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<正>1流行病学1.1猪繁殖障碍性疾病的诱发因素猪繁殖障碍性疾病属于综合症状,主要分为传染性因素和非传染性因素,诱因复杂多变。传染性因素包括病毒、细菌和寄生虫等,导致猪繁殖障碍性疾病的病毒性因素有猪瘟病毒、猪细小病毒、猪流感病毒、乙型脑炎病毒、蓝耳病毒等。细菌性因素包括布氏杆菌、变形杆菌、葡萄球菌、李氏杆菌和衣原体等。寄生虫方面包括弓形虫、附红细胞体、猪毛滴虫和猪肾虫等。而非遗传性因素主要是外界因素, 相似文献
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植物的稳定碳同位素组成（δ13C）能反映植物对干旱环境的适应能力。为研究荒漠草原区猪毛蒿（Artemisia scoparia）的生存策略,本研究以猪毛蒿为试验对象,分析了猪毛蒿同化枝δ13C值与土壤因子,种群数量特征,以及猪毛蒿个体生物量分配间的关系。结果表明：猪毛蒿同化枝δ13C值分布为-29.76‰~-25.10‰。试验区内土壤体积含水率、土壤硬度对猪毛蒿同化枝δ13C的影响不显著。δ13C值与密度呈显著负相关关系（P<0.05）,与盖度、株高和冠幅呈极显著正相关关系（P<0.01）。δ13C值与营养器官生物量、繁殖器官生物量、地上生物量、地下生物量和总生物量均呈极显著正相关关系（P<0.01）;猪毛蒿营养器官生物量与繁殖器官生物量呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）。综上可得,猪毛蒿同化枝δ13C值与植株种群数量特征、个体生物量分配存在明显的相关性,表明猪毛蒿为适应荒漠草原环境,能够采取独特的生存适应策略。 相似文献
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猪毛首线虫病,又称猪鞭虫病,是由猪毛首线虫寄生在猪盲肠、结肠内导致猪拉稀的一种寄生虫病。猪毛首线虫的虫体前部呈毛状,故称为毛首线虫,又因整个虫体外形很像鞭子,故又有鞭虫之称。该病对仔猪危害严重,主要引起顽固性腹泻、消瘦、贫血、甚至死亡。 相似文献
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猪毛蒿醇提物最佳提取工艺条件研究 《畜牧与饲料科学》2022,43(3):36-41
[目的]研究菊科植物猪毛蒿醇提物的最佳提取工艺条件。[方法]采用冷凝管回流提取法,以乙醇作为提取溶剂,以提取温度、乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间为关键提取条件,采用四因素三水平设计正交试验,根据提取物得率确定猪毛蒿醇提物的最佳提取工艺。[结果]分析方差和极差R值表明,4个因素对猪毛蒿醇提物得率影响的主次顺序是：提取温度>乙醇浓度>提取时间>料液比;提取温度对提取物得率影响差异极显著（P<0.01）,是影响猪毛蒿乙醇提取效果的主要因素,乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间对提取物得率影响差异不显著（P>0.05）,是影响提取效果的次要因素。确定猪毛蒿有效成分的醇提物最佳提取工艺条件是：乙醇浓度65%,料液比1∶7,提取温度75 ℃,提取时间3.0 h。[结论]在实验室条件下,确定了猪毛蒿醇提物的最佳提取工艺条件,为猪毛蒿提取物及其生物活性成分的进一步研发与应用提供了参考。 相似文献
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Feeding sodium arsanilate for exciting diarrhea and identifying carriers of swine dysentery. 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0 
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下载免费PDF全文 Sodium arsanilate was fed to nondiarrhetic swine, previously exposed to and treated for swine dysentery, for the purpose of inducing them into developing a swine dysentery diarrhea. From 40 to 100% of these swine in each pen had previously had a swine dysentery diarrhea. The isolate of Treponema hyodysenteriae in the diced colon which was used to expose the swine was resistant to sodium arsanilate. After an interim of no treatment for swine dysentery, sodium arsanilate was fed at a level of 220 parts per million for 21 days. Of the 14 pens containing swine fed sodium arsanilate, ten pens had one or more swine that developed a swine dysentery diarrhea while being fed sodium arsanilate. This was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater than the three pens that each had one pig that developed a swine dysentery diarrhea of 13 pens containing similar swine not fed sodium arsanilate during a comparable period. In the 14 pens containing swine fed sodium arsanilate, 14 swine were the first to develop a swine dysentery diarrhea since in four pens, two swine in each pen developed diarrhea within 24 hours of each other. This also was significantly (P less than 0.01) greater than the three swine in the ten pens not fed sodium arsanilate. From these results, it was theorized that sodium arsanilate excited the nondiarrhetic carrier into developing a swine dysentery diarrhea and that this phenomenon may have potential in identifying the carrier state. 相似文献
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Induction of swine dysentery in swine by the intravenous injection of filtered Treponema hyodysenteriae. 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 L D Olson 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1981,45(4):371-376
