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1.
《河北渔业》2020,(9)
为探究蒙脱石负载壳聚糖复合吸附剂对废水中酸性大红3R染料的去除效果,通过改变壳聚糖和蒙脱石的混合比、吸附剂的吸附时间、吸附剂用量、酸性大红3R染料溶液浓度和pH值等实验条件,从多环境因子角度研究蒙脱石负载壳聚糖对于酸性大红3R染料的吸附除去效果。实验结果表明:在壳聚糖/蒙脱石比为0.08 g/g,搅拌时间为45 min,加入壳聚糖/蒙脱石质量为1.33 g/L,溶液pH值为5～6时,复合吸附剂对酸性大红3R染料的吸附效果最好,吸附率可达99.6%以上。用二级动力学方程来描述蒙脱石负载壳聚糖对酸性大红3R的吸附比较适宜,室温条件下复合吸附剂对酸性大红3R的吸附热力学符合Langmuir和Freundlich方程。 相似文献
2.
藻类作为一种生物吸附剂用于去除水溶液中单种重金属离子,具有较好的效果,但对共存的多种金属离子去除则相对复杂。本实验利用碱预处理后的羊栖菜藻粉作为海藻吸附剂,研究了不同环境条件对其去除电镀废水中重金属离子[Zn（Ⅱ）、Cu（Ⅱ）、Cr（VI）和Ni（Ⅱ）]的影响,并通过电镜观察和红外光谱分析其对重金属离子的吸附机理。结果发现,pH 2时Cr（VI）去除率最高,在pH 6~9时,Cu（Ⅱ）、Zn（Ⅱ）和Ni（Ⅱ）的去除率较高。海藻吸附剂在低剂量（2~4 g/L）投加时,4种重金属的去除率均有不同程度的增加,大于4 g/L时,去除率不再增加。Zn（Ⅱ）和Ni（Ⅱ）的吸附在25 min左右达到平衡,Cr（VI）和Cu（Ⅱ）稍慢;温度对海藻吸附剂去除Cu（Ⅱ）、Zn（Ⅱ）、Cr（VI）和Ni（Ⅱ）的影响并不明显。Langmuir模型能更好地描述海藻吸附剂对4种重金属离子的吸附行为,表明它们属于单分子层吸附,海藻吸附剂对Cr（VI）和Ni（Ⅱ）的最大吸附容量明显高于Cu（Ⅱ）和Zn（Ⅱ）。准二级吸附动力学方程能更好地描述吸附过程,说明吸附方式以化学吸附为主。吸附前后海藻吸附剂的红外光谱分析表明,对重金属的生物吸附主要与羧基有关。研究表明,海藻吸附剂对电镀废水中Cu（Ⅱ）、Zn（Ⅱ）、Cr（VI）和Ni（Ⅱ）都具有一定的去除效果。 相似文献
3.
改性壳聚糖对染料废水的脱色研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以壳聚糖(chitosan)为原料,与卤代烷反应进行烷基化改性,用改性后的壳聚糖对酸性铬蓝K、曙红Y和亚甲基蓝的染料废水进行处理,研究了pH、投加量、时间和温度对脱色效果的影响.结果表明,在酸性较强的情况下,添加吸附剂的量有所减少,并且酸性越强,减少量越多;在一定范围内,脱色率随温度的升高而增大;随着吸附剂添加量的增加,脱色率有所提高;对3种不同染料的脱色效果为:酸性铬蓝K＞曙红Y＞亚甲基蓝;吸附过程能较好地遵循二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温方程. 相似文献
4.
