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为研究长期饲喂亚麻籽对蛋鸡生产性能和表观消化代谢的影响,试验选用48只体重相近的55周龄健康海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分成4组,每组12只,即试验1、2、3和4组分别在基础日粮中添加0、6%、12%和18%亚麻籽,饲喂10周。结果表明,试验2、3组对蛋鸡增重无影响(P>0.05),试验4组蛋鸡体重显著下降(P<0.05);各试验组排泄物的水分含量无显著变化(P>0.05);试验2组可提高产蛋性能,试验3组可改善部分产蛋性能,但试验4组能降低产蛋性能。对于营养物质的消化代谢,试验2组不影响日粮表观代谢能和营养物质表观代谢率,试验3组显著降低能量表观代谢率和磷表观代谢率(P<0.05),试验4组降低能量及多项营养物质表观代谢率。提示,日粮中添加6%亚麻籽可用于长期饲喂蛋鸡。 相似文献
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亚麻籽是反刍动物营养物质的一个重要来源,含有丰富的蛋白质、能量及必需脂肪酸。饲喂亚麻籽日粮可以提高肌肉中#-3必需脂肪酸的水平,从而改善肉质,优化人们饮食结构。文章介绍了亚麻籽的营养价值,以及通过在日粮中添加亚麻籽,对反刍动物消化吸收和肌肉性能的影响。 相似文献
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文章旨在评估饲喂膨化亚麻籽对蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响,试验将产蛋性能一致的720只海兰褐壳蛋鸡随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复30只,各组饲喂膨化亚麻籽水平为0、2.5%和5%的日粮。结果：5%膨化亚麻籽组蛋鸡的产蛋率和平均蛋重较对照组显著提高了12.15%和13.44%（P＜0.05）,而对照组料蛋比表现最高（P＜0.05）,5%膨化亚麻籽组表现最低（P＜0.05）。2.5%和5%膨化亚麻籽组蛋黄相对重量较对照组显著提高了8.09%和7.66%（P＜0.05）,平均日采食量较对照组显著提高了2.97%和3.02%（P＜0.05）,哈氏单位较对照组显著提高了5.60%和5.39%（P＜0.05）。5%膨化亚麻籽组蛋黄C16：0脂肪酸和饱和脂肪酸浓度表现最低（P＜0.05）,而对照组蛋黄单不饱和脂肪酸、胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白质水平显著高于处理组（P＜0.05）,但多不饱和脂肪酸和n-3脂肪酸浓度表现最低（P＜0.05）。5%膨化亚麻籽组蛋鸡血清总蛋白浓度显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）,但血清胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白浓度显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。2.5%和5%膨化亚麻籽组蛋鸡血清高密度脂蛋白浓度显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：产蛋后期日粮中补充2.5%-5%膨化亚麻籽可以提高采食量、饲料效率以及蛋黄多不饱和脂肪酸水平,其中5%膨化亚麻籽添加量可以降低血清胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白浓度。
[关键词] 膨化亚麻籽|蛋鸡|生产性能|蛋品质|血清生化 相似文献
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添加亚麻籽对肉羊生产性能和肌肉中功能性脂肪酸含量的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
16只体重相近(34.06±1.68)kg的杂交公羔羊按单因素随机分组设计原理分成4组,每组4只,分别饲喂添加0(对照组)、5%、10%、15%亚麻籽的日粮进行为期60d的饲养试验。结果表明:①在60d的试验期内,随着亚麻籽添加水平的提高,试验羊的净增重、平均日增重、饲料转化率3个指标有降低的趋势,其中15%亚麻籽组与其他组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。②各处理组肌肉和脂肪组织中,c9,t11-CLA的含量各试验组比对照组都要高(P<0.05),其中15%亚麻籽组最高,然后是10%亚麻籽组和5%亚麻籽组;肌肉中亚麻酸(C18:3)的含量与亚麻籽的添加水平呈正相关,15%亚麻籽组最高;二十碳五烯酸(C20:5n-3,EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(C22:6n-3,DHA)为10%亚麻籽组最高,与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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文章旨在评估日粮添加不同水平的亚麻籽对生长育肥猪生长指标、血清和肌肉抗氧化指标及肉品质的影响.试验将576头体重接近的16周龄生长猪分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复24头.试验育肥猪在26周龄出栏,整个试验期间3组分别饲喂亚麻籽添加水平为0、1％和2％的配合饲料.结果:1％和2％亚麻籽组育肥猪生长前期(16～20周)的... 相似文献
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本试验旨在探讨日粮中亚麻籽添加水平和添加时间对蛋中n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的富集以及蛋品质的影响。选取46周龄京粉1号蛋鸡1 344只,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复56只。4个处理组日粮中亚麻籽的添加水平分别为0%(对照组)、5%、10%、15%。试验期60 d。试验第10、20、30、45、60天测定蛋中α-亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)等n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)含量。第30、60天测定蛋壳强度、蛋黄色度和哈氏单位。结果表明:亚麻籽的添加水平、时间以及二者互作均对蛋中n-3PUFA的富集产生显著影响,蛋中n-3PUFA含量随着亚麻籽添加水平和添加时间增加呈上升趋势,随后达到稳定;5%亚麻籽组中鸡蛋DHA含量最高,其他脂肪酸含量以15%亚麻籽组最高;蛋中EPA含量在20 d达到最高,其他脂肪酸在30 d达到最高;蛋黄色度随着日粮中亚麻籽添加水平升高而显著降低,其他蛋品质指标无显著变化。由此表明,给蛋鸡饲喂含15%亚麻籽日粮30 d以上,可获得理想n-3PUFA富集鸡蛋,但要保证日粮色素水平稳定。 相似文献
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亚麻籽油可减少肉鸡腹脂肪 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
