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1.
G. H. Wentink S. van Dijk S. A. Goedegebuure J. Vos Th. Wensing 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(4):159-160
Summary A syndrome very similar to hepatic lipidosis is described in dairy cows during the dry period. After being sent to pasture the animals did not eat well for undetermined reasons. The disease phenomena were mainly observed in animals carrying twins. At post mortem examination severe falty infiltration was found in the 3 animals made available for post mortem examination. Increase of the energy supply to the dry cows by addition of maize silage to the ration prevented new cases. 相似文献
2.
Flynn O Quigley F Costello E O'Grady D Gogarty A Mc Guirk J Takai S 《Veterinary microbiology》2001,78(3):221-228
Rhodococcus equi has a low pathogenicity in cattle, but it occasionally causes lymph node granulomas, which are detected at abattoir post mortem inspection, and must be distinguished from tuberculous granulomas. Lymph node lesions were detected in 6719 cattle, from a total of 3,263,622 cattle examined post mortem in abattoirs, in the Republic of Ireland, during 1997 and 1998. Histological examination was performed on all lesions, principally for the purpose of identifying animals with tuberculosis. A total of 1122 of the lesions were cultured on blood agar and on Stonebrinks and Lowenstein-Jensen medium containing pyruvate, because the histological findings were difficult to interpret or were suggestive of R. equi infection. R. equi was isolated from 264 lesions. Almost all of the R. equi granulomas were confined to a single lymph node, and were present predominantly in the retropharyngeal, bronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes. R. equi granulomas were present in a significantly higher proportion of the lesions detected in steers and heifers compared to cows. The prevalence in the total population of 3.3 million cattle examined post mortem was 0.008%. The 15-17kDa antigens, associated with virulence in this organism, and the 20kDa antigen, associated with intermediate virulence, were not detected in isolates from 146 cattle, analysed by immunoblot assays. A PCR assay to detect the plasmid gene encoding the 15-17kDa antigens was also negative for isolates from these 146 animals. Plasmids were not detected in 30 isolates which were examined. 相似文献
3.
An outbreak of fat cow syndrome occurred in a herd of 300 Friesian and Friesian/Holstein dairy cows calving predominantly between January and May. The herd came in off grass in good condition despite a long and hot summer. The dry cows received a diet of grass silage, brewing waste and minerals until the end of December, but the grass silage was butyric and was partially replaced by maize silage. By January 23, 16 of 70 calving cows (23 per cent) had appeared to suffer milk fever. Subsequent blood tests revealed that the cows may have been ketotic, and clinical and post mortem examination showed that they were probably suffering from fat cow syndrome. The freshly calved sick cows were treated with glucose, and corticosteroids were injected every second day into those which remained ill. The cattle had received a high energy diet, but the cows still to calve were placed on a diet of low metabolisable energy (77 MJ/cow) but adequate levels of undegradable protein. The problem was associated with a possible clostridial infection in two cows and with reduced fertility. 相似文献
4.
During a 6-week period, 22 Dairy Shorthorn cows and heifers died with granulocytopaenia and thrombocytopaenia. Clinical signs observed in the affected animals included increased salivation, pyrexia, depression, rumenal stasis, bilateral epistaxis, melaena, increased bleeding after removal of retained foetal membranes and rapid weight loss. Despite intensive antibiotic and vitamin K therapy and blood transfusions, all affected animals died. The aetiological agent, thought to be a fungal toxin, could not be isolated from post mortem specimens or pasture samples. 相似文献
5.
A method is presented by which a maximal number of BSE-infected cattle that had escaped the filter of clinical examination are identified during ante mortem examination. This approach might prove to be an efficient and cost-effective method for veterinary and non-veterinary meat inspectors to remove infected animals prior to slaughter. In a case-control study, the clinical signs of 224 randomly selected sick slaughtered animals were compared with the clinical signs of 26 sick slaughtered animals in which BSE infection was diagnosed using a rapid test post mortem. In addition, the clinical signs of the sick slaughtered BSE-positive animals were compared with the clinical signs of a group of BSE suspects identified during the same time period and in which BSE infection could be confirmed. As a result of this study a mathematical model was developed to identify BSE suspects. This model contains a total of 7 variables (clinical signs) that proved to be of importance. These signs were aggressive behaviour, grinding of teeth, protruding eyeballs, reduced rumination, inability to stand, overexcitability, and difficulty in standing up. The presented model has a sensitivity of 61.5% (16 out of 26 BSE-positive animals slaughtered while sick were identified) and a specificity of 99.6% when compared to a rapid test conducted post mortem. 相似文献
6.
