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Cécile Clercx Dominique Peeters 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2007,37(5):917-35, vi
Eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP) is a disease characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the lung and bronchial mucosa, as demonstrated by examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytologic preparations or histologic examination of the bronchial mucosa. Although the precise cause of EBP is unknown, a hypersensitivity to aeroallergens is suspected. The diagnosis relies on typical history and clinical signs, demonstration of bronchopulmonary eosinophilia by cytology or histopathologic examination, and exclusion of known causes of lower airway eosinophilia. Most dogs display an excellent response to oral corticosteroid therapy; however, side effects of this treatment can be limiting. New therapeutic approaches are being studied, including the use of aerosol therapy, cyclosporine, or drugs interfering with T helper 2 immune response. 相似文献
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Krafft E Heikkilä HP Jespers P Peeters D Day MJ Rajamäki MM Mc Entee K Clercx C 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2011,25(5):990-996
Background: Diagnosis of canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is challenging. Endothelin‐1 (ET1) is a biomarker of IPF in humans, but whether ET1 can detect and differentiate IPF from other canine respiratory diseases is unknown. Objective: To evaluate whether measurement of the concentration of ET1 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) can be used to distinguish canine IPF from chronic bronchitis (CB) and eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP). Animals: Twelve dogs with IPF, 10 dogs with CB, 6 dogs with EBP, 13 privately owned healthy West Highland White Terriers (WHWT), and 9 healthy Beagle dogs. Methods: Prospective, case control study. ET1 concentration was determined by ELISA in serum and in BALF. Results: No significant difference in serum ET1 concentration was detected between healthy Beagle dogs and WHWT. Serum ET1 concentration was higher in dogs with IPF (median interquartile range; 2.32 pg/mL, 2.05–3.38) than healthy Beagle dogs (1.28, 1.07–1.53; P < .001), healthy WHWT (1.56, 1.25–1.85; P < .001), dogs with EBP (0.94 0.68–1.01; P = .001), and dogs with CB (1.54 0.74–1.82; P = .005). BALF ET1 concentration was below the detection limit in healthy WHWT and in dogs with CB, whereas it was measurable in all dogs with IPF. A cut‐off serum concentration of 1.8 pg/mL had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 81.2% for detection of IPF, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.818. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Serum ET1 can differentiate dogs with IPF from dogs with EBP or CB. ET1 can be detected in BALF of dogs with IPF. 相似文献
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Maeda S Mizuno T Yamashita K Kurata K Masuda K Ohno K Tsujimoto H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2001,63(9):1035-1038
Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) is known as a functional ligand for CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4), which is selectively expressed on Th2 lymphocytes and induces selective migration of the cells to allergic lesions. In this study, we cloned canine TARC cDNA from canine thymus by RT-PCR with rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. The canine TARC clone contained a full-length open reading frame encoding 99 amino acids and included four cysteine residues characteristic to CC chemokine family. The canine TARC cDNA showed 77.5%, 67.4%, and 68.5% amino acid sequence similarity with human, mouse and rat homologues, respectively. Expression of TARC mRNA was detected not only in thymus but also in spleen, lymph node, lung and heart of the various normal dog tissues examined. TARC cDNA clone obtained in this study will be useful for further investigation on allergic diseases in dogs. 相似文献
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Riihimäki M Raine A Art T Lekeux P Couëtil L Pringle J 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,122(3-4):256-264
The aim of this study was to investigate mRNA levels of cytokines in bronchial epithelium in horses with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) during acute crisis and remission. Additionally, cytokine mRNA levels in endobronchial biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells were compared. Seven RAO horses were examined while in respiratory crisis following provocation and again while in remission after 2 months on pasture, during which time six healthy horses on pasture were also examined. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to assess mRNA expression for cytokines IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17 and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) in endobronchial biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage. Expression of IL-8 mRNA was significantly upregulated during crisis in both endobronchial biopsies and BAL cells (p=0.036), while there was a similar trend for upregulation of IL-10 mRNA only in BAL cells that approached significance (p=0.059). Moreover, during crisis the expression of IL-8 mRNA in BAL cells was positively correlated to relative IL-6 mRNA expression (r(s)=0.971, p=0.001) and bronchial epithelial expression of IL-10 and TGF-beta1 mRNA were positively correlated (r(s)=0.943, p=0.005). In comparing the relationship of mRNA expression in BAL to biopsy in individual RAO horses, there was a positive correlation with IL-6 to IL-8 mRNA expression in BAL during respiratory crisis (r(s)=0.971, p=0.001) that also correlated positively with IL-8 expression in biopsies on pasture (r(s)=0.986, p<0.0001 for both). Regarding RAO horses at pasture versus