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1.
Spontaneous progressive nephropathy dominated by glomerular lesions in common marmosets has been reported. However, the histopathologic characteristics, including the relationship between glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions, have not been described in detail. In the present study, the authors examined the histopathologic characteristics of the background renal lesions in common marmosets (3 males and 9 females, 3 to 8 years old). The severity of glomerular lesions was graded into 3 classes: grade I, no alteration; grade II, hilar/focal increase of mesangial matrix; grade III, global/diffuse increase of mesangial matrix. Tubulointerstitial lesions (tubular regeneration and hyperplasia and interstitial inflammation and fibrosis) were scored according to the area of each lesion. The renal lesions were characterized by enlargement of glomeruli, expanded mesangial area with increase of periodic acid-Schiff reaction-positive matrix, tubular regeneration and hyperplasia, and interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. Glomerular lesions progressed with increasing mesangial matrix and aging. Additionally, the tubulointerstitial lesions became exacerbated with progressing glomerular lesions. Tubular hyperplasia was divided into 4 types according to the structure of the cell layer (simple or stratified-like), the area of increased lining cells (partial or entire), cytoplasmic staining (eosinophilic or basophilic), brush border and thickness of basement membrane, and the activity of cell proliferation. In conclusion, the background renal lesions in common marmosets were characterized by glomerular lesions with increase of mesangial matrix, which progressed with aging, and secondary tubulointerstitial lesions, including tubular hyperplasia. Those lesions were thus diagnosed as progressive glomerulonephropathy in common marmosets.  相似文献   

2.
OBJECTIVE: To histologically identify glomerular lesions in dogs infected with Leishmania organisms. ANIMALS: 41 dogs (17 sexually intact males and 14 sexually intact and 10 ovariohysterectomized females) that had positive results when tested for leishmaniosis as determined by use of serologic evaluation (indirect fluorescent antibody test, titers of 1:80 to 1:640) and direct microscopic identification of the protozoal organisms. PROCEDURE: Urine samples were collected by use of cystocentesis and examined by qualitative SDS-agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE). All dogs had non-selective (glomerular) or mixed (glomerular and tubular) proteinemia. Specimens were obtained from each dog during ultrasound-assisted renal biopsy and used for histologic examination. Each specimen was stained with H&E, periodic acid-Schiff, Goldner's trichrome, methenamine silver, and Congo Red stains. Specimens were adequate for evaluation when they contained at least 5 glomeruli/section, except for specimens stained with Congo Red in which 1 glomerulus/section was adequate. RESULTS: Examination of renal biopsy specimens revealed various glomerular lesions in all dogs and interstitial or tubular (or both) lesions in 23 of 41 (55%) dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Glomerular lesions that develop in dogs during infection with Leishmania organisms can be classified histologically as mesangial glomerulonephritis, membranous glomerulonephritis, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and focal segmental glomerulonephritis. Tubulointerstitial histopathologic conditions were not observed as the primary lesion, despite being evident in 23 of 41 (55%) dogs. Use of SDS-AGE for qualitative evaluation of proteinuria and successive collection of specimens during renal biopsies following diagnosis of nonselective glomerular proteinuria provides the possibility for early identification of renal lesions.  相似文献   

3.
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis was observed in a 2-year-old male Japanese domestic cat with clinical renal failure. In the glomeruli, moderate mesangial hypercellularity with an increased mesangial matrix and thickening of the capillary walls were prominent. In addition, frequent duplication of the capillary walls, splitting, and spike formation were observed in the glomerular basement membrane. Granular cat IgG and complement component deposition were detected globally along the glomerular capillary walls and in the mesangium. Transmission electron microscopy revealed dense deposits in the subendothelial and subepithelial regions and the mesangium. Mesangial interposition was also observed. These glomerular lesions are also found in humans with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type III, which has not been reported in animals.  相似文献   

4.
In 100 dogs autopsied, glomerular IgA deposition was examined by the immunofluorescence technique and the histopathological features of glomeruli with IgA deposition were examined by light and electron microscopy. The incidence of the IgA deposition was age-related but there were no sex and breed predisposition. Deposition of IgA was observed mainly in mesangial areas in approximately a half (47%) of dogs examined. IgG, IgM and C3 often co-deposited. Histopathology of the glomeruli with IgA deposition indicated increase of mesangial cells, crescent formation, hemispherical deposits in paramesangial areas and glomerular sclerosis. Ultrastructurally electron dense substances positive for IgA deposited in mesangial and paramesangial areas. The examination to know the relation between the severity of IgA deposition and the number of mesangial cells or percent of the cells to total glomerular cells indicated that mesangial cells increased at the early stage of the disease and subsequently epithelial and endothelial cells proliferated as the increasing amount of IgA. Dogs suffering from enteritis or liver diseases showed high incidence of glomerular IgA deposition.  相似文献   

