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中华鲟幼鱼饵料生物及人工饲料的蛋白质和脂肪酸营养价值评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析了中华鲟幼鱼4种饵料(3种饵料生物:斑尾刺虾虎鱼、安氏白虾、河蚬和1种人工饲料)及2组中华鲟幼鱼(野生和人工养殖)肌肉的一般营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成.通过计算4种饵料分别相对2组中华鲟幼鱼肌肉的必需氨基酸比率比值(a/A)和必需氨基酸指数(EAAI),评价4种饵料的蛋白质营养价值;通过分析4种饵料和2组中华鲟幼鱼的脂肪酸组成和含量,评价4种饵料的脂肪酸营养价值.结果表明:斑尾刺虾虎鱼、安氏白虾、河蚬、人工饲料、野生和人工养殖中华鲟幼鱼肌肉的粗蛋白含量分别为80.57%、67.84%、51.88%、54.20%、91.83%、83.40%.以野生中华鲟幼鱼蛋白为参比,斑尾刺虾虎鱼、安氏白虾、河蚬、人工饲料的EAAl分别为0.938、0.913、0.918、0.956;以人工养殖中华鲟幼鱼肌肉蛋白为参比,EAAI分别为0.940、0.913、0.915、0.953,说明4种饵料相对2组中华鲟幼鱼而言均是优质蛋白源,基本能满足中华鲟幼鱼的蛋白需求.通过比较4种饵料的脂肪酸组成和含量发现,中华鲟幼鱼3种饵料生物中含n-3 puFA较多,能为中华鲟幼鱼的入海洄游提供丰富的n-3puFA营养,而人工饲料中含n-3 puFA较少,不能满足用于放流的人工养殖中华鲟幼鱼对n-3 puFA的营养需求.综合来看,不同饵料的营养成分不同,天然饵料生物的粗蛋白、氨基酸和重要脂肪酸的含量较多,故在研制和开发中华鲟幼鱼的饵料时,应根据其天然饵料生物的营养组成情况,适当地添加其所需的氨基酸和脂肪酸来满足其生长、存活和洄游的营养需求. 相似文献
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为研究相同海域滩涂和池塘养殖方格星虫(Sipunculus nudus Linnaeus)营养组成的异同,比较了2种养殖方式下的方格星虫体壁脂肪酸、氨基酸、矿物元素和基本营养物质组成。结果显示,滩涂和池塘养殖方格星虫体壁的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、脂肪酸总量相近(P0.05)。滩涂和池塘养殖星虫的C22:0、C20:3(n-3)、C16:1、C18:2(n-6)、C23:0含量差异显著(P0.05),且作为硅藻脂肪酸特征的C16:1(n-7)/C16:0比值和C20:5(n-3)也具有显著差异(P0.05)。池塘养殖的方格星虫谷氨酸(Glu)、总氨基酸含量显著高于滩涂养殖(P0.05),而必需氨基酸之间无显著差异(P0.05)。池塘养殖方格星虫体壁和沉积物中的钾(K)、钠(Na)、镁(Mg)、钙(Ca)、硒(Se)含量均高于滩涂养殖方格星虫相应体壁和沉积物中的含量(P0.05),而且2种养殖方式下的方格星虫体壁K、Se含量均显著高于相应沉积物中的含量(P0.05)。综合分析表明,相同海域不同养殖方式并不会显著影响方格星虫的基本营养组成(粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分),但是对于Glu、总氨基酸以及C22:0、C20:3(n-3)、C16:1、C16:1(n-7)/C16:0比值和C20:5(n-3)等具有影响。方格星虫对K、Na、Mg、Ca、Se具有一定程度的富集作用,而对于铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、锰(Mn)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、镉(Cd)、钴(Co)等元素无明显富集作用。 相似文献
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摘要：分析了中华鲟幼鱼4种饵料（3种饵料生物：斑尾刺虾虎鱼、安氏白虾、河蚬和1种人工饲料）及2组中华鲟幼鱼（野生和人工养殖）肌肉的一般营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成。通过计算4种饵料分别相对2组中华鲟幼鱼肌肉的必需氨基酸比率比值(A/E)和必需氨基酸指数(EAAI),评价4种饵料的蛋白质营养价值;通过分析4种饵料和2组中华鲟幼鱼的脂肪酸组成和含量,评价4种饵料的脂肪酸营养价值。结果表明：斑尾刺虾虎鱼、安氏白虾、河蚬、人工饲料、野生和人工养殖中华鲟幼鱼肌肉的粗蛋白含量分别为85.43%、67.84%、51.88%、54.20%、91.83%、83.40%。以野生中华鲟幼鱼肌肉蛋白为参比,斑尾刺虾虎鱼、安氏白虾、河蚬、人工饲料的EAAI分别为0.922、0.913、0.918、0.956;以人工养殖中华鲟幼鱼肌肉蛋白为参比,EAAI分别为0.933、0.913、0.915、0.953,说明4种饵料相对2组中华鲟幼鱼而言均是优质蛋白源,基本能满足中华鲟幼鱼的蛋白需求;但从A/E值来看,4种饵料中均有个别限制性氨基酸（赖氨酸和亮氨酸）不能完全满足中华鲟幼鱼的营养需求。通过比较4种饵料的脂肪酸组成和含量发现,中华鲟幼鱼3种饵料生物中含n3PUFA较多,能为中华鲟幼鱼的入海洄游提供丰富的n3PUFA营养,而人工饲料中含n3PUFA较少,不能满足用于放流的人工养殖中华鲟幼鱼对n3PUFA的营养需求。综合来看,不同饵料的营养成分不同,天然饵料生物的粗蛋白、氨基酸和重要脂肪酸的含量均较多,故在研制和开发中华鲟幼鱼的人工饲料时,应根据其天然饵料生物的营养组成情况,适当的添加Lys、Leu和n3PUFA来满足中华鲟幼鱼生长、存活和洄游的营养需求。 相似文献
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为研究中华鲟对脂肪酸的选择利用,采用国标方法,对野生与人工养殖中华鲟成熟鱼卵和肌肉的脂肪酸组成进行了测定分析。试验结果显示:野生中华鲟卵细胞中C18:1和C22:6(DHA)脂肪酸的含量高于养殖的中华鲟成熟卵细胞;在相同的养殖环境和投饲策略下,野生中华鲟幼鱼合成或富集n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的能力高于养殖的中华鲟幼鱼。研究表明,中华鲟亲鱼在发育过程中对营养素的累积具有差异性,多不饱和脂肪酸,尤其是DHA、EPA和ARA脂肪源,对中华鲟亲鱼性腺发育和幼鱼生长发育具有重要意义。 相似文献
