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1.
Hair and hair follicle carriage of Malassezia pachydermatis was studied in 12 healthy beagle dogs. The yeast was isolated from hair clipped from the lip region at 13 sites in nine dogs but was less frequently recovered from the interdigital spaces on the forefeet and from two sites on the trunk. Population sizes at the lip were significantly greater (P < 0.01) than those at other sites. Skin biopsy specimens were obtained from the same sites and epidermal and follicular tissues dissected following immersion in 1 M CaBr(2). Epidermal carriage of M. pachydermatis was identified in nine biopsy specimens taken from five dogs. Hair follicle carriage was identified in five skin specimens (four foot, one lip) from three dogs. This study indicates that M. pachydermatis is readily recovered from the distal hair in healthy dogs and that hair follicle carriage is infrequent or that populations are low at that site. 相似文献
2.
The clinical, histopathologic and immunopathologic features of a novel form of isthmus mural folliculitis in dogs, which resembles pseudopelade in humans, were characterized. Clinically, dogs exhibited variably distributed foci of alopecia that persisted without treatment or did not respond to immunosuppressive therapy. Histopathologically, mixed mononuclear cell infiltrates, largely lymphocytes, infiltrated the follicular isthmus. Occasionally, inflammation extended above and below the follicular isthmus but did not involve the hair bulb or the epidermis. Severe follicular atrophy and variable atrophy of sebaceous glands occurred in all dogs. Folliculotropic lymphocytes exhibited most commonly CD3 and CD8 (cytotoxic T cells). Autoantibodies specific for the lower hair follicle were detected in the serum of affected patients. Western immunoblotting demonstrated binding of these antibodies to multiple follicular keratinocyte proteins, including hair keratins and trichohyalin. Lack of hair regrowth (in contrast to canine alopecia areata), as well as location of inflammation and extreme atrophy of adnexal units are similar to findings seen in human pseudopelade. 相似文献
3.
本研究旨在为犬毛囊肿瘤的诊断提供最优的免疫标记物,提高肿瘤诊断的准确性,缩短肿瘤的病理学诊断时间,为犬毛囊肿瘤病的临床精准治疗提供帮助。作者收集了26例临床犬毛囊肿瘤病例,分别用免疫标记物CK5/6、CK8/18、CK19、P63、CD34、CD10、Vimentin对肿瘤样本进行免疫组织化学标记（IHC）。26例犬毛囊肿瘤的IHC染色结果表明,CD34在86.9%的毛囊肿瘤中呈瘤细胞阳性;CD10和CK8/18在毛上皮瘤中呈瘤细胞阳性,在其他毛囊肿瘤中均为瘤细胞阴性;CK19在良性和恶性毛上皮瘤中分别为强阳性和中阳性,CD34在良性和恶性毛上皮瘤中分别为中阳性和弱阳性;CD10在毛母细胞瘤中呈周边间质特异性阳性;Vimentin在毛囊肿瘤中呈瘤细胞阴性,间质细胞阳性。结果显示,CK5/6、P63可用作本研究中所有毛囊肿瘤的阳性标记物;CD34可用作除毛母质瘤和毛囊瘤外的其他毛囊肿瘤的瘤细胞特异性阳性标记物;CD10和CK8/18可用作毛上皮瘤的瘤细胞阳性标记物;共同使用CK19和CD34可用于区分毛上皮瘤的良恶性;CD10可用作毛母细胞瘤周边间质特异性阳性标记物;Vimentin可用作毛囊肿瘤的瘤细胞阴性标记物。 相似文献
4.
Pascucci L Mercati F Gargiulo AM Pedini V Sorbolini S Ceccarelli P 《Veterinary dermatology》2006,17(4):244-251
It is widely documented that a pool of multipotent stem cells located in humans and mice hair follicle outer root sheath (bulge region) is involved in the restoration of the whole follicular unit during each anagen phase. To the authors' knowledge, data regarding the location and characterization of hair follicle stem compartment in dogs have not been reported in the recent relevant literature. In this study, we investigated the haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell antigen CD34 as a marker of putative stem cells located in a bulge-like region of canine hair follicles. The presence of CD34 mRNA and glycoprotein was assessed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded canine skin samples by in situ hybridization technique and by standard immunohistochemistry, respectively. A strong expression of CD34 mRNA and glycoprotein was observed in a well-defined area of the hair follicle isthmic region and appeared uniformly concentrated at the level of the basal layer of the outer root sheath. These findings provide compelling support to the hypothesis that in dogs, a subpopulation of basal keratinocytes located in the hair follicle isthmic region and characterized by the selective expression of CD34 is potentially associated with the stem cell compartment of this skin appendage. 相似文献
5.