controls neither the cytokine mRNA levels in endobronchial biopsy nor in BAL cells differed significantly. These results further support previous findings that IL-8 mRNA in both BAL cells and bronchial epithelium is upregulated in RAO horses during crisis. However, apart from IL-8, it appears that expression of other cytokines, including IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-beta1 in bronchial epithelium does not necessarily mirror cytokine expression in BAL cells in individual horses with RAO. Accordingly, examination of markers of inflammation in endobronchial tissue provides complementary but not necessarily identical information to that obtained in BAL cells. Given the potential for repeated sampling over time bronchial biopsy can serve as an invaluable additional tool for investigation of time-dependent changes in inflammatory process in this animal model of asthma. 相似文献
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Adamama-Moraitou KK Pardali D Day MJ Prassinos NN Kritsepi-Konstantinou M Patsikas MN Rallis TS 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,191(2):261-266
Canine bronchomalacia (BM) is characterized by weakness leading to collapse of the bronchial wall. A prospective study of 18 affected dogs (age range: 1-15 years) was undertaken to characterize the clinicopathological and histological features of BM. Poodles and Yorkshire terriers were commonly affected. Half of the dogs were overweight or obese. The clinical presentation was a mild, wheezing, chronic cough and pulmonary crackles were heard in 28% of the dogs. Compatible radiographic changes were present in 61% of the dogs. Using bronchoscopy, both lungs were affected in half of the animals, whereas in the others the disease appeared to affect predominantly the left lung. Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and biopsies of bronchial mucosa revealed pure or mixed neutrophilic inflammation. Underlying infectious bronchitis was considered possible in 56% of the dogs. It was concluded that canine BM may present as an isolated clinical entity associated with infection and/or inflammation. 相似文献
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Maeda S Okayama T Ohmori K Masuda K Ohno K Tsujimoto H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(2):275-278
Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) is a member of CC chemokine and plays an essential role in recruitment of CC chemokine receptor 4 positive Th2 cells to allergic lesion. To investigate the association of TARC in allergic inflammation of cats, a TARC cDNA was cloned from feline thymus by RT-PCR with 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. The feline TARC clone contained a full length open reading frame encoding 99 amino acids which shared 80.8%, 72.5%, 65.6% and 67.8% homology with dog, human, mouse and rat homologues, respectively. Expression of TARC mRNA was detected not only in thymus but also in spleen, lung, lymph node, kidney, small intestine, colon and skin of the normal cat tissues examined. Furthermore, it was found that TARC mRNA was strongly expressed in lesional skin of cats with eosinophilic plaque. The present results demonstrated that TARC might be involved in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic plaque in cats. 相似文献
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Maeda S Okayama T Omori K Masuda K Sakaguchi M Ohno K Tsujimoto H 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2002,90(3-4):145-154
CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is a G protein-coupled seven transmembrane receptor that is selectively expressed on Th2 cells and plays an important role in the trafficking of Th2 cells into inflammatory sites. In this study, a full-length canine CCR4 cDNA was cloned and characterized in order to examine the potential role of CCR4 in allergic responses that produce skin lesions in canine atopic dermatitis (AD). The canine CCR4 cDNA reported in this study contained an open reading frame of 1083 nucleotides encoding 360 amino acids. The predicted amino acid sequence of canine CCR4 showed 91.9, 85.3 and 84.5% similarity with those of the human, mouse and guinea pig counterparts, respectively. Expression of CCR4 mRNA was detected in various tissues including thymus, spleen, heart, small intestine and lymph node. Furthermore, it was found that CCR4 mRNA was preferentially expressed in lesional skin of dogs with AD, together with the mRNA of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), which is a ligand for CCR4. The present study demonstrates that CCR4 contributes strongly to the immunopathogenesis of canine AD. 相似文献
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The chemokine eotaxin is involved in the recruitment of eosinophils and T helper 2 lymphocytes in human allergic diseases, and drugs that block its activity, including eotaxin receptor (CCR3) antagonists, are being developed. The authors have recently cloned the horse ortholog of eotaxin and shown that it can induce equine eosinophil migration and activation in vitro. Moreover, eotaxin mRNA expression was upregulated in cultured horse dermal fibroblasts exposed to equine interleukin-4, suggesting a possible source of this eosinophil chemoattractant in equine skin. The results of this study show that eotaxin and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP) 1, but not MCP-2 or MCP-4, mRNA expression is upregulated in skin biopsies of sweet itch lesions when eosinophils are present, when compared with clinically normal skin from the same ponies. 相似文献
