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思茅松3种密实化改性材物理性质比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
密实化是提升低密度人工林材品质、拓展其用途的重要途径之一。以思茅松为研究对象,在考察水抽提处理对其可浸渍性影响的基础上,分析比较了糠醇化、机械压缩以及两者联合等3种密实化改性方式对其剖面密度、吸湿性、24 h吸水性和吸水厚度膨胀率的影响。结果表明:1)水抽提处理有助于提高思茅松材的可浸渍性,质量增加率可以提高11.35%,而且剖面密度分布存在显著差异;2)浸渍可均匀提高木材厚度上的密度,机械压缩促使思茅松材形成了内高外低的密度分布,联合改性材剖面密度的分布特征类似于压缩密实化材,但内外层间的过渡更为平缓;3)糠醇浸渍可以显著降低木材的吸水性和吸湿性,机械压缩对木材吸湿性的影响不明显,但其吸水率稍高,因糠醇树脂的原因,联合改性材的吸湿吸水性均显著下降;4)糠醇浸渍可以显著降低木材的吸水厚度膨胀率,对压缩密实化材具有较好的定型作用,联合改性材的24 h吸水厚度膨胀率为3.3%,接近于对照材的4.1%,而压缩材为24.7%,糠醇浸渍材只有0.4%。同时,水溶液的酸碱性对木材的吸水行为也有影响。综上,糠醇化与压缩密实化的联合改性非常有潜力用于速生低密度松木材的增值加工,而热水抽提处理可以作为提高松木糠醇浸渍的预处理手段。 相似文献
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酚醛树脂处理杨木、杉木尺寸稳定性分析 总被引：17，自引：5，他引：17
采用酚醛树脂浸渍处理人工林杨木、杉木,然后通过热压定型工艺制得表面密实化木材。对其尺寸稳定性的分析结果表明:处理试材的增重率、抗胀率和阻湿率随树脂浓度的增加而成比例增大,弦向和径向干缩率明显降低,在树脂浓度较低时变化较大,当达到一定量时变化趋于稳定。就压缩变形恢复率而言,当树脂浓度超过10%,压缩变形恢复率很小,说明表面密实化木材的压缩变形几乎被固定。 相似文献
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人工林软质木材表面密实化新技术 总被引：16，自引：7，他引：16
采用一种新型木材改性处理剂，分别以改性异氰酸酯浓度5％、10％、15％、20％，对美国人工林火炬松（Pinus taeda）进行表面密实化处理。结果表明，随着树脂浓度的增加，无论是冷水浸泡还是煮沸，木材的吸水厚度膨胀率和压缩变形恢复率明显降低。表面密实化后，火炬松处理材的MOR和MOE值分别比素材提高43．9％和30．1％；水浸24h和煮沸2h后的湿状抗弯性能比素材略低，干状抗弯性能明显比素材高，MOR分别高28．0％和25．76％；MOE分别高22．55％和27．79％。改性异氰酸酯浸渍处理后的表面密实化木材，具有一定的阻燃效果；表面耐磨耗性能和表面硬度亦明显改善。 相似文献
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《林业工程学报》2016,(2)
压缩密实化是提升低质木材品质的有效手段,但遇水回弹是其主要技术难题,本研究旨在探讨糠醇树脂浸渍实现压缩木定型与改性同步的技术可行性。以西南乡土树种乡城杨木材为对象,研究了糠醇浸渍处理对其压缩材吸水性、尺寸稳定性、颜色和力学性质的影响,并以后期热处理的影响作为对照进行比较。结果表明:糠醇浸渍增重44.8%,能降低压缩木吸水率63%,提升其尺寸稳定性,吸水厚度回弹率只有4.38%~5.97%;相比于未压缩杨木,糠醇浸渍压缩材的抗弯强度和表面硬度显著提高,增幅分别为89.1%和131.1%,但抗弯弹性模量只增加16.1%;糠醇浸渍的压缩材具有酷似热带硬阔叶材的深色,明度和黄蓝度降幅大;相比于后期热处理,糠醇浸渍对压缩材的定型效果略佳,且力学性质明显较优。因此,糠醇树脂浸渍技术不仅能良好固定压缩木变形,还可显著增强低质木材的力学性质,同时具有环境友好性。 相似文献
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利用聚乙烯醇缩甲醛复合改性剂对杨树木材进行浸渍改性处理,对比研究了杨树素材与改性材的物理性能及主要力学性能的变化,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了改性剂在改性材中的分布情况。结果表明:改性材的气干密度和抗缩系数(PASE)随改性剂浓度的上升而增加,改性材的气干密度最高为0.41 g/cm3,比素材的提高了13.9%,抗缩系数(PASE)最大提高到47.8%。改性材吸水率随改性剂浓度的上升而下降,与素材相比最大下降了19.2%。当改性剂的浓度为25%时,改性材的弹性模量和静曲强度达最大,分别为27.4%和13%。SEM分析显示改性剂填充于部分木射线以及交错纤维间的空隙中。 相似文献
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Highly hydrophobic bulk wood was successfully prepared by grafting long-chain octadecyl isocyanate (OTI) onto wood cell walls via a urethane linkage. The resulting wood was highly hydrophobic and showed significantly reduced surface free energy. The microstructure and chemical composition of the untreated and treated wood were characterized using the scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The hydrophobic property of the wood was characterized using contact angle measurements. The mechanical and physical properties as well as the chemical durability of the highly hydrophobic wood were evaluated. The results suggested that the resultant OTI-treated wood presented fairly low surface free energy, high hydrophobicity even in the wood core, and excellent stability and durability against chemical corrosion and mechanical abrasion. Furthermore, the physical properties, including self-cleaning, dimensional stability, and water uptake, were significantly improved in the treated wood. 相似文献
