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Physiologic parameters such as blood pressure, rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate are an important part of the medical assessment of a patient. However, these factors can potentially be affected by stress. The purpose of this study was to compare physiologic parameter data gathered from cats in the home environment with those gathered in a veterinary hospital. Thirty healthy cats were evaluated both at home and at Colorado State University's Veterinary Medical Center. Doppler systolic blood pressure, temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate were recorded, and the differences between the values obtained in the home and veterinary clinic environments were evaluated using the Wilcoxon sign rank test. A significant difference was found in blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate between the home and veterinary hospital environments. This information may help practitioners recognize that physiologic abnormalities can sometimes be due to transportation or environmental stress rather than medical illness. 相似文献
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Carney HC Little S Brownlee-Tomasso D Harvey AM Mattox E Robertson S Rucinsky R Manley DS 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2012,14(5):337-349
NURSING CARE: The term nursing care means different things to different people. The authors of these AAFP and ISFM Feline-Friendly Nursing Care Guidelines define nursing care as any interaction between the cat and the veterinary team (veterinarian, technician or nurse, receptionist or other support staff) in the clinic, or between the cat and its owner at home, that promotes wellness or recovery from illness or injury and addresses the patient's physical and emotional wellbeing. Nursing care also helps the sick or convalescing cat engage in activities that it would be unable to perform without help. GUIDELINES RATIONALE: The purpose of the Guidelines is to help all members of the veterinary team understand the basic concepts of nursing care, both in the clinic and at home. This includes methods for keeping the patient warm, comfortable, well nourished, clean and groomed. The Guidelines provide numerous practical tips gleaned from the authors' many years of clinical experience and encourage veterinary team members to look at feline nursing care in ways they previously may not have considered. OVERARCHING GOAL: The primary goal of feline-friendly nursing care is to make the cat feel safe and secure throughout its medical experience. 相似文献
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Rodan I Sundahl E Carney H Gagnon AC Heath S Landsberg G Seksel K Yin S;American Animal Hospital Association 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2011,13(5):364-375
BACKGROUND: The number of pet cats is increasing in most countries, often outnumbering pet dogs, yet cats receive less veterinary care than their canine counterparts.(1) Clients state the difficulty of getting the cat into a carrier at home, driving to the clinic, and dealing with the fearful cat at the veterinary clinic as reasons for fewer visits.(2) Educating and preparing the client and the veterinary team with regard to respectful feline handling is necessary in order to avoid stress and accomplish the goal of good health care. Without such preparation, feline stress may escalate into fear or fear-associated aggression. The resulting stress may alter results of the physical examination and laboratory tests, leading to incorrect diagnoses (eg, diabetes mellitus) and unnecessary treatments.(3-5) Without compassionate and respectful handling by the veterinary team, clients may feel the team lacks skills and compassion, or does not understand cats. Injury may occur to the cat, client and/or veterinary team.(6) Clients who want to avoid stress for their cat may avoid veterinary visits or choose another practice instead. GOALS: The use of feline-friendly handling techniques should reduce these problems. Handling is most successful when the veterinary team adapts the approach to each individual cat and situation. The goal of these guidelines is to provide useful information for handling cats that can lead to: ? Reduced fear and pain for the cat. ? Reinforced veterinarian-client-cat bond, trust and confidence, and thus better lifelong medical care for the cat. ? Improved efficiency, productivity and job satisfaction for the veterinary team. ? Increased client compliance. ? Timely reporting and early detection of medical and behavioral concerns. ? Fewer injuries to clients and the veterinary team. ? Reduced anxiety for the client. 相似文献
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《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2014,9(6):324-328
Cats have certain strongly motivated behaviors, which could be defined as “needs,” that should be understood to provide the cat the best quality of life and assure proper welfare. It is well recognized that cats have several behavioral needs, which if not met, can result in anxiety and secondary behavior problems. These problems can lead to relinquishment or euthanasia. Veterinarians and veterinary nurses have a special role when educating owners. To increase owners' compliance, veterinary professionals should have evidence-based knowledge for the right information to be communicated to feline owners. The goal of the present study was to identify and compare the level of knowledge that veterinarians, veterinary nurses, and pet owners have about cat behavior and to compare their perceptions on this subject. We were also interested in determining whether living with a cat affected the