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1.
Yield is a complex trait. To improve it, the accumulation of the favourable alleles of valuable genes is required for each yield‐related trait. In this study, we used two high‐yielding rice cultivars developed in Japan, indica‐type ‘Takanari’ and japonica‐type ‘Momiroman’, for a genetic analysis of the sink capacity‐related traits. An F2 population showed transgressive segregation for the number of spikelets per panicle. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis detected four QTLs for the trait. Two of the QTLs were most likely identical to previously cloned GN1a and APO1, and their Takanari alleles had positive effects. The Momiroman alleles of the other two QTLs had positive effects, and one of these QTLs was most likely identical to SPIKE/GPS. The QTL on the long arm of chromosome 3 appeared to be novel; it clustered with QTLs for grain length and days‐to‐heading. Substitution mapping revealed that the close linkage of QTLs caused the clustering. These results suggest that the combination of the favourable alleles of detected QTLs could lead to greater sink capacity than that of the parental cultivars.  相似文献   

2.
甘蓝型油菜产量及其构成因素的QTL定位与分析   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7  
产量性状是复杂的数量性状, 对种子的单株产量及其构成因素(全株总有效角果数、每角粒数、千粒重)进行QTL定位和上位性分析,确定其在染色体上的位置及其遗传效应,可以探讨油菜杂种优势产生原因,提高育种中对产量性状优良基因型选择的效率,达到提高油菜产量的目的。在双低油菜细胞质雄性不育保持系1141B和双高恢复系垦C1构建的F2作图群体中,运用SRAP、AFLP和SSR三种标记技术构建了一个甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)的分子标记遗传连锁图谱。共包含244个标记,分布于20个主要连锁群、1个三联体上,图谱总长度为2 769.5 cM。采用Windows QTL Cartographer Version 2.0统计软件及复合区间作图法,对油菜单株产量及其3大构成因素进行QTL定位,共检测到QTLs 16个分布在9个连锁群上,其中第6和13连锁群最多,均有3个。单个QTL解释性状表型变异的0.38%~73.34%。对于同一性状,等位基因的增效作用既来自母本,亦源自父本;采用双向方差分析法对位点间互作及其上位性进行分析,检测到26对影响产量构成性状的上位性互作效应QTL,说明油菜基因组中存在大量控制产量的互作位点,油菜产量性状的上位性存在着多效性,上位性互作包括QTL与非QTL位点,其中以非QTL位点较多。一般互作位点的独立效应值较小,而互作的效应值显著增大,且一般超过两位点独立效应值之和。反映了控制产量性状基因的复杂性。上位性是甘蓝型油菜产量性状杂种优势的重要遗传基础。  相似文献   

3.
黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)种子含油量性状的QTL定位与分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
应用SRAP和SSR技术,对黄瓜种子高含油量品系Ma7与低含油量品系M6杂交组合的F2群体进行检测,获得102个分子标记,构建了7个连锁群组成的分子标记遗传图谱;图谱总长764 cM,标记间平均长度7.49 cM.应用Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5对种子含油量性状进行QTL扫描,在2009年秋...  相似文献   