5.
The renal lesions were studied in eight dogs which had either died as a result of acute canine adenovirus infection (Rubarth's disease) or were in various stages of recovery from the clinical disease. Using immunofluorescence techniques granular deposits of IgG were detected in the glomeruli of six dogs; four of these animals had similar glomerular deposits of canine adenovirus antigen. Eluates obtained from kidney tissue of four dogs were found to contain antiviral antibody. Histologically those animals in which glomerular deposits of IgG and viral antigen were detected showed segmental glomerular hypercellularity. These findings were attributed to the deposition of circulating virus antigen-antibody complexes in the glomeruli.  相似文献   

6.
Glomerular lipidosis is a disease characterized by lipid accumulation in mesangial cells but that has not been fully investigated in avian species. We examined four wild and two laboratory-reared Japanese rock ptarmigans (Lagopus mutus japonicus)--an endangered avian species--presenting vacuolar deposits in the glomeruli. All cases had vacuolar deposits in the glomeruli. In the wild cases, fewer than 30% of all glomeruli were affected, compared with more than 90% in the laboratory-reared cases. In the wild cases, most deposits were mild and restricted to the mesangial areas of glomeruli. In the laboratory-reared cases, nearly all of the deposits covered entire glomeruli. Electron microscopy of mild deposits revealed vacuoles in the cytoplasm of mesangial cells. These vacuoles were positive for Sudan III, Sudan black B, oil red O, Nile blue, periodic acid-Schiff, Schultz test, and digitonin stain and were negative for performaric acid-Schiff stains. Based on these results, we diagnosed the glomerular lesion as glomerular lipidosis caused by uptake of low-density lipoprotein in mesangial cells. Except for one wild case, all cases exhibited renal tubular oxalosis. The severity of tubular oxalosis tended to be related to the severity of glomerular lipidosis: In cases of mild glomerular lipidosis, tubular oxalosis was also mild or absent. We therefore diagnosed the primary lesion as glomerular lipidosis accompanied by tubular oxalosis. The four wild cases came from different zones and therefore had no opportunities to interbreed and no common relatives. We believe these data support the hypothesis that glomerular lipidosis is a disease of the general population ofJapanese rock ptarmigans. This is the first report of glomerular lipidosis accompanied by renal tubular oxalosis in an avian species.  相似文献   

7.
A 4-year-old female pigtailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina), experimentally coinfected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac251) and Mycobacterium bovis(bacillus Calmette-Guerin), was euthanatized 1 year after infection because of weight loss and labored breathing. On gross examination, both kidneys were found to be markedly enlarged (right: 54.7 g and left: 51.7 g; normal < 20 g). Renal lesions were evaluated by histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural methods. Light microscopy revealed that the glomeruli were diffusely hypercellular with expansion of the mesangial matrix, and crescent formation affected approximately 60% of the glomeruli. By immunohistochemical evaluation, it was found that the crescents were composed principally of macrophages, as seen by CD68 (KP1), MRP8, MAC387, and HAM56 expression. Electron microscopic examination of the glomeruli revealed extensive intramembranous, subendothelial, and mesangial electron-dense deposits and multifocal fusion of the visceral epithelial foot processes. Immunofluorescence, used to determine the composition of the electron-dense deposits, revealed diffuse granular mesangial and capillary staining for immunoglobulin A (IgA). The renal changes described in this case report are most consistent with the findings of crescentic gloerulonephritis with IgA immune complex deposition in the glomerular basement membrane and mesangium as described in humans with IgA nephropathy.  相似文献   

8.
Four clinically healthy cattle persistently infected with the virus of bovine viral diarrhea were examined for viral antigen and lesions. Antigen was seen by direct immunofluorescence in cytoplasm of the neurons of the brain and cervical part of the spinal cord, cells and basement membrane of renal glomeruli, reticular cells of lymph nodes and spleen, epithelial cells of small intestinal crypts and renal and testicular tubules, and endothelial cells of blood vessels. Infected neurons were pyknotic and surrounded by astrocytes and macrophages. A few blood vessels in the brains were cuffed with mononuclear cells. Basement membranes of renal glomeruli were irregularly thick with eosinophilic material, and mesangial cells in the glomeruli were plentiful. The virus had a direct effect on some tissues, but was restricted in its cytopathogenicity and was not eliminated by defense mechanisms of the host. Renal glomerular lesions were believed to have an immunologic basis.  相似文献   