professionals' knowledge base and what they are able to properly communicate to pet owners. It was expected that the veterinarians would have the highest level of knowledge regarding the interpretation of feline behavioral needs. We also hypothesized that those professionals who had or have previously owned a cat would have a better understanding of what cats actually need. A questionnaire, called “questionnaire to assess cat's needs” (QACN), was completed by cat owners, veterinarians, and veterinary nurses. The QACN had 13 different statements about the behavioral needs of cats, and each participant had to select their level of agreement with the statement. The QACN was then scored and a principal component analysis was used to identify meaningful associations. The following 3 components were extracted: elimination, stress releasers, and human stimulation. Contrary to what was expected, the results showed that in some specific areas (stress releasers and human stimulation) veterinarians' and veterinary nurses' knowledge was not significantly different from that of cat owners. This could mean that the role of these professionals in preventing behavioral problems can be very compromised. Those professionals who had owned a cat personally were better at identifying the behavioral needs of cats, with some significant differences (related with stress releasers), compared with those professionals who had never owned a cat. More education about feline behavior should be included when training veterinarians and veterinary nurses for clients to continue to trust these professionals to provide them with evidence-based knowledge about cat behavior. 相似文献
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C A Leonard M Tillson 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2001,31(1):143-63, vii
Feline lameness is an increasingly recognized clinical problem. Today's veterinary practitioner must be comfortable with his/her ability to diagnose the various conditions responsible for lameness in the cat and be able to discuss the significance of their findings with the client. Disease of the feline musculoskeletal system can be grouped into broad categories, including: trauma, arthritis, infectious causes, developmental disorders, neoplasia, and muscular problems. Specific diseases from each of these categories will be discussed, particularly those that differ in their presentation or clinical behavior from that same disease in the canine patient. 相似文献
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This paper reports on the results of a survey of selected University of Queensland (UQ) veterinary students aimed at elucidating factors causing stress during the five undergraduate years of the program. Students from each of the five years were asked to form six- or seven-member focus groups. Each focus group was then interviewed and their opinions sought on causes of ongoing stress and the ranking of those causes into predetermined categories. They were also asked to give their opinions on counseling services available within the university and what, if any, services they would like to see in place to help students with stress-related problems. Students in the first, third, and fourth years of the program rated academic issues as the most likely causes of ongoing stress, while students in the second and fifth years of the program ranked lifestyle and financial issues as more likely to cause ongoing stress. In most cases, students coped well with these causes of stress and tended not to use counseling services available to all UQ students. When faced with stressful issues, students looked to their classmates or family members for help and not to university counseling services. Students were also happy to approach staff members in the Veterinary School when faced with a problem. The authors nevertheless conclude that mechanisms set in place at the undergraduate level to help veterinary students cope with stress should particularly benefit those students when they become new graduates and are faced with the stresses of veterinary practice. 相似文献
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Josie L Traub-Dargatz David A Dargatz Paul S Morley Magda Dunowska 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2004,20(3):507-20, v
Infection control entails preventing or minimizing exposure to infectious agents or optimizing resistance to infection at the individual and population levels should exposure occur. The degree to which each of these strategies is applied varies according to the attributes of the disease agent and the population at risk. In developing an infection control, biosecurity, or biocontainment plan, it is important to decide which agent or agents are to be controlled, the method by which they might be introduced to the individual or population, and methods by which they might spread once at a farm or veterinary clinic. 相似文献
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Lynne M Seibert Gary M Landsberg 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2008,38(5):937-950
Behavior problems are among the most common concerns for veterinary clients, and veterinarians need to be comfortable diagnosing and treating these conditions. Knowledge of animal behavior by veterinarians is critical for effective treatment of behavior problems, recognition and diagnosis of medical conditions for which behavior signs prevail, proper handling of veterinary patients, prevention of abandonment and euthanasia, preservation of the companion animal-human bond, and prevention of mental suffering. Successful patient management requires taking a thorough behavioral history, understanding the mechanisms underlying behavior changes, developing appropriate treatment interventions, and, in some cases, pharmacologic therapy. 相似文献