4.
甘蓝型油菜产量及相关性状的QTL分析   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11  
高产是甘蓝型油菜育种的重要目标之一,产量是多基因控制的数量性状。本文通过QTL作图分析了产量及其相关性状的数量性状位点,以甘蓝型油菜中油821和保604 F1代小孢子培养获得的DH系为作图群体,构建了由20个连锁群组成的,包括251个分子标记( 2个RFLP标记,72个RAPD标记,91个SSR标记,86个SRAP标记)的遗传连锁图(10个标记没有分配到连锁群中)。图谱的平均图距为6.96 cM,共覆盖油菜基因组1 746.5 cM。在此图谱基础上采取复合区间作图法,检测到与油菜产量及其相关性状有关的QTL共17个。其中控制株高的3个分别位于第4、第9和第10连锁群上,对性状的解释率为9.42%~17.58%;与分枝部位有关的4个分别位于第4、第6和第7连锁群上,其中Bp1 和Bp2 均位于第4连锁群,对性状的解释率为8.13%~15.20%;与主花序有效长有关的3个分别位于第4、第10和第16连锁群上,对性状的解释率为7.49%~23.36%;与一次有效分枝有关的2个分别位于第1、第4连锁群上,对性状的解释率为15.29%~19.58%;与角果总数和千粒重有关的分别位于第4连锁群和第9连锁群上,贡献率分别为17.42%和7.64%;与单株产量有关的3个分别位于第3、第4和第15连锁群,共解释26.60%的表型变异。部分性状的QTL在连锁群上成簇分布,对性状贡献率很大,表现主效QTLs的特点,相应的性状之间也呈显著相关,这表明一因多效或者相关的QTLs之间紧密连锁是性状相关的遗传基础。本研究中与主效QTLs连锁的标记可用于油菜产量性状的分子标记辅助选择。  相似文献   

5.
大豆产量和产量构成因子及倒伏性的QTL分析   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:3  
随机选取中豆29×中豆32重组自交系群体中165个家系作为2年田间试验材料,分析大豆单株产量、产量构成因子及倒伏性等性状的相关性和遗传效应,并检测各性状QTL。结果表明,38个与产量、产量构成因子及倒伏性状等有关的QTL,主要集中在C2、F和I连锁群。表型相关分析结果与QTL定位结果一致。在F连锁群上,2年均检测到倒伏QTL qLD-15-1,解释的表型变异超过20%,与百粒重和分枝荚数QTL分别位于相同和相邻标记区间,表明产量相关性状与倒伏性存在一定的关联。在I连锁群上,每荚粒数QTL和二、三、四粒荚数QTL不仅于同一位置,解释的表型变异为32%~65%,并且2个年份均重复出现,每荚粒数和四粒荚数QTL与二、三粒荚数QTL的增效基因分别来自不同的亲本。这4个粒荚性状QTL的共位性与表型相关分析结果一致,证实每荚粒数和四粒荚数与二、三粒荚数分别由不同的机制调控,对于育种上探讨以改良大豆粒荚性状为途径提高大豆产量,提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

6.
The improvement of energy efficiency in the greenhouse production of cut rose and pot rose can be achieved through the use of rose cultivars having vigorous growth. A better understanding of the inheritance of vigour and its related traits will assist the breeding activities. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses were performed with the help of an integrated linkage map of a diploid rose population originating from a cross between Rosa multiflora-derived genotypes. The underlying datasets for ten vigour-related traits were collected in an evaluation study of this population in two greenhouse experiments with suboptimal temperatures for growth. We identified ten chromosomal regions, scattered over the seven linkage groups, containing QTLs for these traits. Considering each trait separately, we detected a total of 42 QTLs. Among these QTLs, 24 were found in both of the experiments, eight and ten were specific to either of the two experiments. The number of QTLs for individual traits varied from three to five with a respective contribution to the phenotypic variation from 12 to 35%. QTLs for highly correlated traits frequently co-localized, indicating a common genetic basis. Clustering of QTLs for different traits was noted in some chromosome regions, for instance, one on chromosome 2 included major QTLs for eight of ten traits under study, suggesting co-localization of several separate genes or/and the occurrence of various genes having pleiotropic effects. The discovery of markers associated to QTL regions is in roses the first step towards marker-assisted selection for vigour improvement enabling the transfer of useful QTL-alleles of R. multiflora to pot and cut roses.  相似文献   

