共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
《中国水稻研究通报》1999,(3)
To explore the bacterial diversity for sustain-able management of the major rice diseases,asurvey of bacterial diversity of rice seed wasconducted in Luzon Island of the Philippines(the tropics)and in Zhejiang Province of China(the subtropics),during 1993-1998.One hun-dred sixteen(0.5kg/sample)and 129(1kg/sample)seed samples were collected from the subtropics and the tropics,respectively.Morethan 3000 bacterial isolates were picked and examined under the UV light for their fluores-cence.After colony morphological,pathogeni-cal,and some bacteriological tests,816 non-pathogenic bacteria isolates were selected forfurther identification using a numeric taxono- 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
LINGJiangqun HEZhuhua LIDebao 《中国水稻研究通报》1997,5(3):1-2
Polamines are the major seed storage proteins in most of the sereals. The rice prolamines contain a high mole percentage of glutamine residues and low jevels of lysine, histidine,cystine, and methionine. Among the four coraponent of rice prolamiaes, 16KDa and 10KDa contsin more sulfate-riched amino acid residues. 相似文献
6.
PENGChunrui CropCult TillInst LIHua 《中国水稻研究通报》1995,3(2):7-7
To study the differences of source-sink characteristics and seed-setting rate between indica/japonica hybrid rice and indica/indica hybrid rice, we conducted this experiment in Yintan City, Jiangxi Province,in 1993. The indica/japonica hybrid rice tested were: Jiangnongzao ⅡA/1044, Jiangnongzao ⅡA/1044zao, Jiangnongzao ⅡA/1046, and 5460s/Guangkanggen 2.The indica/indica hybrid rice tested was Shanyou 63. They were planted in late season, with a transplanting space of 16.7cm×20cm. At the heading stage, the leaf areas were measured, and the experiment of cutting off leaves or spikelets was conducted. The resuts indicated that: 相似文献
7.
PENGYunsheng WANGHuaqi HEDaogeng 《中国水稻研究通报》1996,4(1):11-11
To study the property of the radiant spectrum(RS),i.e.absorption,reflectance and trans-mission ratio.Four upland rice varieties i.e.Haogelao,Hongkuo—laoshuya,Chengjiang—ludao,and IRAT—109,and four paddy ricevarieties Xifeng,Akihikari,Zhongbai 4,andYuefu were sown at Beijing on dry land in themiddle May,1992 and 1993.The plants weretreated with drought stress during seedling,booting,heading and flowering stages.It wasrainy season or intermittent irrigation duringother period.The RS and the chlorophyll con-tent of the third leave of seedlings and that offlag leave at heading—flowering period weremeasured with UV—190 model spectrometer.The results are shown in Fig 1 and Fig 2.There were little difference of RS in 800-200 mn and chlorophyll content between theleaves of paddy and upland rice during seedlingstage (Fig 1).However,remarkable differ- 相似文献
8.
CHENZhiyi YINShangzhi CHENYulin 《中国水稻研究通报》1994,2(1):4-6
Green smut bails were collected from diseased rice panicles and surtace sterilized in sodium chloride for 5 minutes. The orange colored internal tissues were placed on PDA medium kept at 25℃ for 5 d to get pure cultures. PDA plates with the pathogen mycelial pieces in diameter of 5mm were incubated under 9 temperature grades ranged from 13 to 35℃. 相似文献
9.
The nucleus of the cell serves to maintain, regulate, and replicate the critical genetic information encoded by the genome. Genomic DNA is highly associated with proteins that enable simple nuclear structures such as nucleosomes to form higher-order organisation such as chromatin fibres. The temporal association of regulatory proteins with DNA creates a dynamic environment capable of quickly responding to cellular requirements and distress. The response is often mediated through alterations in the chromatin structure, resulting in changed accessibility of specific DNA sequences that are then recognized by specific proteins. Anti-cancer drugs that target cellular DNA have been used clinically for over four decades, but it is only recently that nuclease specific drugs have been developed to not only target the DNA but also other components of the nuclear structure and its regulation. In this review, we discuss some of the new drugs aimed at primary DNA sequences, DNA secondary structures, and associated proteins, keeping in mind that these agents are not only important from a clinical perspective but also as tools for understanding the nuclear environment in normal and cancer cells. 相似文献
10.
A. Sonnino 《Potato Research》2000,43(4):395-445
Report
Report of the joint meeting of the Potato Section of EUCARPIA and the Section Breeding and varietal assessment of the EAPR, 3–7 July, 2000, Warsaw (Poland) 相似文献11.