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轨道式自动投饲系统设计与试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对工厂化养殖中人工投饲劳动强度大、投饲误差大、不均匀等问题,研究并设计了一种轨道式自动投饲系统。该系统由上料装置、行走装置、投饲装置和控制装置4个部分组成。控制部分以可编程辑控制器(PLC)为核心、触摸屏为人机界面,采用低压气力输送的方式上料,驱动行走小车运行的方式进行饵料输送,控制螺旋下料装置和旋转抛撒盘的方式进行定量、均匀的饵料抛撒。结果显示:可以实现4个养殖池的饵料投喂,6次投喂等待时间设定,行走速度达18.75 m/min,投饲量精度在0.5%~2.2%,投饲速度1 kg/min左右,定位精度110 mm左右。该投饵系统具有投饲精度高、均匀、高效率等特点,可有效提高饲料利用率和降低劳动强度,从而减少工厂化养殖成本。 相似文献
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饵料对卤虫,金丝鱼和对虾脂肪酸组成的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了饵料对卤虫(Artemia salina)、金丝鱼(Tonichthys albonubes Lin)和对虾(Penaeus orientalis)脂肪酸组成的影响。结果表明,饵料中的脂肪酸影响到上述养殖对象体内的脂肪酸。为了提高养殖对象体内Omega—3(ω—3,也有用n—3)多烯脂肪酸含量,可以选择富含ω—3多烯脂肪酸的生物饵料,也可用富含ω—3多烯脂肪酸的人工配合饵料。 相似文献
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饵料对稚幼参生长变色的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
报告了藻粉,浮泥,人工配合饵料,混合饵料对稚幼长岛县牝一海水育苗场变色的影响。经３个胸月的投喂试验。结果：人工配合饵料组稚幼参体长,体重增长较快,纯藻粉组,浮泥组投喂效果都较差。藻粉中添加部分“海丰”牌饲料预混剂和３０％的浮泥,对稚参有明显的助长作用,日均增长,增重是纯藻粉组的２倍以上,且明显快于人工配合饵料组。 相似文献
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东南亚渔业开发中心于1985—1986年5—7月在淡水池塘中探索选择性藻类饵料和人工饵料培育遮目鱼鱼种的可能性。1985年进行投饲试验,采用三种类型饲料进行试验:1.颤藻;2.颤藻+配合饵料;3配合饵料组成:鱼粉56.6％,豆饼粉11.4％、虾粉9.0％、米糠12.7％、鳕肝油2.5％、玉米油2.5％,淀粉 相似文献
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运用脂肪酸标志法分析刺参食物来源的季节变化 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
运用脂肪酸标志法分析了刺参的食物组成及季节变化。刺参饵料中含有硅藻、褐藻、多种异养细菌、大型绿藻、鞭毛藻或原生动物等,其中硅藻、褐藻和细菌在全年的食物贡献比较大,各种饵料来源比例具有显著的季节变化。实验期间,刺参体壁的硅藻脂肪酸标志22:5(n-3)相对含量很高(7.24%～14.45%),且16:1(n-7)/16:0比值全年在0.73～1.82之间(平均1.10),表现出典型的硅藻脂肪酸特征,表明硅藻是刺参主要的食物来源。褐藻脂肪酸标志20:4(n-6)在刺参体壁脂肪酸组成中相对含量较高(4.88%～8.16%),且在秋冬季节达到较高水平,表明秋冬季节褐藻类对刺参的食物贡献可能较大。噬纤维菌—黄杆菌类的脂肪酸标志奇数碳及支链脂肪酸(Odd&brFAs,5.31%～8.29%)和变形细菌的脂肪酸标志[18:1(n-7),5.85%～6.86%]相对含量比较高,表明细菌在全年都是刺参重要的食物来源。主成分分析发现,1月份刺参的主要食物来源是硅藻、鞭毛藻或原生动物、褐藻及细菌;3月份硅藻、鞭毛藻或原生动物、大型绿藻的食物贡献较大;6月份大型绿藻在刺参的食物来源中占较大比重;7月份细菌和大型绿藻的食物贡献较大,细... 相似文献
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Tufan O. Eroldoğan Asuman H. Yılmaz Giovanni M. Turchini Murat Arslan Necdet A. Sirkecioğlu Kenan Engin Ilgin Özşahinoğlu Pınar Mumoğullarında 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2013,39(4):941-955
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)-rich and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA)-rich vegetable oils are increasingly used as fish oil replacers for aquafeed formulation. The present study investigated the fatty acid metabolism in juvenile European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, 38.4 g) fed diets containing fish oil (FO, as the control treatment) or two different vegetable oils (the MUFA-rich canola/rapeseed oil, CO; and the n-6 PUFA-rich cottonseed oil, CSO) tested individually or as a 50/50 blend (CO/CSO). The whole-body fatty acid balance method was used to deduce the apparent in