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1.
苦竹竹笋主要营养成分和微量元素的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
经对苦竹竹笋营养成分的测定,苦竹笋干物质中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、总灰分、还原糖的含量分别为:28.42%、4.89%、21.83%、5.47%、0.206 3%;每100 g鲜竹笋中维生素C的含量为15.4m g;每100 g竹笋干物质中Zn 5.379 m g、Cu 2.454 m g、C r 0.374 m g、F e 18.642 m g、Pb 0.018 5 m g。研究结果表明苦竹笋中粗蛋白质与粗纤维含量明显高于粗脂肪,属高蛋白、高纤维、低脂型可食蔬菜资源,对促进肠胃功能具有良好的保健作用。苦竹笋中富含锌、铜、铬和铁,对由于缺乏锌、铜、铬和铁而引起身体多种功能紊乱的患者有一定的裨补作用。 相似文献
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核桃花序饲用营养价值及应用展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
测定了核桃花序粗蛋白质、粗纤维、粗脂肪、灰分、胃蛋白酶消化率、氨基酸、部分矿物质和维生素的含量及胃蛋白酶消化率,结果表明,粗蛋白质含量为24.89%、粗纤维含量18.08%、粗脂肪含量为3.5%、灰分为13.01%、胃蛋白酶消化率63.65%,17种氨基酸的总量为12.17%,钙含量为0.46%、磷含量为0.57%。维生素B2含量为2.23 mg/kg,维生素E含量为7.16 IU/kg,维生素B1未检出。与其他饲料相比,核桃花序有综合开发价值大、成本低、安全性高的特点。 相似文献
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大百合鳞茎营养成分分析与评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
按照国家标准的分析方法,对大百合成熟鳞茎的营养成分进行了测定,并与6种常用蔬菜的相应含量进行了比较。结果表明,大百合鳞茎中蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、碳水化合物和维生素C的含量分别为1.59 g/100g、1.25 g/100g、4.0 g/100g、6.76 g/100g、2.7 mg/100g,其中粗纤维、粗脂肪含量明显高于6种常用蔬菜;大百合鳞茎的蛋白质和碳水化合物明显低于百合,但比大白菜和白萝卜的高;大百合鳞茎的维生素C含量低于6种常用蔬菜。每千克鳞茎干物质中矿质元素的含量为:P 222mg,Ca 183 mg,K 2 348 mg,Mg 17.1 mg,Fe 4.2mg,Zn 5.3 mg,Cu 0.34 mg,Mn 4.1 mg,其中Ca、Zn、Mn的含量略高于百合,其他元素含量则低于百合。大百合鳞茎的蛋白质中含有17种氨基酸,包括7种人体必需氨基酸。总氨基酸(TAA)、人体必需氨基酸(EAA)和人体非必需氨基酸(NEAA)的含量分别为50.6 g/kg,17.6 g/kg,30.1 g/kg。其所含的人体必需氨基酸占总氨基酸(EAA/TAA)的34.78%,人体必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA)为58.47%,接近推荐的理想蛋白模式。大百合鳞茎富含粗纤维、矿质元素和氨基酸,其粗纤维含量明显高于粗脂肪和粗蛋白质含量,属高纤维且营养全面的野生食用蔬菜,具有很大开发潜力。 相似文献
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运用化学分析的方法,测定了采自吉首大学校园的棕榈种子和花序的部分营养成分。结果表明,棕榈种子中的灰分（1．43％）和蛋白质（0．48％）含量高于花序,粗淀粉含量达48．3％。花序中的可溶性糖（0．45％）、粗纤维（45．22％）、粗脂肪（3．17％）、有机酸（2．56％）和维生素C （4．52％）含量高于种子。种子和花序中的微量元素表现为K含量最高,P、M n、Zn、Fe次之,Cu含量最少,种子中的Zn含量低于花序。棕榈种子和花序具有高纤维、高钾和低脂肪、低热量的营养优点,但蛋白质和维生素C含量偏低。 相似文献
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三种薇菜产品营养成分的分析与比较 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
以南薇菜干、北薇菜干、水煮薇菜为原料,对它们的水分、灰分、粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪、胡萝卜素、Vc、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Se等营养成分进行了分析。结果表明:水煮薇菜含水量最高达到85.7%,两种薇菜干的水分含量差异不显著,但与水煮薇菜水分含量有极显著差异。南北薇菜干灰分和K含量差异显著,水煮薇菜含量最低与两种菜干均有极显著差异;水煮薇菜的粗脂肪和胡萝卜素含量最低与南薇菜干都有极显著差异,南北薇菜干间只有粗脂肪含量差异显著。三种菜样间Ca含量都有极显著差异,但Fe含量差异都不显著。粗蛋白、粗纤维、Vc、Na、Mg、Se、Cu南北薇菜干间无显著差异,水煮薇菜含量最低与两种菜干都有极显著差异。 相似文献
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对巴山木竹笋、叶的营养成分按不同出土时间和不同龄级分别进行了测定,并对比了巴山木竹笋、叶的营养价值。结果表明:巴山木竹竹笋、叶中灰分、粗纤维含量随着出土时间和龄级的增加逐渐增加,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量逐渐减少。巴山木竹竹叶中的微量元素除了Ca含量随着龄级增长而增加,其余均大致随着龄级增长而减少。巴山木竹竹笋和竹叶共含有17种常见氨基酸,种类齐全,其中包括8种必需氨基酸。笋、叶中氨基酸总量均随时间推移而减少,但必须氨基酸与总氨基酸的比值却有所增加;通过对巴山木竹竹笋和竹叶营养成分对比可以得知,巴山木竹竹笋的营养价值相对竹叶更为丰富,更利于大熊猫对生活必需营养的吸收与利用。 相似文献