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Xiaoqian Wang Fang Wang Zhiming Yu Yang Zhang Chusheng Qi Lanxing Du 《Journal of Wood Science》2017,63(3):271-280
The use of multifunctional wood for decorative purpose has grown increasingly popular in recent years. In this study, fast-growing poplar wood was treated with dye (0.5%) and flame retardant (0, 10, 20, and 30%) simultaneously to enhance its visual characteristic and safety. The dynamic wettability and surface free energy of wood samples were studied using S-D wetting model and van Oss–Chaudhury–Good (vOCG) method, respectively. Dye uptake, drug load, color difference, and combustion performance were determined. The treated wood was also characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results indicated that the proposed treatment yields favorable adhesive spreading and penetration ability at the wood surface. The surface free energy of treated wood was higher than that of untreated wood, and the dye uptake, drug load, color difference, and limited oxygen index all increased after the proposed combination treatment compared to dye-only treated wood. The results also indicated that the flame retardant reacted chemically with the wood as the dye and flame retardant molecules diffused into the cell cavity, wood vessel, and aperture. 相似文献
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壳聚糖前处理提高木材表面染色效果的研究 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10
本文采用壳聚糖对木材表面进行前处理后，然后按不同树种，同一染料和同一树种，不同染料两种方式进行染色试验。结果表明：不同树种壳聚糖处理与未处理材的染色效果相比，处理材染色均一，没有色斑，颜色浓深，木材纹理清晰，当采用酸性红Ｇ染色，处理材明度减小，色饱和度增加，色差和色相差变化均很大；同一树种的处理材用不同染料染色，效果不同，亮色系染料染色效果较暗色系染料好。 相似文献
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采用胸径木芯与伐倒木取样方法,对24年生长白落叶松优树子代测定林14个处理的生长性状、木芯材质性状、解析木材质性状及其制浆造纸特性进行了研究,结果表明:生长性状、木芯基本密度、木芯管胞性状均存在丰富的变异;家系间生长性状差异极显著;木芯基本密度、木芯管胞性状差异显著,家系遗传力在0.56 0.80之间;解析木基本密度、早材微纤丝角、管胞长度、早材壁腔比、木质素、阿拉伯糖含量、抗张强度、撕裂度等差异极显著,家系遗传力在0.64 0.86之间;晚材率、管胞长宽比、综纤维素含量等差异显著,家系遗传力在0.51 0.61,家系水平的材性改良潜力较大。生长性状与木芯管胞长度呈极显著正相关,与木芯基本密度、管胞长宽比相关不显著;木芯基本密度、管胞长度、管胞宽度以及管胞长宽比与解析木相应性状呈极显著正相关关系,且回归模型较为理想,可以利用胸径木芯各性状值预测其单株值,间接选择和评价纸浆材优良家系。通过生长性状、木芯基本密度和木芯管胞长宽比综合分析选出166、169为优良家系,根据解析木生长、材质以及纸张物理性状选出的优良家系与其结果一致。优良家系材积、木芯基本密度和木芯管胞长宽比的遗传增益(超过对照)分别为48.34%(38.80%)、14.01%(3.63%)和19.89%(6.42%)。 相似文献
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13种杨树木材物理力学性质的研究 总被引：14，自引：3，他引：14
采集1－69杨等10种黑杨的9年生试材，易县毛白杨等3种白杨的13年生试材，测试木材物理力学性能，分析心边材，不同树高位置，株间的变化规律，比较品种间木材性质的差异，试验结果表明，13种杨树全树木材心材率在14．6－34．1％，之间，生材含水率在86．2－148．5％之间，由生材干燥至含水率为12％所产生的干缩率在8．66％－11．96％这间，气干密度属低类或很低类，强度属弱类，硬度属软类或甚软类，冲击韧性中等；黑杨心材颜色深，心边材性质差异大，白杨心材颜色淡，心边材性质差异小，品种间木材物理力学性质差异较大，按其主要特点可将13个品种的木材分为4类。 相似文献
