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《中国家禽》2019,(14)
为探讨热应激对雄性文昌鸡雏鸡垂体-睾丸轴(PT axis)中主要生殖激素以及其受体的影响,将72只1日龄健康雏鸡随机分为对照组(CK)和热应激组(HS),饲养6周,每周龄末用ELISA和免疫组化法分别测定雏鸡血清中黄体生成素(LH)、促卵泡激素(FSH)、睾酮(T)含量及其受体表达情况。结果显示:雏鸡血清中LH、FSH、T水平分别在26～40 ng/L、6～13 IU/L、179～309 ng/L之间波动,且HS组LH和T低于CK组(P0.05),FSH则相反(P0.01);LH受体(LHR)和FSH受体(FSHR)阳性细胞在垂体随机分布,而T受体(TR)阳性细胞主要分布腺垂体中部及边缘,且初期垂体FSHR较多,LHR较少,后期反之,TR分布较少且较为稳定,受热应激影响具有时间效应;LHR、FSHR、TR阳性细胞主要分布于睾丸间质,第3周起,HS组LHR、FSHR、TR阳性细胞数低于CK组。结果表明:热应激干扰雏鸡PT轴生殖激素的正常分泌,阻碍LH、FSH、T受体发育。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2017,(10):1998-2003
为了探讨甘加藏羊发情周期腺垂体和血浆中FSH和LH含量动态变化规律及排卵的关系。选取2.5~5岁,健康未孕雌性甘加藏羊30只,采集发情周期各阶段和乏情期腺垂体和血浆,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定发情前期、发情期、发情后期、间情期及乏情期腺垂体和血浆中FSH和LH的含量。结果表明,甘加藏羊发情周期内腺垂体FSH浓度在发情期(6.873IU/L)和发情后期(6.863IU/L)较低,与间情期最大(8.228IU/L)差异显著(P<0.05),发情前期又降低(8.096IU/L);腺垂体LH浓度发情期(9.39IU/L)和发情后期(9.585IU/L)较低,间情期最大(10.629IU/L),发情前期(9.7325IU/L)降低,各时期差异不显著(P>0.05);发情周期内血浆中FSH浓度在发情前期(2.599IU/L)达到峰值,其他时期均较低,发情前期与其他时期差异显著(P<0.05);血浆LH浓度在发情期(3.866IU/L)达到峰值,发情后期(3.179IU/L)和间情期(3.292IU/L)降低,各时期差异不显著(P>0.05);并且FSH和LH在发情周期内均出现4个波峰:乏情期腺垂体和血浆中FSH和LH的浓度均低于发情周期内FSH和LH各自的基础值。FSH和LH含量在垂体和血浆的这些差异性应该是两者协同调控藏羊发情和排卵的主要原因。 相似文献
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舍饲滩母羊生殖激素变化规律的初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用放射免疫法对宁夏地区的舍饲滩母羊不同生理期的血清中生殖激素进行测定的结果显示:雌二醇(E2)的含量从发情期、妊娠前期、妊娠后期、泌乳期、空怀期的含量呈递减趋势,分别为120.00,16.38,17.32,17.35,3.43 pg/mL;孕酮(P4)的含量从泌乳期、空怀期、发情期、妊娠前期和妊娠后期呈递增的趋势,分别为0.05,0.05,0.14,0.17,0.50 ng/mL;促黄体素(LH)的含量从发情期、妊娠前期、空怀期、妊娠后期和泌乳期呈递减的趋势,分别为30.5,4.18,2.68,2.63,2.35mIU/mL;促卵泡素(FSH)在妊娠后期最低,为1.84 mIU/mL,空怀期、妊娠前期和泌乳期变化趋势不大,分别为2.82,2.65,2.61 mIU/mL.促乳素(PRL)含量从妊娠后期、妊娠前期、空怀期和泌乳期呈递增的趋势,分别为280.88,319.02.372.02.440.13 μIU/mL. 相似文献
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妊娠山羊黄体组织中ghrelin的表达 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用组织学和免疫组化方法对不同妊娠时期山羊黄体的组织学结构及ghrelin的分布规律进行了研究,结果表明:黄体外覆结缔组织性被膜,实质主要由粒性(大)黄体细胞和膜性(小)黄体细胞组成;在各时期均存在大黄体细胞的退化现象,退化黄体细胞数量随周期进程逐渐增多,结构变化表现为:细胞形态多变,胞质呈强嗜酸性,胞核固缩或碎裂.ghrelin阳性反应主要位于被膜和黄体细胞,各阶段被膜上均存在ghrelin表达,主要为纤维及血管的着色;黄体内ghrelin主要定位于大黄体细胞,另外部分小细胞也有表达,从分布范围和染色强度看,呈现出少-多再渐少的变化趋势;结合各周龄山羊黄体组织中ghrelin阳性产物相对表达量的分析,表明在妊娠早中期,黄体组织内有较高的ghrelin表达,而在妊娠后期表达较低.不同妊娠时期山羊黄体组织中ghrelin的这种周期性表达模式与黄体的功能相适应,提示ghrelin的表达与黄体的功能密切相关. 相似文献
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本试验通过在饲粮中添加维生素与矿物质、调整饲粮能量蛋白质水平,旨在研究其对浙东白鹅母鹅繁殖性能、血液生殖激素浓度和生殖轴相关基因mRNA相对表达量的影响.选择138只月龄相近的浙东白鹅种母鹅,按体重相近原则分为3组,分别饲喂不同的饲粮,试验期150 d,测定繁殖性能(平均产蛋数、平均蛋重、受精率和孵化率)、血液生殖激素[卵泡刺激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、孕酮(P4)、雌二醇(E2)、催乳素(PRL)]浓度和生殖轴相关基因[促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)、卵泡刺激素-β(FSHβ)、雌激素受体1(ESR1)、雌激素受体2(ESR2)、卵泡刺激素受体(FSHR)、催乳素(PRL)、催乳素受体(PRLR)] mRNA相对表达量的变化.结果表明:1)添加维生素与矿物质可显著提高浙东白鹅母鹅第1产蛋周期平均蛋重和受精率(P＜0.05);提高第2产蛋周期内血液FSH和P4的浓度,降低LH浓度,改变E2、P4和PRL浓度波动(P＜0.05);下调下丘脑PRLR、垂体PRL和卵巢PRLR基因的mRNA相对表达量(P＜0.05),上调卵巢ESR2基因的mRNA相对表达量(P＜0.05).2)调整饲粮能量蛋白质水平可显著提高浙东白鹅母鹅第2产蛋周期平均蛋重(P＜0.05);提高浙东白鹅第2产蛋周期内血液LH浓度,降低FSH浓度,改变E2和P4浓度波动(P＜0.05);上调下丘脑GnRH、垂体PRL和PRLR基因的mRNA相对表达量(P＜0.05),下调卵巢FSHR基因的mRNA相对表达量(P＜0.05).由此得出,添加维生素与矿物质、调整饲粮能量蛋白质水平可通过影响产蛋周期内部分血液生殖激素浓度和波动,局部调节生殖轴相关基因的mRNA相对表达量,改善浙东白鹅母鹅的繁殖性能. 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2017,(4)
