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基于宏基因组学方法分析施肥模式对设施菜田土壤微生物群落的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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土壤微生物种群类型,对土壤质量和作物生长具有重要影响,研究寡糖对土壤微生物种群的影响特征,有助于正确、高效及安全使用寡糖。本研究利用人工气候室进行土壤培养,土壤施加50mg·L−1的壳寡糖(CSOS)和纤维寡糖(COS)溶液,以清水(CK)为对照处理,培养6d后取样,利用高通量测序技术,分析土壤微生物群落结构组成及多样性分布特征。结果表明:壳寡糖(CSOS)和纤维寡糖(COS)处理均显著改变细菌、真菌的群落结构,提高细菌的物种观测数。变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)为优势细菌门,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)为优势真菌门。通过组间群落组成比较分析可知,壳寡糖(CSOS)和纤维寡糖(COS)处理均不同程度降低酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)的相对丰度,增加变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)、壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)以及有益菌属溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)、硝化螺旋菌属(Nitrospira)、Haliangium、芽球菌属(Blastococcus)和链霉菌属(Streptomyces)的相对丰度,但与纤维寡糖(COS)相比,壳寡糖(CSOS)处理微生物群落组成的变化幅度更大。此外,壳寡糖(CSOS)和纤维寡糖(COS)处理在调节土壤微生物群落结构上存在一定差异。其中,壳寡糖(CSOS)处理有益菌属Talaromyces的相对丰度增加195%,纤维寡糖(COS)处理有益菌属假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)的相对丰度增加215%。综上,壳寡糖和纤维寡糖处理均能优化土壤微生物群落的结构组成,其调控差异性有助于理解不同寡糖的调控机制,推动寡糖的应用与推广。 相似文献
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三种城市景观竹土壤微生物群落结构特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探究城市景观竹林对土壤微生物群落的影响,选取上海辰山植物园种植的3种景观竹,利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序结合土壤理化指标分析研究了不同景观竹林对土壤理化性质和微生物群落结构特征的影响。结果表明:不同竹林土壤全磷、有效磷、有机质、全氮、全钾含量和电导率存在显著差异(P<0.05);土壤细菌丰富度和多样性指数在毛竹林土壤中最高,在淡竹林土壤中最低;土壤细菌优势门为放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi),真菌优势门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota),其中放线菌门和绿弯菌门在淡竹林土壤中的相对丰度最高,且显著高于其他竹林,而变形菌门、粘球菌门(Myxococcota)的相对丰度在毛竹林土壤中最高,土壤真菌优势门在不同竹林间的差异不显著。此外,土壤细菌群落结构和丰度受土壤p H、硝态氮、电导率、全磷、铵态氮、含水率、速效钾和微生物生物量碳影响显著,而真菌群落变化受全磷、电导率和全钾影响显著。 相似文献
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为探究稻虾种养新模式对稻田土壤肥力和微生物群落组成的影响,基于稻田土壤理化指标测定和16S rDNA扩增子高通量测序技术,比较稻虾种养新模式(NRS)、稻虾种养传统模式(TRS)和水稻单作模式(CK)对稻田土壤理化指标和微生物多样性和群落结构的影响。结果显示:与CK和TRS相比,稻虾种养新模式能显著提高土壤pH、有机质、有效磷、速效钾含量和土壤微生物多样性和丰富度。与CK相比,NRS稻田土壤细菌优势菌门中的酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门和疣微菌门相对丰度分别增加30.89%、36.38%和2.16%,变形菌门和脱硫菌门相对丰度分别降低17.96%和58.59%。与TRS相比,NRS稻田土壤细菌优势菌门中的脱硫菌门相对丰度增加14.93%,绿弯菌门、疣微菌门、变形菌门和酸杆菌门相对丰度分别降低39.29%、37.42%、16.27%和6.81%。相关性分析表明,土壤有机质、速效氮、有效磷、速效钾和pH是影响稻田土壤微生物群落结构的主要理化因子。以上研究表明,稻虾种养新模式有利于提升稻田土壤肥力,显著提高了稻田土壤微生物多样性和改善微生物群落结构;研究结果对稻虾种养新模式的示范推广具有一定的指导意义和... 相似文献
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为了探究腐熟羊粪有机肥与无机肥配施对洛阳烟区植烟土壤微生物群落结构和土壤肥力特性的影响,采用盆栽控制试验和高通量测序技术,研究了不施肥(CK)、100%无机氮肥(T0)、50%羊粪有机肥氮+50%无机氮肥(T50)和100%羊粪有机肥氮(T100)4个处理下植烟土壤细菌和真菌群落结构及多样性的差异,并结合土壤理化性质分析了土壤肥力指标与土壤微生物多样性的关系。结果表明:植烟土壤细菌优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria),土壤真菌优势菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota);T50处理的变形菌门、酸杆菌门和子囊菌门相对丰度最高,但放线菌门和担子菌门相对丰度最低;NMDS分析和相似性分析发现,T50处理的土壤微生物群落结构与其他处理差异显著;Alpha多样性分析也表明,T50处理土壤细菌和真菌群落的丰富度和多样性最高。不同处理土壤理化性质和土壤关键酶活性差异显著,以T50处理土壤养分含量和土壤碳氮代谢酶的活性最高;Pearson相关性分析显示,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量及蛋白酶和脲酶活性与植烟土壤微生物多样的关系最为密切。总之,采用腐熟羊粪有机肥和无机肥配施通过影响植烟土壤细菌和真菌群落结构和多样性,促进了土壤养分的释放和转化,有利于土壤养分的供应和土壤质量的提升,研究结果为洛阳烟区应用羊粪有机肥改良土壤提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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添加生物炭改善菜地土壤氨氧化细菌群落并提高净硝化率 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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苹果园生草对土壤微生物多样性、酶活性及碳组分的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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《Applied soil ecology》2007,37(2-3):147-155