vivo fatty acid metabolism. No effect on growth performance and feed utilization was recorded. However, it should be noted that the fish meal content of the experimental diets was relatively high, and thus the requirement for n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 LC-PUFA) may have likely been fulfilled even if dietary fish oil was fully replaced by vegetable oils. Overall, relatively little apparent in vivo fatty acid bioconversion was recorded, whilst the apparent in vivo β-oxidation of dietary fatty acid was largely affected by the dietary lipid source, with higher rate of β-oxidation for those fatty acids which were provided in dietary surplus. The deposition of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3, as % of the dietary intake, was greatest for the fish fed on the CSO diet. It has been shown that European sea bass seems to be able to efficiently use n-6 PUFA for energy substrate, and this may help in minimizing the β-oxidation of the health benefiting n-3 LC-PUFA and thus increase their deposition into fish tissues. 相似文献
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Optimum Level of Dietary n‐3 Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids for Juvenile Sea Cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus 
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下载免费PDF全文 Mingling Liao Tongjun Ren Wei Chen Zhiqiang Jiang Huan Yang Yuzhe Han 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2015,46(6):642-649
A feeding trial was conducted to estimate the optimum level of dietary n‐3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) for juvenile sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicas, based on growth performance and fatty acid compositions. Diets with five n‐3 HUFAs levels (0.15, 0.22, 0.33, 0.38, and 0.46%) were fed to sea cucumber juveniles (1.97 ± 0.01 g) once a day for 60 d. The sea cucumbers fed diets containing 0.22% n‐3 HUFAs showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher body weight gain, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio than the sea cucumbers fed diets containing 0.15% n‐3 HUFAs, but not significantly different (P > 0.05) from those of sea cucumbers fed diets containing 0.33, 0.38, and 0.46% n‐3 HUFAs. The sea cucumbers fed diets containing 0.46% n‐3 HUFAs showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher eicosapentaenoic acid and saturated fatty acid than the sea cucumber fed diets containing 0.15% n‐3 HUFAs, but not significantly different (P > 0.05) from those of sea cucumbers fed diets containing 0.22, 0.33, and 0.38% n‐3 HUFAs. The results of growth performance and n‐3 HUFA compositions of body wall indicated that the optimum level of dietary n‐3 HUFAs for juvenile sea cucumber is between 0.22 and 0.46%. 相似文献
