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1.
Maltooligosyltrehalose synthase (MTSase) is one of the key enzymes involved in trehalose production from starch and catalyzes an intramolecular transglycosylation reaction by converting the alpha-1,4- to alpha,alpha-1,1-glucosidic linkage. Mutations at residues F206, F207, and F405 were constructed to change the selectivity of the enzyme because the changes in selectivity could reduce the side hydrolysis reaction of releasing glucose and thus increase trehalose production from starch. As compared with wild-type MTSase, F405Y and F405M MTSases had decreased ratios of the initial rate of glucose formation to that of trehalose formation in starch digestion at 75 degrees C when wild-type and mutant MTSases were, respectively, used with isoamylase and maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (MTHase). The highest trehalose yield from starch digestion was by the mutant MTSase having the lowest initial rate of glucose formation to trehalose formation, and this predicted high trehalose yield better than the ratio of catalytic efficiency for hydrolysis to that for transglycosylation.  相似文献   

2.
The maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (MTHase) mainly cleaves the alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkage next to the alpha-1,1-linked terminal disaccharide of maltooligosyltrehalose to produce trehalose and the maltooligosaccharide with lower molecular mass. In this study, the treZ gene encoding MTHase was PCR-cloned from Sulfolobus solfataricus ATCC 35092 and then expressed in Escherichia coli. A high yield of the active wild-type MTHase, 13300 units/g of wet cells, was obtained in the absence of IPTG induction. Wild-type MTHase was purified sequentially using heat treatment, nucleic acid precipitation, and ion-exchange chromatography. The purified wild-type MTHase showed an apparent optimal pH of 5 and an optimal temperature at 85 degrees C. The enzyme was stable at pH values ranging from 3.5 to 11, and the activity was fully retained after a 2-h incubation at 45-85 degrees C. The k(cat) values of the enzyme for hydrolysis of maltooligosyltrehaloses with degree of polymerization (DP) 4-7 were 193, 1030, 1190, and 1230 s(-1), respectively, whereas the k(cat) values for glucose formation during hydrolysis of DP 4-7 maltooligosaccharides were 5.49, 17.7, 18.2, and 6.01 s(-1), respectively. The K(M) values of the enzyme for hydrolysis of DP 4-7 maltooligosyltrehaloses and those for maltooligosaccharides are similar at the same corresponding DPs. These results suggest that this MTHase could be used to produce trehalose at high temperatures.  相似文献   

3.
大黄欧文氏菌（Erwinia rhapontici）蔗糖异构酶催化蔗糖异构为异麦芽酮糖和海藻酮糖,具有一个可能控制产物特异性的325RLDRD329基序。本研究以定点突变方法对该基序的带电荷氨基酸进行突变,共构建R325D、R328A、R328D、R328Q和D329N5个突变体。通过对突变体的酶学特性及突变体转化蔗糖的产物组成分析,结果显示所构建突变体的Km值上升约2～5倍,比活力下降至野生型SI比活力的11.8%～25.3%。HPLC分析显示Arg325和Arg328分别突变为Asp,导致产物中异麦芽酮糖/海藻酮糖的比例从6.93分别降至0.96和2.92,并伴随一个未知寡糖出现。Arg328突变为Ala和Gln同样导致反应产物中海藻酮糖比例上升,异麦芽酮糖比例下降。但是突变体D329N反应产物比例没有变化。以上结果表明325RLDRD329基序对大黄欧文氏菌蔗糖异构酶的酶活具有重要作用,并对酶的产物特异性产生影响。本研究结果将为该酶的作用机理研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

