共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)生物储量巨大,含有丰富的磷脂酰胆碱(phosphatidylcholine,PC),而PC是生物生长的必需磷脂。现今南极磷虾的研究主要针对磷虾油和蛋白,尚未见有PC分子组成的系统研究报道。该研究使用超声辅助Bligh Dyer脂质提取法提取南极磷虾中磷脂,并采用Box-Benhnken设计原理优化提取工艺,以正离子模式下胆碱碎片(m/z 184)为特异性碎片,利用鸟枪脂质组学法鉴定南极磷虾组织中的PC分子组成。结果表明,南极磷虾磷脂的最佳提取条件为超声时间21.0 min、超声温度30℃、溶剂用量3.1 mL,此条件下磷脂实际提取率的平均值为(7.59±0.03)%。利用鸟枪脂质组学法鉴定出南极磷虾中共含有36种PC分子,其中EPA/DHA脂肪酸链含量占47.75%,质量分数为269.82μg·g~(-1)。研究表明南极磷虾组织中含有丰富的EPA和DHA,而磷脂状态存在的ω-3脂肪酸具有较高的利用效率,这为开发南极磷虾类营养保健产品提供数据支持和理论基础。 相似文献
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《福建水产》2020,(1)
以南极磷虾为原料,采用柠檬酸钠溶液浸泡法从磷虾中提取磷虾油并对其工艺条件进行优化,以提取率、磷脂、酸值和流动性等衡量磷虾油生产成本和产品品质最重要的4个指标综合分析,确定最佳提取工艺条件:柠檬酸钠溶液浓度1.0%、料液比1∶5、浸泡时间3.0 h。在此工艺条件下,采用95%乙醇浸提磷虾粉,固液分离后,对分离得到的提取液进行减压蒸馏,除去乙醇后得到的磷虾油的磷脂含量为50.15%、酸值为10.33 mgKOH/g,磷虾油的提取率为14.9%,并且流动性较好。该工艺操作简单,安全实用,提取出的磷虾油磷脂含量高、酸值低、流动性好、品质稳定,极大提高了南极磷虾的综合利用率,具有重要的实际应用价值。 相似文献
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南极磷虾生活在南极海域,资源量丰富,具有较高的应用价值.南极磷虾开发耗资巨大,在大规模商业性开发投入之前,做好相关产品与市场分析等基础工作十分必要.本文首先对南极磷虾产品的发展历程进行了分析,继而对南极磷虾产品的主要形式与发展前景进行了剖析,并对主要目标市场进行了定位研究.研究认为：南极磷虾粉和液态磷虾油是目前较为普遍的产品存在形式.其中,磷虾粉可作为蛋白质增强剂、增味剂和重要的氨基酸补充剂使用,可作为渗透调节之用,同时,可以作为矿物质来源、脂质来源、几丁质/几丁聚糖免疫增强剂、天然色素（类胡萝卜素）来源使用.磷虾粉的目标市场更倾向于水产饲料;磷虾油的目标市场主要倾向于营养保健和制药行业.相对于磷虾粉,磷虾油的市场价值更高. 相似文献
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为了解南极大磷虾(Euphausia superba Dana)行为变化规律,基于2017年3月25日—4月3日在南奥克尼群岛海域43个站位点收集的声学和CTD数据,提取250 m以浅水层南极大磷虾群的深度和对应的温、盐信息,分析不同光照条件下南极大磷虾昼夜垂直分布特征。结果显示:黎明时段(6∶00—8∶00)磷虾群分布较分散,20～60 m(35.72%)和200 m以深(33.65%)虾群相对较多;白天时段(8∶00—16∶00)磷虾群则较多分布在40～120 m(58.52%)水层,多聚集在温跃层(54.55%)和盐跃层(63.64%)内;黄昏时段(16∶00—18∶00),温盐跃层内虾群减少;夜间时段(18∶00—次日6∶00)磷虾群主要分布在20～40 m(49.55%)和180 m以深(31.51%)两个水层,多聚集在温跃层(75%)和盐跃层(70%)外。本研究结果有助于进一步了解南极大磷虾的迁徙规律和资源分布。 相似文献
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《渔业现代化》2018,(6)
南极磷虾是一种资源量巨大,营养价值高的极地海洋生物,其蛋白质含量高,氨基酸组成符合联合国粮农组织(FAO)和世界卫生组织(WHO)规定的优质蛋白标准,是一种具有良好开发利用潜力的优质蛋白。以南极磷虾蛋白为原料,开展酶解对南极磷虾蛋白功能特性(吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和起泡性)的影响研究。南极磷虾蛋白功能特性的评价方法采用食品蛋白功能特性评价国际通用方法。酶解能够改善南极磷虾蛋白的吸油性、乳化性、起泡性及泡沫稳定性,能够靶向性地改善南极磷虾蛋白的功能特性,提高南极磷虾蛋白及其衍生品现实应用的可行性。研究表明,酶解加工能够改善南极磷虾蛋白的功能特性,拓展南极磷虾蛋白的应用领域和范围。 相似文献
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本研究比较了电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)、氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)以及银盐法测定南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)及其不同形式制品总砷含量的适用性,并采用确定的检测方法对南极磷虾冻虾、南极磷虾粉和市售不同品牌南极磷虾油中的总砷含量进行了系统测定。结果显示,采用ICP-MS法、HG-AFS法及银盐法检测南极磷虾及其制品中的总砷含量,3种方法的加标回收率分别达到100.26%~110.48%、82.68%~98.50%和89.64%~94.89%,RSD均小于5%。 3种国标方法对于南极磷虾及其相关制品的测定结果基本一致,但与银盐法相比,ICP-MS法、HG-AFS法操作复杂,仪器昂贵。因此,银盐法可作为快速测定南极磷虾及其制品中总砷含量的首选方法。采用银盐法测得南极磷虾冻虾、虾粉和虾油中总砷含量分别为0.44~0.45 mg/kg、1.04~1.91 mg/kg、0.52~5.50 mg/kg。加快建立南极磷虾及其制品中无机砷定量及砷形态分析技术对于科学认识南极磷虾砷的安全性至关重要。 相似文献
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《渔业现代化》2018,(5)