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Shawn D. Coyle James H. Tidwell Carl D. Webster 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2000,31(1):89-95
Abstract.— A 12-wk feeding trial was conducted in aquaria with juvenile (36.0 ± 1.2 g) largemouth bass Microptents salmoides to examine the effects of dietary supplementation of methionine, lysine, and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on growth, feed conversion and body composition. Diets were formulated to increase dietary concentrations of methionine. lysine, and PUFAs to match levels found in whole body samples of largemouth bass. The control diet was formulated similar to diets previously tested for largemouth bass. Diets 2 and 3 were similar to the control diet hut were supplemented with 2% lysine and 1% methionine, respectively. Diet 4 was formulated to increase PUFAs, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3), by replacing menhaden fish oil with squid oil. Fish were fed all they would consume in 10 min, twice daily. At harvest, there were no statistically significant differences ( P > 0.05) in average individual weight or specific growth rate (SGR) among fish fed the four diets. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of largemouth bass fed the diet supplemented with methionine (1.7) was significantly lower ( P ≤ 0.05) than fish fed the control diet (2.5). Fish fed the diet high in PUFA had significantly lower ( P ≤ 0.05) whole body lipid levels and significantly higher ( P ≤ 0.05) protein levels than fish fed the other three diets. These data indicate that the control diet in this study likely contained sufficient lysine, methionine and PUFA to meet the requirements of largemouth bass; however, additional methionine may improve feed conversion efficiency, and increased levels of PUFAs or other factors in squid oil may have a significant impact on body composition. 相似文献
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本研究通过分析刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)幼参[(10.02±0.03) g]生长性能、体组成、肠道消化酶活性及非特异性免疫性能的变化,评价鼠尾藻(Sargassum thunbergii)、铜藻(Sargassaum horneri)、海带(Saccharina japonica)、海带渣、石莼(Ulva lactuca L.)及混合藻粉在刺参幼参养殖中的应用效果,在室内循环水系统中进行了为期56 d的养殖实验。结果显示,1) 鼠尾藻和混合藻粉组刺参的增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)极显著高于其他各藻粉组(P<0.01),海带渣组刺参的WGR和SGR最低,肠体比(IBR)和脏体比(VBR)均显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),藻粉对刺参存活率(SR)影响不显著(P>0.05);2) 不同藻粉对刺参体壁水分、粗灰分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪影响不显著(P>0.05);3) 鼠尾藻和混合藻粉组肠道胰蛋白酶活性极显著高于海带、海带渣和石莼组,海带渣组最低(P<0.01);藻粉对α-淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05),但对刺参粪便的酸不溶性灰分具有极显著影响(P<0.01);4) 鼠尾藻组和混合藻粉组刺参肠道超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01),海带渣组丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01)。研究表明,在本实验条件下,综合考虑刺参的生长性能及非特异性免疫性能,添加任一海藻均未达到替代鼠尾藻的饲喂效果,但多种海藻混合添加,其生长性能及非特异性免疫性能与单独添加鼠尾藻效果一致。 相似文献
15.