4.
Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase from Bacillus stearothermophilus ET1 (CGTase ET1) is a potential antistaling enzyme with cyclodextrin (CD)-forming activity. To reduce cyclization activity of CGTase ET1, phenylalanine residues at 191 and 255 were replaced with a glycine (F191G-CGTase ET1) and an isoleucine (F255I-CGTase ET1), respectively. Temperature optima of both mutant enzymes were lower than that of the wild-type. Cyclization activities of both mutants decreased dramatically, but F255I-CGTase ET1 showed a 2-fold higher hydrolytic activity than the wild-type enzyme. CD content of bread loaf treated with F191G-CGTase ET1 was 28.6% of that treated with wild-type, whereas no CD was detected in the loaf treated with F255I-CGTase ET1. Loaves treated with CGTase ET1 or either of the two mutants contained more of the larger maltooligosaccharides such as maltopentaose and maltohexaose than the control and the commercial antistaling enzyme-treated loaves. Retrogradation rates decreased significantly in the loaves treated with either mutant, which indicates the applicability of CGTase ET1 in the bread industry by modulating the cyclizing and hydrolyzing activities of the enzyme.  相似文献   

5.
Trehalose synthase (TS) from Thermus thermophilus (TtTS) is a thermostable enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of maltose into trehalose by intramolecular transglucosylation. It has a relatively higher thermophilicity and thermostability and a better conversion ratio for trehalose production than other known TSs from different sources at present. By amino acid sequences and the schematic motif alignment of trehalose synthase-related enzymes, it was found that TtTS (965 amino acid residues) contains a particular C-terminal fragment that is not found in most other TSs. To verify the function of this fragment, C-terminal deletion and enzyme fusion were respectively performed to explain the important role this fragment plays in the formation of trehalose. First, the C terminus (TtTSDeltaN, 415 amino acid residues) of TtTS is deleted to construct a TtTSDeltaC containing 550 amino acids. Furthermore, a novel cold-active TS was cloned and purified from Deinococcus radiodurans (DrTS, 552 amino acid residues) and then a fusion protein was created with TtTSDeltaN at the C terminus of DrTS (DrTS-TtTSDeltaN). It was found that the recombinant TtTStriangle upC enzyme had a lower thermostability and a higher byproduct than TtTS in catalyzing the conversion of maltose into trehalose. On the other hand, the recombinant DrTS-TtTSDeltaN enzyme had a higher thermostability and a lower byproduct than DrTS in their reactions. The above-mentioned results allowed the inference that the C terminus of TtTS plays a key role in maintaining its thermostability and hence in modulating the side reaction to reduce glucose production at a high temperature. A new, simple, and fast method to improve thermophilicity by fusing this fragment with particular conformation to a thermolabile enzyme is offered.  相似文献   

6.
AprE51 from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CH51 is a 27 kDa subtilisin-like protease with fibrinolytic activity. To enhance the catalytic activity of AprE51, two residues, Gly-169 and Ser-101, which, according to the three-dimensional structural model of subtilisin, are located in the P1 substrate-binding site and S3 subsite, respectively, were mutated by site-directed mutagenesis. Results of the mutational analysis showed that substitution of alanine for Gly-169 increased the fibrinolytic activity 1.4-fold. All four Ser-101 mutations, that is, replacements with arginine, leucine, lysine, and tryptophan, also increased the fibrinolytic activity up to 3.9-fold. The S101W mutant with a bulky side chain was more active than mutants with a positively charged or nonpolar small side chains. The fibrinolytic activity of the S101W mutant was further increased by error-prone polymerase chain reaction. The AprE51-6 mutant (S101W/G169A/V192A) had stronger fibrinolytic activity than the S101W mutant. Purified AprE51-6 had a 2.5-fold higher k(cat) and a 2.3-fold lower K(m), which resulted in a 6-fold increase in catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) relative to that of wild-type AprE51. In addition, AprE51-6 showed a relatively broader pH range and increased thermostability as compared to AprE51.  相似文献   

7.
梨渣固态发酵培养多粘类芽孢杆菌的工艺   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为了充分利用梨渣这一资源,该文以新鲜鸭梨渣为主要原料,采用固态发酵方式,研究了梨渣与麸皮比例、外加氮源、无机盐、装瓶量、培养温度和时间对生防用多粘类芽孢杆菌D1生长及产芽孢的影响。研究发现,梨渣是一个良好的固态发酵原料,适合培养多粘类芽孢杆菌。当梨渣与麸皮的质量比为5∶2时,获得最大活细胞数,为2.5×109 cfu/g。向梨渣发酵培养基中添加尿素、硝酸钠和豆饼粉可明显提高活菌数和芽孢数,其中添加豆饼粉的效果较好。培养基中添加质量分数为0.5%磷酸二氢钾极大地促进了菌体生长和芽孢的形成。随着培养基装瓶量的增加,芽孢数也随之明显减少。多粘类芽孢杆菌D1的较适培养温度为34°C,较适培养时间为120 h。适宜培养条件下的活菌数、芽孢数和芽孢率分别为5.09×109 cfu/g、4.78×109 cfu/g和93.9%。该研究结果为利用梨渣发酵生产多粘类芽孢杆菌菌剂提供参考。  相似文献   

