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1.
Populus hybrid TT32 lines produced from 15 treatment tissue culture regimes exhibited somaclonal variation in morphological and gas exchange parameters. Within four years of regeneration, discrete lines showing statistically validated superior, or inferior, growth performance relative to the parental reference clone were identified. Significant differences in the ratio of leaf length/width between treatment lines provided the earliest reliable indicator of the divergence in overall growth performance. Despite discernible variation in leaf phenotype among primary regenerants and secondary propagules within individual lines, the leaf length/width ratio was identified as a potential parameter for predicting growth performance. Its subsequent use led to the recognition of four distinct leaf morphotypes; cordate, ovate, reniform and oval. Two or more of these morphotypes were distributed within each of the original 15 treatment lines. Regrouping the data on the basis of leaf morphotype resulted in a clear segregation of the morphological traits, and revealed differences that were not readily apparent by statistical analysis based on treatment groups. The demonstration of similar relative performances by individual morphotypes with respect to a range of growth and gas exchange parameters confirmed that variation in leaf morphology was indicative of differential photosynthetic performance. Somaclonal variants with a leaf morphology was indicative of differential photosynthetic performance. Somaclonal variants with a leaf morphotype closest to that of the parental line showed the highest overall potential for selection, suggesting that the greatest benefits accrue from a minimal disturbance of the parental leaf phenotype. 相似文献
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An in vitro regeneration system was developed using organogenic callus derived from in vitro grown cotyledonary explants of Gleditsia caspica Desf., an important leguminous tree. Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium augmented with 0.2 g L?1 myo-inositol and various concentrations of either 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), naphthaleneacetic acid, or indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) alone as well as combined with cytokinins was used for callus induction. The highest frequency of organogenic yellowish-white and nodular callus (93 %) was obtained from explants grown on medium supplemented with 13.5 μM 2,4-D and 4.4 μM benzyladenine (BA). The yellowish-white and nodular callus when transferred to MS medium supplemented with BA (2.2–17.7 μM) or kinetin (KT; 2.3–18.8 μM) solely or in combination with 2.3 μM 2,4-D produced several microshoots after 5 weeks culture. The calli cultured on MS medium with 4.4 μM BA singly showed superior growth response and produced both maximum shoot regeneration (94 %) and the highest mean number (4.3) of microshoots per callus. Transfer of regenerated microshoots onto modified MS basal medium fortified with 5.8 μM gibberellic acid and 4.4 μM BA resulted in the maximum number of internodes per shoot and the highest shoot elongation after a period of 6 weeks. Optimum rooting of 90 %, an average 6.1 roots per shoot, and a mean root length of 3.6 cm was observed when half-strength MS medium was supplemented with 9.8 μM IBA and 0.92 μM KT. The regenerated healthy plants with well-developed shoots and roots showed a survival rate of 77 % after acclimatization and transplanting to garden soil for a 10-week hardening period under ex vitro conditions. 相似文献
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将虎杖P olygonum cusp id a tum不同外植体经不同消毒时间处理后,接种在添加不同激素种类和水平的相同基本培养基上或相同激素种类和水平基本培养基上进行诱导实验,同时对根和根茎芽、叶、韧皮诱导的愈伤组织进行白藜芦醇含量的测定.结果表明:基本培养基以M S较好,外植体叶对激素种类较为敏感,其中适当浓度的NAA诱导愈伤组织比2,4-D的效果好,KT比BA好,添加KT的培养基上诱导愈伤组织比较紧密,有利于分化,在M S+NAA 2 m g/L+KT 0.1 m g/L培养基上诱导愈伤组织较好,根茎芽的诱导率最高,为73%;愈伤组织的生长趋势从接种的第3天开始生长,到21 d时生长达到最高峰,干质量为0.461 2 g,以后生长速度减慢;对不同材料诱导的愈伤组织进行白藜芦醇含量的测定,其中根茎部芽的诱导的愈伤组织中白藜芦醇含量最高,其次是叶和根,最低的为韧皮. 相似文献
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Toru Taniguchi Kazuo Tabuchi Kazuho Yamaguchi Yoshitake Fujisawa 《Journal of Forest Research》1996,1(1):51-55
Somatic embryos ofAcanthopanax sciadophylloides Franch. et Sav. were differentiated from both zygotic and somatic embryos and calli, and plants were regenerated from these
somatic embryos. A zygotic embryo, enclosed within a small portion of the endosperm, was incubated on Murashige and Skoog
(MS) media supplemented with various combinations (range 0–10.0 mg/l) of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). After 4 months, swelling of the zygotic embryos
and callus formation was observed. When the swollen embryos were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l of 2,4-D, somatic embryos were formed in one to two months. After subculture on the same medium, new embryos were differentiated
from various parts of the older somatic embryos. The calli were cultured on medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l of 2,4-D and BAP for three weeks. Proliferated calli were transferred to medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l of 2,4-D and BAP. Somatic embryos were differentiated from the calli within one to two months. Somatic embryos were germinated
on half-strength MS medium without plant growth regulators and the plantlets were grown in soil.
