共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
2.
《作物研究》2020,(3)
为探索CB-1烟叶最佳采收成熟度与SPAD值之间的关系,根据中、上部鲜烟叶外观特征将不同采收成熟度进行分类,并测定采收时不同成熟度烟叶SPAD值,对各处理烤后烟叶的经济性状、外观质量、化学成分以及感官质量进行评价测定。结果表明:中部叶以叶面8～9成黄,主脉变白2/3以上,支脉变白1/3以上,上部叶以叶面9～10成黄,主脉全白,支脉变白1/2以上为采收标准,烤后烟叶外观质量较好,化学成分趋于协调,上中等烟比例高,产质量较高,感官评吸质量更好;其SPAD值分别为,中部叶24.55～27.23,上部叶24.76～25.65。该结果同时为建阳CB-1烟叶成熟采收提供可量化的参考指标。 相似文献
3.
湘南稻作烟区上部烟叶密集烘烤关键温度点稳温时间研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为解决密集烤房应用中存在的干物质降解不充分和香气物质不足的问题,2012年在湖南永州市宁远县以云烟97为试验材料进行了上部烟叶密集烤房关键温度点稳温时间试验。结果表明,在烟叶变黄期和定色期适当增加稳温时间,可增加上等烟比例和均价,提高烟叶外观质量,降低烟叶淀粉含量,增加总糖和还原糖含量。对上部烟叶,在变黄前期的38℃稳温24 h,在变黄后期的42℃稳温16 h,在定色前期的47℃稳温18 h,定色后期的54℃稳温16 h为适宜。 相似文献
4.
云南曲靖烟区K326烟叶适宜采收成熟度研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
《作物研究》2016,(2)
为确定曲靖烟区膜下小苗移栽后,烤烟品种K326的田间适宜成熟度,对K326中、上部烟叶不同采收时间的鲜烟叶外观成熟特征、烤后烟叶的外观质量、化学成分和评吸质量进行了分析。结果表明,随着采收时间的推迟,烟叶外观质量、内在化学成分和评吸质量均基本呈先升高后降低的趋势。中部和上部叶外观质量均以较常规推迟5 d采收得分较高,分别为37.0和37.5分;化学成分,中部叶以常规采收、较常规推迟5 d采收,上部叶以较常规推迟5 d和10 d采收较为适宜;评吸质量均以较常规推迟5 d采收较好,其得分分别为65.20和63.70分;烤后烟叶经济效益也均以较常规推迟5 d采收最高。在曲靖烟区采用膜下小苗移栽,K326烤烟中部叶以移栽后131d左右,主脉和支脉1/2以上变白、绒毛脱落、茎叶角度80~90°;上部叶以移栽后145~150 d,主脉和支脉全白、绒毛脱落、茎叶角度110~120°为适宜采收成熟度标准。 相似文献
5.
密集烤房装烟密度对烤烟上部烟叶质量的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了研究装烟密度对烤后上部烟叶质量的影响,为密集烤房烘烤工艺完善和优化提供依据,设低密度（3 000 kg/炕）,中密度（4 000 kg/炕）,高密度（5 000 kg/炕）3个装烟密度,对比分析了装烟密度对烤后上部烟叶外观质量、常规化学成分、中性挥发性香味成分和经济性状的影响。结果表明：（1）装烟密度为中密度时,烟叶的外观质量综合得分最高,表现较好。（2）提高装烟密度能够极显著降低上部烟叶的还原糖和淀粉含量,烟碱、水溶性总糖含量也有所降低,显著提高钾含量,而氯含量和石油醚提取物含量变化不大;中密度处理的大部分品质指标较好,化学成分更加协调。（3）增加上部烟叶的装烟密度能够提高中性致香物质含量,改善烟叶的香气质量,尤其以中密度最为明显,较低密度增加14.64%。可见,装烟密度为中密度时能够提高上部烟叶的质量和经济效益。 相似文献
6.
为研究不同比例生物有机肥和复合肥混施对烟草农艺性状及品质的影响，采用田间小区试验，分别设置3种不同施肥处理，分析烟草不同生育期农艺性状、烟叶物理性状、烟叶外观等以及烟叶烟碱、总糖、还原糖等烟草品质指标。结果表明：单施复合肥处理(CK)前期烟草农艺性状优于不同比例生物有机肥和复合肥混施处理(T1和T2)，平顶期T1和T2的农艺性状则较CK组有明显优势；烟草中部叶片物理性状表现为T1处理最优，T2次之，CK最差；烟叶品质方面，T2处理烟叶外观质量有所改善，但其化学成分烟碱含量降低。烟叶品质总体表现为T2最优， 相似文献
7.
8.