8.
Phosphine residues were determined in 2 types of rice samples, raw polished and parboiled. The yellow chromophore due to phosphine from raw polished rice had 2 absorption maxima, a strong one at 370-380 nm and a weaker one at 400-410 nm. The chromophore from parboiled rice also had 2, one at 390-400 nm and the other at 410-420 nm. A closed system containing rice and a phosphine tablet or powder yielded 93-99% recovery of fortified phosphine. At any given dose of phosphine, parboiled rice retained a higher amount of residue after aeration than did raw polished rice.  相似文献   

9.
A trehalose synthase (TSase) gene from a hyperacidophilic, thermophilic archaea, Picrophilus torridus, was synthesized using overlap extension PCR and transformed into Escherichia coli for expression. The purified recombinant P. torridus TSase (PTTS) showed an optimum pH and temperature of 6.0 and 45 degrees C, respectively, and the enzyme maintained high activity at pH 5.0 and 60 degrees C. Kinetic analysis showed that the enzyme has a 2.5-fold higher catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(M)) for maltose than for trehalose, indicating maltose as the preferred substrate. The maximum conversion rate of maltose into trehalose by the enzyme was independent of the substrate concentration, tended to increase at lower temperatures, and reached approximately 71% at 20 degrees C. Enzyme activity was inhibited by Hg2+, Al3+, and SDS. Five amino acid residues that are important for alpha-amylase family enzyme catalysis were shown to be conserved in PTTS (Asp203, Glu245, Asp311, His106, and His310) and required for its activity, suggesting this enzyme might employ a similar hydrolysis mechanism.  相似文献   

10.
The aim of this laboratory study was to investigate the effect of straw and vinasses on the nitrogen (N) mineralization-immobilization turnover of celery residues during two periods (each simulating a time period from autumn till spring) under laboratory conditions. During the first period (1-198 d), 15N-labelled celery residues (1.1 g dry matter (DM) kg−1 soil) were incubated together with straw (8.1 g DM kg−1 soil), aiming to immobilize the N released from celery residues, followed by an incorporation of vinasses (1.9 g DM kg−1 soil) after 84 d, with a view to remineralizing the immobilized celery-N. During the second period (198-380 d), the experimental set-up was repeated, except that non-labelled celery residues were used. Total N, mineral N and their 15N enrichments as well as microbial biomass N were determined at regular time intervals. During both periods, mixing celery residues with straw significantly increased microbial biomass N (90.5 and 40.5 mg N kg−1 extra compared to celery only treatment) and decreased the amount of mineral N (reduction of 56.1 and 45.9 mg N kg−1 soil compared to celery only treatment) and the celery-derived mineral 15N (0% of mineral celery-derived 15N in straw treatment compared to 35% of mineral celery-derived 15N in celery only treatment). After maximum immobilization, a natural remineralization (without addition of vinasses) of 32.2 (at day 198) and 11.1 mg N kg−1 soil (at day 380) occurred in the straw treatment, but the mineral N content remained significantly lower than in the celery only treatment during the complete experiment, and the amount of remineralized celery-15N was very low (5.4% of celery-derived 15N after 380 d). Vinasses caused no real priming effect, although it did slightly increase the amount of remineralized celery-15N (+6.4% of celery-derived 15N at day 380 compared to the straw treatment), probably due an apparent added N interaction caused by displacement reactions with the soil microbial biomass.  相似文献   