为研究儋州鸡不同产蛋时期生殖激素的分泌规律,采用ELISA方法对儋州鸡母鸡开产前期、开产期、产蛋高峰期及产蛋后期4个时期血液中促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、催乳素(PRL)、孕酮(P)、雌二醇(E_2)的浓度进行测定。结果显示,开产期与产蛋高峰期FSH与LH浓度极显著高于开产前期和产蛋后期(P0.01);不同产蛋时期血液中PRL浓度呈上升趋势,且开产前期和开产期PRL浓度显著低于产蛋后期(P0.05);不同产蛋时期血液中E_2浓度呈下降趋势,且产蛋后期E_2浓度显著高于开产前期和开产期(P0.05),极显著高于产蛋高峰期(P0.01);开产期与产蛋后期P的浓度较高,均显著高于开产前期(P0.05),且极显著高于产蛋高峰期(P0.01)。研究表明,儋州鸡在不同产蛋时期血液中生殖激素含量水平有不同的变化,开产期血液中FSH、LH及P浓度较开产前期明显升高;产蛋高峰期血液中FSH与LH的浓度高于其他时期;产蛋后期血液中PRL、E_2、P的浓度较产蛋高峰期明显上升,且负反馈调节FSH与LH的分泌量。 相似文献
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为研究促卵泡素（FSH）和促黄体生成素（LH）对儋州鸡体内其他生殖激素的调控规律,本试验通过改变FSH和LH在儋州鸡血液中的浓度,并采用双抗体一步夹心法酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对处理前后儋州鸡血液中FSH、LH、催乳素（PRL）、孕酮（P）、雌二醇（E2）的浓度进行测定。结果发现,注射外源性FSH和LH分别能提高儋州鸡血液中FSH和LH浓度;当儋州鸡血液中FSH或LH浓度显著升高时则均能引起PRL浓度显著降低（P < 0.05）,但当FSH和LH浓度同时显著升高时,PRL浓度显著升高（P < 0.05）;当儋州鸡血液中FSH浓度显著升高时,E2及P浓度显著提升（P < 0.05）,且在高浓度LH的协同下提升幅度更大;当儋州鸡血液中LH浓度显著升高时E2及P浓度升高但不显著（P > 0.05）。本研究结果表明,儋州鸡血液中FSH或LH浓度的提高均能降低PRL的浓度,并能不同程度的提升E2及P的浓度,但FSH与LH浓度同时提高则能通过协同作用刺激E2及P浓度的大幅提升,当E2及P浓度过高时能通过刺激PRL的释放,负反馈调节血液中FSH与LH,并恢复血液中E2及P浓度。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2021,(6)
为探讨催乳素(PRL)在垂体层面对禽类生殖的调控机制,以原代培养的鸡胚垂体相关基因表达的变化。结果显示,用5 ng/mL和50 ng/mL的PRL处理鸡胚垂体细胞24 h,对PRLR表达有先抑制后促进作用,对LHβ表达则呈现明显促进作用,对GnRHR和FSHβ表达无显著影响;而对培养液中LH和FSH浓度均无显著影响。当处理时间为12 h时,与对照组相比,50 ng/mL PRL组显著抑制鸡胚垂体细胞分泌LH和FSH;并且在处理12 h后,PRL能抑制LHβ、FSHβ、GnRHR和TGFBR3的表达,而对PRLR和GnIHR的表达水平均无显著影响。研究结果表明,PRL在垂体层面对促性腺激素的分泌和促生殖相关基因表达具有抑制作用。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2016,(6):1053-1058
为了研究甘加藏羊发情周期血浆中促卵泡素(FSH)和促黄体素(LH)的分泌变化规律及其与藏羊繁殖力之间的关系,采用酶联免疫分析法(ELISA)测定发情期、发情后期、间情期和发情前期血浆中FSH和LH的含量,并分析其动态变化规律。结果显示,FSH和LH在发情期、发情后期和发情前期的分泌均呈现脉冲式变化,而间情期既有脉冲式分泌又有波动式分泌。FSH和LH在发情周期中先后均出现4个分泌峰,其中FSH和LH的第1个峰分别出现在发情的2h和0h;第2个峰分别出现在72h和69h;第3个峰分别出现在第10天和第9天;第4个峰分别出现在第13天和第12天。FSH和LH的分泌趋势相似,其特点是分泌量先在发情期升高,然后在发情后期和间情期降低,最后在发情前期又升高。结果表明,发情周期不同阶段FSH和LH的分泌方式明显不相同。在发情期和发情后期,FSH出现峰值的时间分别比LH晚2h和晚3h;在间情期和发情前期,FSH出现峰值的时间比LH晚1d,并且FSH和LH形成2个分泌峰的时间间隔不同。 相似文献
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K Taniguchi S Kanezaki S Mikami 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(5):893-903
Six cell types of the pars distalis were studied from perinatal to senile stage in the golden hamster in combination with morphometric analysis and immunocytochemistry. GH cells occupied only a small area at 15 days of gestation and increased remarkably after birth to occupy a significantly larger area in the young adult than that in the other stages. PRL cells first appeared at 3 days after birth and increased rapidly thereafter to be distributed throughout the pars distalis. They always occupied a larger area in females than in males from 3 weeks after birth onward. ACTH cells were distributed mainly in the peripheral region of the pars distalis. They were dominant at 15 days of gestation, but relatively decreased after birth. The gonadotrophic cells were divided into LH cells and FSH cells. About 70% of LH cells were also immunoreactive to anti-FSH serum. LH cells occupied a larger area than that of FSH cells in every stage examined. TSH cells occupied the second largest area at 15 days of gestation, but rapidly decreased at 3 weeks after birth to occupy the smallest area among the immunoreactive cell types throughout the life-span. The chronological changes in the percentages of all cell types constituting the pars distalis seemed to reflect the activity of these cell types at a given stage. 相似文献
