共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 448 毫秒
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为了研究新批准的西南地区5个山羊遗传资源的遗传多样性及其与其他羊种的亲缘关系,试验利用设计的引物对山羊的mtDNA D-loop序列进行了PCR扩增和测序,对序列数据进行了核苷酸多样性、单倍型和亲缘关系分析。结果表明:在西南地区新批准的5个山羊遗传资源中,大足黑山羊、黔北麻羊和酉州乌羊平均多态位点数比较接近,均高于渝东黑山羊和贵州黑山羊;大足黑山羊、黔北麻羊和酉州乌羊遗传多样性高于贵州黑山羊和渝东黑山羊;从亲缘关系来看,渝东黑山羊与板角山羊和南江黄羊亲缘关系较近,酉州乌羊与板角山羊亲缘关系最近,贵州3个羊种(贵州白山羊、贵州黑山羊和黔北麻羊)遗传距离近,大足黑山羊与乐至黑山羊遗传距离较近。说明渝东黑山羊和贵州黑山羊遗传多样性较低,需要加强遗传资源的保护和提纯;新批准的5个山羊遗传资源的遗传距离和亲缘关系与其所处的地理位置存在密切关系。 相似文献
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西南地区分布的地方山羊品种主要有南江黄羊、成都麻羊、建昌黑山羊、金堂黑山羊、板角山羊、川东白山羊、贵州白山羊、北川白山羊、古蔺马羊、藏山羊,主要以产肉为主,肉皮兼用。引进品种有波尔山羊、萨能奶山羊、吐根堡山羊、努比羊。绵羊品种有凉山半细毛羊、云南半细毛羊、藏绵羊。在品种利用方面,目前波尔山羊、南江黄羊、努比羊利用比较好,推广面积大,产生了良好的杂交效果,并建立了良种繁育体系。 相似文献
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采用SDS-PAGE研究成都麻羊乳上皮黏蛋白MUC1的遗传多态性,并以金堂黑山羊、乐至黑山羊、自贡黑山羊、藏山羊作对照进行比较分析。结果表明:成都麻羊与对照山羊乳MUC1的多态性丰富,成都麻羊有7种基因型、5个等位基因优势基因为C、D、E,金堂黑山羊7种基因型、6个等位基因优势基因为B、C、D,乐至黑山羊6种基因型、6个等位基因优势基因为B、C、D,自贡黑山羊5种基因型、5个等位基因优势基因为A、C、D,藏山羊3种基因型、3个等位基因优势基因为C、D。乳MUC1的基因型、等位基因的分布品种间有差异;根据乳MUC1等位基因频率对供试山羊品种进行聚类分析,成都麻羊与金堂黑山羊的遗传距离最小(D=0.2507)先聚为一类,再依次与乐至黑山羊(D=0.2831)、自贡黑山羊(D=0.3721)、藏山羊(D=0.4752)聚为一大类,结果较好的反映了成都麻羊与对照山羊品种间的亲缘关系。 相似文献
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利用mtDNA细胞色素b分析贵州山羊的系统发育 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
试验选取贵州山羊4个群体(共55只),设计引物对其mtDNA细胞色素b基因片段进行测序,测序结果与GenBank报道的8个山羊品种mtDNA细胞色素b基因进行比对分析。结果发现,在55只贵州山羊中有11个变异位点,其中转换10次,T/G颠换1次;10种单倍型中有7种单倍型为1个群体独享,3种单倍型为多个群体共享。4个山羊类群间存在较近的亲缘关系,既是独立的类群,其间也存在基因交流,其中贵州黑山羊和贵州麻羊的亲缘关系最近,与贵州白山羊的亲缘关系次之,与贵州小香羊的亲缘关系最远。从山羊品种间遗传距离构建的邻接树可见,贵州4个山羊类群均起源于镰刀状角羊骨羊。 相似文献
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川渝部分山羊品种(类群)遗传多样性微卫星标记研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为分析川渝山羊品种(类群)的遗传多样性和系统发生关系,利用30个微卫星标记,对6个山羊品种(类群)进行分析。结果表明:金堂黑山羊遗传多样性最丰富,群体多态信息含量、平均杂合度和有效等位基因数分别为0.777、0.819和6.54;大足黑山羊各项指标最低,分别为0.736、0.787和5.57。对6个品种(类群)聚类分析表明,金堂黑山羊与南江黄羊的首先聚类在一起,然后依次与板角山羊、川东白山羊、大足黑山羊和波尔山羊聚类。各山羊品种(类群)的聚类关系与其来源、育成史及地理分布基本一致。 相似文献
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Ahlawat SP Sunder J Kundu A Chatterjee RN Rai RB Kumar B Senani S Saha SK Yadav SP 《British poultry science》2004,45(2):194-200
1. The present study was conducted to estimate genetic relatedness among Nicobari fowls (Brown, Black and White) and an exotic bird (White Leghorn) using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymorphism. 2. A total of 25 decamer primers were screened among all the breeds of which 24 primers amplified the genomic DNA, generating 2000 to 200 bp bands. Ten primers generated reproducible and distinct RAPD profiles and were used for further analysis. 3. A total of 94 bands were amplified and 30 polymorphic bands (32%) were produced. The number of polymorphic loci ranged from 1 to 5 with an average of 3.0. 4. Among the native breeds Brown Nicobari showed higher genetic similarity (0.85) than Black Nicobari (0.80) and White Nicobari fowl (0.82). 5. Brown Nicobari showed high genetic similarity with Black Nicobari (0.87 +/- 0.029); least similarity was between White Nicobari and White Leghorn (0.77 +/- 0.028). 6. The RAPD profile of all Nicobari fowls on amplification with the primers PBG5 and PBA12 showed specific bands of molecular size 1050 and 785 bp, respectively. 7. The native breeds showed the least genetic distance with each other while White Leghorn appeared to be most distant from the native breeds. 相似文献