Measurements of vaginal electrical resistance (VER) taken post mortem from selected sites in the genitalia of 28 cows showed that the optimum site for this purpose is the anterior vagina. 相似文献
7.
Muskens J van Ruitenbeek HW Letellier C Kerkhofs P van Maanen C 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2004,129(18):584-588
As a result of a BVDV infection in a herd consisting of 95 adult cattle 17 cows aborted their calves within a period of 3.5 months, one third got severe diarrhoea, 3 cows died and an increased percentage of the cattle got lochiometra after calving or abortion. The disease was diagnosed by paired serological testing of cattle with diarrhoea or abortion and post mortem examination of several aborted calves. From one foetus BVDV virus was isolated and subsequently subtyped by sequencing. Of aborting cattle, the testing results were influenced by the interval between infection and abortion. These results indicate that a primary infection with BVDV subtype 1b can cause severe clinical symptoms in a dairy herd. 相似文献
8.
Fifteen cows among a herd of 50 suckler cows and calves rapidly lost body condition and became dull and anorexic after grazing pasture containing bog asphodel (Narthecium ossifragum) during the summer of 1989. The affected cows had evidence of kidney damage characterised by elevated plasma urea and creatinine concentrations. Eleven cows died and diffuse renal tubular necrosis was present in three cows which were examined post mortem. Similar renal lesions were reproduced experimentally by feeding bog asphodel to a healthy calf. 相似文献
9.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: To present the first report of a case series concerning equine idiopathic muscular hypertrophy of the oesophagus (IMHO). OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical and pathological features of the disorder. METHODS: The medical records of 31 horses suffering from the disorder were reviewed retrospectively. In all these animals the diagnosis was confirmed at post mortem examination. RESULTS: The median age of the affected horses was 12.5 +/- 5.6 years (range 1-26) without sex or breed predilection. Only 2 out of 31 horses showed clinical signs associated with oesophageal dysfunction, indicating that the muscular hypertrophy was rather a coincidental post mortem finding. Histology revealed thickening of the distal portion of the oesophagus mainly involving the circular layer of the tunica muscularis without fibrosis or inflammation. In 8 cases, the disorder was seen in concurrence with idiopathic hypertrophy of the tunica muscularis of various other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. CONCLUSIONS: In the majority of patients, IMHO was a coincidental finding at post mortem examination usually confined to the smooth, circular muscle layer of the tunica muscularis externa. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Further research is necessary to study the precise effect of IMHO on oesophageal function. 相似文献
10.
An 11-year-old Jersey cow and a 9-year-old Holstein cow were examined for complaints of progressive exophthalmos. Additionally, signs of unilateral Horner's syndrome and reduced air movement through the nasal passages on the affected side were observed. In both cases, a poor prognosis was given due to suspected neoplasia. At 2 and 6 months, respectively, after initial examination, these cows were killed and post mortem examinations of the affected tissues were performed. The diagnosis for the Jersey was sclerosing respiratory epithelial adenocarcinoma and for the Holstein was squamous cell carcinoma. The clinical signs, differential diagnosis, and the progression of the disease were discussed. 相似文献
11.
Experimental production of fatal mucosal disease in cattle 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
Three outbreaks of mucosal disease were investigated. Careful examination of 47 cattle that were persistently viraemic with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) revealed no clinical disease, no or low levels of BVDV antibody and only non-cytopathic virus in their blood. The four animals with mucosal disease all showed clinical disease and both cytopathic and non-cytopathic virus in their blood. Following post mortem examination, there were particularly high levels of cytopathic virus in gut tissue. A hypothesis for the induction of mucosal disease is suggested. It states that animals become persistently infected with non-cytopathic virus following in utero infection and when, in post natal life, they become superinfected with a cytopathic virus, then mucosal disease ensues. The experimental reproduction of mucosal disease in support of this hypothesis is described. 相似文献
12.