Relationship between the eating quality and the physico-chemical properties of high grain quality rice in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国水稻研究通报》1997,(1)
Relationship between eating quality (EQ) andphysico-chemical properties of 78 high grainquality rice varieties, 45 indica and 33 japoni-ca, were studied in 1995. The samples werecollected from different rice growing regions in20 provinces. The physico-chemical proper-ties, including grain length (GL), length towidth ratio (L/W), chalky grain rate (CG),chalkiness (CH), translucency (TR), gela-tinization temperature (GT, measured by alka-li spreading value), gel consistency (GC),amylase content (AC), and protein content(PC) were measured according to the standard 相似文献
12.
A rapid method for characterization and online detection of surfactin isomers was developed based on HPLC-MS(n) (n = 1, 2, 3) analyses, and many surfactin isomers were detected and characterized from the bioactive fraction of the mangrove bacterium Bacillus sp. Inhibitory activities of surfactin isomers on the overproduction of nitric oxide and the release of TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced macrophages were systematically investigated. It was revealed that the surfactin isomers showed strong inhibitory properties on the overproduction of nitric oxide and the release of IL-6 on LPS-induced murine macrophage cell RAW264.7 with IC(50) values ranging from 1.0 to 7.0 μM. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies revealed that the existence of the free carboxyl group in the structure of surfactin isomers was crucial. These findings will be very helpful for the development of this novel kind of natural product as new anti-inflammatory agents. 相似文献
13.
《中国水稻研究通报》2000,(1)
Ｉｔｗａｓｆｏｕｎｄｔｈａｔｅｘｏｇｅｎｏｕｓｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅｏｒｅｔｈｒｅｌｃｏｕｌｄｉｎｄｕｃｅｒｉｃｅｍａｌｅｓｔｅｒｉｌｉｔｙａｎｄｅｎｄｏｇｅｎｏｕｓｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅｗａｓｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅｌｙｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｐｏｌｌｅｎｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｔｙａｎｄｐｌａｙａｋｅｙｒｏｌｅｉｎｔｈｅｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｎｃｅｏｆｒｉｃｅｍａｌｅｓｔｅｒｉｌｉｔｙ．Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｉｔｉｓｕｎｋｎｏｗｎｗｈｅｔｈｅｒｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅｉｓｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｎｃｅｏｆＣＭＳ（ｃｙｔｏｐｌ… 相似文献
14.
15.
FANShuyang GUOShaochuan 《中国水稻研究通报》1994,2(1):6-7
The seedlings of indica hybrid rice Weiyou 49 and Weiyou 28 were exposed to 1℃ and 40℃ .and the changes of activity (content) of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), ascorbic acid (ASA), glutathione (GSH),malondialdehyde (MDA) and leakage of electrolytes (%) were measured. 相似文献
16.
Phytate of three concentrations was sprayed on the leaves of an indica rice Yuanfengzao in heading stage, full heading stage, filling stage and wax ripeness stage respectively. The effects of phytate on the enzyme activity in endosperm and rice grain quality were determinated. Plants sprayed with distilled water were used as control. It was showed that spraying solutions in full heading stage had the most manifest effect. The activity of amylosynthetase between the 100mg/kg and 150mg/kg phytate treatment was identical, which was 7.4% higher than that of 50mg/kg treatment. On the other hand, amylase activity on the 50mg/kg treatment was 12.5% and 8.7% lower than those 相似文献
17.
18.
Anthony T. Slater Noel O. I. Cogan Brendan C. Rodoni Hans D. Daetwyler Benjamin J. Hayes Brittney Caruana Pieter E. Badenhorst German C. Spangenberg John W. Forster 《Potato Research》2017,60(3-4):337-352
A conventional potato breeding strategy uses targeted outcrossing, followed by phenotypic recurrent selection over a series of generations to identify improved cultivars. This paper reviews recent research in Australia aimed at improving the efficiency of such breeding. To develop marker-assisted selection (MAS) for traits of interest, our initial targets were qualitative disease resistances for potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis Ro1), Potato virus Y and Potato virus X. We undertook a cost analysis comparison between MAS and conventional screening, confirming that MAS would be cost-effective within a breeding programme. Then, as the majority of target traits are quantitative in nature, we also looked at methods to address these traits, including progeny testing and a quantitative genetic analysis technique to develop estimated breeding values (EBVs). We found the markers were useful for detecting the disease resistance characters, while the EBVs improved the analysis of the complex traits. Using a combination of MAS, EBVs and conventional screening methods, we then designed a breeding scheme for rapid selection of cultivars with multiple desirable traits, reducing the breeding cycle from over 10 to 4 years. We then explored the factors that will affect the application of genomic selection in potato and investigated strategies to incorporate genomic selection in potato breeding, as we found that it would accelerate genetic gain as the breeding cycle can be reduced to 1 year. Improvements in computational power are also flowing on to research capabilities such as sequencing, high-throughput phenotyping and data analysis, which will accelerate germplasm improvement and breeding. High-throughput phenotyping facilities are being developed that include automated glasshouse systems equipped with imaging sensors and in-field high-throughput phenotyping systems with sensors mounted on ground- or aerial-based vehicles. Using these technological improvements in phenotypic and genotypic analysis will reduce the breeding cycle in a cost-effective manner and means that we can now breed differently. 相似文献
19.