A number of studies have reported species specific selection of microbial communities in the rhizosphere by plants. It is hypothesised that plants influence microbial community structure in the rhizosphere through rhizodeposition. We examined to what extent the structure of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere of grasses is determined by the plant species and different soil types. Three grass species were planted in soil from one site, to identify plant-specific influences on rhizosphere microbial communities. To quantify the soil-specific effects on rhizosphere microbial community structure, we planted one grass species (Lolium perenne L.) into soils from three contrasting sites. Rhizosphere, non-rhizosphere (bulk) and control (non-planted) soil samples were collected at regular intervals, to examine the temporal changes in soil microbial communities. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected from both root bases and root tips, to investigate root associated spatial influences. Both fungal and bacterial communities were analysed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP). Both bacterial and fungal communities were influenced by the plant growth but there was no evidence for plant species selection of the soil microbial communities in the rhizosphere of the different grass species. For both fungal and bacterial communities, the major determinant of community structure in rhizospheres was soil type. This observation was confirmed by cloning and sequencing analysis of bacterial communities. In control soils, bacterial composition was dominated by Firmicutes and Actinobacteria but in the rhizosphere samples, the majority of bacteria belonged to Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria. Bacterial community compositions of rhizosphere soils from different plants were similar, indicating only a weak influence of plant species on rhizosphere microbial community structure. 相似文献
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黄河三角洲刺槐根际与非根际细菌结构及多样性 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为精确分析黄河三角洲刺槐根际与非根际土壤细菌群落定殖情况,本研究采用高通量测序方法对刺槐根际与非根际土壤细菌结构及多样性进行了研究。研究表明,根际土壤细菌共有36门214属,非根际土壤细菌共有33门153属。变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)细菌丰度超过15%,是根际与非根际土壤中的优势菌落。根际与非根际土壤中酸杆菌门、硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospirae)丰度差异显著。根际土壤中红游动菌属(Rhodoplanes)、溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)、热单胞菌属(Thermomonas)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)及非根际土壤中红游动菌属、溶杆菌属、链霉菌属、Kaistobacter细菌丰度超过4%。根际土壤中固氮菌丰度显著高于非根际土壤,解磷、解钾细菌丰度差异不显著。根际与非根际土壤细菌Chao丰富度分别为2 054、2 376,差异显著。根际与非根际土壤细菌之间的权重(Weighted Unifrac)距离在0.12~0.25之间。综上所述,黄河三角洲刺槐根际与非根际土壤细菌结构具有一定差异,多样性差异显著。 相似文献
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基于高通量测序研究草莓根际微生物群落结构和多样性 总被引:11,自引:3,他引:8
