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1.
Zun-zheng Wei Xing Zhao Wei Pan Jin-feng Zhang Bai-lian Li De-qiang Zhang 《中国林学(英文版)》2011,13(2):97-103
We investigated phenotypic variation of Populus simonii from five provenances in northern China. Our results show that significant differences exist between plants of different provenances in morphological and physiological traits, except for leaf-stalk length and the number of leaf margins. The coefficient of variation for all traits ranges from 14.77% to 81.49%. The mean phenotypic coefficient of differentiation (V ST ) is 47.1%, which means that the variation within provenances is the major source for phenotypic variation in P. simonii. Given our cluster analysis of provenances based on an average linkage computing method, the five provenances of P. simonii investigated could be divided into three groups. Our results provide a theoretical basis for genetic resource conservation and provenance selection of natural P. simonii in northern China. 相似文献
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利用来自7省区36个木荷种源在浙江淳安和福建建瓯两试验点的苗期测定材料,研究其苗木生长、根系特征和叶片形态等12个性状的种源差异及其地理变异模式。方差分析结果显示,除主根长、侧根长和叶片颜色在种源间无显著差异外,其它性状的种源效应都达到显著或极显著水平。种源苗木性状与产地地理气候因子的相关分析发现,苗高、叶片特征(叶片数、叶片宽、叶片厚)及秋末嫩叶颜色等呈典型的纬向变异模式,产地温度则是造成这种纬向变异模式的主要环境作用因子。与北部种源比较,南部种源生长快,叶片数量多,但叶片较薄较窄,其秋末嫩叶颜色变化对寒冷信号反应敏感。影响木荷种子性状表型差异的主导因素是产地的年降水量。以苗高为标准,分别在两地点初选出优良种源10个,它们多来自25°N左右的木荷自然分布区。 相似文献
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【目的】分析构树不同种源叶表型性状遗传变异规律,为构树遗传多样性研究和优良种源的筛选等提供参考。【方法】以30个构树种源的叶为材料,通过测量叶面积、叶长、叶宽、叶周长等8个叶的表型性状,进行综合分析。【结果】1)构树不同种源间8个叶表型性状的差异均达到极显著水平,且性状间具有显著的相关性,叶面积与叶长、叶宽、叶周长、叶柄长和绒毛密度均呈极显著正相关。2)不同叶片性状间变异系数幅度为12.72%~64.50%,该结果初步表明不同种源间叶片性状的遗传变异幅度较大,叶面积、叶长、叶宽和叶周长的种源重复力均在55%以上,表明构树的叶性状差异在一定程度上是受遗传控制的。3)对不同种源建立叶面积拟合方程,除四川大邑外,其他种源的叶面积拟合方程的相关系数均在0.8以上,说明这些模拟方程的拟合效果较好,后续试验可通过叶长与叶宽预测叶面积,简化试验。4)对构树叶各性状与地理、气候因子进行相关分析,叶面积、叶长、叶宽、叶周长和绒毛密度与经度呈显著负相关,与纬度呈极显著负相关,说明种源间构树叶的地理变异是以纬度变异为主。5)根据叶片的8个性状可将30个构树种源聚为3类。【结论】构树不同种源间叶表型性状差异显著,可为构树遗传多样性研究和优良种源的筛选提供参考。 相似文献
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Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.) Yang is a rare and protected plant in China. This study was conducted to determine the phenotypic variation in this species and to document phenotypic variation within and among populations of P. bournei. Nested analysis of variance, coefficient of variation, multiple comparisons, principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were used to analyze ten phenotypic traits in ten natural populations of P. bournei from both the northeastern and the primary region of the range of this species. Significant differences among and within populations were observed in leaf and seed phenotypic traits. Variation among populations (34.92%) was greater than that within populations (26.19%). The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 53.77% among populations, indicating that variation among populations comprised the majority of the phenotypic variation of P. bournei. The coefficient of variance (CV) of ten traits varied from 6.44 to 18.45%, with an average of 12.03%. The CV of leaf traits among populations (15.64%) was higher than that of seed traits (8.60%), indicating that seed traits were more stable. The results from CV and PCA indicated that leaf area, leaf length and thousand seed weight were the main factors accounting for the observed phenotypic variations. Significant or highly significant correlations were observed among most leaf and/or in seed phenotypic traits, whereas no significant correlations were observed between phenotypic traits and geographic factors. Based on cluster analysis, the ten populations can be divided into three clusters. These clusters were not a result of geographic distances. 相似文献
6.