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Gabrielle R. Carter J. Catherine Scott-Moncrieff Andrew U. Luescher George Moore 《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2009,4(6):230-236
The aim of this case controlled study was to determine whether dogs with behavioral problems have evidence of abnormal thyroid function on routine screening tests for hypothyroidism. The hypothesis of the study was that thyroid function, as assessed by serum total thyroxine (TT4) and serum thyroid stimulating hormone (thyrotropin) (TSH) concentrations, is normal in most dogs with behavioral problems. Concentrations of TT4 and TSH in 39 dogs with behavior problems presenting to a veterinary behavior referral clinic (abnormal behavior group), were compared with TT4 and TSH concentrations in 39 healthy control dogs without behavior problems presenting to 5 community veterinary practices (control group). Dogs in the control group were matched for age and breed with the abnormal behavior group. Dogs with behavioral problems had higher TT4 concentrations than dogs without behavioral problems (t-test: t = 2.77, N = 39, P = 0.009), however none of the TT4 values were outside the reference range. There was no significant difference in TSH concentration between the 2 groups. Two dogs with behavior problems and 1 dog without behavior problems had results suggestive of hypothyroidism. All other dogs were considered to be euthyroid. There was no evidence to support a diagnosis of hypothyroidism in the majority of dogs with behavior problems in this study. The higher concentration of TT4 in dogs with behavior problems suggests, however, that alteration in thyroid hormone production or metabolism may occur in some dogs with behavior problems. Further studies that include additional indicators of thyroid status such as serum total triiodothyronine, serum, free thyroxine, and anti-thyroid antibody concentrations are necessary to further evaluate the significance of this finding. 相似文献
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Väisänen MA Tuomikoski SK Vainio OM 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,231(2):236-242
OBJECTIVE: To identify behavioral alterations in client-owned cats recovering at home following elective ovariohysterectomy or castration and determine owner perceptions regarding severity of postoperative pain. DESIGN: Cohort study. Animals-145 cats undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy (n = 80) or castration (65) at 4 veterinary clinics in Finland. PROCEDURES: Owners were asked to complete a questionnaire on their cats' behavior during the 3 days after surgery. Owners were also asked to indicate their perceptions of the severity of postoperative pain during these days by use of a 100-mm visual analog scale. RESULTS: Owners consistently indicated that there were changes in their cats' behavior, with the most commonly reported alterations being a decrease in overall activity level, an increase in the amount of time spent sleeping, a decrease in playfulness, and altered way of movement. Changes (ie, either an increase or decrease) in aggressive behavior were rare. Median pain score the day of surgery was 15.0 mm for male cats and 25.0 mm for female cats. Behavior score was significantly associated with day of observation, type of surgery (ovariohysterectomy vs castration), owner-assigned pain score, and veterinary clinic. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that behavioral alterations can be detected for several days after surgery in cats recovering at home following ovariohysterectomy or castration and emphasized owner concerns about the existence of postoperative pain. 相似文献
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Especially in developing countries, the profession of veterinary medicine is closely tied with agriculture and government economic development, the national structure of education, and national public health. Currently, the Chinese veterinary medical educational system and accreditation standards are distinctly different from those of some more developed countries, such as the United States, Japan, or the countries of the European Union. Chinese veterinary education is still closely based on traditional Chinese education approaches and standards, which has led to some deficiencies in the Chinese system. With the development of a stronger economy in China and the growing trend toward globalization, and particularly since China joined the World Trade Organization (WTO), some important questions about China's system of veterinary education are being raised: How can veterinary science develop more rapidly in China? How can it meet the needs of the growing Chinese society? How can China bring its veterinary medical practice more in line with that of other, more advanced countries? This article describes some of the realities of veterinary medical education in China, discusses several existing problems, and puts forward some ideas for possible reforms. It is hoped that by this means those outside China may gain insight into our veterinary education program and that this, in turn, will lead to helpful input from international educators and other professionals to help improve our programs. 相似文献