为了提高南极磷虾的利用价值,以自主设计的南极磷虾脱壳机为研究对象,对其中的关键组件和滚轴长度、滚轴间隙、进料速度等工艺参数进行船载试验;对脱壳后的南极磷虾虾仁进行感官评定和出成率测定,确定了滚轴间隙、滚轴长度、进料速度和磷虾放置时间的最优组合。结果显示:在滚轴长度1. 0 m(A2)、滚轴间隙1. 0 mm(B2)、进料速度125 kg/h(C3)、放置时间15 min(D1)的条件下,各项试验指标皆达最佳;实际生产中采用A2B2C3D1工艺组合,南极磷虾虾仁的出成率达到24%。研究表明:该设备可以提高南极磷虾脱壳生产效率,提升南极磷虾高值化加工的自动化技术水平,从而推动南极磷虾产业化进程。 相似文献
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H. Shahiri Tabarestani M. Jahanshahi A. Motamedzadegan M. Mohebbi 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(10):1244-1258
White-cheek shark skin gelatin (WSG) edible films were optimized with respect to their barrier, mechanical, and structural properties using response surface methodology (RSM), with the introduction of gelatin concentrations (1–4% w/v based on film forming solution) and glycerol contents (15–35% w/w based on gelatin weight) as the independent variables. WSG films with moderate levels of glycerol had higher tensile strength (TS), elastic modulus (EM), and elongation at break (E@b) depending more significantly on gelatin content. Adding higher levels of glycerol, film roughness was observed to decrease exponentially but water vapor permeability (WVP) increased linearly. Structural analysis using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed more aggregated protein structures at higher gelatin content, which could be strongly related to the notable increase of contact angle. According to the model, the optimum conditions for the WSG film formula were found to be 3.3% WSG and 19.3% glycerol, giving a predicted maximum E@b, TS, EM, roughness, and contact angle of 183%, 4.4 MPa, 92 MPa, 4.93 nm, and 101°, respectively, with a predicted minimum WVP of 11.8 g.mm/day.m2.kPa. 相似文献
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Jian-Bin Zhou Qi-Cun Zhou Shu-Yan Chi Qi-Hui Yang Chu-Wu Liu 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2007,270(1-4):186-192
A growth experiment was conducted to determine the optimal dietary protein requirement for juvenile ivory shell reared in indoor aerated aquaria. Six isoenergetic experimental diets using fish meal, casein and gelatin as protein sources were formulated to contain graded levels of protein (27, 33, 38, 43, 49 and 54% of dry diet, respectively). Triplicate groups of 40 shells (average weight 93.50 ± 1.70 mg) were stocked in 120-l tanks and fed to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. The results showed that the growth performance and feed utilization were significantly affected by dietary protein level (P < 0.05). Maximum weight gain, mean protein gain, specific growth rate and soft body to shell ratio occurred at 43% dietary protein level (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in protein, lipid, moisture and ash content in soft body; except that ash content in shell was not significantly affected by dietary protein level. Pepsin activity in soft body tissue significantly increased with dietary protein level up to 43%, and trypsin-like enzyme activity increased with dietary protein level up to 49%. However, lipase activity in soft body decreased with increasing dietary protein level. However, no significant differences (P < 0.05) in survival, calcium, phosphorus concentration in the shell and soft body were found among dietary treatments. Quadratic regression analysis of weight gain against dietary protein level indicated that the optimal dietary protein requirement for maximum growth and feed utilization of juvenile ivory shell is 45% of dry diet. 相似文献