11.
B ar -Y osef , B., B arrow , N. J. & G oldshmid , J. (eds). Inorganic Contaminants in the Vadose Zone.
B oddy , L., M archant , R. & R ead , D. J. (eds) Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur Utilization by Fungi.
B ouwman , A. F. (ed.) Soils and the Greenhouse Effect.
C oyne , L. M., M ckeever , S. W. S. & B lake , D. F. (eds) Spectroscopic Characterization of Minerals and their Surfaces.
D agan , G. Flow and Transport in Porous Formations.
G erstl , Z., C hen , Y., M ingelgrin , U. & Y aron , B. (eds) Toxic Organic Chemicals in Porous Media.
G liessman S. R. (ed.) Agroecology: Researching the Ecological Basis for Sustainable Agriculture.
H ansen , J. A. & H endriksen , K. (eds) Nitrogen in Organic Wastes Applied to Soils.
I dso , S. B. Carbon Dioxide and Global Change: Earth in Transition.
K imball , B. A. (ed.) Impact of Carbon Dioxide, Trace Gases, and Climate Change on Global Agriculture.
L ynch , J. M. (ed.) The Rhizosphere.
M ing , D. W. & H enninger , D. L. (eds) Lunar Base Agriculture: Soils for Plant Growth.
W ood , M. Soil Biology. Blackie, Glasgow. 1989. 154 pp. £23.00 (hardback), £10.95 (paperback).
Y oung , A. Agroforestry for Soil Conservation.
A ndriesse , J. P. Nature and Management of Tropical Peat Soils.
D alzell , I. D. et al. Soil Management: Compost Production and Use in Tropical and Sub-Tropical Environments.
G irard , M. C. & GIRARD, C. M. Télédétection Appliqué.
H ornby , D. (ed.) Biological Control of Soil-Borne Plant Pathogens.
H udson , N. W. Soil and Water Conservation in Semi-Arid Areas.
L obo , V. M. M. Handbook of Electrolyte Solutions
L owrison , G. C. Fertilizer Technology.
S heng , T. C. Soil Conservation for Small Farmers in the Humid Tropics.
U nger , P. W. Tillage Systems for Soil and Water Conservation.
W are , G. W. (ed.) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology  相似文献   

12.
A rapid analytical method for determining chlorinated pesticide residues in milk was developed. Thirteen pesticides were almost completely extracted. Ten mL samples of fortified milk were extracted 3 times with 20 mL portions of n-hexane as follows: (A) in the absence of water-soluble solvent; in the presence of (B) 1 mL acetonitrile; (C) 3 mL acetonitrile; (D) 5 mL acetonitrile; (E) 5 mL ethanol; (F) 5 mL acetonitrile and 1 mL ethanol. System F produced the highest pesticide recoveries but the lowest fat extraction, thus eliminating the necessity for liquid-liquid partitioning and minimizing Florisil column cleanup. Pesticide recoveries throughout the procedure were 94--103%. It was noticed, however, that the fat in high fat-containing raw milk is more readily extracted than that in commercial milk.  相似文献   

13.
While many ecosystem processes depend on biodiversity, the relationships between agricultural plant diversity and soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics remains controversial. Our objective was to examine how temporal plant diversity (i.e. crop rotation) influences residue decomposition, a key ecosystem function that regulates nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas emissions, and soil organic matter formation. We incubated soils from five long-term crop rotations, located at W.K. Kellogg Biological Station LTER in southwestern Michigan, USA, with and without four chemically diverse crop residues. Increasing crop biodiversity increased soil potentially mineralizable C by 125%, increased hydrolytic enzyme activity by 46%, but decreased oxidative enzyme activity by 20% in soils before residue was added. After residue additions, soils from more diverse cropping systems decomposed all residues more rapidly (0.2–8.3% greater mass loss) compared to monoculture corn. The fast-cycling, ‘Active C’ pool and microbial biomass N increased with higher cropping diversity, but the differences among rotations in Active C pools was higher for the most recalcitrant residues. Further, the ratio of the cellulose degrading enzyme (β-glucosidase) to the lignin degrading enzyme (phenol oxidase) was highest in the two most diverse crop rotations regardless of residue additions, providing additional evidence of enhanced microbial activity and substrate acquisition in more diverse rotations. Our study shows that crop diversity over time influences the processing of newly-added residues, microbial dynamics, and nutrient cycling. Diversifying crop rotations has the potential to enhance soil ecosystem functions and is critical to maintaining soil services in agricultural systems.  相似文献   