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Quantification of mRNA encoding cytokines and chemokines in nasal biopsies from dogs with sino-nasal aspergillosis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Canine sino-nasal aspergillosis is usually caused by Aspergillus fumigatus and is similar to human chronic erosive non-invasive fungal sinusitis. The pathogenesis of the disease is poorly understood. We investigated the nature of the local immune response mounted in canine sino-nasal aspergillosis. Quantitative RT-PCR was carried out on RNA isolated from nasal biopsies from diseased and control dogs, using specific assays designed to amplify mRNA encoding a panel of cytokines and chemokines. Canine sino-nasal aspergillosis was associated with significantly increased expression of mRNA encoding MCP-1, -2, -3 and -4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18 and TNF-alpha relative to controls (P<0.01) but there was no difference between groups with respect to IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12, TGF-beta, and eotaxin-2 and -3. The up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines related to the influx of phagocytic cells might account for the localisation of this infection to the upper respiratory tract. The up-regulation of the expression of the immunomodulatory cytokine IL-10 in nasal tissue from affected dogs might be important in limiting the extent of local tissue destruction, but might also account for the fact that infected dogs are generally unable to clear this infection spontaneously. 相似文献
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Clercx C Peeters D German AJ Khelil Y McEntee K Vanderplasschen A Schynts F Hansen P Detilleux J Day MJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2002,16(3):229-237
Immunologic variables in dogs with eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP) have not been extensively evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations and to perform phenotypic subtyping of lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood (PB) of 12 dogs with EBP at the time of diagnosis (TD) and to compare these data with those obtained in healthy dogs, as well as in EBP dogs after antibiotic therapy (TAB) and during corticosteroid treatment (TM). Matched samples of serum and BALF were used to determine Ig concentrations (IgG, IgM, and IgA) by capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), from which a secretory index (SI) was calculated. Lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in the BALF and PB by flow cytometry. Log values of BALF IgM and IgA were significantly higher (0.64+/-0.05 and 1.06+/-0.13, respectively) in EBP dogs at TD than in controls and then tended to decrease at TM (0.55+/-0.03 and 1.02+/-0.17, respectively). A calculated SI for IgA was not significantly increased. In the BALF of dogs with EBg the CD4: CD8 was significantly (P < .05) higher (22.6+/-30.3) than in controls (3.2+/-1.9), due to significantly higher CD4+ T cells and lower CD8+ T cells. At TM, the BALF T-cell percentages returned to normal (2.4+/-0.6). We propose that the influx of eosinophils into the airway of dogs with EBP is at least in part mediated by cytokines derived from CD4+ T cells. Further studies of canine cytokines and chemokines will help determine whether canine EBP involves type I hypersensitivity mechanisms regulated by Th2 lymphocytes. 相似文献
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Kleiber C McGorum BC Horohov DW Pirie RS Zurbriggen A Straub R 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2005,104(1-2):91-97
Equine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is thought to result from an aberrant immune response to inhaled antigens, modulated by T lymphocytes via the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However data relating to the phenotypes of the T lymphocytes present in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of RAO horses and their cytokine profiles are contradictory. The aim of this study was to further investigate the cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and INF-gamma) mRNA expression profile in peripheral blood lymphocytes and bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytes from RAO and control horses, before and at 48 h after horses were exposed to hay/straw. In contrast to previous studies, cytokine expression was quantified in populations of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes which were purified using magnetic bead antibody cell separation. Hay/straw exposure induced clinical airway obstruction, airway neutrophilia and airway lymphocytosis in RAO horses, and, induced a mild, but significant, airway neutrophilia in controls. However, hay/straw exposure had no significant effect on peripheral blood lymphocyte or bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocyte cytokine expression in either group. In conclusion, RAO was not associated with alterations in lymphocyte cytokine expression that are consistent with Th1 or Th2 responses, but rather with a general down-regulation in expression of the measured cytokines in peripheral blood lymphocytes and bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytes. 相似文献
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Toshitaka KANEI Munetaka IWATA Hiroaki KAMISHINA Takuya MIZUNO Sadatoshi MAEDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(1):25
C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) contributes to cell homing to lymph nodes (LNs). Recent studies reported that CCR7 is also expressed in tumor cells, which correlates with LN metastasis in various cancers. However, the expression of CCR7 in tumor cells is unknown in dogs due to the lack of appropriate antibodies. In the present study, a fusion protein of C-C chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19) was employed as an alternative method to CCR7 antibodies. The fusion CCL19 protein specifically detected CCR7 expressed in canine lymphoma cell lines, which showed active chemotaxis to both canine and mouse ligands. The present study will help further research on the involvement of canine CCR7 in LN metastasis. 相似文献
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