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基于SNP芯片的云上黑山羊遗传结构分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为从分子水平对云上黑山羊遗传结构做出评价,本研究以云上黑山羊核心群母羊108只(来自7个育种核心场、10个群体)、育种素材云岭黑山羊和努比山羊各11和14只、对照组波尔山羊10只为试验动物,用Illumina公司Iselect Goat60k芯片技术在全基因组范围内进行单核苷酸多态性(SNP)分析,并运用GenAlEx 6.5、Cervus 3.0、SNPRelate、Plink 1.07、Mega 4.0进行遗传多样性参数统计计算、主成分分析和系统进化树构建。试验获得143个样本在48 116个SNPs位点上的分型结果,其中波尔山羊10个样本单独聚集,与云上黑山羊、努比山羊、云岭黑山羊存在较大的遗传距离,较小的遗传一致度和较小的基因流,在聚类进化树中显示为一个独立分支,这些结果与波尔山羊实际遗传背景完全一致,显示出它在本研究中的对照组作用,同时证明本研究方法可行、结果可靠;云上黑山羊108个样本具有高度一致性,在聚类系统树中这些样本聚为一个大簇,而努比山羊(14个)和云岭黑山羊(11个)的样本各自聚为一簇;UPGMA进化树显示,云上黑山羊与努比山羊关系较近,与云岭黑山羊关系稍远,这与云上黑山羊育种导血方案结果相一致。云上黑山羊新品种在基因组水平上可与其育种素材明显区分,在基因组层面已具备独立品种特点。 相似文献
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I. Akis K. Oztabak A. Mengi C. Un 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2014,131(6):487-495
Anatolia has been an important region for civilizations and agricultural revolution as a major domestication centre for livestock species. Goats (Capra hircus) were among the earliest domesticated animals in this region. In this study, genetic diversity of Anatolian goat breeds was characterized by comparison of mitochondrial DNA hypervariable region 1. A total of 295 individuals, including 99 Anatolian Black goats, 96 Angora goats and 100 Kilis goats, were used. Haplogroup A was found to be the dominant haplogroup in all three breeds. The highest haplogroup diversity, including haplogroups A, B2, C and G, was observed in the Anatolian Black breed. Haplogroup D was only observed in Kilis and Angora goats. Haplogroup G was found in Angora and Anatolian Black breeds. The Anatolian goat breeds had high genetic diversity values and a weak phylogeographical structure. The nucleotide diversity values were found to be higher than those in previously studied goat breeds. The fact that Anatolia is a domestication centre and its geographical position as a junction of trade routes may have caused the higher genetic diversity of Anatolian goat breeds. 相似文献
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YANG Jia-da 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(6):1538-1546
In order to understand the regularities of A-FABP gene expression in Guizhou native goats,and to establish the theoretical basis of molecular marker assisted selection for meat quality traits,β-actin gene was used as control,expression levels of A-FABP gene in livers,kidneys,hearts,lungs,longissimus muscle,semimembranosus muscle and subcutaneous fat of Qiandongnan small Xiang goat,Guizhou White goat,Guizhou Black goat,Qianbei Ma goat and Nanjiang Yellow goat were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The results showed that A-FABP gene was expressed in all 7 tissues of 5 goat breeds,and