以大坑山林场乐昌含笑种源试验林7年生观测数据作遗传变异分析,表型变异分析结果表明树高、胸径、材积、树干通直度、叶片大小、树冠浓密度和冠幅等7个性状种源间都存在较大的差异;方差分析结果表明大部分性状种源间差异达极显著或显著水平;遗传参数估计结果表明生长性状的种源遗传力处于中等偏下水平,形质性状处于中等水平,材积的遗传变异系数最大;根据多重比较结果,以材积为选择目标,选出6个速生种源,增益介于11.1%～35.1%之间。粤西乐昌含笑优良种源主要集中在广东和江西交界的多个县市。 相似文献
7.
Phenotypic variation in Phoebe bournei populations preserved in the primary distribution area 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Phoebe bournei(Hemsl.) Yang is a rare and protected plant in China. This study was conducted to determine the phenotypic variation in this species and to document phenotypic variation within and among populations of P. bournei. Nested analysis of variance, coefficient of variation, multiple comparisons, principal component analysis(PCA) and correlation analysis were used to analyze ten phenotypic traits in ten natural populations of P.bournei from both the northeastern and the primary region of the range of this species. Significant differences among and within populations were observed in leaf and seed phenotypic traits. Variation among populations(34.92%)was greater than that within populations(26.19%). The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 53.77%among populations, indicating that variation among populations comprised the majority of the phenotypic variation of P. bournei. The coefficient of variance(CV) of ten traits varied from 6.44 to 18.45%, with an average of 12.03%.The CV of leaf traits among populations(15.64%) was higher than that of seed traits(8.60%), indicating that seed traits were more stable. The results from CV and PCA indicated that leaf area, leaf length and thousand seed weight were the main factors accounting for the observed phenotypic variations. Significant or highly significant correlations were observed among most leaf and/or in seed phenotypic traits, whereas no significant correlations were observed between phenotypic traits and geographic factors.Based on cluster analysis, the ten populations can be divided into three clusters. These clusters were not a result of geographic distances. 相似文献
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濒危植物格木天然种群的表型多样性及变异 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
