共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
在草坪草抗性机理研究中，依据“自由基”假说，更能有效的解释一些亚热带草坪草的抗性生理机制。当高温和低温胁迫来临时，草坪草细胞中的活性氧的平衡遭到破坏，活性氧浓度增加，导致膜脂过氧化程度加深，并且破坏了由超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），过氧化氢酶（CAT）等组成的活性氧清除体系，导致活性氧进一步增加，最终导致草坪草植株受到损伤，甚至死亡，利用适当的抗性锻炼和基因工程手段和科学养护措施可以提高草坪草的抗逆性。 相似文献
2.
研究了在高温和低温胁迫下,亚热带建坪常用草坪草叶片的活性氧代谢相关酶与细胞膜透性的变化,并依据"自由基"假说,探讨了温度胁迫条件下自由基对草坪草细胞(主要是细胞膜体系)的伤害机理,初步揭示了不同温度胁迫下草坪草受害的致成原因以及不同品种间的差异.研究结果表明,以活性氧代谢指标与细胞膜透性为评判抗性大小的依据,各类品种的抗寒性大小顺序是匍匐剪股颖Agrostis stolonifere>草地早熟禾Poa pratensis>多年生黑麦草Lolium perenne>高羊茅Festuca arundinacea>狗牙根Cynodon dactylon,抗热性大小顺序是狗牙根 > 高羊茅 > 草地早熟禾 > 多年生黑麦草 > 匍匐剪股颖.研究运用了亚热型草坪草活性氧代谢相关酶测定的方法进行了草坪草品种鉴定和抗性比较,为亚热带地区草坪草品种选择、建植和维护提供了科学的理论依据. 相似文献
3.
对华南地区冬季枯黄的暖季型草坪草杂交狗牙根Cynodon dactylon×C.transvaanesis品种天堂草419(Tifgreen 419)和少枯黄的暖季型草坪草海滨雀稗Paspalum vaginatum的一些与抗性有关的生理指标进行了比较研究,以揭示其对冬季低温的抗性。结果表明,与海滨雀稗相比,天堂草419超氧阴离子产生速率较高,生物膜脂质过氧化产物丙二醛含量较高,电解质外渗率较高,导致其在气温较低的冬季叶片容易枯黄。而海滨雀稗则不同,在华南地区秋冬季节,叶片大多仍然青绿,表现为冬季少枯黄。但是海滨雀稗活性氧保护系统较弱,超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、过氧化物酶活性及游离脯氨酸含量均低于天堂草419,隆冬季节温度过低时,容易出现冻害,且休眠后返青迟,因此华中地区要慎用海滨雀稗。 相似文献
4.
对湖北江汉平原引种的24个冷季型草坪草(品)种,包括8个高羊茅Festuca arundinacea 品种,12个草地早熟禾Poa pratensis 品种和4个多年生黑麦草Lolium perenne 品种的抗旱性、抗病性和抗虫性进行评定,分别筛选出一些单一抗性及综合抗性表现优良的草坪草品种,为冷季型草坪草在我国冷、暖季型草坪草种的过渡带地区的建坪和管理提供依据. 相似文献
5.
贵州瓮福磷肥厂厂区因氟化氢(HF)污染,草坪成坪后3个月内就出现氟化氢污染伤害症状。在比较试验后发现,草坪草对氟污染的反应不同,用草坪植被指数作属性进行聚类分析,将15种试验草坪草划分成了不敏感,较不敏感和敏感3个反应类型,以草坪草叶片含硫量和草坪植被指数作属性进一步聚类,划分出了强抗性,中抗性和弱抗性3个抗性类型。 相似文献
6.
非生物胁迫影响了草坪草和牧草体内多种代谢物及通路的变化,抑制植物的生长。外源物质处理可以有效提高草坪草和牧草对逆境的抗性。本文综述了植物激素、生长调节剂、渗透调节物质、气体分子、离子及氨基酸类物质对草坪草和牧草逆境应答的影响。外源物质之间存在协同或拮抗作用,共同调控了草坪草和牧草下游相关基因的表达,改变了生理代谢途径,缓解了活性氧的伤害、减轻了细胞膜的损伤和离子的毒害,从而起到延缓衰老、提高抗逆性和改善草坪品质的效果。针对模式植物上植物激素的研究进展,提出了今后在草坪草抗逆应答方面需要开展的研究工作。 相似文献
7.
以草坪多年生黑麦草Ｐｅｒｅｎｎｉａｌ ｒｙｅｇｒａｓｓ和草地早熟禾Ｍｅａｄｏｗ ｂｌｕｅｇｒａｓｓ为材料，通过测定在三种低温胁迫强度和不同的胁迫时间下植物体活性氧清除剂超氧化物歧化酶，过氧化氢酶的活性，脯氨酸含量，类胡萝卜素含量和相对电导度等抗性生理指标的变化，以确定其胁变程度，研究两种草坪草抗低温胁迫的形式，途径和大小及其抗性机理问题。 相似文献
8.
根据1999-2009年在中国102个高尔夫球场调查,发现有15种"杂草坪"危害栽培草坪:即百慕大(Cynodon dactylon×C.transvaalensis)中的野草坪(weedy turf),海滨雀稗(Paspalum vaginatum)中的百慕大,结缕草(Zoysiaspp.)中的百慕大,百慕大中的高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea),百慕大中的海滨雀稗,海滨雀稗中的黑麦草(Lolium perenne),百慕大中的黑麦草,结缕草中的海滨雀稗,高羊茅中的草地早熟禾(Poapratensis),百慕大中的匍匐剪股颖(Agrostis stolonifera),草地早熟禾中的高羊茅,高羊茅中的百慕大,海滨雀稗中的匍匐剪股颖,海滨雀稗中的高羊茅,草地早熟禾中的匍匐剪股颖,阐明了"杂草坪"的发生、分布并分析高尔夫球场"杂草坪"危害公众健康、破坏球场景观、妨碍竞技发挥、增加养护成本和缩短草坪更换期的危害和生物入侵、生态选择、抗药性产生、滥用化学品及气候变化是高尔夫球场"杂草坪"形成的可能成因,提出了管理控制、检疫控制、生态控制、生物控制、替代控制、预测监控和化学控制相结合的应对高尔夫球场"杂草坪"的策略。 相似文献
9.
草坪是人类生态系统的重要组成部分之一。近年来,随着我国人民生活水平的提高和观念的改变,草坪业发展迅速,草坪得到广泛应用。本文从种子发芽、根系构型、光合特征和生理生化参数等角度综述了草坪草在抗旱性、抗涝性、抗热性、抗寒性、抗盐性等方面的研究现状,草坪草的上述抗性的强弱因草坪草的品种和试验条件的不同而有明显的差异。同时,还综述了通过施用肥料、添加微生物和生长调节物质来提高草坪草的抗性,为进一步开展抗性研究提供一些思路,为提高植物抗性提供有效途径。 相似文献
10.
就内生真菌对草坪草抗性的改良研究及其可能带来的对家畜的潜在毒性问题做一简单介绍,为我国草坪草的育种研究和城乡草坪适用草种的选择提供参考. 相似文献
11.
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection. 相似文献
13.
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario. Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously. 相似文献
15.
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
16.
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
17.
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated. Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively. 相似文献
19.
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%). Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
|