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To improve the understanding of strawboard manufacturing processes, mat pressing behaviour of wood particleboard and strawboard bonded with urea formaldehyde resins were experimentally investigated and compared in terms of mat compressibility, transverse permeability, mat pressure, core temperature, core gas pressure and vertical density profile. The results have shown that straw particles are much more compressible and therefore require less platen pressure for pressing. Compared to wood particle and refined straw particle mats, hammer milled straw mats have low permeability and subsequently show high core gas pressure and high maximum core temperature during hot pressing, in addition to large differential densities between surface and core layers in the final pressed boards. It is recommended that a slower press closing rate and longer press opening time be used to develop the strawboard pressing schedule. 相似文献
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人工林杉木和杨树木材物理力学性质的株内变异研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
按照中国国家标准研究杉木和I-214杨树木材的抗弯弹性模量、抗弯强度、顺纹抗压强度和密度,同时按照日本国家标准研究2个树种的顺纹抗剪强度.结果表明:杉木的抗弯强度、顺纹抗压强度和密度由胸高直径处向上呈波浪形增加,抗弯弹性模量则稳定降低,但不同高度间杉木的物理力学性质没有显著差异;近树皮处木材的物理力学性质高于近髓心处木材,并有极显著差异.对于I-214杨树,只有抗弯弹性模量从髓心到树皮逐渐增加,其他的物理力学性质,最小值在从髓心到树皮的过渡区,最大值在近树皮处,从髓心到树皮,杨树的物理力学性质有极显著的差异.杉木和杨树的径面顺纹抗剪强度从髓心到树皮有极显著差异,并且近树皮的高于近髓心的木材,而弦面顺纹抗剪强度从髓心到树皮没有显著差异.木材密度与力学性质有很好的线性相关关系,木材密度是一个很好的力学强度的预测手段. 相似文献
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Cao Jin-zhen Li Li-dan Liu Zhi College of Materials Science Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing P. R. China 《中国林学(英文版)》2005,7(4)
In this study, the contact angles of three different reference liquids (including distilled water, diiodomethane, and formamide) and PF resin on the surfaces of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) samples untreated or treated with different con- centrations of ACQ-D (ammoniacal copper quat Type D) solutions were measured. Then, the surface free energy was calculated by two approaches: acid-base approach and geometric mean approach. ACQ-D treatment caused higher contact angles and lower surface free energies at a retention level corresponding to the commodity treated wood products. When wood was treated with much higher concentrations of ACQ-D, the total surface free energy of wood would be higher than the untreated control. Acid-base/polar compo- nents related with the hydrogen bonding state in wood were considered to be responsible for the observed changes according to the applied approaches. The hydrophobic properties and also higher contact angles of PF resin drop on wood surfaces after ACQ-D treatment at a reasonable retention level confirms the changes on surface free energy. 相似文献