14.
A well-rotten mixture of rice straw and calcium cyanamide (rice straw compost prepared indoors) was separated physically into four fractions using a combination of methods which involved sieving, sedimentation and centrifugation. The four fractions obtained were Fl-3 (>0.043 mm), F4 (sedimented at 4°C), F5 (sedimented by centrifugation at 104 × g for 10 min) and F6 (supernatant). The air-dried and pulverized fractions were mixed with upland soils and incubated for 4 weeks at 30°C under upland conditions. The amount of nitrogen mineralized in each fraction was determined, In a red yellow soil, 11.2% of the organic nitrogen present in the unfractionated, air-dried sample was mineralized, compared with 6.8% in volcanic ash soil. The contribution of fraction F5 to the total amount of mineralized nitrogen in wet compost was the highest, followed by F6. Fraction Fl-3 showed immobilization of inorganic nitrogen in both soil types. On the other hand, fractionated samples obtained after air-drying the wet compost showed no immobilization for Fl-3, although the values obtained for other fractions were similar to those obtained for the corresponding fractions of wet compost.

Well-rotten plant residues such as rice straw (compost prepared outdoors), Timothy and Ladino clover were air-dried, then separated into fractions and analyzed for elementary composition as well as inorganic nitrogen content using the same procedures. Although the amounts of mineralized nitrogen were higher in fractions F5 and F6 compared with other fractions, the values were much lower compared with those of undecomposed plant residues.

It was found that the amount of organic nitrogen mineralized in soil was affected not only by the C/N ratio of the plant residues but also by the differences in characteristics or properties of the plant materials and soils.  相似文献   

15.
Due to their direct contact with the soil, roots are exposed to colonizing micro-organisms that persist after the plant has died. These micro-organisms may affect intrinsic root-chemical quality and the kinetics of root residue decomposition in soil, or interact with soil micro-organisms during the decomposition process. The aims in this work were i) to determine the interactions between the presence of root-colonizing micro-organisms and root-chemical quality and ii) to quantify the effect of these micro-organisms on root decomposition. Roots were selected from six maize genotypes cultivated in the field and harvested at physiological maturity. The roots of two genotypes (F2 and F2bm1) had a higher N content, lower neutral sugars content and higher Klason lignin content than the other genotypes (F292, F292bm3, Mexxal, Colombus). Location of the root residue micro-organisms by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that F2 and F2bm1 roots were more colonized than roots of the other genotypes. Electron Dispersive X-Ray microanalyses of in situ N confirmed a higher N content in the colonizing micro-organisms than in the root cell walls. Residues of F2 and F2bm1 roots decomposed more slowly and to a lesser extent than those of the other genotypes during incubation in a silty loam soil under controlled conditions (15 °C, −80 kPa). After 49 days, 40.6% of the total C from F292 was mineralized but only 20.7% of from F2bm1. These results suggest that residue-colonizing micro-organisms decompose the cell-wall sugars to varying extents before soil decomposition thereby modifying the chemical quality of the residues and their mineralization pattern in soil. Due to their high N content, colonizing micro-organisms also impact on the total N content of root residues, reducing their C to N ratio. Gamma sterilized root residues were incubated under the same conditions as non-sterilized residues to see if micro-organisms colonizing root residues could modify the action of soil micro-organisms during decomposition. Similar C mineralization rates were observed for both non-sterilized and sterilized residues, indicating that the residue micro-organisms did not quantitatively affect the activity of soil micro-organisms.  相似文献   