氧化石墨烯（Graphene Oxide,GO）拥有较大的比表面积和较高的稳定性，可用来吸附水体中的多种污染物，其潜在功能稳定性具有规模化应用前景。考虑到GO在高级氧化体系中结构和形貌会发生改变，探究了经UV/H2O2和UV/过硫酸盐(Persulfate, PS)产生强氧化性自由基的体系处理后所得GOs对亚甲基蓝(Methylene Blue, MB)的吸附性能。氧化性自由基体系光源为300 W中压汞灯，30 mL GO储备液(1 mg/mL)在2种氧化体系下反应1、2、4 h后制得GOs。实验考察了不同反应条件对GOs吸附动力学的影响，傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)研究了GOs氧化前后表面官能团的变化。结果显示，经UV/H2O2, UV/PS氧化1 h后，GOs表面的含氧官能团数量开始明显减少；吸附动力学过程更符合准二级动力学模型（R2>0.999）；吸附热力学过程更符合Langmuir模型，MB饱和吸附量(经UV/H2O2和UV/PS氧化1、2、4 h后分别记G1-1, G1-2, G1-3, G2-1, G2-2, G2-3)依次为580.26, 591.80, 598.63, 521.77, 554.91, 568.00 mg/g。研究表明，GO可以快速吸附较大浓度范围内的MB，且对低浓度染料表现出更好的去除效果；GO对MB的吸附量随着pH值的增加逐渐增大，且在碱性条件下的增加得更明显；经氧化处理后，GOs的吸附性能随着氧化时间的增长，性能减弱，尤其在UV/PS体系中更为显著。 相似文献
5.
为研究牡蛎壳粉对水体中常见重金属离子的吸附性能,实验中分别探讨了牡蛎壳粉在不同添加量、重金属离子浓度、吸附温度、酸碱环境、吸附时间下对水体中Cu2+、Zn2、pb2、Cd2+、Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附情况;并进行牡蛎壳粉吸附动力学、热力学实验研究和SEM图谱分析.结果显示,牡蛎壳粉的最适宜吸附条件为常温下,添加量1 g/L,溶液初始pH值为5.5,吸附时间为24h,此时其对水体中浓度分别为1mg/L的Cu2+、Zn2+、pb2、Cd2+、Cr(Ⅵ)等5种重金属离子的去除率分别为84.96％、76.77％、78.57％、51.99％和41.39％,且随着溶液初始浓度的上升,牡蛎壳粉对5种重金属离子的吸附量呈上升趋势,饱和吸附量分别为9.43、9.65、9.03、4.67、1.83 mg/g;牡蛎壳粉对5种重金属离子的吸附符合准二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温模型;SEM图谱表明吸附Cu2、Zn2、pb2的牡蛎壳粉表面均有二次固体生成,吸附Cd2、Cr(Ⅵ)的牡蛎壳粉表面无明显现象. 相似文献
6.
本文从热力学和动力学角度研究了活性炭对水溶液中呋喃唑酮的吸附行为。热力学研究测定300.0、308.0、318.0、328.0K四个温度下达到吸附稳态时活性炭吸附水溶液中呋喃唑酮的量。结果表明,活性炭对呋喃唑酮的吸附符合Freundlich等温吸附方程,ΔH=-28.10kJ.mol-1,且40kJ.mol-1,说明该吸附是一个物理吸附且过程中放热。同时测得吉布斯自由能ΔG0,表明吸附质从溶液到吸附剂表面的吸附过程是自发过程。动力学研究测定了在298.0、303.0、308.0、313.0K四个温度下活性炭吸附呋喃唑酮动态过程的吸附量,结果表明,该吸附过程比较符合伪二级动力学描述,其表观活化能Ea为5.86kJ.mol-1,所需活化能较小进一步证明试验温度下吸附以物理过程为主。 相似文献
7.
采用颗粒状蟹壳对废水中镉和铅进行吸附去除实验,研究蟹壳不同预处理方法、吸附剂投加量、初始金属浓度、溶液初始pH值、动力学因素、不同温度条件下对蟹壳生物吸附剂吸附Cd^2＋和Pb^2＋的影响。结果表明,在40c时,Cd^2＋溶液初始浓度200mg／L,蟹壳生物吸附剂量4g／L,溶液初始pH为6时对Cd^2＋的吸附量最大,去除率达到89．25％;Pb^2＋溶液初始浓度1000mg／L,蟹壳生物吸附剂量2．4g／L,溶液初始pH为5时对Pb^2＋的吸附量最大,去除率达到98．7％。蟹壳对Pb^2＋和Cd^2＋的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温模型。获得的动力学数据表明,吸附速度快,Cd^2＋大部分的吸附进程在2小时内完成,Ph^2＋大部分的吸附进程在3／b时内完成,随后是缓慢地实现平衡,较高的相关系数符合HoYS二级吸附动力学模型。 相似文献
8.