Perinatal mortality and stillbirths were investigated in an extensively managed herd of Friesian cows and heifers calving over a 2‐year period: 504 cows were calved and 215 heifers. Cows were bred to Friesian and Jersey bulls using natural service. The perinatal fetal mortality rate was 7.5% for cows and 30% for heifers. An experienced stockman managed these calvings and veterinary assistance was required only on nine occasions. All stillborn fetuses were examined post‐mortem by the Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Carmarthen and no infectious agent was identified on any occasion. Thyroid hyperplasia was found in two fetuses. In blood samples taken from 10 late pregnant heifers, mean glutathione peroxidase values were 7.9 ± 1.7 IU/ml Packed Cell Volume (PCV). Tissues from eight fetuses were submitted to the University of Liverpool for histopathological examination; all presented lesions consistent with myocardial degeneration and necrosis of the left ventricle. Following treatment of 205 late pregnant heifers with sodium selenite and vitamin E, the overall perinatal mortality rate in these cattle fell to below 11%. 相似文献
13.
A retrospective study of 24 cases of inflammation of carpal extensors (m. extensor carpi radialis, m. extensor digitorum communis, m. abductor digiti I longus) was conducted. The findings of anamnestic, clinical, and post-mortem investigations are described. Half of the patients were first calf heifers at the ages of 2 1/2 to 3 years. The rest of the animals were older cows (with one exception). In all of the young cows the disease had become apparent within 11 weeks post partum. The most striking clinical finding is the posture of the animals when lying down: the affected forelimbs are extended forward. Palpation reveals a homogeneous firm swelling of the cranial portion of the forearm. Most of the patients also had pododermatitis in hind and/or front legs, and exhibited signs of a systemic reaction in the form of "polysynovitis" and raised serum total protein concentrations. Post mortem examination revealed a hemorrhagic edematous impregnation of the distal part of the radial carpal extensor muscle and particularly of its fascia. The tendon and tendon sheath had unclear contours and were swollen. Histologically the lesions are typical of subacute granulating inflammation. As to the cause, it is assumed that the ailment is a significant complication of some other disease of the locomotion system. Type and localization of the lesions suggest a traumatic etiology. Therapeutic results have been unsatisfactory. 相似文献
14.
One case of caecocaecal intussusception (case 1) and one case of caecocolic intussusception (case 2) in ponies are described. Case 1 showed mild abdominal discomfort for seven days followed by sudden death whereas case 2 showed continuous moderate pain for three weeks. At post mortem examination, case 1 showed intussusception of the base of the caecum into the body whereas in case 2, the entire caecum had invaginated into the right ventral colon. Histopathological examination showed that the lesions in both animals had been present for a long time. 相似文献
15.
Egg expulsion and post mortem examination were used to compare self-cure and resistance to reinfection with Haemonchus contortus in female Merino sheep, AA and BB hemoglobin types. Animals were infected by 500 or 5000 larvae of H. concortus once, or several times, before being challenged by 500 (low dose) or 5000 (high dose) larvae.In AA sheep infected once by 500 larvae self-cure was detected by a challenge of either 500 or 5000 larvae while in multi-infected sheep only a challenge of 5000 L3 induced the self-cure. In BB sheep a mild self-cure was detected only by a challenge of 5000 larvae.In AA sheep receiving several infections, challenge by 500 larvae was not effective in producing resistance while 5000 L3 was effective in producing a state of resistance for up to 35 days post challenge.At post mortem examination, a strong state of resistance was evidenced in multi-infected animals by the low number of L4 and adults present in the abomasum up to the 35th day after challenge.In BB sheep no state of resistance was demonstrated by challenge with either 500 or 5000 L3, even in multi-infected animals. 相似文献
16.
The regional differences of the pH-value in the vagina,cervix, and uterus of cows during interestrus
This study aimed to ascertain the pH value of the vagina, cervix, and uterus in cows during interoestrus. Measurements were made with an ambulant, digital pH meter with a flexible probe and a measuring frequency of one value per second. The genital tract (vagina, cervix, uterus) of 50 cows were analyzed with this instrument immediately post mortem. The sexual health of the animals was evaluated via clinical, histological, and microbiological tests. Statistically significant regional differences in the pH value were documented (p < 0.01). Whereas a decrease was measured between the values for the vagina (6.92 +/- 0.51) and the cervix (6.22 +/- 0.31), increased values were measured in the uterus (6.62 +/- 0.32). The physiological pH value in the genital tract of the cow should be taken into consideration for the development of new therapeutic measures in terms of the local application of probiotically active bacterial strains. 相似文献
17.