西班牙研究人员试验了饲喂不同脂肪酸对肉鸡的影响。试验用 6 0只 2 8～ 4 8日龄肉鸡 ,日粮中不加脂肪或以 1 0 %比例添加牛羊脂、橄榄油、葵花油或亚麻籽油。试验结果表明 :在肉鸡日粮中添加脂肪 ,饲喂亚麻籽油的肉鸡腹脂肪显著低于牛羊脂的肉鸡。但是添加脂肪日粮的肉鸡之间能量沉积没有显著差异。脂肪酸平衡证实 ,在试验期间饲喂亚麻籽油肉鸡的脂肪酸氧化值(4 8.2g)最高。饲喂添加脂肪日粮的肉鸡内源性脂肪合成对总体脂肪的贡献最低 ,牛羊脂、橄榄油、葵花油或亚麻籽油分别占 3、1 .2、8.5和 7.5g。这说明 ,在日粮中添加脂肪可以抑制脂肪… 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平水煮亚麻籽对蛋鸡生长性能、蛋品质、蛋黄脂肪酸沉积和血清生化指标的影响。采用单因素试验设计,选取产蛋后期（52周龄）、体重[（2.05±0.06） kg]和产蛋率[（72.4±0.5）%]接近的海蓝褐蛋鸡1 620只,随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复45只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,未处理组在基础饲粮中添加4%未处理亚麻籽,试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组在基础饲粮中分别添加4%、8%、12%、16%水煮亚麻籽。预试期1周,正试期5周。结果显示：1）饲粮中相同亚麻籽添加水平下,未处理组产蛋率显著低于试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05）,试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和对照组的产蛋率显著高于试验Ⅳ组（P<0.05）,且试验Ⅱ组最高。与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组平均蛋重显著升高（P<0.05）。与试验Ⅰ组相比,试验Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组蛋料比均显著下降（P<0.05）。2）在饲粮中添加不同水平水煮亚麻籽对蛋形指数、蛋清比例和蛋黄比例无显著影响（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组哈氏单位显著提高（P<0.05）,试验Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组无显著差异（P>0... 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究亚麻籽对育肥牛肉品质及脂肪酸的影响。选择体重接近的西门塔尔杂交牛32头,采用单因素试验设计,随机分为4组,每组8头,其中试验Ⅰ组(对照组)、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组牛饲喂亚麻籽的比例分别占精料0%,5%,10%和15%。结果表明,1)各试验组屠宰率,净肉率与对照组比较无显著差异(P>0.05),背膘厚度显著提高(P＜0.05),试验Ⅳ组的背膘厚度比对照组显著提高了57.75%,牛肉中脂肪含量显著提高(P＜0.05); 2)日粮中添加亚麻籽显著降低育肥牛宰后24和48 h剪切力(P＜0.01)和pH(P＜0.01);3)日粮中添加亚麻籽使肉牛背最长肌中多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)显著提高(P＜0.01)。日粮中添加亚麻籽可以改善胴体品质,优化了肉牛肌肉的脂肪酸组成,特别是显著增加了PUFA含量。综合分析,亚麻籽在育肥牛日粮中的适宜饲喂比例为精料的10%～15%。 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2005,14(1):38-46
Effect of access to wood shavings on gizzard activity was examined for birds fed pelleted wheat and oat diets with or without whole cereal inclusion. Layers on litter floor fed wheat diets with access to coarse wood shavings showed up to 60% higher weight of the gizzard and its content than caged layers fed the same diets without access to wood shavings. No such effect was found by feeding oat diets. Thus, a significant interaction was found, indicating that the appetite for wood shavings may be dependent of fiber level of the diet. Appetite for wood shavings and paper was examined for birds fed wheat and oat diets in 2 other experiments. The intake of wood shavings and paper by birds fed a wheat-based diet was numerically twice as high as in birds fed an oat-based diet. However, the individual variation was remarkably high. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration in the gizzard of birds fed the oat diet was up to twice (P < 0.05) the fiber concentration in the gizzard of birds fed the wheat diet. Passage of structural fibers through the gizzard and the appetite for feathers in the absence of structural fibers were also studied in an experiment using diets based on rice and casein. Coarse fiber structures were observed to accumulate in the gizzard. In the absence of fiber, birds ate feathers, indicating that birds may eat feathers to compensate for the lack of structural components in the feed. 相似文献
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A total of 72 pigs weaned at 4 wk of age were allotted by litter and weight to nine treatment groups and fed 20% protein cornsoybean meal diets supplemented with various levels of inorganic Se during a 37-d postweaning period. Eight groups were fed diets with 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10, 15, 20 or 40 ppm Se provided as sodium selenite, while a ninth was offered the 0- and 40-ppm Se diets in separate feeders. Gains and feed intakes were similar during the trial for the 0- and 2.5-ppm Se diets. Both gain and feed intake declined as dietary Se levels above 5.0 ppm increased. At a dietary Se concentration of 40 ppm, feed consumption ceased within a few days of feeding and subsequent gains were negative. Pigs offered both the 0- and 40-ppm Se diets preferentially selected the basal as compared with the 40-ppm Se diet. When the feeders were switched at 28 d they refused the 40-ppm Se diet within a few hours. After