【目的】通过对濒危植物格木在我国中心分布区种群的果荚和种子表型性状测量分析,研究其表型多样性及变异规律,结合地理气候信息探讨影响表型变异的关键因子,为格木天然种群的遗传多样性保护恢复和引种栽培提供科学依据。【方法】对8个格木天然种群114个单株的13个果荚及种子表型性状进行测量,利用巢式方差分析、多重比较、相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等分析方法,探讨格木天然种群的表型多样性水平、进化和适应性潜力、表型变异规律、表型分化水平、种群聚类特征及其与地理气候因子的相关性。【结果】格木表型多样性水平中等,13个性状的Shannon-Wiener指数在1. 911 1(种形指数)～2. 103 9(果荚周长)之间,平均2. 027 8;8个种群的Shannon-Wiener指数在0. 920 9(P6)～1. 885 6(P8)之间,均值为1. 474 7。格木表型性状离散程度较轻,13个性状的变异系数在7. 544 6%(种子长)～18. 868 5%(果荚面积)之间,均值为12. 410 9%; 8个种群的变异系数在8. 852 9%(P1)～13. 984 8%(P5)之间,均值为12. 410 9%。13个表型性状的极大值为极小值的1. 395 2(种形指数)～2. 805 6(每荚种子数)倍,均值为1. 791 7。巢式方差分析表明,格木13个表型性状在种群间和种群内均存在极显著差异(P<0. 01),说明这些性状在种群间和种群内均存在丰富的变异;种群内的变异(40. 387 1%)远大于种群间(11. 948 9%)。种群平均表型分化系数为21. 857 9%,各性状的分化系数变化幅度在7. 476 5%(种形指数)～38. 674 0%(果荚宽)之间。相关性分析表明,13个表型性状之间大多存在显著或极显著相关,果荚宽度、种子周长等性状和温度指标呈负相关,与纬度呈正相关,格木在气温高、降雨量大的地区往往具有小果荚、小种子的特征,随着温度指标降低和纬度增加,格木果荚及种子有变大的趋势。格木13个表型性状可提炼为4个主成分,累积贡献率为87. 382%。8个天然群体基于欧氏距离可分为3类:第1类2个种群呈现果荚小、种子小的特征,该类表型主要出现在格木分布区的南端;第2类5个种群呈现果荚大、种子大的特征,该类表型主要出现在格木分布区的北部,仅1个种群位于分布区的南部;第3类1个种群呈现果荚小、种子少、种子大而薄的特征,该类表型出现在格木南北分布区的中间衔接部。【结论】格木的表型多样性处于中等水平,在个体上存在较为丰富的变异。在群体及物种水平上,格木表型性状离散程度较轻,各个性状分布相对集中,较为稳定,不易发生群体分化,拥有特殊表型的格木单株具有较高的保存价值。果荚及种子大小进化及适应性潜力相对较大,种形指数最不易产生变异。种群内的变异是格木表型变异的主要来源,格木的种质资源收集保存可减少种群数量,增加种群内个体数量,并优先收集有特殊表型的单株。广西省容县和龙圩区的格木种群是格木遗传多样性保护及种质资源收集保存的重点区域。年均温等温度因子是影响格木表型及分布的最主要因子。果荚及其中种子的大小是格木种群间聚类的主要依据。 相似文献
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利用美洲黑杨50号为母本和青杨5个种源(各10个单株)为父本杂交,获得杂种F1代无性系,对此多水平杂交育种体系叶片和生长遗传变异进行了研究.结果表明,父本青杨种源间及种源内单株间均达到极显著差异,F1代无性系的种源间、种源内家系间和家系内无性系间存在不同差异.杂种F1代无性系扦插苗父本种源不同的杂交组合间和组合内家系间成活率差异不显著,1、2、3年生苗的生长性状在不同层次变异水平上差异显著或极显著,表明父本青杨种源间和种源内变异对F1代生长有显著影响,F1代无性系存在丰富的遗传变异,具有选择潜力.杂种F1代叶片形态与苗期生长性状间未发现有较大相关性. 相似文献
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利用美洲黑杨 5 0号为母本和青杨 5个种源 (各 10个单株 )为父本杂交 ,获得杂种F1代无性系 ,对此多水平杂交育种体系叶片和生长遗传变异进行了研究。结果表明 ,父本青杨种源间及种源内单株间均达到极显著差异 ,F1代无性系的种源间、种源内家系间和家系内无性系间存在不同差异。杂种F1代无性系扦插苗父本种源不同的杂交组合间和组合内家系间成活率差异不显著 ,1、2、3年生苗的生长性状在不同层次变异水平上差异显著或极显著 ,表明父本青杨种源间和种源内变异对F1代生长有显著影响 ,F1代无性系存在丰富的遗传变异 ,具有选择潜力。杂种F1代叶片形态与苗期生长性状间未发现有较大相关性 相似文献
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The extent of genetic variation in seed length, width, thickness, weight and germination percentage and seedling traits among
and within 12 African provenances of Faidherbia albida was examined. The regional provenances showed a consistent variation
in seed length, seed width and seed weight: the southern African provenances had the largest seeds and west African provenances
the smallest. Seedling height, stem collar diameter and true leaf number differed (P = 0.05) among the provenances 90 days
after germination. The seedlings from west Africa were shorter, had smaller stem collar diameter and fewer leaves. In contrast,
the southern and east African provenances had taller seedlings with bigger seedling diameter and more leaves per seedling.