A 6‐year‐old entire male black Labrador retriever was presented with nonpruritic multicentric, well‐demarcated alopecia of 12‐weeks duration. Skin biopsies from the margins of alopecic regions showed sebaceous adenitis and sub‐follicular panniculitis. Biopsies from alopecic areas showed severe follicular atrophy with residual fibrous tracts, loss of sebaceous glands and lymphohistiocytic panniculitis beneath individual atrophic hair follicle groups. These features differed from previous reports of pilosebaceous diseases of dogs and appeared to extend the spectrum of inflammatory patterns in presumed immune‐mediated adnexal diseases of this species. During the 12‐month follow‐up, there was partial hair regrowth without treatment but alopecia was permanent in the centre of larger lesions. 相似文献
6.
Increasing emphasis is being placed on the role of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) in hair follicle cycling. In mice, expression of FGF18 mRNA peaks during the late telogen phase, leading to the hypothesis that FGF plays a role in anagen induction. There are no data on the presence of FGF18 in dogs. The main objective of this study was to identify and locate FGF18 in the canine hair follicle. The second objective was to assess potential differences in FGF18 concentration between biopsies taken in winter and summer, shoulder and flank regions, and between different sexes. Skin tissue from 10 healthy beagle dogs (three intact females, three spayed females and four intact males) was collected from the shoulder and flank. The biopsies were collected in February and August on day 0, after which the dogs were clipped and biopsies collected again from the shoulder and flank on days 1, 3, 7 and 17. Paraffin sections (4 μm thick) of the biopsies were stained with an anti-FGF18 antibody. The FGF18-positive cells were counted in the hair follicle epithelium from seven follicular units of each biopsy. Fibroblast growth factor 18 was detected as granular cytoplasmatic staining in follicles at the level of the inner root sheath, and rarely in the outer root sheath and dermal papilla. It was also detected in the apocrine glands, in arrector pili muscles and in vascular endothelial cells. There was no statistical difference in the number of FGF18-positive cells or follicles between sexes, different anatomical locations, seasons or the consecutive days of sampling. 相似文献
7.
J. W. ALEXANDER D.V.M R. E. ROBERTS D.V.M. M.S. M. D. McGAVIN D.V.M. † 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1978,7(4):90-92
PRIMARY neoplasms of the lower urinary tract of the dog are relatively uncommon. These neoplasms occur most frequently in older dogs and, while they can originate anywhere along the urinary tract, the urinary bladder is by far the most common site. Reports in the literature indicate that neoplasms of the urinary bladder account for approximately 0.5% of all tumors in dogs.1 相似文献
8.
毛囊的周期性变化和分子调控及其在绒山羊上的研究进展 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
毛囊是一个形态和结构较为复杂的皮肤附属器官,它控制着毛发的生长,具有自我更新和周期性生长的特点。毛囊的周期性变化依靠毛囊上皮细胞和真皮间充质细胞的相互作用,先是毛囊长出毛干为生长期,接下来是凋亡驱动的退行期,然后进入休止期。其变化过程是一系列信号分子相互作用形成的,包括启动信号、维持毛囊生长的信号及抑制毛囊生长的信号等。绒山羊初级毛囊和次级毛囊在出生后也表现周期性变化,次级毛囊由于光周期的影响而呈很强的季节性的周期变化,而初级毛囊则变化不明显。山羊绒是绒山羊次级毛囊的衍生物,次级毛囊的生长发育直接影响山羊绒的产量和品质。因此,研究皮肤毛囊周期性变化的规律及它们的分子调控机理不仅可揭示毛囊的发育规律而且对绒山羊的育种具有重要指导意义。 相似文献
9.
Basal cell tumors from 11 horses were examined histologically. Distinct patterns identified in the order of frequency are adenoid (six), solid (three), and medusoid (two). A minor component of most of these neoplasms was a ribbon pattern and cystic spaces. Hyalinized connective tissue and clear cells reminiscent of hair follicle glassy membranes and outer root sheath were present in a solid and the medusoid tumors. Heavy melanin pigmentation was present in one solid basal cell tumor. In eight cases for which information was available, the tumors had not recurred 3 to 8 years after excision. 相似文献
10.