the expression levels of A-FABP gene mRNA were all high in subcutaneous fat of 5 goat breeds;In subcutaneous fat,which was the main tissue of A-FABP gene expression in Guizhou native goats,and in longissimus muscle and semimembranosus muscle,which were directly associated with meat production property,A-FABP gene mRNA levels were all high in Qiandongnan small Xiang goat.The results suggested that the tissue distribution patterns of A-FABP gene mRNA in Guizhou native goat breeds were similar to each other.The excellent meat quality of Qiandongnan small Xiang goat might be related with the high expression levels of A-FABP gene mRNA in it's subcutaneous fat,longissimus muscle and semimembranosus muscle. 相似文献
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为弄清贵州地方山羊脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白(adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein,A-FABP)基因mRNA的表达规律,奠定肉质性状分子标记辅助选择的理论基础,试验以β-actin基因为内参,应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测黔东南小香羊、贵州白山羊、贵州黑山羊、黔北麻羊和南江黄羊共5个山羊品种心脏、肝脏、肺脏、肾脏、背最长肌、半膜肌及皮下脂肪7个组织器官中A-FABP基因的表达.结果表明,5个山羊品种7个组织中都有A-FABP基因表达,且5个品种中皮下脂肪A-FABP基因的表达水平都较高;在贵州地方山羊A-FABP基因表达的最主要组织--皮下脂肪,以及在与产肉性能直接相关的组织--背最长肌和半膜肌中,黔东南小香羊A-FABP基因mRNA水平都较高.结果提示,贵州地方山羊A-FABP基因mRNA的组织分布模式相似,黔东南小香羊的优良肉质特性或许与其皮下脂肪、背最长肌和半膜肌中A-FABP基因的高表达有关. 相似文献
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ZHANG Wen-li 《中国畜牧兽医》2014,41(6):172-176
To explore the genetic diversity and origin for genetic resource protection of Huili Black goat, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop was investigated. mtDNA D-loop sequences of 41 goats were analyzed by PCR, sequencing techniques, and biological information and the phylogenetic trees were constructed. The mtDNA sequences of the Huili Black goat ranged from 1211 to 1213 bp, and 2 sequences were 1211 bp, 29 sequences 1212 bp, and 10 sequences 1213 bp. The content of A+T (60.1%) was higher than one of G+C (39.9%). There were 9 haplotypes, and the haplotype diversity was 0.842+0.00368. The nucleotide diversity was 0.01542+0.00034. The phylogenetic analysis showed that Huili Black goat was distributed in a branch, and were closed to Jianchang Black goat, Chengdu Ma goat, Jintang Black goat, Guizhou White goat, Guizhou Black goat, but they were less related to Capra falconeri. Huili Black goats had rather abundant genetic diversity, and were greatly affected by other goat breeds in history. 相似文献
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本研究采用候选基因法对与繁殖性能有关的遗传标记进行筛选,旨在为山羊高产仔数的标记辅助选择提供确切的遗传依据。参考牛的促性腺激素释放激素受体(Gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor,GnRHR)基因序列设计4对引物,采用聚合酶链式反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)技术检测GnRHR基因在波尔山羊以及我国西南地区9个地方山羊品种中的单核苷酸多态性(Single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP),同时在川东白山羊、古蔺马羊和贵州白山羊3个群体中研究该基因多态性与山羊产仔数之间的相关性。结果显示,4对引物中只有引物P1扩增片段检测出多态性。对于P1的扩增片段,在不同的山羊品种中检测到AA、GG和AG 3种基因型,测序分析表明GG与AA型相比有一处单碱基突变(154G→A)。AA基因型个体在3个群体中产羔数最小二乘均值都显著高于GG和AG基因型个体(P<0.05),GA基因型个体在古蔺马羊中的产羔数显著高于GG型个体(P<0.05),而在其它2个品种中差异不显著(P>0.05)。本研究结果初步表明山羊GnRHR基因的突变与其繁殖性能有关,可能是影响山羊繁殖率的一个因素。 相似文献