7.
转基因抗虫棉产量相关性状QTL的分子标记及定位   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 采用亚洲棉渐渗的纤维强度突出的陆地棉优质新品系0-153与陆地棉转基因抗虫新品系sGK9708为亲本,构建了F2及F2∶3分离群体。利用3869对SSR引物筛选亲本,得到125对多态性引物。进一步对183个F2群体单株分析得到150个多态性标记位点,其中100个标记位点连锁,构建20个连锁群,共覆盖660 cM,占棉花总基因组的14.67%,每个连锁群平均包含5个标记位点,标记间平均相距6.6 cM,其中13个连锁群确定了对应的染色体。利用F2和F2:3数据,通过复合区间作图,共检测到28个产量及相关因素的QTLs。这些控制产量性状的QTLs只存在于5个连锁群上,成簇分布。与皮棉产量性状有关的2个QTLs,均与其它多个产量相关性状的QTLs在同一个连锁区段内,增效基因遗传效应方向一致,有必要研究其在标记辅助选择中的效果。本研究没有检测到在多世代表现稳定的QTL。因此,需要培育重组自交系,进一步明确产量性状有关QTL的遗传效应。  相似文献   

8.
The goal of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with the maintenance of wheat grain quality following post-anthesis heat stress in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. The response to heat stress was measured using the sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation test (SDSS), a significant predictor of bread baking quality. SDSS scores were used to identify QTLs associated with grain quality and QTLs associated with quality stability were identified based on percent change in SDSS score between the heat stress and control treatments. Four QTLs were identified, located one each on linkage groups 1B, 1D, 4A, and 7A. The 1B, 1D, and 4A QTLs were associated with grain quality; the QTL on linkage group 7A was associated with quality stability. To confirm the detected QTLs, eighty advanced lines grown at three Texas nurseries were tested for relationships between allelic polymorphism at QTL linked markers and quality traits. Quality trait stability in the advanced lines was estimated using the coefficient of variability (CV%) of quality traits between nurseries. The analysis supported the relationship of the predicted QTLs on linkage groups 1B, 1D, and 4A with quality traits. The confirmed QTLs may be used in marker assisted selection (MAS) to develop wheat lines possessing superior quality traits. In addition, identification of genetic regions associated with this trait will aid the identification of the underlying genes.  相似文献   

9.
不同环境基于高密度遗传图谱的稻米外观品质QTL定位   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为解析稻米外观品质遗传基础, 挖掘稳定存在的控制稻米外观品质性状的QTL, 本研究以籼稻品种V20B和爪哇稻品种CPSLO17作为亲本, 构建包含150个重组自交家系(recombinantion inbred line, RIL)的RIL作图群体, 进行外观品质性状QTL定位分析。利用特定位点扩增长度测序(SLAF-seq)技术, 构建了一个由12个连锁群包含8602个标记, 平均间距为0.29 cM的高密度遗传图谱。采用IciMapping 4.0软件的ICIM-ADD方法在3种环境(贵阳、贵定、三亚)对4个外观品质性状(粒长、粒宽、垩白度和垩白粒率)进行QTL (quantitative trait locus)定位分析。结果表明: 3种环境共检测到9个粒长QTL、6个粒宽QTL、3个垩白度QTL和4个垩白粒率QTL; 有5个QTL在多个环境被重复检测到, 其中3种环境都定位到的粒宽QTL qGW5-1和垩白度QTL qCha5-1为同一定位区间(第5染色体的Marker1642127-Marker1514505); 此外, 垩白度QTL qCha5-2的定位区间(Marker1554573-Marker1554589)和垩白粒率QTL qCGP5-2也是一样的。序列比对发现QTL qCha5-1定位区间仅51.5 kb, 是新的垩白性状主效QTL。本研究结果不仅为挖掘新的外观品质性状基因奠定基础, 也有助于开发新的分子标记进行水稻外观品质性状遗传改良。  相似文献   