江蓠提取琼胶后的藻渣如直接废弃将污染环境。江蓠藻渣中富含纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,利用废弃的藻渣提取膳食纤维进行高值化利用,不但可以解决环境污染问题,还可以变废为宝。本文研究了江蓠藻渣及其膳食纤维对Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附作用,探讨了pH值、温度、吸附时间、金属离子初始浓度等因素对其吸附性能的影响。研究表明:藻渣粉末和经过酶法活化的膳食纤维在pH=7时对Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附能力最强,吸附容量随着Pb2+、Cd2+初始金属离子浓度的增大而增大。藻渣粉末和经过酶法活化的膳食纤维对Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附动力学和热力学分别符合Lagergren方程二级吸附模型和Langmu ir吸附方程;单一金属溶液中藻渣粉末和经过酶法活化的膳食纤维对Pb2+的吸附量大于Cd2+,当金属离子浓度为500 mg/L时,藻渣对Pb2+和Cd2+吸附量分别为:19.12 mg/g和12.25 mg/g;膳食纤维对Pb2+和Cd2+吸附量分别为:21.93 mg/g和12.63 mg/g。 相似文献
9.
壳聚糖对Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附作用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为开发新型吸附剂,降低重金属对水体的污染,研究了壳聚糖对Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附条件,探讨了pH、温度、反应时间、壳聚糖添加量和金属离子初始浓度等因素对壳聚糖吸附性能的影响。结果表明,pH 7~8和pH 5~6条件下壳聚糖对Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附能力最强;低温有利于壳聚糖的吸附;在8 h时壳聚糖对Cd2+的吸附容量达到最大,而对Pb2+的吸附在实验时间内是随着吸附时间的延长而增大;随着壳聚糖添加量的增加,其对Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附能力也增强;初始金属离子浓度的变化对Cd2+的影响不大,而在高的金属浓度下对Pb2+的吸附率显著降低。壳聚糖对Cd2+、Pb2+的吸附动力学和热力学分别符合Lagergren方程二级吸附模型和Langmuir吸附方程。研究表明,壳聚糖对不同金属离子的吸附能力不同,在单一金属溶液中,壳聚糖对Cd2+的吸附能力要强于对Pb2+的吸附能力。系统地研究了壳聚糖对Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附条件及性能,为壳聚糖作为重金属吸附剂的应用提供理论依据。 相似文献
10.
高分子吸附剂除去海水中重金属离子的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用高分子吸附剂从盐度30,pH8.30左右的海水中动态和半静态吸附除去铜、锌、铅、镉离子。动态吸附结果表明,对海水中重金属离子的吸附容量为Cu~(2+)>Pb~(2+)>Zn~(2+)>Cd~(2+),吸附选择性为Cu~(2+)>Zn~(2+)>Pb~(2+)>Cd~(2+)。半静态吸附17h,对12.1μg/L Cu~(2+)除去率为89.3％;对22.5μg/L Zn~(2+)为82.7％;对104.8μg/L Pb~(2+)为59.4％;200.8μg/L Cd~(2+)为59.0％。为消除重金属离子对海洋生物幼体的毒性,提供了一种极其有效的方法。 相似文献
11.