Cerundolo R Mauldin EA Goldschmidt MH Beyerlein SL Refsal KR Oliver JW 《Veterinary dermatology》2005,16(1):39-46
Ten Chesapeake Bay retriever (CBRS) dogs with hair loss were recruited in collaboration with the American Chesapeake Club. All dogs had nonpruritic, noninflammatory, regionalized hair loss affecting the same areas of the body in male and female dogs. Hormonal investigations showed increased adrenal and sex steroid concentration in seven cases. Histopathology revealed follicular hyperkeratosis and plugging, follicular atrophy, and occasional melanin clumping with malformed hair shafts. This study suggests that hair loss in CBRS is a breed syndrome in which young adult dogs have hair loss characterized by unusual histological features and abnormal steroid production. A familial predisposition seems likely and selective breeding might reduce the occurrence of this condition. 相似文献
11.
The role of oestrogen receptors in dogs with hair cycle arrest (alopecia X) was investigated by immunohistochemistry. The purpose of this study was to determine if hair regrowth in dogs with hair cycle arrest treated with melatonin was associated with a decrease in follicular oestrogen receptors. Fifteen Pomeranians (excluding intact females) with hair cycle arrest were enrolled. Two biopsies were obtained from alopecic areas of the trunk before and after 3 months on melatonin. Haematoxylin and eosin-stained tissues were examined and oestrogen receptor-alpha was demonstrated immunohistochemically. Common histopathological findings included hyperkeratosis, follicular keratosis, excessive tricholemmal keratinization (flame follicles), thin epidermis, few small anagen bulbs, epidermal pigmentation and melanin aggregates within follicular keratin. Melanin aggregates within basal cells and hair were an occasional finding. After 3 months, 40% (six) dogs had mild to moderate hair regrowth. Biopsies from six dogs showed histological evidence of an increase in anagen hairs and eight dogs had a decrease in epidermal pigmentation. Moderate to marked staining intensity of oestrogen receptor-alpha was noted in all sebaceous gland basal cells, all small hair bulbs and follicular epithelium of telogen hairs. There was no oestrogen receptor-alpha staining of nuclei within the epidermis, apocrine glands or dermal fibroblasts. Large anagen hair bulbs had minimal to no oestrogen receptor staining. Hair regrowth was not associated with a change in oestrogen receptor-alpha staining. 相似文献
12.
Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were demonstrated in 3 out of 10 Gordon setters with symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy and in 5 out of 13 Gordon setters with black hair follicular dysplasia. Two dogs showed both symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy and black hair follicular dysplasia, and one of these was ANA positive. The results suggest that symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy and black hair follicular dysplasia in the Gordon setter might be autoimmune diseases that are pathogenetically related, which might indicate a common genetic predisposition. 相似文献
13.
Three neoplasms of extracutaneous mast-cell origin, arising from the nasopharynx, oral cavity, and hepatopancreatic lymph nodes respectively, were diagnosed in three dogs. The neoplasms had histologic features similar to those of cutaneous mast-cell tumors, but had limited metastasis mostly involving the regional lymph nodes. One dog had a perforating duodenal ulcer, suggesting that duodenal ulcers can occur with extracutaneous tumors as they do with some cutaneous mast-cell tumors in the dog. 相似文献
14.
Chiara Brachelente Ilaria Porcellato Monica Sforna Elvio Lepri Luca Mechelli Laura Bongiovanni 《Veterinary dermatology》2013,24(1):188-e41
Background – Although cutaneous stem cells have been implicated in skin tumourigenesis in humans, no studies have been conducted to elucidate the presence and the possible role of stem cells in hair follicle tumours in the dog. Hypothesis – Stem cell markers are expressed in canine epidermal and follicular tumours and can be used to better understand the biology and origin of these tumours. Animals and Methods – In the present study, normal skin sections and 44 follicular tumours were retrospectively investigated for the immunohistochemical expression of keratin 15 (K15) and nestin. In addition, 30 squamous cell carcinomas were evaluated for K15 expression. Results – In normal skin, K15 and nestin were expressed in the outer root sheath cells of the isthmic portion of the hair follicle (bulge region), and K15 expression was also scattered in the basal cell layer of the epidermis. Infundibular keratinizing acanthomas, pilomatricomas and squamous cell carcinomas were mostly negative for K15, trichoblastomas were moderately to strongly positive, tricholemmomas were either negative or strongly positive, and trichoepitheliomas had heterogeneous staining. Nestin expression was generally faint in all follicular tumours. Conclusions and clinical importance – Our results show that K15 can be a reliable marker for investigating the role of stem cells in hair follicle tumours of the dog, while nestin was judged to be a nonoptimal marker. Furthermore, our study suggests that hair follicle stem cells are present in the bulge region of hair follicles and could possibly play a role in tumourigenesis of canine tumours originating from this portion of the follicle, namely trichoblastomas, tricholemmomas and trichoepitheliomas. The loss of K15 expression in squamous cell carcinomas compared with normal skin suggests that this event could be important in the malignant transformation. 相似文献
15.