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Xuejiao Chen Yanshun Xu Wenshui Xia 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(10):1210-1220
A two-stage fermentation process of deproteinization and demineralization was used to purify chitin from Antarctic krill shell waste. Two bacterial cultures were isolated and tested for the degradation of krill shell waste. According to the morphological examination, physiological tests, and applied molecular techniques conducted, isolates were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum. At a temperature of 37°C, both strains were cultivated separately in flasks containing krill shell waste. At determined periods of time, deproteinization and demineralization of residuals were measured. For deproteinization tests, the liquid phase fermentation of krill shell waste showed protein removal of 88.9% after 60 h. For demineralization tests, the liquid phase fermentation of krill shell waste showed calcium carbonate removal of 84.6% after 72 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of chitin prepared by the process was carried out and compared with spectra of samples treated by strong acids and bases. 相似文献
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为建立南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)蛋白肽纳滤脱盐工艺,以脱盐率和蛋白损失率为评价指标,通过单因素实验和正交实验对影响南极磷虾蛋白肽纳滤脱盐效果的主要因素(蛋白肽浓度、压力、循环次数)进行优化。结果显示,采用纳滤技术对南极磷虾蛋白肽进行脱盐处理的最佳工艺条件：蛋白肽浓度为3%、纳滤压力为1.2 MPa、循环次数3次,在该条件下,南极磷虾蛋白肽的脱盐率达到(86.35±2.11)%、蛋白损失率为(9.10±0.35)%。采用优化工艺获得的南极磷虾蛋白肽的盐分含量为(1.14±0.12)%,蛋白质含量为(92.73±2.29)%,相对分子质量主要分布于3000 Da以下,氨基酸组成合理且符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织规定的标准。研究将为高品质南极磷虾蛋白肽产品开发提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)以其庞大的生物量和潜在的渔业资源价值广泛受到世界各国的重视.南极磷虾因富含蛋白质已成为人类重要的优质生物蛋白库,此外,其还含有脂质、矿物质等营养物质、虾青素及甲壳素等活性物质.目前,高氟含量一直是制约南极磷虾大规模加工利用的瓶颈.南极磷虾在加工利用过程中伴有氟元素的迁移现象... 相似文献
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J.Ø. HANSEN M.H. PENN K.D. SHEARER T. STOREBAKKEN M. ØVERLAND 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2012,18(3):304-312
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) and other marine zooplankton may contain high levels of fluoride. The aim of the present experiment was to determine whether dietary fluoride from Antarctic krill at levels similar to the old and the new EU allowable limits in fish feeds (150 and 350 mg kg?1) would induce kidney lesions in freshwater‐reared Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). In addition to the diets containing krill, two high‐sodium fluoride (NaF) diets (1500 and 3500 mg kg?1) were used to investigate the effect on