环境光色对工业化养殖豹纹鳃棘鲈幼鱼生长、肤色及生理指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究环境光色对工业化养殖豹纹鳃棘鲈(Plectropomus leopardus)幼鱼生长、肤色和生理指标的影响,本试验设计了红色光、蓝色光、黑暗和昼夜4种养殖光照环境处理,进行豹纹鳃棘鲈幼鱼(64.2g±1.1g)94 d动物实验及其相关指标检测。结果表明:1)试验鱼增重率,昼夜组较黑暗组和红光组分别显著和极显著提高28.6%和39.2%(P0.05,P0.01),与蓝光组差异不显著;而蓝光组比红光组显著提高31.2%(P0.05)。2)试验鱼皮肤胡萝卜素含量,昼夜组分别显著高于蓝光组和黑暗组45.7%和68.5%(P0.05),与红光组的差异不显著。同时新发现,各处理组试验鱼皮肤胡萝卜素和黑色素含量出现增减同时进行,但增减量前者较大后者较小的"同步异幅"现象。3)昼夜组试验鱼胃蛋白酶活性较其他组显著提高48.0%~88.5%(P0.05),血清SOD和LZM活力极显著提高20.4%~39.7%和140.4%~161.2%(P0.01);蓝光组试验鱼胰蛋白酶活力显著高于红光组和昼夜组(P0.05);红光组试验鱼Na~+,K~+-ATP酶活力极显著高于蓝光组和黑暗组(P0.01)。总之,豹纹鳃棘鲈幼鱼在昼夜组光照下,生长、肤色及生理等指标都表现出显著优势;蓝色光提高蛋白质消化能力、促进生长;红色光提高皮肤胡萝卜素含量和吸收能力;"同步异幅"新发现,对调控和优化鱼类肤色具有重要价值。 相似文献
12.
《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(2):29-41
Abstract The concentration of geosmin (1,10-trans-dimethyl-trans-9-decaol) in fresh tilapia were analyzed by applying high-vacuum distillation, extraction and gas chromatography techniques. The distribution of geosmin in the fish was determined by examining tissues from various parts of tilapia, along with the rates of geosmin absorption and purging. Analysis showed that when geosmin was added to fish flesh at concentrations ranging from 2.8 to 390 μg per kg of flesh, the rate of recovery was 51 to 89%. Sensory evaluation detected muddy flavor in freshwater tilapia with geosmin content ranging from 7.55 to 9.85 μg/kg of fish flesh. However, panelists failed to detect muddy flavor in brackish water tilapia that contained geosmin only in the range of 1.5 to 2.6 μg/kg. Among various tissues of the fish, the intestines contained the highest geosmin concentration, and appeared in descending order in the abdominal, skin and muscle tissues. After holding for 2 h in water with 5 and 50 μg/l geosmin, tilapia absorbed 17.6 and 42.2 μg/kg geosmin in the flesh, respectively. Holding the fish over longer periods in water with higher geosmin content resulted in a greater amount of absorption. In contrast, transferring muddy-flavored fish to static clean water purged geosmin from the fish but it required at least 16 days to eliminate the muddy flavor. 相似文献
13.
根据渔船节能减排的需求,设计了一种新型的渔船氨水吸收式制冷系统,利用渔船余热实现渔船的制冰、蓄冷和工作区域供冷,解决了渔船上鱼类的保鲜和冷藏,改善船上工作环境。建立了渔船氨水吸收式制冷的热力学模型和性能评价指标,在此基础上采用序贯模块法迭代求解,实现了渔船氨水吸收式制冷系统的仿真,同时进一步研究了不同操作条件下制冷系统的运行特性,最终获得了烟气温度、流量和三通阀开度等参数变化时各用户端功率的变化规律。该系统模型可指导渔船制冷系统的功率分配,为优化渔船制冷系统的运行参数、实现低碳渔船提供理论基础。 相似文献
14.
Mohamed Soula Ana Navarro Silvia Hildebrandt María J. Zamorano Javier Roo Carmen M. Hernández-Cruz Juan M. Afonso 《Aquaculture International》2012,20(3):571-583
The effect of two physical tagging systems, Visible Implant Elastomer (VIE) and Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT), was evaluated in red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) fingerlings, at different sizes. For VIE tagging, the weight classes were <1 and 1?C5?g and no tag effect was detected on fish growth. There was a significant difference in mortality between tagged and untagged <1?g fish, but not for the 1?C5?g fish. The tag loss rate was null for all sizes, however, tags showed fragmentation. This partial tag loss was evaluated and quantified. Seven VIE colours were compared and arranged from best to worst visibility: green, red, pink, orange, yellow, white and blue. For PIT tagging, 2?C6?g, 5?C10?g and 10?C20?g weight classes were analysed. There was no significant tag effect on fish growth, for any size, nor on mortality from 10?g. Tag loss rate ranged from 2.9 to 5.9%. These results demonstrate that, in red porgy, VIE is a successful tagging system from 2?g onwards whereas PIT system is successful from 10?g onwards. The combination of both systems allows traceability of fish from a very small size on, which is necessary for the implementation of genetic breeding programmes. 相似文献
15.