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This study was conducted to investigate dog and cat owners' perceptions about behavior problems, behavior therapy, and behaviorists. Qualitative measures in social sciences are considered extremely useful in providing initial insight that can lead to more careful formulation of hypotheses. Seventeen pet owners, selected randomly from lists of dog and cat owners using the Windows Excel random function, were recruited via telephone using screening questionnaires. Inclusion criteria included owning a pet with behavior problems and having direct involvement in the pet's care. The respondents were divided into a dog owner (n = 9) and a cat owner (n = 8) discussion group. A discussion guide and informative materials were used by an independent moderator to focus group discussion around the effect of behavior problems on everyday life and to investigate the owners' attitudes toward potential treatment for behavior problems. A relevant difference in perception emerged between the 2 groups as to the possibility of treating behavior problems. Cat owners perceived the possibility of modifying cat behavior as difficult or impractical. Both groups were unaware of the existence of veterinary behaviorists but, when informed about the academic and professional background of such professionals, all the respondents considered the veterinary behaviorist as the most reliable and qualified helper. Qualitative measures were chosen to analyze owner attitudes and behavioral patterns in depth, but further research should follow to validate this study's findings through quantitative measures. 相似文献
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《Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine》2007,16(1):24-29
As in dog and cat medicine, parrot behavior issues are critical because parrots lose their homes every day because of behaviors considered unacceptable by humans. Through careful observation and assessment, veterinary personnel can help parrot owners avoid or deal with behavioral issues before they lead to displacement of birds to new homes. 相似文献
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The veterinary herd health and production control program for year-round calving herds, presented in this paper, comprises a basic system and a flexible system. The basic system is a uniform system of data recording, standard veterinary activities and problem detection for all farms. Record keeping by the farmer includes the updating of a farm diary and a fertility—health chart and the preparation of an examination list before each veterinary farm visit. Record keeping by the veterinarian comprises the updating of a general inventory and four index lists at each monthly visit. The index lists contain all relevant parameters or index figures needed to monitor the various aspects of the farm. These lists serve to detect unwanted situations or problems and to initiate problem analysis. The farm checklist, with time-related veterinary and agricultural attention points, is consulted at each farm visit. In this way, no aspect is omitted in the control program. Problem analysis is performed in the flexible system. This comprises subsystems adaptable to the specific demands on the farm at a given moment and with a given problem. It indicates to what extent action is needed to solve the problem. Agricultural activities must be coupled to veterinary activities in order to provide the farmer with optimal advice. The farm checklist can be considered as a link between the two disciplines: the veterinarian can enlist the agricultural officer at the right moment.The frame-work of the basic system is introduced with emphasis on record keeping by the farmer, veterinary farm visits and the farm checklist. 相似文献
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Mossop LH 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2012,39(1):93-100
The medical profession has spent much time and many resources engaging in a discourse of medical professionalism and debating the appropriate attitudes and behavior of physicians, but little has been published concerning the concept of veterinary professionalism. Physicians are commonly examined by social scientists and educationalists to establish definitions of medical professionalism in order to teach and assess these values within curricula. This challenging process has not been without criticism, however, with some calling the numerous definitions unhelpful, especially when these behaviors are not demonstrated in practice or the wider sociological implications of medical professionalism are ignored. Veterinary curricula often include professional skills, and there has been some discussion about their inclusion as well as the scope of veterinary surgeons and their role in society. Despite this, no true definition of veterinary professionalism exists, and the teaching of the values and behaviors expected of veterinary professionals may not be explicit. Regardless of the difficulties of engaging in such a discourse, perhaps it is time that this occurred and a realistic and usable definition of veterinary professionalism is established. This is a period of change for the veterinary profession, and a teachable and assessable definition can provide some clarity and assist educators within ever evolving veterinary curricula. 相似文献
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Kelly Moffat 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2008,38(5):983-1003
Handling aggressive dogs and cats in the veterinary clinic can be frustrating, time consuming, and injurious for both employee and animal. This article discusses the etiology of the aggressive dog and cat patient and how best to approach these cases. A variety of handling techniques, safety products, and drug therapy are reviewed. 相似文献
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《兽医药理学》是动物医学专业的一门重要的专业基础课,是联系基础医学和临床兽医学的桥梁学科。针对学生普遍反映的兽医药理学难学、难记、难应用,以及如何在教学中培养学生的创新思维能力、专业英语能力及科研意识和思路等问题,从教师自身素质和教学方法等环节入手,激发学生学习兽医药理学的兴趣和热情,并培养学生的科研意识和能力,以适应动物医学人才培养的要求。 相似文献