Cell proliferation kinetic values were established for the epidermis, hair follicle epithelium, and sebaceous glands of 10 Beagles and 4 Cocker Spaniels with healthy skin and coats. Values were established by intradermal pulse-labeling injections of [3H]thymidine, examination of cutaneous biopsied tissues, and autoradiography. The epidermal basal cell-labeling index was 1.41 +/- 0.46% for Beagles and 1.71 +/- 0.56% for Cocker Spaniels. The hair follicle basal cell-labeling index was 1.46 +/- 0.78 and 1.07 +/- 0.42%, respectively. Calculated epidermal cell-renewal time for viable layers of the epidermis was 23.38 +/- 5.93 days for Beagles and 20.97 +/- 4.92 days for Cocker Spaniels. Differences between cell kinetic data for the 2 breeds were not significant (P greater than 0.05). The basal cell-labeling index for the sebaceous gland was significantly (P = 0.009) lower for Cocker Spaniels (0.40 +/- 0.18%) than for Beagles (1.81 +/- 1.08%). Seemingly, epidermal and follicular cell proliferation kinetics in healthy dogs was similar between the 2 breeds, whereas sebaceous gland basal cells were less proliferative in healthy Cocker Spaniels than in healthy Beagles. 相似文献
16.
F Y Schulman T P Lipscomb T J Atkin 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2005,17(5):403-411
Thirty tumors including 27 distinctive cutaneous neoplasms and 3 metastatic tumors from 26 dogs were collected from diagnostic submissions to 3 laboratories. Characteristic histopathologic features included location in the subcutis or dermis (or both); lobular, nodular, and nest-like architecture; and a component of epithelioid cells with clear cytoplasm. Additional features present in most cases included follicular dermal papilla-like structures, low mitotic index, nuclear pleomorphism, necrosis, and mineralization. Cytoplasmic periodic acid Schiff-positivity, which was abolished by pretreatment with diastase, indicated the presence of glycogen in all cases. The oil red O stain did not demonstrate cytoplasmic lipid. Melanin granules, accentuated by the Fontana-Masson method, were observed infrequently. A sparsely cellular mucinous stroma and stromal cartilaginous differentiation were uncommon. By immunohistochemistry, neoplastic cells stained positively for cytokeratin (29 of 29), vimentin (28 of 28), S-100 protein (24 of 29), and melan A (8 of 12); results were negative for smooth muscle actin and calponin in all cases. Clinical follow-up information was obtained on all 26 dogs. One tumor recurred, 1 metastasized to a regional lymph node, and 1 metastasized to regional lymph nodes twice. In another case, possible pulmonary metastasis was noted radiographically. The findings are consistent with a poorly differentiated, low-grade, adnexal carcinoma of the skin. Similar canine cutaneous neoplasms have been reported as "clear-cell hidradenocarcinoma" and "follicular stem cell carcinoma." The authors propose the designation "cutaneous clear cell adnexal carcinoma." 相似文献
17.