A part of this paper was presented at the 106th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Forestry Society (1995) & First Asia-Pacific
Symposium on Forest Tree Genetic Improvement (Beijing). 相似文献
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Suspension cultures initiated from callus derived from petiole explants of aspen hybrid (Populus tremuloides × P. tremula) produced somatic embryos. Callus was induced on a MS medium supplemented with 5 mg·L–1 2,4-D and 0.05 mg·L–1 zeatin under light conditions. Embryogenic calli were obtained when a subsequent subculture of calli was suspended in the same basal me-dium with 10 mg·L–1 2,4-D. The highest number of globular embryos were induced from embryogenic calli by cell suspension cul-ture in a MS liquid medium supplemented with 10 mg·L–1 2,4-D. Genotype and 2,4-D concentration were vital to the induction of embryogenic calli producing competent cells. Embryogenic calli for each genotype were heterogeneous. Green calli with gel-like consistency could yield more competent cells than light yellow embryogenic calli. However, some globular embryos broke into slices and some developed abnormally after one month of culture under the same or other hormonal conditions. 相似文献
7.
Leaves of fine Populus tomentosa genotype TC152 were used as explants to establish cell suspension lines. The effects of plant growth regulators on callus induction and establishment of cell suspension lines were studied. The callus induction rate was the highest on a MS solid medium supplemented with 1.0 mg·L-1 2,4-D. A cell suspension line could be obtained by inoculating calli which were not subcultured into a MS liquid medium supplemented with 1.5 mg·L-1 2,4-D. The best subculture medium was MS + 0.8 mg... 相似文献
8.
Conditions have been established for the callus initiation and subculture ofT. chinensis. The calli were induced by the explants cultured first on the medium MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D, 2g/L CH, and 25g/L
sucrose, then on The medium: MS+1.0 mg/L NAA+0.5 mg/L BA+2g/L CH+25g/L sucrose. When the callus was subcultured and tamed
several times, it could grow fast and stable on the medium: MS+0.2mg/L 2,4-D+0.5 mg/L NAA+0.5 mg/L BA+2g/LCH+25 g/L sucrose.
The contamination of explants was a result of endophytic microbes ofT. chinensis. This could be avoided by adopting the tender shoots 3–5 cm long collected in early spring as the source of explants. The
browning of the cultures could be prevented and controlled by means of the selection of a suitable explants, hormonal regime
in the medium, culture methods and the use of antioxidants.
Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai 相似文献
9.
唐巍 《中国林学(英文版)》2001,3(2)
三个基固型的火炬松成熟合子胚被培养在附加 8mg·L-12 ,4 D ,4mg·L-1BA ,4mg·L-1KT ,5 0 0mg·L-1水解酪蛋白和 5 0 0mg·L-1谷氨酰胺的愈伤组织诱导培养基上诱导愈伤组织 .来自于子叶、胚轴和胚根的愈伤组织在附加 1 6mg·L-12 ,4 D ,0 8mg·L-1BA和 0 8mg·L-1KT的愈伤组织增殖培养基上培养 9周后 ,可获得 16 9%的胚性愈伤组织 .通过建立胚性细胞悬浮系和研究ABA、PEG和活性炭对体细胞胚成熟的促进作用 ,优化的体细胞胚胎发生体系被建立 .71棵再生小苗被用于移栽试验 ,2 3棵小苗在田间移栽成活 相似文献
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近年来,已发展出遗传转化高等植物的一些新技术,其中有些技术如脂质体融合,微注射技术和电击导入都是基于动物细胞培养方面的工作,而另一些技术是来自于植物界独特的天然转化系统,其中包括已知能遗传转化高等植物的农杆菌(Agrobacterium)的二个种,即致瘤农杆菌(A.tumefaciens)和发根农杆菌(A.rhizogenes),这二个种都能够将其致病质粒Ti或Ri所携带的DNA序列(T-DNA)插入到双子叶植物细胞核基因组中。pTi诱发寄主产生根基肿瘤,pRi诱发寄主产生毛状根。二者的差别可能是毛状根可以从毛状根培养物获得具有完整的T-DNA序列的有生育能力的再生植株,而从致病农杆菌(A.tumefaciens)菌株所诱发的肿瘤很难获得再生植株。因此,利用发根农杆菌(A.rhizogenes)pRi作为遗传转化高等植物的基因克隆载体的研究和应用日益受到重视。 相似文献
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Chen Ji-ren Liu Rong Chen Shou-yi Wang Hua-fang College of Biological Sciences Biotechnology Beijing Forestry University Beijing P. R. China Hunan Biological Electromechanical Polytechnic Changsha P. R. China Institute of Genetics Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China 《中国林学(英文版)》2006,8(4):92-97
Different types of explants of China Rose (Rosa chinensis Jacq.) were placed on a Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium containing L-proline and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Organogenesis was observed on callus induced from both whole leaf and petiole and the high frequency of organogenesis was observed on the whole leaf. Shoot regeneration was obtained via organogenesis. The effects of pH and concentrations of antibiotics on maintenance of organogenesis capacity were investigated in subsequent subcultures. The pH value was found to play a critical role in retaining organogenesis capacity. The binary vector pBI121, carrying the gus gene coding forβ-glucuronidase (GUS) and the nptⅡgene mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, was used for transformation of organogenic callus using 50 mg·L-1 geneticin for selection. Six regenerated lines showed GUS activity, of which five were verified for the presence of nptⅡgene by PCR. 相似文献
15.