a 17-d period, pigs fed the 20- or 40-ppm Se diet were not able to coordinate their walk, with many exhibiting an inability to stand. Alopecia was demonstrated in pigs fed 15 ppm Se or higher at 17 d, but was evident in the 5.0-ppm group at 37 d. At the termination of the trial, abnormal hoof formation at the coronary band was evident in pigs fed diets containing Se greater than or equal to 5 ppm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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饲喂亚麻油日粮对矮小型和普通型蛋鸡生产性能的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本试验研究了在利用含 5 %亚麻油的日粮生产富含多不饱和脂肪酸的功能蛋时 ,矮小型和普通型褐壳蛋鸡主要生产性能及屠体指标的变化。普通型蛋鸡对亚麻油日粮表现出一定的厌食 ,而矮小型鸡的采食量则略为增加。饲喂亚麻油日粮使普通型鸡的产蛋率显著降低 ,而矮小型蛋鸡的产蛋率则显著增加 (P <0 .0 5 )。矮小型鸡的蛋壳厚度、强度和蛋黄颜色均优于普通型蛋鸡。亚麻油日粮对蛋壳厚度和强度没有影响 ,但使蛋黄比色显著降低 ,矮小型鸡受影响的程度要小于普通型鸡。亚麻油日粮增加了肝脂的沉积。矮小型鸡肝脂的含量较低 ,从而减少了饲喂高脂日粮带来肝脏脂肪浸渗的机会 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2006,15(3):425-432
Phosphorus supplementation from poor quality feed-grade sources may introduce excessive levels of vanadium (V) into the diets of laying hens. Vanadium in the diet of chickens has been shown to be detrimental to egg production, albumen height, BW, and feed consumption. This study showed that dietary V also has a negative effect on the color of brown eggshells from commercial-type layers. Commercial-type brown egg layers were fed a cornsoybean meal basal diet supplemented with 0, 50, or 100 ppm of V as NH4 VO3 to determine the effect on shell pigmentation. Hens fed V at both dietary concentrations laid lighter colored eggs (less redness) after only 2 d. Another experimental group of the same type of hens that were fed lower V concentrations (0, 15, or 30 ppm) also had less shell pigmentation. After the detrimental “bleaching” effect on shell color was observed, these diets were supplemented with 1 of the following: no supplement, 100 ppm of vitamin C, 100 IU of vitamin E, or 100 ppm of β-carotene. Only vitamin C restored the eggshell color of eggs from hens fed both levels of V. When these same antioxidants were added as preventive agents to diets supplemented with 15 ppm of V before the effects of V were established, brown layers benefited again from 100 ppm of vitamin C but not from vitamin E or β-carotene. 相似文献
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Folic acid supplementation to diets of gestating-lactating swine over multiple parities 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Crossbred gilts (n = 59) were utilized in a three-parity study to evaluate the effects of dietary additions of folic acid for reproducing swine and to ascertain if responses were dependent on the presence of a sulfonamide in the diet. The four dietary treatments were 1) control, a 14% crude protein corn-soybean meal diet with 110 ppm tylosin, 2) diet 1 plus 110 ppm sulfamethazine, 3) diet 1 plus 1 ppm folic acid and 4) diet 2 plus 1 ppm folic acid. Gilts were allotted to dietary treatment based on age, weight and ancestry within 15 d postbreeding and remained on the assigned dietary treatment continuously. Folic acid supplementation of the diet improved (P less than .05) total (11.17 vs 10.23) and live pigs born (10.79 vs 9.86) per litter; however, when litters were weaned at 28 d, the folic acid advantage was not significant (P greater than .20, 9.34 vs 9.03). No dietary effects (P greater than .10) were observed for pig birth weight or weaning weight. Number of breedings required per female farrowed tended (P less than .12) to be less for females fed folic acid-supplemented diets (1.07 vs 1.16). These results demonstrate improved sow performance through an increase in pigs born and possibly an improved conception rate when folic acid is supplemented to cornsoybean meal diets. 相似文献
16.