growth, feed intake, faecal excretion of minerals and accumulation of fluoride in various tissues. No major effects on growth or feed intake were observed. A higher proportion of the ingested fluoride was absorbed in salmon fed with the NaF diets compared with fish fed with krill shell diets. Fluoride accumulated in liver, kidney and especially bone. Faecal excretion of calcium and magnesium was higher for the NaF‐fed fish compared with fish fed with the control and krill shell diets, whereas the levels of these minerals in plasma were unaffected. Dietary fluoride from krill shells did not induce kidney lesions. One‐third of the salmon fed with the highest NaF diet showed signs of crystal formation within the distal tubules and/or collecting ducts in the kidney. 相似文献
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Abstract— The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of different levels of krill meal (KM) as a feed attractant in juvenile Nile tilapia fed soybean (SBM) diets on growth performance, feed utilization, and body composition. Fish of an initial average weight 0.8 × 0.01g were stocked in 18 glass aquaria (80 L each) at a rate of 25 fish per aquarium. Fish meal (FM 20% of the diet) was used as the sole source of animal protein in the control (Diet 1). Diets 2 to 6 had (SBM) protein with various levels of krill meal (0.0,1.5,3.0,4.5, and 6.0%, diets 2-6 respectively). Test diets were fed to satiation to triplicate groups of Nile tilapia four times daily for 20 wk. Fish fed krill meal supplemented diets had significantly ( P < 0.05) better growth performance compared with fish fed the unsupplemented and FM control diets. The krill meal increased growth of Nile tilapia by 31.9% compared to control diets (average Anal wet weight, 14.15 × 0.95 g and 10.72 × 0.2 g, respectively). Moreover, weight gains were not significantly different for fish fed diets with different levels of krill meal. Feed utilization parameters such as feed intake, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio differed significantly for fish fed krill meal diets compared with control. Digestibility of nutrient and energy of diets increased with increasing levels of krii meal. The incorporation of krill meal in diets significantly affected the protein, fat, ash, and energy of whole body composition. These results suggest that supplementation of krill meal at 1.5% in the diets of Nile tilapia as attractant or stimulant may lead to increased feed intake, growth performance, and feed utilization. Soybean meal can completely replace fishmeal in diets for juvenile tilapia. 相似文献
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本试旨在研究提取石榴中抗氧化成份。以石榴皮作为原料,95%的乙醇作为溶剂,采用微波辅助提取石榴皮中的抗氧化成分,以产率为评价指标,考察了微波功率(160W、320W、480W、640W)、微波处理时间(40s、60s、80s、100s)和料液比(1:5、1:7、1:9、1:11)对产率的影响;在单因素考察基础上,进行正交实验设计:微波功率(320W、480W、640W)、微波处理时间(40s、60s、80s)和料液比(1:7、1:9、1:11),结果表明:乙醇浓度95%、微波功率640W、微波处理时间60s、料液比1:11为最优工艺条件。结果提示,用微波辅助提取石榴皮中抗氧化活性物质是较好的方法。 相似文献