Seedling traits did not show clear-cut divisions between southern and east African provenances, but the west African provenances
formed a distinct group. Positive correlations were found in some of the seed characteristics and seedling height among provenances,
which could be an important criterion for early provenance selection. Greater variation was observed for seed and seedling
traits among than within provenances suggesting that selection among provenances might result in rapid genetic gain for the
traits studied.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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对乐东拟单性木兰14个种源种子、苗期以及幼林期生长性状进行了调查分析.结果表明:种子千粒质量、苗高、地径、叶长和叶宽等5个性状在种源间差异极显著;造林保存率种源间差异显著,来自北部的种源,如浙江龙泉种源保存率较高,而来自南部的海南尖峰岭种源保存率较低;幼林期4年生树高、5年生树高和胸径、6年生树高和胸径等5个主要生长性状种源间差异均达到极显著水平,其生长性状广义遗传力为0.855～0.930,说明乐东拟单性木兰幼林期主要生长性状的表型差异主要受遗传因素的控制;乐东拟单性木兰苗高和地径与纬度负相关,表明随种源纬度的升高,乐东拟单性木兰种源苗期生长有减小趋势;乐东拟单性木兰幼林期树高和胸径与经度正相关,与纬度极显著正相关.根据乐东拟单性木兰种源幼林期试验结果,选择出浙江龙泉、福建顺昌和湖南新宁3个优良种源.通过聚类分析,把乐东拟单性木兰种源初步划分为3个区:西部种源区、东部种源区和南部种源区. 相似文献
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在西双版纳采集优良无性系RRIM600、GT1和IAN873开放授粉种子(花粉来源复杂),繁殖成3个家系用作砧木试验,对其实生苗木逐株编号,在嫁接前测量6个性状指标并进行变异分析。结果表明,在家系内株高、地径、每蓬叶数、大叶柄长、小叶长、小叶宽等6个性状变异系数为11.19%~27.17%;IAN873种子苗木平均株高为222.14 cm,平均地径为22.48 mm,显著大于RRIM600和GT1种子苗木的株高和地径(P<0.01);3个家系苗木株高和地径基本符合正态分布,株高和地径与叶子4个性状相关密切。橡胶树的这3个家系间和家系内单株间都存在丰富的遗传变异。 相似文献
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Early-growth differentiation among seven provenances of Prosopis flexuosa (algarrobo dulce) from the Monte phytogeographic province, Argentina, was studied by comparing their height growth; whole-seedling dry mass gain; allocation to root, stem and leaves; leaf number and leaf area in a common garden. Differentiation among provenances was detected for all the seedling characters examined except leaf number. Family variation within provenances was significant for height growth and leaf number. Variation on the provenance level was related to the elevation, geographic location, and some abiotic conditions of the seed source such as mean annual temperature and frost free period. Latitudinal clines were evident for almost all the growth traits. They were more pronounced for height and aboveground mass, and moderate for total plant mass and leaf area per plant. In addition, a good correspondence in growth traits between young seedlings and older trees of this species (studied by others authors) was also assessed. This fact would permit an early selection and genetic advances in the short term in breeding programs. 相似文献
15.
Catherine Ky-Dembele Mulualem Tigabu Jules Bayala Per Christer Odén 《Agroforestry Systems》2014,88(2):311-320