为探讨饲料中不同n-3/n-6长链多不饱和脂肪酸(LC-PUFA)对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)幼鱼生长性能及饲料利用、体组成和消化酶的影响,配制了6种不同n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA比值(29.54,D1组;23.04,D2组;18.97,D3组;9.06,D4组;6.86,D5组;3.87,D6组)的实验饲料。以大菱鲆幼鱼[(12.18?0.01)g]为研究对象,在循环水养殖系统中开展了为期56 d的养殖实验。结果显示,n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA对大菱鲆幼鱼的成活率(SR)无显著影响(P0.05);增重率(WGR)随着n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA的降低呈先上升后下降趋势,D6组显著低于其他各组(P0.05);脂肪沉积率随着饲料中n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA的降低呈下降趋势,且D6组达到最小值,为14.80,显著低于其他各组(P0.05)。随着饲料中的变化,胰蛋白酶的活性呈先增强后减弱的趋势,且在D4组时达到最大值;脂肪酶活性呈上升趋势。随着饲料中n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA的变化,脂肪酸合成酶活性呈先上升后下降的趋势,最高值为D4组,显著高于其他各组(P0.05);葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶的酶活呈先上升后下降的趋势,D3组为最大值,显著高于其他各组(P0.05)。随着饲料中n-3/n-6 LC-PUFA的降低,谷草转氨酶呈先上升后下降的趋势;总蛋白、白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇均随着饲料n-3/n-6LC-PUFA的变化呈先上升后下降的趋势,均在D5组时达到最大值。研究表明,饲料中n-3/n-6LC-PUFA的比例降低会导致大菱鲆幼鱼的脂肪沉积率降低。 相似文献
16.
Effects of dietary (n-3) and (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio on the immune response of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
To examine the influence of the dietary ratio of (n-3) to (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the immune system of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., two dietary trials were carried out in which parr were maintained on diets containing either fish oil [(n-3)/(n-6) PUFA = 5.2] or sunflower oil [(n-3)/(n-6) PUFA = 0.3] and assessed for differences in immunological parameters. There were no significant differences in blood cell counts, differential leucocyte counts or haematocrit values between dietary groups, and while no apparent differences were observed in the non-specific immune parameters measured, there was a significantly higher number of B cells responding to Aeromonas salmonicida, in the kidney and spleen of vaccinated fish maintained on high (n-3)/(n-6) PUFAs diets. There was also a significant difference (P≤ 0.01) between the dietary groups in trial 1 and trial 2 when non-vaccinated fish were challenged with Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum, respectively, with the (n-6) group succumbing to the bacterium before the (n-3) group. The results suggest that Atlantic salmon fed diets with a low ratio of (n-3)/(n-6) PUFA may be less resistant to infection than those fed diets containing lipid with a high (n-3)/(n-6) PUFA ratio. 相似文献
17.
European sea bass juveniles (14.4±0.1 g mean weight) were fed diets containing different levels of fish oil then of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA) for 12 weeks. The fish performance as well as fatty acid (FA) composition of neutral and polar lipids from whole body after 7 and 12 weeks feeding were studied. The requirements of juvenile sea bass for n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA) were studied by feeding fish diets containing six different levels of n-3 HUFA ranging from 0.2% to 1.9% of the diet, with approximately the same DHA/EPA ratio (1.5:1).
The growth rate at the end of the trial showed significant differences. Fish fed low dietary n-3 HUFA (0.2% DM of the diet) showed significantly lower growth than the diet 3 (0.7%), then no further improvement (P>0.05) of growth performance was seen by elevating the n-3 HUFA level in the diet up to 1.9% (diet 6). No difference in feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio or protein retention was observed among treatments, nor in protein and total lipid content. However, the n-3 HUFA levels in diets highly influenced fish fatty acid composition in neutral lipid, while polar lipid composition was less affected. Comparison of polar lipid content after 7 or 12 weeks indicated that DHA remained stable at the requirement level, while arachidonic acid decreased with time. Results of this experiment suggest that the requirement for growth of n-3 HUFA of juvenile sea bass of 14 g weight is at least 0.7% of the dry diet. 相似文献
18.