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Pituitary proliferative lesions derived from the endocrine cells of the pars distalis are frequently encountered and adenomas/carcinomas are a common cause of death in standard 2-year carcinogenicity studies using various rat strains, especially Sprague-Dawley. This report describes the immunohistochemical characteristics of pituitary tumors derived from the pars distalis in rats. Prolactin (PRL)-containing tumors are the most common, with PRL/growth hormone (GH) dual positive tumor masses (PRL/GH co-positive tumor masses) being more prevalent than only PRL-positive tumor masses (PRL single-positive tumor masses). GH-containing tumors are relatively numerous and many of these are also PRL/GH co-positive tumor masses. TSH-containing tumors are common in females. PRL-containing tumors have been shown to increase the incidence of hyperlactation in males and mammary adenomas/adenocarcinomas in females, suggesting that these masses are functional tumors. 相似文献
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应用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法发现羊垂体前叶有降钙素基因相关肽免疫反应神经纤维存在,这些纤维呈串球状分布于结节部及远侧部前２／３区域。纤维形态多样,细长者穿行于腺细胞之间;短小弯曲者围绕于腺细胞周围;反复分支折叠盘曲缠绕成团簇状者将腺细胞成堆的网络其中。神经纤维及串珠与腺细胞关系密切,提示有可能对腺细胞分泌起直接支配作用。在纤维分布区域可见散在的免疫反应细胞,形态不规则,大部分与神经纤维无接触关系,但有少数可位于纤维的网络之中。Ｐ物质免疫反应神经纤维及细胞在羊垂体前叶分布稀疏,且多位于结节部,远侧部很少。 相似文献
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Two experiments were conducted in ovariectomized, pituitary stalk-transected ewes to determine if dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) or serotonin (5-HT) alter secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (PRL). In experiment 1, ewes were infused (iv) with saline (control), DA (66 micrograms/kg/min), NE (6.6 micrograms/kg/min) or 5-HT (6.6 micrograms/kg/min). Treatments did not alter pulse frequency, but 5-HT increased (P less than .05) amplitude of pulses of LH and mean concentrations of LH, DA and NE were without effect on basal secretion of LH. DA but not NE or 5-HT decreased (P less than .05) the release of LH in response to gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH, 25 micrograms, im). Concentrations of FSH were not affected by treatments. Secretion of PRL was reduced (P less than .05) by treatment with DA and NE but not 5-HT. Each amine reduced (P less than .05) the release of PRL in response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH; 3 micrograms, im). In experiment 2, ewes were given DA at doses of 0, 0.66, 6.6 or 66.0 micrograms/kg/min, iv. No dose altered basal LH, but each dose reduced (P less than .05) basal and TRH-induced release of PRL. Key findings from these studies include direct pituitary action for: (1) 5-HT enhanced basal secretion of LH, (2) suppression of GnRH-induced secretion of LH by DA. (3) DA and NE inhibition of PRL secretion, and (4) DA, NE and 5-HT inhibition of release of PRL in response to TRH. 相似文献