16.
The use of organic residues might be appropriate in maintaining long‐term P requirement of crops. Eight plant residues and two manures in a wide range of C : N ratios were incubated for 12 weeks at 25°C, during which the processes of decomposition and formation of acid‐extractable P (P release) were assessed. Residues were incubated moist in bags and inoculated with a soil suspension. The exponential model was found to be suitable to describe decomposition and P‐release rates from residues. There were two distinct parts of P release in each time curve, which gave two rate constants and were calculated as the slope of each part. The rates of P release of the residues were considerably higher during the first 4 weeks of incubation than during the second phase of incubation (weeks 5–12). Phosphorus release by residues was similar to the decomposition pattern. The residue P content was correlated with P release, but not with decomposition rate. Mass loss and release of P were greater from sunflower and wheat residues than from sheep manure, suggesting that a high C : N ratio does not necessarily retard decomposition. The model parameters of P release were derived which are suitable to estimate the P‐fertilizer effect of organic residues. Our results suggest that the use of organic residues as a source for short‐ and long‐term P supply for crops should be encouraged.  相似文献   

17.
测墒补灌和施氮对冬小麦产量及氮素吸收分配的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
采用田间试验裂区设计方法,研究了测墒补灌和施氮对冬小麦产量及氮素吸收分配的影响。补灌设3个水平,在冬小麦拔节期0—40cm土层补灌至土壤目标相对含水量的60%(W_1),70%(W_2)和80%(W_3)。施氮设3个水平:不施氮(N_0)、施纯氮195kg/hm~2(N_(195))和255kg/hm~2(N_(255))。结果表明:(1)不同补灌和施氮对冬小麦关键生育期株高、叶面积影响效果较为显著,同一补灌处理下,其冬小麦株高、叶面积均表现为N_(255)N_(195)N0(p0.05)。N_(195)、N_(255)处理显著高于N_0处理,但N_(195)及N_(255)处理间无显著性差异(p0.05),同一施氮处理下,W_2(569.4m~3/hm~2)、W_3(873.45m~3/hm~2)处理显著高于W_1(265.2m~3/hm~2)处理,但W_2及W_3处理间无显著性差异(p0.05)。说明过量施氮和补灌对冬小麦株高、叶面积无显著性作用。(2)同一施氮水平下,补灌对冬小麦的增产效应随施氮量的增加呈下降趋势,说明施氮和补灌对冬小麦产量存在一定的临界值,超过临界值,产量下降。当施氮量为195kg/hm~2,补灌量为田间持水量的70%(569.4m~3/hm~2)时达最高产8 500kg/hm~2。(3)冬小麦成熟期,施氮处理的植株氮素积累量显著高于不施氮处理(p0.05),但在W_2、W_3处理下,N_(255)相较于N_(195)显著下降(p0.05),特别是在W_3(873.45m~3/hm~2)水平下,N_(255)甚至低于N_0处理;在N_0、N_(195)处理下,植株氮素积累量随补灌量的增加显著增加(p0.05),但在N_(255)处理下并无显著差异(p0.05),说明适量补灌、施氮可提高冬小麦的吸氮能力,但过量补灌、施氮并不利于植株对氮素的吸收。(4)拔节期补灌量的增加虽提高了冬小麦的吸氮能力,促进冬小麦吸收较多的氮素,却抑制了冬小麦体的氮素向籽粒的转移和分配。综合考虑冬小麦生长状况及氮素风险状况,建议施氮量为195kg/hm~2、补灌至田间持水量的70%(569.4m~3/hm~2),作为该区域适宜的水、肥用量。  相似文献   

18.
A fusion gene that encoded a polypeptide of 1495 amino acids was constructed from the beta-amylase (BA) gene of Clostridium thermosulfurogenes and trehalose synthase (TS) gene of Thermus thermophilus. The fused gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and a recombinant bifunctional fusion protein with BA at the N-terminal (BATS) or C-terminal (TSBA) of TS having both beta-amylase and trehalose synthase activities with an apparent molecular mass of 164 kDa was obtained. BATS or TSBA catalyzes the sequential reaction in which maltose is formed from starch and then is converted into trehalose. The Km values of the BATS and TSBA fusion enzymes for the reaction from starch to trehalose were smaller than those of an equimolar mixture of BA and TS (BA/TS). On the other hand, the kcat value of BATS approximated that of the BA/TS mixture, but that of TSBA exceeded it. TSBA showed much higher sequential catalytic efficiency than the separately expressed BA/TS mixture. The catalytic efficiency of TSBA or BATS was 3.4 or 2.4 times higher, respectively, than that of a mixture of individual enzymes, showing the kinetic advantage of the fusion enzyme. The thermal stability readings of the recombinant fusion enzymes BATS and TSBA were better than that of the mixture of individual recombinant enzymes. These results apparently demonstrate that fusion enzymes catalyzing sequential reactions have kinetic advantages over a mixture of both enzymes.  相似文献   