Karayannopoulou M Polizopoulou ZS Koutinas AF Fytianou A Roubies N Kaldrymidou E Tsioli V Patsikas MN Constantinidis TC Koutinas CK 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2006,35(3):287-290
BACKGROUND: Increased serum activity of total alkaline phosphatase (TALP) has been found in dogs with mammary neoplasms, especially malignant mixed tumors. We hypothesized that the bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (BALP), a specific indicator of osteoblastic activity and bone formation, may contribute to increased TALP in dogs with mammary neoplasms with osseous transformation. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare serum TALP, BALP, and other ALP isoenzyme activities in dogs with mammary malignant neoplasms with and without osseous transformation. METHODS: Twenty-one female dogs with malignant mammary neoplasms were compared with 21 clinically healthy, age-matched female control dogs. Physical, clinicopathologic (including preprandial and postprandial serum bile acids, ACTH stimulation, and low-dose dexamethasone suppression tests), radiographic, and ultrasonographic examinations were performed on all dogs with tumors to assess coexisting conditions. On the basis of histologic examination of excised tumors, dogs were further classified as having epithelial (n = 11) or mesenchymal/mixed (epithelial-mesenchymal) (n = 10) neoplasms, the latter of which had histologic and radiologic evidence of bone formation. Serum TALP, BALP, liver alkaline phosphatase (LALP), and corticosteroid-induced alkaline phosphatase (CALP) activities were measured using biochemical methods. RESULTS: Dogs with malignant mammary tumors had significantly higher (P < .05) median serum TALP (170 U/L), BALP (59 U/L), LALP (49 U/L), and CALP (24 U/L) activities, compared with control dogs (81, 32, 37, and 5 U/L, respectively). Significantly higher activities of BALP and LALP were found in dogs with epithelial neoplasms; whereas, only CALP activity was higher in dogs with mesenchymal/mixed neoplasms. There was no significant difference in TALP or isoenzyme activitities between epithelial and mesenchymal/mixed groups. CONCLUSION: BALP activity is increased in some dogs with malignant mammary tumors but does not account for the increase in TALP in dogs with neoplasms that have osseous transformation. 相似文献
18.
Tumors of astrocytic lineage are among the most common primary brain neoplasms in people and dogs. Current understanding of the pathogenesis of astrocytic tumors is limited in dogs compared with humans. In dogs, critical biological data concerning the natural history of disease progression, tumor imaging features, and response to therapeutic intervention are lacking. This review outlines the clinical, genetic, immunologic, and histopathologic characteristics of astrocytic tumors in dogs with special focus on comparative neuro-oncology. Common problems associated with the diagnosis of these neoplasms are summarized. Traditional veterinary histologic typing and grading of astrocytic tumors must be updated and supplemented with molecular data so that future studies directed toward therapeutic intervention and outcome can be optimized. 相似文献
19.
Hair loss in Chesapeake Bay retrievers has been increasingly recognized by breeders in recent years. Anecdotal reports suggest an endocrine disorder or follicular dysplasia as the underlying cause, but no scientific study has been done to investigate the underlying problem. A prospective study was carried out in collaboration with the American Chesapeake Club. Affected dogs were recruited into the study. Routine dermatological and hormonal (blood and urine) tests, and skin biopsies were performed. Ten dogs (age 1.5–10 years), seven females (two spayed) and three males (two neutered), were included in the study. All dogs had mild or severe hair loss affecting the lateral ventral chest, flanks, rump and thighs. Affected dogs were clinically healthy. Hormonal tests revealed normal thyroid hormone panels, insulin-like growth factor-1 levels, and urinary cortisol:creatinine ratios in samples collected for ten consecutive days. In six of 10 dogs, an adrenal hormone panel showed slight or moderate increased values pre- and/or post-ACTH stimulation of cortisol (three of six), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (five of six), androstenedione (three of six), estradiol (two of six) and progesterone (six of six). The major histopathologic changes resembled canine flank alopecia and follicular dysplasia with pronounced infundibular hyperkeratosis, mild follicular atrophy, and occasional melanin clumping with dystrophic hair shafts. Chesapeake Bay retrievers suffer from a type of hair loss that is likely related to an abnormal production of adrenal sex hormone. Further studies are currently underway to determine if there is a heritable basis for this disease and to evaluate therapeutic options.
Funding: University of Pennsylvania. 相似文献
Funding: University of Pennsylvania. 相似文献
20.
Danny W. Scott Jeff W. Vogel Rebekah I. Fleis William H. Miller Jr Mary C. Smith 《Veterinary dermatology》2011,22(1):2-16
This retrospective study describes 68 alpacas with skin diseases investigated from 1997 through 2006 at Cornell University. During this time period, 40 of 715 (5.6%) alpacas presented to the university hospital had dermatological diseases. In addition, skin‐biopsy specimens accounted for 86 of 353 (24.4%) of alpaca biopsy specimens submitted to the diagnostic laboratory, and of these 86 specimens, follow‐up was available for 28 cases. The following diseases were most common: bacterial infections (22%); neoplasms, cysts and hamartomas (19%); presumed immunological disorders (12%); and ectoparasitisms (10%). Conditions described for the first time included intertrigo, collagen and hair follicle hamartomas, lymphoma, hybrid follicular cysts, melanocytoma, anagen defluxion, telogen defluxion, presumed insect‐bite hypersensitivity, ichthyosis, and possible hereditary bilateral aural haematomas and chondritis. The results of the retrospective study are compared and contrasted with the results of a literature review. 相似文献