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西伯利亚杏仁粕营养物质测定与其氨基酸组成评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探究西伯利亚杏仁粕的营养成分及其特点,以西伯利亚杏仁粕为试材,分别采用溶剂法、灼烧法、凯氏定氮法等方法对杏仁粕营养成分的含量与组成进行了测定与分析;采用氨基酸自动分析仪测定了杏仁粕中氨基酸的组成,并应用氨基酸比值系数法,以WHO/FAO氨基酸参考模式为评价标准,对其必需氨基酸的组成进行了评价。测定结果表明:西伯利亚杏仁粕中蛋白质的含量为648.00 mg·g-1,粗脂肪含量为54.00 mg·g-1,粗纤维含量为3.20 mg·g-1,灰分含量为44.00 mg·g-1。西伯利亚杏仁粕中含有17种氨基酸,氨基酸总含量为65.86%;西伯利亚杏仁粕中8种人体必需氨基酸的总含量为20.59%,其中谷氨酸含量最高,为8.70%,其必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的含量比为0.45;其药用氨基酸含量高达41.79%。杏仁粕中还含有丰富的Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、K、Ca、Mg、P等微量元素和多种维生素,其中维生素E和维生素B2的含量分别为1.39×10-2与0.38×10-3 mg·g-1。其必需氨基酸的构成比例基本符合食品法典委员会(WHO/FAO)的标准,其氨基酸的比值系数评分(SRC)为76.51。研究结果表明:西伯利亚杏仁粕营养丰富,所含人体必需氨基酸的种类齐全,且配比均衡,是有利于人体氨基酸营养平衡的优质食品原料。 相似文献
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中国草芦对土壤营养吸收的效率(英文) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国草芦(Phalaris arunainacea L.)是禾本科草芦属多年生根茎型优良禾草。对其进行N、P、K、NP、NK、PK、NPK、CK八个处理,在分蘖期采用M.K.Ka提出的公式测定中国草芦对土壤及肥料中N、P、K三元素的吸收和利用系数,并测定植物粗蛋白质和粗脂肪的含量,成熟期测定鲜草、干草产量和种子产量,结果表明:中国草芦对土壤中N的吸收系数(Kn%)以PK处理最高为12.36,K处理降低。对肥料中N的利用系数(Ky%)以NPK处理为最高(14.78),所有处理均高于对照。对土壤中P的吸收系数Kn%以NK处理最高为19.30,K处理的降低。对肥料中P的利用系数Ky%,以NP最高为19.52,所有处理均比CK高,对土壤中K的吸收系数Kn%以NP处理最高,为19.2,单一的P处理最低,对肥料中K的利用系数Ky%以NPK处理最高,为28.44。鲜草和干草产量以NP处理最高,且所有处理均高于对照。种子产量及粗蛋白质含量以NK处理最高,粗脂肪含量以NK、N处理最高,本实验说明中国草芦进行人工栽培后,施用一定比例的肥料,可以提高肥料的利用效率,提高产量的品质。 相似文献
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Phalaris arundinacea L. is fine perennial herbage of Gramineae. Eight treatments including N, P, K, NP, NK, NPK, PK and controls were done for studying
its absorbing efficiency of soil nutrition. At tillering stage, the coefficient of absorbing and utilizing of N. P, and K
from soil and fertilizer were analyzed according to M.K. Kaeomobk’s formula and the contents of crude protein and fat were
also measured. The yields of fresh crop, hay and seed were measured at ripening stage. For N absorbing coefficient ofPh. arundinacea from soil (Kn%), the composition PK treatment is best (12.36%) and K treatment is worse, while for N absorbing coefficient
from fertilizer (Ky%), all the treatments are higher than control but the composition NPK treatment presented the highest
(14.78%). For the absorbing coefficient of P from soil (Kn%), composition NK treatment is highest (19.30%), but K treatment
was lower than control, while for that of P from fertilizer (Ky%), all the treatment were higher than control but the composition
NP treatment showed the highest (19.52%). As to K absorbing coefficient from soil (Kn^), NP treatment is the best (19.2%)
and single P treatment is worst, while for that (Ky%) of K from fertilizer the composition NPK treatment was best (28.44%).