Swine dysentery was induced in 18 swine exposed by intravenous injection of a filtrate which contained Treponema hyodysenteriae and was obtained from macerated colonic scrapings of swine dysentery. However, swine dysentery did not develop in swine injected intravenously with a pure culture of T. hyodysenteriae or when combined with a colonic filtrate from normal swine. Diarrheal feces from the swine injected intravenously with the filtered T. hyodysenteriae contained more mucus, and fecal smears contained more T. hyodysenteriae and fewer other bacteria than did swine exposed orally to colon infected with swine dysentery or filtered T. hyodysenteriae. In the colons of the 12 swine injected intravenously with filtered T. hyodysenteriae that died, there was a minimum amount of croupous membrane and, microscopically, the T. hyodysenteriae were located deep in the colonic crypts. Five of the six surviving swine injected intravenously with filtered T. hyodysenteriae developed serum anti-T. hyodysenteriae antibodies using the indirect fluorescent antibody test and four of these swine developed diarrhea when reexposed with swine dysentery infected colon six weeks after initial exposure. None of the swine injected intravenously with cultured T. hyodysenteriae developed serum anti-T. hyodysenteriae antibodies and all were highly susceptible to swine dysentery. 相似文献
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The addition of a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin to feed at the total concentrations of 44 and 77 mg/kg, beginning at the time of exposure and continuing for 8 weeks, prevented experimentally induced swine dysentery in swine. The disease did not develop after the medication was withdrawn. In contrast, swine dysentery, similar to that seen in the nonmedicated swine, did develop in simultaneously exposed swine treated with feed containing either 44 mg of tylosin or 99 mg sodium arsanilate/kg. The swine fed sodium arsanilate and which developed hemorrhagic diarrhea had a more severe form of this type of diarrhea than did the nonmedicated swine. After reexposure to inefective inoculum of swine dysentery 86 days after initial exposure, all remaining swine previously medicated with either tylosin or sodium arsanilate and all nonmedicated swine were immune; whereas 17 of the 24 swine fed the combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin were susceptible to swine dysentery and developed diarrhea. 相似文献
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Swine were given a series of injections of soluble or whole cell antigens of group E Streptococcus (GES). In experiment 1, swine given autoclaved extracts developed greater amounts of antibody to antiphagocytic factor (as detected with bactericidal and long-chain tests) than did swine given pepsin-extracted or whole cell antigens, and the swine given extract developed fewer abscesses when challenge exposed with live virulent GES added to their feed. In experiment 2, swine given injections of concentrated autoclaved extract develped higher antiphagocytic factor antibody titers than did control swine given injections of physiologic saline solution. When challenge exposed with live virulent GES by exposure to carrier swine, swine that were given extract developed 71.4% fewer abscesses than did the control swine. Furthermore, 58.3% of the abscesses in the swine that were given extrac" were less than 1 cm in diameter as compared with 38.2% of the abscesses in the controls, suggesting that the development of some abscesses was arrested in vaccinated swine. Data indicate that a degree of immunity to streptococcal lymphadenitis of swine can be induced by vaccinating swine with nonliving GES antigen. 相似文献
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猪戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)是导致猪戊型肝炎(HE)的病原体,现在很多国家和地区,如美国、日本、欧洲、中国、中国台湾、印度等都检测出了猪戊型肝炎病毒的抗体,少数国家和地区还有人感染猪戊型肝炎病毒的报道,越来越多的证据表明猪HE是一种人兽共患的传染病。 相似文献
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M. L. van der Leek J. B. Dame R. C. Littell S. S. Shin 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1993,16(4):279-293
Surveys for swine trichinellosis, conducted in Florida using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit with a modified protocol for screening and Western blot as a definitive test, revealed significantly different seroprevalences of 0.3% (four of 1294 samples) and 2.8% (five of 179 samples) in domestic breeding swine and feral swine, respectively.