《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(1-2):69-87
ABSTRACT A feeding experiment was conducted for 100 days to evaluate the suitability of soybean flour (SBF) as a partial or complete substitute for the protein supplied by herring fish meal (HFM) in diets for growth of red tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus ×O. mossambicus, fingerlings (mean weight of 0.65 g/fish) grown outdoors in concrete tanks. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing 35% crude protein and 3.36 kcal of digestible energy (DE)/g of diet were formulated in which SBF replaced 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the protein supplied by HFM. Results demonstrated that SBF has good potential as a substitute protein source for up to 75% of the protein supplied by HFM (diet 4) in red tilapia diets with no significant (P>0.05) adverse effects on growth, feed efficiency, body composition, and apparent digestibility of protein compared to the HFM-based control diet. The highest growth performance and best economic efficiency of fish weight gain were obtained with fish fed diet contained 50% of the protein from HFM and the other 50% from SBF. Fish fed this diet had the highest weight gain (11.95 g/fish), percent increase in weight (1838%) and growth rate (0.120 g/day) among fish fed all the other test diets. The lowest feed efficiency and growth performances were shown in the fish fed diet containing SBF as a complete substitute for protein supplied by HFM. Fish fed this diet had the lowest weight gain (4.70 g/fish), percent increase in weight (723%) and growth rate (0.047 g/day) among fish fed all the other test diets. Survival of fish was not statistically different (P>0.05) among all treatments. The apparent protein digestibility values showed wide variation between diets, ranging from 70.13% to 82.12% and the values were remarkably high in fish fed SBF-based diets. At the conclusion of the study, substituting HFM-protein with SBF-protein in diets for red tilapia did not affect the final fish protein, ash and moisture contents, but lipid content was significantly higher (P <0.05) in fish fed diets in which SBF substituted for 50% or more of the protein supplied by HFM. Hematological characteristics of red tilapia were examined at the end of the study and the results showed that all the blood parameter values were within normal values for fish. Economic analysis of diets suggested the possibility of using SBF as an alternative source of protein in red tilapia diets. 相似文献
16.
为探讨鲁氏耶尔森菌侵染虹鳟的致病机制,本实验建立了鲁氏耶尔森菌感染虹鳟引起的肠炎红嘴病的病理模型,制定相应的临床症状及组织病理学评分系统,并对该模型进行研究。将43尾平均体质量约为12 g的健康虹鳟随机分成5组:3个实验组(n=30)、对照组(n=10)和哨兵组(n=3)。3个实验组分别采用2.0×106、2.0×107和2.0×108 CFU/m L的鲁氏耶尔森菌感染浓度,通过腹腔注射方式进行人工感染试验。对感染鲁氏耶尔森菌的虹鳟肠、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏组织进行镜检及临床症状、剖检病变判断,结合细菌学检测,按制定的评分系统评价各组肠炎红嘴病造模效果,确定最佳造模方案。结果显示,各攻毒组虹鳟感染后72 h均出现不同程度死亡,临床症状表现为红嘴、肛门红肿、鳍(胸鳍、腹鳍、臀鳍)等出现不同程度充血,下颌部、腹部出现出血点等。组织病理学可见肝脏、脾脏、肾脏及肠组织均有炎性细胞浸润现象出现,肝细胞、肠上皮细胞和肾小管上皮细胞等实质细胞变性、坏死,脾脏部位淋巴细胞减少、红细胞死亡堆积。综合各组得分发现,2.0×107 CFU/m L组的鲁氏耶尔森菌感染虹鳟造模效果最佳,患病虹鳟的临床症状显著且组内差异较小,病程迁延较长,便于研究。研究表明,对体质量约12 g的虹鳟幼鱼腹腔注射0.1 m L浓度为2.0×107 CFU/m L的鲁氏耶尔森菌可成功构建肠炎红嘴病病理模型。 相似文献
17.