As concerns treatments for the outputs of fresh and dry crop, the composition NP treatment was best and all the treatment
were higher than control. The composition NK treatment produced highest yield of seed and highest content of crude protein
as compared to other treatments For content of crude fat, the compositions NK and N treatments are best. The experiment indicates
that application of fertlizer at proper proportions could increase the yield ofPh. Arundinacea and raise the utilizing efficiency of nourishment element from soil and fertilizer.
Foundation item: This paper is supported by Educational Committee of Inner Mongolia autonomous Region (No. 950023)
Biography: Qi Guang (1960), male, associate professor, presently works in Neimengu Nationalities University, Inner Mongelia P.R. China
Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai 相似文献
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指出江西省中药材资源培育中存在的问题，介绍道地药材和GAP要求，提出江西省中药材GAP基地发展策略。 相似文献
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Microsite conditions influence plant development and resource allocation of Dactylis glomerata L. (orchardgrass), a traditional pasture species with potential as an understory crop in woodlots. A field experiment was
conducted to determine how open (O), shaded woodland (W) and open-to-shaded woodland transition zone (EO, EW) microsites influenced the quantity and distribution of nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) and crude protein (CP) among plant
parts of defoliated orchardgrass. Plants established in spring (SP) or late summer (LS) were clipped each time mean sward
height reached 20 cm. Microsite conditions influenced nutritive value of herbage. Nutritive value was acceptable when not
more than 45–50% light attenuation (as a function of shading by nearby trees) occurred relative to open pasture. Twice as
much TNC accumulated in stembases of LS compared to SP plants. Concentrations of TNC were least in plants growing at W, regardless
of planting time. Stembase TNC depletion occurred in SP plants, regardless of microsite, and LS plants growing at W. CP concentrations
were greater in herbage from W compared to O sites, suggesting the N needs of the plant were met with minimal fertilizer N
inputs. The ratio of C:N and thus herbage energy expressed as total digestible nutrients (TDN), relative to CP declined as
shade increased. Increased protein content is offset by lower fiber, lower nonstructural carbohydrate and the possibility
of reduced preference by grazers. Nutritive value is improved by modest amounts of shade relative to plants growing in full
sunlight, and allowing cool temperate origin grasses to vernalize is beneficial in terms of productivity, nutritive value,
and persistence.