Embryogenic callus ofQuercus acutissima was successfully induced from embryogenic cultures, and plants were regenerated from the callus. The development of the techniques
involved will allow mass propagation and gene transformation in this species. Embryogenic cultures were formed from embryonic
axis explants (i.e., embryos without cotyledons) excised from immature embryos, after culture on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing indolebutyric
acid and benzyladenine. Attempts to induce embryogenic cultures from cotyledon explants were unsuccessful. Embryogenic calli
were induced at high frequency from embryogenic cultures on MS medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. However,
benzyladenine inhibited embryogenic callus formation. Somatic embryo development from embryogenic calli occurred on MS medium
in all of the seven cell lines tested. Germination of somatic embryos was induced on half strength MS medium without plant
growth regulators. Finally, acclimated plants growing in soil were obtained. 相似文献
16.
In vitro flowering of green and albino Dendrocalamus latiflorus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To propagate Dendrocalamus latiflorus, we used in vivo inflorescences to produce calli on Murashige and Skoog basal (MS) medium supplemented with 3 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D), 2 mg/l kinetin, 250 mg/l polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and 1% coconut milk. Multiple shoots were generated on
MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ). The green plantlets were successfully transferred to soil. Multiple
albino shoots also regenerated and were able to proliferate on medium containing cytokinins, especially TDZ. Albino multiple
shoots rooted in medium containing α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and callus formation was observed in the presence of 2,4-D
and picloram. Green and albino regenerates flowered after 8 months of subculture. The flowering ratio increased to 44% after
three treatments in medium containing 1 mg/l TDZ. Morphological observations revealed that the in vitro green and albino flower
organs were normal. However, pollen derived from the in vitro flowers of both the green and albino plants were sterile. 相似文献
17.
Leaves of fine Populus tomentosa genotype TC152 were used as explants to establish cell suspension lines. The effects of plant growth regulators on callus induction and establishment of cell suspension lines were studied. The callus induction rate was the highest on a MS solid medium supplemented with 1.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D. A cell suspension line could be obtained by inoculating calli which were not subcultured into a MS liquid medium supplemented with 1.5 mg·L^-1 2,4-D. The best subculture medium was MS ＋ 0.8 mg＇L-1 2,4-D ＋ 30 g·L^-1 sucrose with a subculture cycle of seven days. 相似文献
18.
以MS为基本培养基,在不同的激素成份下,培养口红花(AeschynanthuspulcherG.Don)叶片,得出适合诱导其愈伤组织培养基为MS+2,4-D0-4mg·L-1+BA0-3mg·L-1,诱导率为60%,适合分化不定芽的培养基为BA0-5mg·L-1和NAA0-3mg·L-1,其分化芽可达3～4倍。采用γ射线辐射其幼芽,辐射剂量为1-72Gy·min-1,总剂量为40～45Gy,诱变率达6%,同时对其壮苗进行生根培养,选用1/2MS基本培养基附加IBA0-3mg·L-1和NAA0-5～0-6mg·L-1,生根率100%,生根时间40d。 相似文献
19.
紫叶桃是重要的园林彩叶树种,叶色美丽,观赏期长,具有很高的园林应用价值。以紫叶桃的叶片和嫩茎段为外植体,用不同浓度生长调节物质进行愈伤组织诱导试验,建立紫叶桃的再生体系。结果表明,诱导愈伤组织时,MS＋2mg／LBA＋1mg／L2,4-D对叶片诱导效果最佳,其诱导率达80％;MS＋1mg／LBA＋1mg／L2,4-D对茎段诱导效果最佳,其诱导率达100％。在MS＋1mg／LBA＋1mg／L NAA培养基上愈伤组织能直接分化出不定芽。 相似文献
20.
种坯处理、不同激素浓度在暗培养条件下对多年生黑麦草愈伤组织诱导的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
以多年生黑麦草种子为外随体，研究了在暗培养条件下，不同浓度2，4—D、BA及种胚处理对愈伤组织诱导的影响，试验表明：(1)切胚处理对多年生黑麦草愈伤组织诱导起到很大的促进作用；(2)种胚愈伤组织的诱导宜采用MS 2，4—D 5mg/L的培养基；(3)种子愈伤组织的诱导与种子发芽率无关。 相似文献