Seropositive swine were identified in four of 114 (3.5%) domestic swine herds and in three of six feral swine regions. The location of two domestic herds with seropositive swine within approximately 2 miles of one another, and adjacent to a region where a seropositive feral hog was identified, suggests that a focus of trichinellosis exists in this area. The occurrence of singleton reactors in domestic herds may be explained by the absence of the common modes of transmission and suggests that swine were infected incidentally by feeding on the infected carcasses of small wild mammals or rodents. Although the presence of Trichinella spiralis spiralis isolates cannot be excluded, it is more likely that a sylvatic Trichinella isolate occurs in Florida swine. This conclusion is supported by the low seroprevalence in domestic swine, the failure to detect larvae in domestic or feral swine and the high prevalence in Florida panthers. 相似文献
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猪场的生物安全措施对该场的疫病预防和控制起到了非常重要的作用。文章介绍了在非洲猪瘟背景下，猪场需要在人员生物安全意识、猪群健康、猪场入口处、猪场出口处、猪场车辆管理等方面需要采取的一系列生物安全措施。供大家参考，以期提升猪场的生物安全管理水平，提高猪场疫病预防控制能力。 相似文献
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A method was designed to evaluate and compare the microtitration agglutination test (MAT) and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies in swine sera to Treponema hyodysenteriae and thereby establish a method for determining the prevalence of swine dysentery (SD) in herds. According to sampling criteria based on the hypergeometric distribution, sera were collected from 3 age groups of swine from farms having a history of SD on the premises (SD+) recently or being free of the disease (SD-). The highest degree of test sensitivity was obtained when sera from market age swine were evaluated with the ELISA. Of 14 SD+ herds from which sera were obtained from market-age swine, 13 were positive with the ELISA (93%); none of the 8 SD- herds was positive. The detection rates of individual swine in the SD+ herds for the 2 tests by age group were as follows: MAT--adult swine 1.4%, market-age swine 6%, and weaned pigs 0.8%; ELISA--adult swine 16%, market swine 31%, and weaned pigs 0.5%. 相似文献
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针对秋季常见猪病的发病特点、流行病学、临床症状等,介绍猪瘟、猪附红细胞体病、猪链球菌病、猪弓形体病、猪流行性乙型脑炎等秋季常见病的发病原因及防治要点,为猪病防治提供参考。 相似文献
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目的:猪瘟的发生严重影响生猪养殖业的经济效益,准确地预测猪瘟的发病率对猪场本身以及相关监测部门预防猪瘟具有较好的指导作用。方法:运用NeuroSolutions人工神经网络软件对龙岩市部分猪场的猪瘟发病率进行了拟合和预测。结果:表明预测模型具有较好的适应性,能够准确地用于猪瘟发病率的预测。结论:猪瘟发病率的预测对龙岩地区部分猪场猪瘟的预防具有一定的指导作用。 相似文献