H F Schryver D W Meakim J E Lowe J Williams L V Soderholm H F Hintz 《Equine veterinary journal》1987,19(4):280-287
The effect of level of protein intake on growth and calcium metabolism was studied in 24 foals. Starting at four months old, the foals were fed one of three diets containing all nutrients, with the exception of protein, at levels recommended by the United States National Research Council Subcommittee on Horse Nutrition for a 12 month period. The protein levels in the three diets were 9 per cent (low protein) 14 per cent (NRC recommended level) and 20 per cent (high protein). The foals fed the low protein diet were changed to the high protein diet after 140 days when they were nine months old. There were no significant differences in the rates of growth in weight, height, cannon circumference or in hoof growth and feed utilisation of the horses fed the 14 or the 20 per cent protein diets. However, growth, feed intake and feed utilisation by the foals fed the low (9 per cent) protein diet were significantly depressed. The average daily gains for the first 140 days for the 9, 14 and 20 per cent protein treatment groups were 64, 631 and 687 g in weight, 0.57, 0.83 and 0.87 mm in height and 0.04, 0.13 and 0.14 m in forecannon circumference, respectively. The average daily feed intakes for the 140 day period for the three groups were 2.7, 4.4 and 4.7 kg, respectively. After the change to the high protein diet the foals that had been fed the low protein diet maintained a higher rate of gain in bodyweight, height and cannon circumference, and utilised feed more efficiently than the other two groups throughout the second 140 days of the experiment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
17.
日粮赖氨酸与精氨酸比例对肉鸡生产和氮沉积的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验研究了玉米 豆粕型基础日粮中５个赖氨酸、精氨酸比例（Ｌ／Ａ）水平（１．４８１,１．２２１,１１．１８,１１．４５,１１．７５）对肉鸡生产的影响。实验结果表明,日粮不同赖／精比例对肉鸡的采食量、日增重、饲料转化率等生产性能及氮沉积都有显著影响。 相似文献
18.
1. Different concentrations of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 and 4.5 g/kg diet) were given to broilers (8 to 42 d of age) to establish regressions between dietary NPP concentration and body weight gain and tibia ash content. Second and third experiments were conducted to study the feasibility of utilisation of different phosphatic fertilisers [ammonium phosphate (AP), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), single super phosphate (SSP), NPK (17:17:17, NPK) and NP (28:28:0, NPK)] in commercial broilers (8 to 42 d) and White Leghorn layers (252 to 364 d). 2. Phosphatic fertilisers were incorporated both in broiler (10 g calcium and 4.5 g NPP/kg) and layer (35 g calcium and 3.5 g NPP/kg) diets by replacing dicalcium phosphate (DCP) in toto. 3. The logarithmic curves obtained for predicting the body weight gain and tibia ash content at different levels of NPP used in experiment 1 were Y = 156.27 + 2,468.8 logX (r2= 0.958) and Y = 530.82 + 144.26 log X (r2 = 0.916), respectively. 4. Body weight gain and food intake in broilers given APP- or NP-supplemented diets were comparable to these in the DCP-fed group. Feeding of NPK, AP or SSP resulted in significant depression in weight gain and food intake and high excreta moisture content. Food/gain, Ca and P contents in tibia ash and serum were not influenced by the use of phosphatic fertilisers as P sources in broiler diets. 5. Tibia ash content in broilers fed on diets containing fertilisers was either similar to or significantly higher than that in the DCP-fed group. Broilers on AP or SSP retained more P and had higher tibia ash content than those on DCP. AP, SSP or NPK caused degenerative and necrotic changes in liver, kidney and intestine of broilers. 6. Relative bio-availability of P from APP or NP was better for body weight gain than AP, SSP or NPK, while the reverse was true for bone calcification. 7. APP and NP gave hen-d egg production similar to that of DCP-fed layers. Food intake was significantly reduced in layers fed on diets containing fertilisers. However, food/egg mass, egg weight and serum Ca and inorganic P contents were not influenced by inclusion of fertilisers in layer diets. 8. Except for AP, inclusion of fertilisers in layer diets reduced shell weight and shell thickness compared with the DCP-fed group. However, no apparent eggshell defects were found which could be attributable to diet. 9. Results of these experiments suggest that APP and NP can be used as the sole source of P both in broiler and layer diets, replacing DCP in toto. However, when utilising these P sources in layers, due attention should be given to shell quality. Fertilisers containing high F (AP and SSP) or K (NPK) reduced performance in broilers and layers and caused microscopic changes in liver, kidney and intestine in broilers. 相似文献
19.