《Field Crops Research》1999,64(3):273-286
On-farm research to evaluate the productivity and nitrogen (N) nutrition of a rice (Oryza sativa L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system was conducted with 21 farmers in the piedmont of Nepal and with 21 farmers in northwest Bangladesh. In Nepal, two levels of N-fertilizer (0–22–42 and 100–22–42 kg N–P–K ha−1) and farmers’ nutrient management practices were tested in the rice season, and three levels of N (0–22–42, 70–22–42, and 100–22–42) and farmers’ practices were evaluated in the wheat season. The treatments in Bangladesh included a researchers managed minus-N plot (0–22–42) and the farmers’ practices. Rice and wheat yields were higher in all treatments than the 0–22–42 control plots, with the exception of rice with the farmers’ practices at one location in Bangladesh. The researchers’ treatment of 100–22–42 in Nepal resulted in larger yields of both rice and wheat than the farmers’ practices, indicating that farmers’ rates of N-fertilizer (mean 49 kg N ha−1) were too low. Delaying wheat seeding reduced yields in the fertilized plots in both countries, especially as N-fertilizer dose increased. Soil N-supplying capacities (SNSC), measured as total N accumulation from the zero-N plots (0–22–42), and grain yields without N additions were greater for rice than for wheat in both Nepal and Bangladesh. Higher SNSC in rice was probably due to greater mineralization of soil organic N in the warm, moist conditions of the monsoon season than in the cooler, drier wheat season. However, SNSC was not correlated with total soil N, two soil N availability tests (hot KCl-extractable NH4+ or 7-day anaerobic incubation), exchangeable NH4+ or NO3−. Wheat in Nepal had greater N-recovery efficiency, agronomic efficiency of N, and physiological efficiency of N than rice. Nitrogen internal-use efficiency of rice for all treatments in both countries was within published ranges of maximum sufficiency and maximum dilution. In wheat, the relationship between grain yield and N accumulation was linear indicating that mobilization of plant N to the grain was less affected by biotic and abiotic stresses than in rice. 相似文献
20.
John E. Bradshaw 《Potato Research》2009,52(2):141-172
Seventy-two potato cultivars have been bred at the Scottish Plant Breeding Station and the Scottish Crop Research Institute
since 1920. The original genetic base contained resistance to wart disease and to viruses, but not comprehensive resistance
to all strains. Introgression of resistance genes from the wild and cultivated potato species of Latin America started for
late blight in 1932, for viruses in 1941 and for potato cyst nematodes in 1952. Just seven of the 219 wild tuber-bearing species
recognized by Hawkes in 1990 feature in the pedigrees of our cultivars, with Solanum demissum for blight resistance in 58, S. vernei for nematode resistance in 19 and S. microdontum for Potato virus Y resistance in 15, the other four species being S. multidissectum, S. commersonii, S. maglia and S. acaule. Resistance to other fungal and bacterial diseases has been mainly due to chance rather than deliberate breeding. From 1970,
selection for yield and quality included processing quality, and despite lack of commercial success, prospects remain good
for cultivars resistant to sweetening during cold storage. Since 1990 prebreeding has combined desirable traits through efficient
recurrent selection based on progeny testing and provided parents for the commercially funded breeding of finished cultivars.
Only one cultivar is a Neotuberosum–Tuberosum hybrid, whereas 15 cultivars have the H1 gene for resistance to Globodera rostochiensis introgressed from group Andigena. Long-day Phureja cultivars are finding a market niche for their flavour attributes. Breeding
strategies and methods are critically reviewed from a genetic viewpoint. 相似文献