为明确稻茬烤烟湘烟7号上部烟叶采收适宜成熟度，设计M1(习惯采收)、M2(延迟7 d采收)、M3(延迟14 d采收)3个处理，研究上部烟叶一次性采收不同成熟度对烟叶质量的影响。结果表明，随上部6片烟叶采收成熟度的提高，鲜烟叶中的SPAD值降低；上部烟叶延迟7 d采收有利于降低烤后烟叶杂色烟和烤青烟比例，提高正组烟叶比例，提高烟叶外观质量和评吸质量；M2较M1、M3上等烟比例分别高6.3和17.8百分点，均价分别高5.86%和14.68%。湖南桂阳烟区烤烟上部6片叶一次性采收成熟度以M2为宜，叶片SPAD值22～29、叶面变黄60%～80%、主脉变白80%～100%、支脉变白50%～80%、部分茸毛脱落、成熟斑较多可作为适宜采收成熟度的参考指标。 相似文献
9.
延迟变黄时间对烤后烟叶品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用湘密1号密集烤房,研究在烘烤温度38℃时延长变黄时间对烟叶外观、品质及烘烤能耗成本的影响.结果表明,较常规烘烤处理,延长变黄时间12h后升温,可使烟叶充分变黄,平衡烟叶中各种化学成分含量,增加烟叶香吃味,改善烤后烟叶外观质量,上等烟叶提高12.2％～20.3％,且干物质不会减少,烟叶烘烤能耗成本减少0.04元/kg. 相似文献
10.
11.
Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
12.
通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。 相似文献
16.
以‘福桐’、‘绿桐’2个无性系与10个不同种源的白花泡桐个体为研究对象,采用ISSR分子标记对12份白花泡桐材料的亲缘关系进行研究,并利用DPSv3.01进行聚类分析。结果表明：10条引物共扩增出66条条带,其中有37条多态带,多态性比例为56.1%。根据ISSR聚类分析结果,在遗传距离为0.35时,12份白花泡桐材料可分为5类,第1类为‘福桐’无性系与河南、河北种源个体;第2类为‘绿桐’无性系与湖南、湖北、江苏种源个体;第3类为浙江、广东种源个体;第4类为江西、福建种源个体;第5类为广西种源个体。此结果 相似文献
17.
18.
Insect pest management is facing the economic and ecological challenge worldwide due to the human and environmental hazards caused by majority of the synthetic pesticide chemicals. Identification of novel effective insecticidal compounds is essential to combat increasing resistance rates. Botanicals containing active insecticidal phytochemicals appear to be promising to address some of these problems. Therefore, there is a continuous need to explore new active molecules with different mechanisms of action. Secondary metabolites present in plants apparently function as defense (toxic), which inhibits reproduction and other processes. The phytochemical biomolecules could be used for maximizing the effectiveness and specificity in future insecticide design with specific or multiple target sites, while ensuring the economic and ecological sustainability. In this article, the current state of knowledge on phytochemical sources and insecticidal activity, their mechanism of action in insects, resistance, and promising advances made in phytochemical research are reviewed. 相似文献
19.
R. W. Summers 《Crop Protection》1989,8(6):451-454
One hundred and fifty-six pre-roost gatherings of starlings were observed at 28 sites around a roost in west Norfolk during winter. Pre-roost gatherings occurred more frequently at individual farmyards compared with individual fields, but 82% of the sites where gatherings occurred were on fields. The size of gatherings was greater, the closer to the roost. Birds in pre-roost gatherings on fields of autumn-sown winter wheat spent most of the time feeding and had a diet composed almost exclusively of wheat seeds. Birds in gatherings on grass fields also fed intensively whereas only 31% of birds at farmyards were feeding. The implications that these results have with regard to potential damage to fields of winter wheat and around farmyards are discussed. 相似文献
20.
为深入研究昆虫病原真菌蝉拟青霉疏水蛋白PChyd基因的功能,根据蝉拟青霉基因组信息克隆疏水蛋白PChyd基因,对该基因序列进行生物信息学分析,使用qRT-PCR技术对其在不同培养条件或阶段下的表达模式进行分析,并通过酶切酶连的方法构建了该基因的敲除载体。结果表明：PChyd基因的开放阅读框序列全长303 bp,编码100 aa,包含22 aa的信号肽序列和70 aa疏水蛋白功能区域。系统发育分析显示该基因与粗糙虫草菌亲缘关系最近。qRT-PCR结果显示PChyd基因在PDA培养的菌丝体、诱导的附着胞、诱导的芽生孢子中表达量显著高于另外2个样品,其中芽生孢子表达量最高,暗示该基因在蝉拟青霉侵染初期和在昆虫血腔中定殖阶段可能具有重要作用。凝胶电泳结果表明,成功构建了该基因的敲除载体,扩增出含有上臂、HPH、下臂的3356 bp左右的片段。本研究为进一步探究蝉拟青霉疏水蛋白PChyd基因的致病机理、生防工程菌的改造奠定了基础。 相似文献