文章旨在研究高温条件下日粮添加不同脂肪来源和水平对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响。试验将480只31周龄的海兰褐壳蛋鸡随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复24只。对照组日粮代谢能含量为2800 kcal/kg,不添加脂肪,其他4组日粮分别添加2%或4%动物脂肪或大豆油,所有日粮中的能量和营养浓度保存一致,试验共进行28 d,试验期间室内平均温度和湿度分别为(26.7±1.52)℃和(77.4±4.50)%,热应激指数约为76。结果发现:日粮添加2%或4%动物脂肪的蛋鸡体重显著高于对照组和大豆油组(P<0.05),动物脂肪或大豆油组较对照组显著提高蛋鸡体增重(P<0.05),同时日粮中添加脂肪的蛋鸡采食量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,4%大豆油组蛋壳厚度显著降低(P<0.05),而日粮中添加4%大豆油较4%动物脂肪显著降低了蛋黄颜色(P<0.05)。结论:在能量和营养水平保持不变情况下,日粮中添加油脂(动物脂肪或大豆油)对在高温条件下饲养的蛋鸡有降低体重损失的作用。但日粮中添加脂肪会降低蛋壳厚度和蛋黄颜色。 相似文献
20.
Two experiments, each with 36 barrows with high-lean-gain potential, were conducted to evaluate apparent nutrient digestibilities and performance and plasma metabolites of pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets (CONTROL) and low-protein diets. The low-protein diets were supplemented with crystalline lysine, threonine, tryptophan, and methionine either on an ideal protein basis (IDEAL) or in a pattern similar to that of the control diet (AACON). Amino acids were added on a true ileally digestible basis. The initial and final BW were, respectively, 31.5 and 82.3 kg in Exp. 1 and 32.7 and 57.1 kg in Exp. 2. In Exp. 1, the CONTROL and IDEAL diets were offered on an ad libitum basis or by feeding 90 or 80% of ad libitum intake. Pigs were fed for 55 d. In Exp. 2, the CONTROL, IDEAL, and AACON diets were offered on an ad libitum basis or by feeding 80% of the ad libitum intake. Pigs were fed for 27 d. Pigs fed the CONTROL diet had greater (P < 0.05) ADG and feed efficiency (G/F) than pigs fed the IDEAL (Exp. 1 and 2) and AACON diets (Exp. 2). As the level of feed intake decreased, ADG decreased (P < 0.05), but G/F tended to improve (P < 0.10) for pigs fed 90% of ad libitum in Exp. 1 and for pigs fed 80% of ad libitum in Exp. 2. In Exp. 1, the apparent total tract digestibilities of DM and energy were greater (P < 0.01) for pigs fed the IDEAL diet than for pigs fed the CONTROL diet. In Exp. 2, the apparent total tract digestibility of protein was greatest in pigs fed the CONTROL diet (P < 0.05) and was greater (P < 0.05) in pigs fed the AACON diet than in pigs fed the IDEAL diet. Plasma urea concentrations were lower in pigs fed the IDEAL diet than in pigs fed the CONTROL diet, regardless of feeding level. For pigs fed the CONTROL diet, plasma urea concentrations were lower when feed intake was 80% of ad libitum (diet level, P < 0.01). In summary, pigs fed the IDEAL and the AACON diets gained less and had lower plasma urea concentrations than pigs fed the CONTROL diet. Based on these data, it seems that the growth potential of pigs fed the IDEAL and AACON diets may have been limited by a deficiency of lysine, threonine, and(or) tryptophan and that the amino acid pattern(s) used was not ideal for these pigs. 相似文献