Within- and between-provenance variations in seed and seedling traits of Khaya senegalensis A. Juss were studied at INERA in Burkina Faso. Nursery grown seedlings from four provenances in Burkina Faso were used for the study. The studies revealed significant variability in all traits evaluated. Seed length and weight significantly varied among provenances and families within provenances, where Bopiel and Koyenga had the highest mean values. Height and root collar diameter of 1 year old seedlings significantly varied among families within provenances. Except leaf biomass ratio and carbon isotope ratio which varied significantly among provenances but not among families within provenances, all other seedling biomass traits—total plant biomass, stem biomass ratio, leaf biomass ratio, root biomass ratio, root shoot ratio, specific leaf area, and leaf area ratio were significantly affected by provenances and families within provenances. The magnitude of variation due to family effect ranged from 65 to 93 % for seed size traits, and from 4.5 to 17.8 % for seedling characters. Estimates of family heritability were moderate to high (0.67–0.95) for seed traits, but low to moderate (0.19–0.59) for seedling characters, indicating that much of the total variation in seed traits is due to the genetic effect. The two most prominent provenances, Koyenga and Bopiel, with higher seed size and greater seedling growth could be considered for an eventual K. senegalensis improvement program in Burkina Faso. 相似文献
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对短萼仪花群落中5个优良单株的荚果长、荚果宽、荚果长宽比、种子长、种子宽、种子长宽比及种子单粒质量等性状进行测定分析,发现单株间种子表型性状差异均达到极显著水平;变异最大的为种子单粒质量,其变异系数为20.41%;种子表型性状间具有一定的相关性。 相似文献
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粉单竹的地理变异研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对8个产地粉单竹在广东茂名试验点所造试验林的主要生长性状进行调查研究,结果表明:粉单竹表型性状变异丰富,13个生长性状在产地间差异显著或极显著,其中单丛发笋量在产地间及产地内均存在显著差异;地理变异模式呈现纬度渐变趋势但未达到显著水平,多数性状与热量因子相关紧密,相关系数达到极显著、显著或0.1显著水平,仅叶厚、枝下高与湿度因子呈现显著或0.1水平相关;所调查的生长性状均受中等以上的遗传控制;聚类分析在距离阈值1.8附近可将所有产地分为3个类群;采用综合评定法,对所涉及的8个产地进行初步选择,认为广东增城、怀集为粤西南地区粉单竹造林的最佳产地来源. 相似文献
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在2005年底,对福建建瓯、浙江淳安和庆元的3年生37个产地的木荷种源试验林进行了全面调查,系统研究了幼林生长和分枝性状的种源差异、种源与环境互作及地理变异模式.结果表明:木荷树高、当年抽梢长度、地径、冠幅及侧枝总数、侧枝长和侧枝粗等分枝性状都存在显著的种源效应,木荷地理种源分化明显.造林区立地生境和造林地立地条件对木荷种源生长影响显著,如福建建瓯点3年生种源平均树高较北缘区浙江淳安点和高海拔山地浙江庆元点分别提高了24.1%和18.0%.木荷树高、当年抽梢长度、冠幅、侧枝总数等存在显著的种源×地点和种源×重复/地点互作,不同种源在各区试点上的生长相对表现差异显著.相关分析表明,木荷生长和分枝性状的地理变异模式因区试点环境条件差异而迥异.在中心分布区的福建建瓯点,种源生长和分枝性状与产地纬度相关性显著,呈典型的纬向地理变异模式,速生种源主要来源于分布区的中南部;在北缘区的浙江淳安点,种源高径生长与产地经纬度相关性较小,仅发现侧枝总数和树冠浓密度与产地纬度呈一定程度的负相关,速生种源主要来源于分布区的中部;而在较高海拔区的浙江庆元点,由于环境相对恶劣,木荷种源生长和分枝性状与产地纬度呈显著的正相关,偏北部种源的早期生长表现较好.基于种源幼林测定结果,分别从中心分布区和北缘区初选了一批速生用材和生物防火优良种源. 相似文献
20.
[目的]通过对濒危植物水青树叶表型性状的测量分析,研究其表型变异程度和变异规律,并从遗传和环境适应角度探讨其致濒机制,为其天然种群的有效保护及管理提供科学依据。[方法]对来自14个水青树天然种群的90个个体的17个叶形态及其表皮微形态性状进行测量,利用巢式方差分析、多重比较、主成分分析、聚类分析、相关分析等多种分析方法,探讨种群间和种群内的叶表型变异及其与地理、环境因子的相关性。[结果](1)水青树17个叶表型性状在种群内和种群间均存在显著差异;(2)17个性状的平均表型分化系数为46.69%,种群内的变异(31.83%)大于种群间的变异(28.85%),种群内变异是水青树叶表型变异的主要来源;(3)各性状平均变异系数(CV)为12.56%,变异幅度为4.17%26.25%;(4)水青树叶表型变异与年均日照时数、7月均温及年均降雨量等环境因子有关,变异呈现出随经度、纬度、海拔的梯度渐变规律;(5)利用主成分分析结果进一步聚类,可将14个水青树天然种群分为3大类。[结论]水青树天然种群间叶表型分化处于中等水平,种群内变异程度较低,其对环境的适应范围缩减,适应能力较差,这可能是导致水青树濒危的重要原因。据此,提出了相应的保护措施以便对其进行有效保护。 相似文献