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Plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (PRL) were determined over a 24-h period using radioimmunoassay in sheep injected with corn oil (control) or various doses of zeranol or estradiol-17 beta. Injection of .333, 1 or 10 mg of zeranol caused dose-related increases (P less than .01) in plasma PRL (peak levels at 12 to 18 h) and LH (peak levels at 12 to 20 h) in ovariectomized ewes. Similarly, PRL and LH increased following doses of 33 or 100 microgram of estradiol. Before the LH surge, plasma LH levels were significantly depressed (4 to 8 h). Plasma FSH levels were significantly decreased 4 to 8 h after zeranol and estradiol injection. Slight surges of FSH were observed at times similar to those of LH, but the peak level was never greater than control levels. Injection of 1 mg of zeranol or 100 microgram of estradiol into wethers resulted in a 24-h pattern of PRL secretion not significantly different of LH concentration and significantly prolonged inhibition of FSH secretion. These results indicate similarities in the effects of zeranol and estradiol on anterior pituitary hormone secretion within groups of animals of the same sex or reproductive state. Differences in secretion and plasma concentrations of LH, FSH and PRL due to underlying sexual dimorphism are maintained and expressed even when animals are challenged with structurally different compounds of varying estrogenic potencies. 相似文献
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猪垂体细胞单层培养 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本研究建立了猪垂体前叶细胞单层培养模型 ,并进行了免疫细胞化学研究。结果显示 ,用 0 2 5 %胶原酶 ,0 0 5 %透明质酸酶和 0 0 1%DNA酶消化垂体前叶 2次 ,每个垂体可获 5× 10 8个细胞 ,细胞活率在 90 %以上。用含 10 %小牛血清的McCoy’s 5A培养液培养 2 0h ,细胞贴壁 ,4 0h左右形成单层 ,形成单层后换无血清培养液仍维持生长。抗LH和FSH免疫细胞化学染色表明 ,大多数LH阳性细胞同时也是FSH阳性细胞。在单层细胞中 ,LH和FSH阳性细胞占细胞总数的比例不足 10 %。本培养模型可用于体外研究垂体细胞的功能及调控 相似文献
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A study was conducted on the selective immunostaining of pituitary cells and pars nervosa of immature rainbow trout by antibody raised against the R1 subunit of the rat ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. In the pars distalis, the mammotrophs of the rostral pars distalis exhibited the most marked imunoreactivity, with the somatotrophs of the proximal pars distalis showing a consistently lower degree of immunoreactivity. No imunoreactivity was associated with the corticotrophs, thyrotrophs or gonadotrophs. In the pars intermedia, the melanotrophs showed no evidence of immunoreactivity, whereas the putative somatomammotrophs exhibited a wide inter-animal range of immunoreactivity. Some imunostaining was also evident in the anterior and posterior part of the pars nervosa, at the interface of the pars distalis or pars intermedia with the pars nervosa. 相似文献