10.
Minghua Yao  Ning Li  Fei Wang  Zhibiao Ye 《Euphytica》2013,193(2):135-145
A pepper (Capsicum annuum) inbred line ‘BJ0747-1-3-1-1’ was found to exhibit resistance to a cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) local isolate (CMV-HB). In order to exploit the genetic mechanism of CMV resistance in this pepper line, inheritance and genetic linkages of CMV resistance were studied. The CMV-resistant ‘BJ0747-1-3-1-1’ (P1) was crossed to the susceptible line ‘XJ0630-2-1-2-1-1’ (P2), and the F2 and back-cross populations (B1 and B2) were generated for segregation analysis following a mixed inheritance model. Analysis of the segregation data revealed that CMV resistance in ‘BJ0747-1-3-1-1’ is controlled by two partially additive-dominant major genes and additive-dominant polygenes. Analysis of the results from two growth seasons also identified two stable and major QTLs for CMV resistance that collectively explained 55 % of the trait variation. One of the two major QTLs was found on linkage group 8 (LG8) between markers TS52 and HpmsE1-43, and accounted for 37.7–43.5 % of the variation in the two inoculation experiments. The other QTL on LG4 between markers UBC843 and S74 was found to be responsible for 10.7–11.2 % of the trait variation. QTLs with minor effects on CMV resistance were also identified. This work provides an example for genetic analysis and QTL mapping of other disease-resistance genes in pepper and the findings should be useful for molecular marker-assisted breeding programs that aim at developing disease-resistant cultivars in peppers.  相似文献   

11.
不同遗传背景下陆地棉衣分和子指性状QTL定位   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
为陆地棉产量性状有关的分子标记辅助育种奠定理论基础,以高品质中长绒棉品种‘新陆早24号’为父本,转基因抗虫棉常规品种‘鲁棉研28号’和高产、优质棉花新品种‘冀棉516’为母本,构建F2和F2:3分离群体;利用7638对SSR引物对‘鲁棉研28号’和‘新陆早24号’进行多态性进行筛选,共获得225对多态性引物,对238个F2单株DNA扩增获得238个多态性标记位点,其中185个构建了包括44个连锁群,总长为1509.38 cM的遗传连锁图谱,标记间的平均距离为8.16 cM,覆盖棉花总基因组的33.91%。根据已有图谱的定位结果,40个连锁群与染色体建立联系。利用复合区间作图法定位‘鲁棉研28号’与‘新陆早24号’分离群体F2单株和F2:3家系的衣分和子指性状QTL,其中得到3个衣分和5个子指的QTL;根据定位结果,选择了14对SSR引物,分析‘冀棉516’与‘新陆早24号’的多态性,其中6个标记构建了两个连锁群。1个衣分和1个子指的QTL在两个群体中均检测到,这些共同QTLs为分子标记辅助育种奠定了基础。  相似文献   

12.
粒型、株高及穗部组成性状与产量形成密切相关,是水稻重要农艺性状,但遗传基础复杂。染色体片段代换系是用于复杂性状遗传研究的良好材料。本研究鉴定了一个以日本晴为受体、西恢18为供体亲本的水稻优良染色体片段代换系Z746。Z746携带来自西恢18的7个代换片段,平均代换长度为3.99 Mb,其株高、粒长和穗部性状均与受体存在显著差异。进一步通过日本晴与Z746杂交构建的次级F2群体共检测到36个相关QTL,分布于2号、3号、4号、6号和11号染色体。其中5个可能与已克隆基因等位,如qPH3-1等,8个可被多次检出,表明这些是遗传稳定的主效QTL。Z746的粒长主要由4个QTL(qGL3、qGL4、qGL2、qGL6)控制,其中qGL3和qGL4对粒长变异的贡献率分别为60.28%和27.47%。株高由5个QTL控制,穗长由4个QTL控制,每穗粒数由2个QTL控制,千粒重由2个QTL控制。然后以MAS在F3共选出8个单片段代换系,并以此在F4进行了相关QTL验证,共有24个QTL可被8个单片段代换系(SSSL)检出,重复检出率为66.7%,表明这些QTL遗传稳定。本研究为目的QTL的进一步遗传机制研究及分子设计育种奠定了良好基础。  相似文献   