Two feeding experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of different plant ingredients on growth and body composition of juvenile sea cucumber. In the first experiment, three replicate groups of the sea cucumber (average weight of 1.5 ± 0.05 g) were fed one of the seven experimental diets containing Sargassum thunbergii (CON), Undaria (UND), Laminaria (LAM), Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata (BRA), fermented soybean (FSB), distillers dried grain (DDG) and rice straw powder (RIC) for 10 weeks. After the feeding trial, survival was not significantly different among the dietary treatments. Specific growth rate (SGR) of sea cucumber fed the FSB diet (0.73) was significantly higher than that of sea cucumber fed the other diets (P < 0.05), except for the DDG diet (0.64). The lowest SGR was observed in sea cucumber fed the CON diet (0.14). Based on the result of the first experiment, the second experiment was conducted to determine the proper level of dietary DDG for growth of juvenile sea cucumber. Three replicate groups of sea cucumber (average weight of 1.6 ± 0.02 g) were fed one of the five experimental diets containing different levels (g kg?1) of DDG (DDG0, DDG10, DDG20, DDG30 and DDG40) for 12 weeks. Survival was not significantly different among the treatments (P > 0.05). The best SGR was obtained in sea cucumber fed the DDG10 diet (10.1) and the value of sea cucumber fed the DDG40 diet (5.6) was the lowest (P < 0.05). The SGR of sea cucumber fed the DDG10 diet did not differ from that of sea cucumber fed the DDG20 diet (P > 0.05). Moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash contents of whole body in sea cucumber among the dietary treatments (P > 0.05) did not differ significantly at both experiments. Results of two feeding trial suggest that dietary inclusion with 100 g kg?1 FSB or 100–200 g kg?1 DDG may improve growth of juvenile sea cucumber, and especially DDG could be used as a good ingredient for the low‐cost feed formulation. 相似文献
19.
This is the first comprehensive study on the effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels on the expression of fatty acid elongase 5 (AJELOVL5), PUFA composition, and growth in juvenile sea cucumbers. The specific growth rate (SGRw) was improved in n‐3 PUFA‐rich diets compared to low n‐3 PUFA diets. AJELOVL5 expression was apparently upregulated in juveniles fed lower PUFA diets relative to higher PUFA diets, with higher expression in the body wall and respiratory tree of juveniles fed diets without ɑ‐linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n‐3) compared to juveniles fed higher ALA level diets; similar results were also detected in juveniles fed diets with lower eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n‐3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n‐3), and none of ALA, EPA, or DHA respectively. The concentrations of ALA, EPA, and DHA in tissues were positively related to the content of dietary corresponding PUFA, with higher ALA content in juveniles fed diet ALA12.71 than in the ALA7.46 and ALA0 groups. Similar results were also obtained in sea cucumber fed diets enriched with either EPA or DHA. Interestingly, considerable levels of EPA and DHA were found in the tissues of juveniles fed diets of CK0 and DHA0, with no specific input of EPA or DHA, showing that the sea cucumber was capable of biosynthesizing EPA and DHA from their corresponding precursors as ALA and linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n‐6). 相似文献
20.
饲料组成对银鲳幼鱼生长率及肌肉氨基酸、脂肪酸组成的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究分析了饲料组成对银鲳(Pampus argenteus)幼鱼特定生长率(SGR)及肌肉氨基酸与脂肪酸组成的影响。实验共设4组不同的饲料组成,依次为饲料A(鱼肉糜)、饲料B(鱼肉糜+配合饲料)、饲料C(鱼肉糜+配合饲料+蛏子肉糜)和饲料D(鱼肉糜+配合饲料+蛏子肉糜+桡足类)。实验用银鲳幼鱼的平均体重为4.80±0.11 g,每组饲料设3重复,实验周期为9周。研究结果显示,不同饲料组成可显著影响银鲳的特定生长率,饲料A组的特定生长率最低,并显著低于其它各饲料组;饲料D组的特定生长率最高,且显著高于饲料B、C组的特定生长率(P<0.05);但饲料B、C组间银鲳特定生长率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。银鲳肌肉氨基酸与脂肪酸的分析结果显示,4组饲料组成对银鲳肌肉氨基酸的组成及含量并无显著性影响(P>0.05),但可显著影响肌肉脂肪酸的组成及含量(P<0.05)。饲料D组的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、高度不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)及n-3HUFA含量均分别显著高于饲料A、B和C组(P<0.05),饲料B和C组的PUFA、HUFA及n-3HUFA均分别显著高于饲料A组(P<0.05),但饲料B、C组间并无显著性差异(P>0.05)。综合分析得出,丰富的饲料组成以及饲料中较高的HUFA含量均有利于银鲳幼鱼的生长。 相似文献