After several years of unsuccessful efforts to eradicate paratuberculosis in goats in Norway by conventional methods such as general hygienic precautions and the isolation and slaughtering of clinically affected and serologically positive animals, a vaccination programme was initiated in 1967. The vaccine used consists of two live attenuated strains of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis suspended in a mixture of liquid paraffin, olive oil and pumice powder. The vaccine may be stored at 4 degrees C for two weeks, the dose is 1 ml and the goat kids are vaccinated at the age of two to four weeks. The efficacy of the vaccine has been judged mainly by post mortem examination of vaccinated and unvaccinated goats in the period 1967-82. During this period about 131,000 goats were vaccinated and, based on the post mortem examination of 15,219 goats, the infection rate was reduced from 53 to 1 per cent. Moreover, infection occurred almost exclusively in goats which for some reason or other had not been vaccinated or which had been too old when vaccinated. The results of these examinations showed that the adjuvanted vaccine with live M paratuberculosis bacteria offers a high degree of protection against paratuberculosis in goats. 相似文献
18.
1. Within a large flock of turkey toms (2000 BUT9 conventionally reared and slaughtered), early muscle pH measurements were randomly done to distinguish two groups of birds presenting low (fast glycolysing, GR) or normal (normal glycolysing, GN) values. 2. Subsequently, ultimate pH values and meat quality parameters were also recorded. Meat quality parameters from GR or GN samples differ more or less indicating more or less severe PSE conditions. Proteins extracted from the samples at 20 min post mortem were similar while they differed greatly at 24 h post mortem. Moreover, among the GR birds, a subgroup of animals (called AB) presented SDS-PAGE profiles largely different from other GR or GN birds. 3. All the subsequent analysis developed on meat quality parameters as well as for protein extractabilities also differed between AB and other animals indicating that they must be considered differently in term of PSE syndrome development. 4. Western blots against Myosin Heavy Chain and actin at 24 h post mortem indicate that myofibrillar protein alterations are different in AB and GR or GN samples. 5. At 20 min post mortem, glycogen content was lowest in AB samples while the glycolytic potential was similar in all samples at the time of death. Measurements of PFK enzyme specific activity did not indicate a different regulation of post mortem glycolysis in AB samples. 6. Our results suggest that a unique pH measurement at 20 min post is insufficient to detect animals more prone to developing a severe PSE syndrome in turkeys. In consequence, it is suggested that a more precise evaluation of the kinetics of pH and temperature decrease has to be conducted to understand the aetiology of meat quality parameter alterations in poultry. 相似文献
19.
Tegtmeier C Arnbjerg J 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2000,47(3):229-234
The aim of the study was to evaluate radiology as a technique to visualize pulmonary lesions in young calves, e.g. as a selection criterion for research animals in order to eliminate animals with lung lesions prior to experimental studies of pneumonia. Five calves with acute clinical signs of pneumonia were included in a direct comparative study of radiological and post mortem findings. Also, a number of animals with no signs of pneumonia were included as controls. The study revealed good agreement between the radiological and post mortem findings. Thus, in conclusion, radiology should be considered as a useful objective tool to predict the presence of pulmonary lesions in young calves. 相似文献
20.
Damien Barrett Daniel M Collins Guy McGrath Colm ó Muireagain 《Irish veterinary journal》2012,65(1):20
Blood samples were collected opportunistically at routine post mortem examination from 199 sheep which came from 152 flocks. The location of each submitting flock was mapped. Sera were tested using a goose blood haemagglutination inhibition assay for louping ill virus. There was an animal level prevalence of 8.5%, and a flock level prevalence of 9.8%. The greatest proportion of seropositive animals was identified among the animals older than 24 months of age. The elevation of the land associated with positive flocks was greater than that of negative flocks. Lesions of non-suppurative meningoencephalitis were observed in three of the 199 animals. 相似文献