13.
A genetic linkage map with 70 loci (55 SSR, 12 AFLP and 3 morphological loci) was constructed using 117 F2 plants obtained from a cross between two upland cotton cultivars Yumian 1 and T586, which have relatively high levels of DNA marker polymorphism and differ remarkably in fiber-related traits. The linkage map comprised of 20 linkage groups, covering 525 cM with an average distance of 7.5 cM between two markers, or approximately 11.8% of the recombination length of the cotton genome. The present genetic linkage map was used to identify and map the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting lint percentage and fiber quality traits in 117 F2:3 family lines. Sixteen QTLs for lint percentage and fiber quality traits were identified in six linkage groups by multiple interval mapping: four QTLs for lint percentage, two QTLs for fiber 2.5% span length, three QTLs for fiber length uniformity, three QTLs for fiber strength, two QTLs for fiber elongation and two QTLs for micronaire reading. The QTL controlling fiber-related traits were mainly additive, and meanwhile including dominant and overdominant. Several QTLs affecting different fiber-related traits were detected within the same chromosome region, suggesting that genes controlling fiber traits may be linked or the result of pleiotropy.  相似文献   

14.
J.S. Bao  Y.R. Wu  B. Hu  P. Wu  H.R. Cui  Q.Y. Shu 《Euphytica》2002,125(3):317-324
A doubled haploid (DH)population consisting of 135 lines, derived from an indica (IR64) and a japonica (Azucena) rice with a similar apparent amylose content (AAC), was used to investigate the genetic factors affecting cooking and eating quality of rice. AAC,gelatinization temperature (GT), gel consistency (GC) and six starch pasting viscosity parameters were measured for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis using 193 molecular markers mapped on the DH population. A total of 17 QTLs were detected for the 9 traits, with at least one QTL and as many as 3 QTLs for each individual trait. No QTL for the measured parameters was found at the wx locus,possibly because of the similar AAC between the parents. Several QTLs with important effects on the variations in the measured parameters were detected in the present study which have not been found in earlier reports based on populations derived from parents with different AAC and wxgene alleles. Two interesting loci could be deduced from the present study according to the marker order compared with other genetic linkage maps. A QTL flanked by Amy2A and RG433 on the end of the long arm of chromosome 6, identified for GT, set back and consistency viscosity, might cover the gene encoding starch branching enzyme I. Similarly, a QTL flanked by RG139 and RZ58on chromosome 2, detected for hot paste viscosity and breakdown viscosity, might cover the gene encoding starch branching enzyme III. Generally, traits significantly correlated with each other shared identical QTL, but it was not true in some cases. The fine molecular mechanisms underlying these traits await further elucidation for the improvement of eating and cooking quality of rice. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

15.
Spike density (SD), an important spike morphological trait associated with wheat yield, is the spikelet number per spike (SNS) divided by spike length (SL). In this study, phenotypic data from eight environments were collected and a recombinant inbred line population (RIL) constructed by the wheat line 20828 and the cultivar 'Chuannong16' and a Wheat55K SNP array-based constructed genetic linkage map were used to identify SD quantitative trait locus (QTL). Correlation between SD and other agronomic traits was calculated. Genes associated with plant growth and development for major loci were predicted. The results showed that 24 QTLs associated with SD were detected in eight environments. Among them, three major QTL, namely QSd.sicau-5B.2, QSd.sicau-2D.3 and QSd.sicau-4B.1, explained up to 35.62%, 14.21% and 11.23% of phenotypic variation, respectively. The positive alleles of them were all derived from 'Chuannong16'. The significant relationships between SD and other agronomic traits were detected and discussed. Taken together, the stably expressed SD QTL under different environments identified in this study provided theoretical guidance for further fine mapping and germplasm improvement.  相似文献   

16.
大豆苗期耐低磷性及其QTL定位   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
利用来自波高和南农94-156(耐低磷种质)的重组自交系群体NJ(SP)BN(151个家系)通过盆栽试验研究与耐低磷有关的性状,并进行耐低磷性状的QTL定位。初步结果表明,不施磷处理的总干重主要由单株P吸收量决定,而与磷利用效率无关;而单株P吸收量与根干重、根效率均极显著正相关,单株P吸收量变异的76.2%由根效率决定。不施磷处理的根冠比(R/S)显著增加主要是茎干重无显著变化而根干重显著增加所致。在D1b+W、F、G、N和O等5个连锁群上共检测到7个QTL与耐低磷有关。分别可解释所对应性状表型变异的4.8%~17.0%,其中5个QTL的增效基因来自亲本波高,2个QTL的增效基因来自亲本南农94-156。  相似文献   