研究草莓根际土壤微生物群落组成和结构,对健康草莓土壤生态系统的构建和保持具有重要意义。以不同地区草莓根际土壤为研究样本,利用MiSeq平台Illumina第二代高通量测序技术并结合相关生物信息学分析土壤细菌16S rRNA基因V4+V5区域和真菌ITS1+ITS2区域的丰富度和多样性指数以及群落结构。结果表明:从15个草莓根际土壤样本中获得4554个细菌分类操作单元OTU和1298个真菌OTU,草莓根际土壤的优势细菌门为变形菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门和绿弯菌门,主要的优势细菌属有16种;优势真菌门为子囊菌门、接合菌门和担子菌门,主要的优势真菌属有8种。冗余分析(RDA)显示,全氮和pH对土壤微生物群落结构的影响最大,共解释了61%的群落变化,各因子的贡献率大小依次为土壤全氮pH有效磷全钾全磷有机质速效钾碱解氮;相关性分析也表明,土壤理化指标均与不同优势菌门存在密切的相关关系。本研究结果加深了对草莓根际微生物群落结构和多样性的认识,为深入研究草莓根际微生物多样性及功能与环境因子之间的关系提供了借鉴。 相似文献
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Yuanyuan YANG Yin ZHOU Zhou SHI Raphael A. VISCARRA ROSSEL Zongzheng LIANG Haizhen WANG Lianqing ZHOU Wu YU 《土壤圈》2020,30(6):817-831
The Tibetan Plateau of China is uniquely vulnerable to the global climate change and anthropogenic disturbances. As soil bacteria exert a considerable influence on the ecosystem function, understanding their response to different climates and land-use types is important. Here, we characterized the bacterial community composition and diversity across three major ecosystems (cropland, forest, and grassland) in the Sygera Mountains of Tibet, along a typical elevational gradient (3 300-4 600 m). The abundance of taxa that preferentially inhabit neutral or weak alkaline soil environments (such as Actinobacteria, Thermoleophilia, and some non-acidophilus Acidobacteria) was significantly greater in the cropland than in the forest and grassland. Furthermore, the diversity of soil bacterial communities was also significantly greater in the cropland than in the forest and grassland. We observed a unimodal distribution of bacterial species diversity along the elevation gradient. The dominant phyla Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria exhibited consistent elevational distribution patterns that mirrored the abundance of their most abundant classes, while different patterns were observed for Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria at the class level. Soil pH was the primary edaphic property that regulated bacterial community composition across the different land-use types. Additionally, soil pH was the main factor distinguishing bacterial communities in managed soils (i.e., cropland) from the communities in the natural environments (i.e., forest and grassland). In conclusion, land use (particularly anthropogenic disturbances such as cropping) largely controlled soil environment, played a major role in driving bacterial community composition and distribution, and also surpassed climate in affecting bacterial community distribution. 相似文献
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Joseph GUEVARA-LUNA Mario HERNNDEZ-GUZMN Nina MONTOYA-CIRIACO Luc DENDOOVEN Marina Olivia FRANCO-HERNNDEZ Paulina ESTRADA-DE LOS SANTOS Mara Soledad VSQUEZ-MURRIETA 《土壤圈》2023,33(2):312-320
In recent years, there has been a growing need to understand how salinity affects microbial communities in agricultural soils. Archaeal and bacterial community diversities and structures were investigated by high-throughput sequencing analysis of their 16S rRNA in two arable soils with low electrical conductivity(EC)(2.3 and 2.6 dS m-1) and a saline soil(EC = 17.6 dS m-1). The dominant bacterial phyla in the soils were Proteobacteria(relative abundance(RA) = 46.2%), followe... 相似文献