19.
B atey , T. Soil Husbandry. A Practical Guide to the Use and Management of Soils. Soil & Land Use Consultants, Aberdeen, 1988. 157 pp. L16.50 (hardback), £10.50 (paperback).
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H irekerur , L. R., S ehgal , J. L., P al , D. K. & D eshpande , S. B. (eds) Classification, Management and Use Potential of Swell-Shrink Soils.
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J ohnson , D. W. & V an H ook , R. I. (eds) Analysis of Biogeochemical Cycling Processes in Walker Branch Watershed.
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S tewart , B. A. (ed.) Advances in Soil Science, Vol. 9.
S tewart , B. A. (ed.) Advances in Soil Science, Vol. 10.
W are , G. W. (ed.) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Vol. 108.
B uckley , G. D. (ed.) Biological Habitat Reconstruction.
S haxson , T. F., H udson , N. W., S anders , D. W., R oose , E. & M oldenhauer , W. C. (eds) Land Husbandry: A Framework for Soil and Water Conservation.  相似文献   

20.
Book reviews in this article: Arora , D. K., Rai , B., Mukerji , K. G. & Knudsen , G. R. (eds) Handbook of Applied Mycology: Vol. I, Soils and Plants. Bullock , P. & Gregory , P. J., (eds) Soils in the Urban Environment. Buol , S. W., Hole , F. D. & Mccracken , R. J. Soil Genesis and Classification. Duchaufour , P. Pédologie: Sol, végétation, environnement. Abrégés. Follett , R. F., Keeney , D. R. & Cruse , R. M., (eds) Managing Nitrogen for Groundwater Quality and Farm Profitability. Groot , J. J. R., De Willingen , P. & Verberne , E. L. J., (eds) Nitrogen Turnover in the Soil-Crop System. Jury , W. A., Gardner , W. R. & Gardner , W. M. Soil Physics. Kienitz , G., Milly , P. C. D., Van Genuchten , M. T., Rosbjerg , D. & Shuttleworth , W. J. (eds). Hydrological Interactions Between Atmosphere, Soil and Vegetation. Klausner , Y. Fundamentals of Continuum Mechanics of Soils. Landon , J. R., (ed.) Booker Tropical Soil Manual. Last , F. T. & Watling , R., (eds) Acidic Deposition: Its Nature and Impacts. Mc Michael , B. L. & Person , H., (eds) Plant Roots and Their Environment. Merian , E., (ed) Metals and their Compounds in the Environment: Occurrence, Analysis and Biological Relevance. Møberg , J. P. & Breuning Madsen , H., (eds) Soil Research in Denmark. Nahon , D. B. Introduction to the Petrology of Soils and Chemical Weathering. Nettleton , W. D., (ed.) Occurrence, Characteristics and Genesis of Carbonate, Gypsum, and Silica Accumulations in Soils. Roth , K., Flühler , H., Jury , W. A. & Parker , J. C., (eds) Field-Scale Water and Solute Flux in Soils. Ulrich , B & Sumner , M. E., (eds) Soil Acidity. Wilson , W. S., (ed.) Advances in Soil Organic Matter Research: The Impact on Agriculture and the Environment. OTHER BOOKS RECEIVED Mason , C. F. Biology of Freshwater Pollution. Midgley , D. & Torrance , K. Potentiometric Water Analysis. Sleper , D. A., Barker , T. C. & Bramel -Cox , P. J., (eds) Plant Breeding and Sustainable Agriculture: Considerations for Objectives and Methods. Undersander , D. et al. Alfalfa Management Guide.  相似文献   

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