17.
Understanding the genetic basis underlying domestication-related traits (DRTs) of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is important since the genome has experienced divergent domestication and in addition it is also useful to utilize the wild germplasm efficiently for improving different traits of the cultivated cowpea. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for DRTs were identified in a population of 159 F7 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between a domesticated cowpea (V. unguiculata (L.) Walp.) variety, 524B, and a wild accession, 219. Using the constructed linkage map, QTLs for 10 DRTs were analysed and mapped. QTLs for seed, pod and flower related traits were detected. Subsequently, QTL for ovule number was also identified. To our knowledge, this is the first time a QTL for this trait has been observed. QTLs for DRTs show co-localization on three linkage groups and pleiotropy or close linkage of genes for the traits is suggested in these chromosome regions. The information gained in this study can be used for marker-assisted selection of domestication-related QTLs in cowpea and enhance understanding of domestication in the genus Vigna.  相似文献   

18.
Morphological traits for ear leaf are determinant traits influencing plant architecture and drought tolerance in maize. However, the genetic controls of ear leaf architecture traits remain poorly understood under drought stress. Here, we identified 100 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for leaf angle, leaf orientation value, leaf length, leaf width, leaf size and leaf shape value of ear leaf across four populations under drought‐stressed and unstressed conditions, which explained 0.71%–20.62% of phenotypic variation in single watering condition. Forty‐five of the 100 QTLs were identified under water‐stressed conditions, and 29 stable QTLs (sQTLs) were identified under water‐stressed conditions, which could be useful for the genetic improvement of maize drought tolerance via QTL pyramiding. We further integrated 27 independent QTL studies in a meta‐analysis to identify 21 meta‐QTLs (mQTLs). Then, 24 candidate genes controlling leaf architecture traits coincided with 20 corresponding mQTLs. Thus, new/valuable information on quantitative traits has shed some light on the molecular mechanisms responsible for leaf architecture traits affected by watering conditions. Furthermore, alleles for leaf architecture traits provide useful targets for marker‐assisted selection to generate high‐yielding maize varieties.  相似文献   

19.
利用崇化大梨×新世纪梨杂交得到的94株F1代实生苗为作图群体,应用mapmaker/exp 3.0软件构建了一张包括19个SSR标记,315个SRAP标记,合计335个标记分属于18个连锁群的遗传图谱,图谱总长度为1 300 cM,平均图距为3.9 cM。采用区间作图法检测到与果实发育期、果形指数两个果实性状相连锁的QTL位点7个,其中主效的QTL位点2个(LOD≥3.5),分别位于LG2和LG17连锁群。  相似文献   

20.
Many important apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) fruit quality traits are regulated by multiple genes, and more information about quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for these traits is required for marker-assisted selection. In this study, we constructed genetic linkage maps of the Japanese apple cultivars ‘Orin’ and ‘Akane’ using F1 seedlings derived from a cross between these cultivars. The ‘Orin’ map consisted of 251 loci covering 17 linkage groups (LGs; total length 1095.3 cM), and the ‘Akane’ map consisted of 291 loci covering 18 LGs (total length 1098.2 cM). We performed QTL analysis for 16 important traits, and found that four QTLs related to harvest time explained about 70% of genetic variation, and these will be useful for marker-assisted selection. The QTL for early harvest time in LG15 was located very close to the QTL for preharvest fruit drop. The QTL for skin color depth was located around the position of MYB1 in LG9, which suggested that alleles harbored by ‘Akane’ are regulating red color depth with different degrees of effect. We also analyzed soluble solids and sugar component contents, and found that a QTL for soluble solids content in LG16 could be explained by the amount of sorbitol and fructose.  相似文献   

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