreilles avec du malathion ou du gamma BHC a été un succès mais les acariens ont survécu dans les parties les plus proches du canal auditif. Le retour des acariens après traitement a été la régle.
Sarna Soroptica En Cabras En Fiji
Resumen El primer informe de la occurrencia de sarna soróptica (Psoroptes cuniculi) en Fiji se publicó en 1977. De 33 rebaños de cabras examinados se encontraron 16 infestados, cuatro de ellos con lesiones extensivas en animales viejos. El tratamiento de la piel y lesiones superficiales de las orejas con malathion o gamma BHC fué exitoso en la mayoría de los casos, sin embrago, los ácaros sobrevivieron en las partes proximales de los canales de las orejas. La reaparición de los ácatos despues del tratamiento fué un problema común.相似文献
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K. I. Altaif 《Tropical animal health and production》1974,6(1):55-57
Summary Twenty-five camels (Camelus dromedarius) were examined at Baghdad City abattoir. Of the 13 helminth species recorded,Trichostrongylus spp. were the most common, whileCamelostrongylus mentulatus and the hydatid larval cysts ofEchinococcus granulosus were also frequently found.Cooperia oncophora, Cooperia memasteri were recorded for the first time in Iraq. 相似文献
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K. Sjstrand G. Wess I. Ljungvall J. Hggstrm A‐C. Merveille M. Wiberg V. Gouni J. Lundgren Willesen S. Hans A‐S. Lequarr L. Mejer Srensen J. Wolf L. Tiret M. Kierczak S. Forsberg K. McEntee G. Battaille E. Seppl K. Lindblad‐Toh M. Georges Hannes Lohi V. Chetboul M. Fredholm K. Hglund 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(2):451-457
Background
Measurement of plasma concentration of natriuretic peptides (NPs) is suggested to be of value in diagnosis of cardiac disease in dogs, but many factors other than cardiac status may influence their concentrations. Dog breed potentially is 1 such factor.Objective
To investigate breed variation in plasma concentrations of pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide 31‐67 (proANP 31‐67) and N‐terminal B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) in healthy dogs.Animals
535 healthy, privately owned dogs of 9 breeds were examined at 5 centers as part of the European Union (EU) LUPA project.Methods
Absence of cardiovascular disease or other clinically relevant organ‐related or systemic disease was ensured by thorough clinical investigation. Plasma concentrations of proANP 31‐67 and NT‐proBNP were measured by commercially available ELISA assays.Results
Overall significant breed differences were found in proANP 31‐67 (P < .0001) and NT‐proBNP (P < .0001) concentrations. Pair‐wise comparisons between breeds differed in approximately 50% of comparisons for proANP 31‐67 as well as NT‐proBNP concentrations, both when including all centers and within each center. Interquartile range was large for many breeds, especially for NT‐proBNP. Among included breeds, Labrador Retrievers and Newfoundlands had highest median NT‐proBNP concentrations with concentrations 3 times as high as those of Dachshunds. German Shepherds and Cavalier King Charles Spaniels had the highest median proANP 31‐67 concentrations, twice the median concentration in Doberman Pinschers.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Considerable interbreed variation in plasma NP concentrations was found in healthy dogs. Intrabreed variation was large in several breeds, especially for NT‐proBNP. Additional studies are needed to establish breed‐specific reference ranges. 相似文献18.