The aim of the present study was to compare the apparent absorption efficiency of individual indispensable and dispensable amino acids in diets containing varying proportions of bacterial single cell protein (BSCP) and fishmeal when fed to rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Four diets were formulated to contain a total of 45.8% crude protein, of which 0% was from BSCP in diet 1 (BSCP-0), 25% in diet 2 (BSCP-25), 62.5% in diet 3 (BSCP-62.5) and 100% in diet 4 (BSCP-100); the remainder of the protein was from fishmeal. The four diets were isonitrogenous and had similar amino acid compositions. Duplicate groups of 25 fish were fed one of the four experimental diets at the rate of 20 g kg?1 body weight per day for 132 days. Apparent absorption efficiency was measured over a 45-day period during the growth trial. Results from two methods of faeces collection and two indicators of absorption efficiency were compared. The amino acid absorption efficiency of BSCP-100 was significantly lower (P < 0.05) when compared to the other three diets and absorption of some of indispensable amino acids was below the requirement level. The variation seen in individual amino acids absorption efficiencies between diets suggests that this parameter may be important in fish nutritional investigations. 相似文献
18.
A 60‐day trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary protein on growth, whole‐body composition, hepatopancreas enzymes, digestion and absorption in the juveniles of Schizopygopsis younghusbandi. Six graded levels of dietary protein (200.0, 248.7, 303.5, 351.2, 395.8 and 449.3 g/kg diet) were formulated and assigned to triplicate groups of 60 fish (8.16 ± 0.02) for each aquarium. Results showed a significantly increased specific growth rate (SGR) in fish fed protein containing 351.2 g/kg diet (p < .05). Besides, intestinal ratio (IR), intestinal somatic index (ISI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) were decreased and the condition factor (CF) was increased with dietary protein up to 351.2 g/kg diet, then altered reversely. Fish fed the optimal dietary protein showed the highest crude protein calcium, phosphorous and lowest crude lipid contents of the whole body in fish. Additionally, plasma ammonia content (PAC), and activities of GOT and GPT were enhanced by dietary protein levels (p < .05). The digestive enzymes of hepatopancreas were generally increased with the quadratic response to dietary protein levels. Optimal dietary protein level increased the intestinal enzyme activities of Na+, K+‐ATPase (NKA), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase (γ‐GT) and creatine kinase (CK). Based on the 2‐slope broken‐line model analysis of PWG, dietary protein requirement was determined to be 349.6 g/kg diet. 相似文献
19.
为探讨发酵南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)粉替代鱼粉对锦鲤(Cyprinus carpio L.)生长、体色和血清生化指标的影响,以初始体质量为(4.92±0.22) g的锦鲤450尾为实验对象,随机分为5组,每组设置3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,对照组添加未发酵的脱脂南极磷虾粉,实验组添加由粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)、丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butyricum)和复合菌(1∶1∶1)发酵的脱脂南极磷虾粉,分别命名为ES (对照组)、EF、LP、CB和MIX,南极磷虾粉的添加量均为200 g/kg,共投喂70 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,发酵南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉显著提高了锦鲤的终末体质量、特定生长率和增重率(P<0.05),MIX组的终末体质量、特定生长率和增重率显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。实验组皮肤和鳞片中类胡萝卜素含量显著增加(P<0.05),红色(a*)值、黄色(b*)值以及tyr在皮肤和鳞片中相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05),MIX组的a*值、b*值和基因相对表达量显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。实验组血清甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)含量均显著提高(P<0.05),谷草转氨酶/谷丙转氨酶(AST/ALT)比值和丙二醛(MDA)含量显著下降(P<0.05)。对照组锦鲤肝细胞出现脂滴和空泡化现象。研究表明,在脱脂磷虾粉添加水平为20%的锦鲤饲料中,使用复合菌对磷虾粉进行发酵能有效提高磷虾粉的吸收和转化利用率。 相似文献