Ths US Government’s right ot retain a non-exclusive, royaltyfree license in and to any copyright is acknowledged. 相似文献
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The browse potential of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and thornless honey locust [Gleditsia triacanthos f. inermis (L.) Zabel] has not been adequately tested. Our objective was to determine effects of fertilization and pollarding on biomass
and foliar nutritive value in separate studies of black locust and thornless honey locust in Arkansas, USA. Shoots were sampled
monthly for two consecutive growing seasons in 2002 and 2003 to determine foliar, shoot, and total aboveground biomass, shoot
basal diameter, and foliar nutritive value (crude protein and in vitro digestibility). Black locust yielded more foliar biomass when pollarded at 50 or 100 cm and fertilized with 600 kg P ha−1, than at 5 cm with or without P, averaging 3.5 Mg dry matter ha−1. Black locust foliar crude protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility ( ≤ 170 and 534 g kg−1, respectively) decreased as leaves aged, but still met maintenance needs for beef cattle (Bos taurus L.). Thornless honey locust had little agronomic potential because of slow establishment, low foliar yield (330 kg ha−1), and a 2% reversion to undesirable thorny phenotype. Black locust should be considered for livestock browse when drought
induces semi-dormancy of herbaceous forages. 相似文献
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Plant growth, morphology and nutritive value under shade can differ between temperate grasses. Therefore, the aim of this
study was to quantify the dry matter (DM) production, sward morphology, crude protein (CP%), organic matter digestibility
(OMD) and macro-nutrient concentrations (P, K, Mg, Ca and S) in a grazed cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) pasture under 10-year-old Pinus radiata D. Don forest. Four levels of light intensity were compared: full sunlight (100% photosynthetic photon flux density-PPFD),
open + wooden slats (∼43% PPFD), trees (∼58% PPFD) and tree + slats (∼24% PPFD). The mean total DM production was 8.2 t DM ha−1 yr−1 in the open and 3.8 t DM ha−1 yr−1 in the trees + slats treatment. The changes in cocksfoot leaf area index (LAI) were related to variations in morphological
aspects of the sward such as canopy height and tiller population. CP% increased as PPFD declined with mean values of 18.6%
in open and 22.5% in the trees + slats treatment. In contrast, the intensity of fluctuating shade had little effect on OMD
with a mean value of 79 ± 3.2%. The mean annual macro-nutrient concentrations in leaves increased as the PPFD level declined
mainly between the open and the trees + slats treatments. It therefore appears that heavily shaded dominant temperate pastures
in silvopastoral systems limit animal production per hectare through lower DM production rates and per animal through reduced
pre-grazing pasture mass of lower bulk density from the etiolated pasture. 相似文献
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Ranchers need alternative livestock feeds when herbaceous forages become limiting in summer. Our objectives were to determine:
(1) leaf and stem biomass components, (2) nutritive value [in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), total nonstructural
carbohydrate (TNC), N, and N digestibility] of leaves for animal browse, (3) concentration of the secondary metabolites robinin
and mimosine, and (4) in vitro leaf and bark toxicity for black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and mimosa (Albizia julibrissin Durz.), respectively, pollarded at 50 cm in Arkansas, USA. Black locust exceeded mimosa for every yield component (leaf mass
tree−1, leaves shoot−1, shoots tree−1, shoot mass tree−1, stem basal area, and biomass tree−1) except mass leaf−1. Projected yields were 1,900 and 1,600 kg leaves ha−1 for black locust and mimosa, respectively, assuming a population of 12,300 trees ha−1. Mimosa leaves had greater IVDMD, TNC, and N digestibility than black locust. Mimosa leaves exceeded the nutritional N requirements
of growing cattle (Bos taurus L.) and goats (Capra hircus L.), but protein supplementation would be needed for growing goats grazing black locust leaves. Tissue concentrations of
secondary metabolites robinin and mimosine were below detectable limits in black locust and mimosa, respectively. The extract
of black locust bark, but not leaves, was toxic to bioassayed African green monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops L.) cells. Either black locust or mimosa could provide moderate quantities of high quality, rotationally grazed forage for
goats during summer months when herbaceous forage may in short supply. 相似文献