Mediannikov O Davoust B Cabre O Rolain JM Raoult D 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2011,34(6):497-501
Bartonellae are gram-negative facultative intracellular alpha-proteobacteria from the family Bartonellaceae. The natural history of bartonellae consists of a reservoir/host, which is a vertebrate with chronic intravascular infection with sustained bacteremia, and a vector (usually an arthropod) that transfers the bacteria from the reservoir to a susceptible yet uninfected host. In order to reveal the sources and reservoirs of Bartonella infection in animals and vectors in New Caledonia, we collected the blood samples of 64 dogs, 8 cats, 30 bovines, 25 horses and 29 wild deer Cervus timorensis russa and 308 associated blood-sucking parasites (14 keds Hippobosca equina, 258 ticks (22 Rhipicephalus microplus, 235 Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and 1 Haemaphysalis longicornis), 12 fleas Ctenocephalides felis and 24 dog lice Trichodectes canis). We isolated ten strains of Bartonella: four Bartonella henselae from cats and six Bartonella chomelii from cattle. The strains were characterized by sequencing of five genes (16S, ITS, rpoB, gltA and ftsZ). The six strains isolated from cattle were close to the reference strain of B. chomelii and were, probably, imported from France with cattle of Limousin race. PCR showed that 35% of keds collected from deer and 31% of deer were infected by B. aff. schoenbuchensis; all other samples were negative. Our data confirmed that in New Caledonia, as in other regions of the world, cats are the major reservoirs of B. henselae. We also confirmed that Hippoboscidae flies may serve as the vectors of ruminant-associated bartonellae. 相似文献
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Msami HM Khaschabi D Schöpf K Kapaga AM Shibahara T 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(5):367-377
When goats in Eastern Tanzania were screened for skin diseases, Dermatophilus congolensis was isolated from the skin lesions in 8 of 484 animals examined. In one severely affected case, the disease was also characterized by histological studies (Gram stain, Giemsa stain and routine HE studies) and electron microscopy. The histological picture was characterized by hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, acanthosis, folliculitis and an inflammatory cellular reaction involving the epidermis. Gram stain and Giemsa stain revealed longitudinal and transverse branching filaments in the deeper layers of the epidermis. Ultrastructural studies demonstrated D. congolensis in various morphological forms, ranging from filamentous to tuber-shaped structures, mixed with numerous coccoid bodies of variable size. In some instances, the organisms were geometrically arranged in parallel rows of beading and were present in and among the degenerated epithelial cells. Several host cells showed degenerative changes. Ticks present on the goats were Amblyomma variegatum, Rhipicephalus evertsi, Rhipicephalus pravus and Boophilus sp. The clinical signs, pathological lesions, diagnosis, epidemiology and pathogenesis of the disease are discussed. 相似文献
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Summary Since no figures were available on the frequency of occurrence of oesophageal papillomata in cattle, the prevalence in cattle
in Kenya was determined by a random survey at the largest abattoir in the country. Interest was stimulated by the report of
Plowright (1955) and by the author's observations that oesophageal papillomata were present in cattle with rumenal carcinoma in the Nasampolai
valley, Kenya.
Oesophageal papillomata were found in46 of752 oesophagi examined (6·1 per cent). The cattle originated from various geographical areas of Kenya with varying climatic conditions and vegetation.
On secondment from the A.R.C. Institute for Research on Animal Diseases Compton, Berkshire, England.
This work was carried out during a period of secondment to the University of Nairobi Medical School, Nairobi, Kenya. 相似文献
Sumario Desde que no hubieron datos sobre la ocurrencia de papilomas en el esófago en ganado vacuno, su incidencia en el ganado bovino en Kenya fue determinada mediante una encuesta en el matadero mas grande del pais. El interés fue estimulado por el reporte de Plowright (1955) y por las observaciones de los autores de que papilomas en el esófago estaban presentes en ganado con carcinoma ruminal en el valle de Nasampolai en Kenya. Papilomas en el esófago fueron encontrados en 46 de 752 esófagos examinados (6·1 por ciento). El ganado se originaba de diversas areas de Kenya de diversas condiciones climáticas y de diversa vegetación.
Résumé Comme il n'existe aucune donnée disponible sur la fréquence de la papillomatose oesophagienne du bétail au Kenya, l'importance de cette affection a été déterminée par une enquête au hasard dans le plus grand abattoir du pays. L'intérêt de cette enquête découlait grandement du rapport de Plowright (1955) et des observations des auteurs qui avaient montré que la papillomatose oesophagienne se trouvait associée au carcinome du rumen chez le bétail de la Vallée de Nasampolai au Kenya. Cette papillomatose fut trouvée sur 46 des 752 oesophages examinés (6,1 p. 100). Ces animaux venaient des régions très diverses du Kenya, dans lesquelles les conditions climatiques et la végétation étaient différentes.
On secondment from the A.R.C. Institute for Research on Animal Diseases Compton, Berkshire, England.
This work was carried out during a period of secondment to the University of Nairobi Medical School, Nairobi, Kenya. 相似文献