9.
Renal amyloidosis was diagnosed in six related English foxhounds from two separate hunting kennels. There was no apparent age or sex predilection. All the dogs had clinical and laboratory findings compatible with renal disease. The onset of clinical signs was acute in all cases with death or euthanasia in five of the six affected dogs occurring within one week of presentation. The remaining dog was treated with diuresis which produced a temporary improvement. Histological examination of renal tissue from affected dogs identified the presence of both glomerular and interstitial amyloid, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining to be of the reactive type (amyloid A). There were occasional sclerosed glomeruli or glomeruli with thickened Bowman's capsules, in addition to interstitial and periglomerular infiltration with a predominance of plasma cells and lymphocytes and secondary changes including tubular eosinophilic casts. Renal papillary necrosis was identified in three dogs. One hound had concurrent multicentric lymphoma. Pedigree analysis of the affected dogs revealed that four individuals shared a common great grandsire and that the same dog was the grand-sire of a further case. Pedigree analysis of five additional dogs from one of the kennels, all of which had clinical signs of acute renal failure but from which renal tissue was not available, revealed a close relationship to those foxhounds with confirmed renal amyloidosis.  相似文献   

10.
Kidney specimens from 12 dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts were examined histologically. Glomerulopathy of variable severity was present in the kidney sections of all 12. Marked irregular thickening of the glomerular capillary wall was the most prominent pathological change, the renal interstitium being largely unaffected. The severity of lesions was not correlated with the age of dogs at the time of necropsy. An immunoperoxidase technique failed to demonstrate significant IgA or IgG deposition in affected glomeruli. Proteinuria was generally mild or absent despite significant glomerular lesions, except in dogs with concurrent urinary tract infection.  相似文献   

11.
Twelve Beagle dogs were immunized with aqueous-soluble Dirofilaria immitis antigens, and subsequent to at least fivefold increases in serum antibody titer, 6 mg of homologous antigen was infused into the left renal artery. Six dogs were treated once daily starting the day of infusion with 0.75 mg/kg of 1-benzylimidazole (1-BIM) in saline. Six control dogs were given saline only. Light, immunofluorescent, and transmission electron microscopic examinations of renal tissue from control dogs, 10 days after antigen infusion, showed a mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis in the left kidney with polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) infiltration and fibrin deposition. Immunoglobulin (Ig) G, M, C3, and Dirofilaria antigen deposits were observed in a segmental granular pattern. Mesangial, subendothelial, and intramembranous electron dense deposits were observed, and anti-Dirofilaria antibodies were demonstrated in kidney eluates from each dog. Administration of 1-BIM had no significant effect on IgG, IgM, C3, or antigen deposits, electron dense deposits, or concentration of antibody in kidney eluates. However, 1-BIM-treated dogs had less glomerular cell proliferation, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive glomerular staining, PMNL infiltration, and fibrin deposition. These data suggest that thromboxane is an important mediator in the development of immune complex glomerulonephritis, and that in certain circumstances, inhibition of thromboxane synthesis may be an effective therapy for immune complex glomerulonephritis in the dog.  相似文献   

12.
Glomerulonephritis has been associated with exogenous glucocorticoid administration and spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism in the dog. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of long-term glucocorticoid therapy on urine protein:creatinine ratios (UP/Cs) and renal morphology. Nine young-adult male dogs were determined to be healthy and have normal renal function as assessed by physical examination, CBC, serum biochemistry analysis, Knott's test for Dirofilaria immitis , urinaly-sis, urine culture, urine protein electrophoresis, endogenous creatinine clearance, 24-hour urinary protein excretion, and UP/C. Prednisone was administered to each dog at a dosage of 2.2 mg/kg PO bid for 42 days. Urinalysis and UP/C were performed on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 42 of treatment. Mean UP/C on day 0 was 0.29 ± 0.10. Mean UP/C increased progressively to a maximum of 1.27 ± 1.02 on day 28. Mean UP/C on day 42 decreased slightly (0.92 ± 0.56) but remained significantly increased above baseline.
The most consistent renal light microscopic finding on necropsy examination was generalized hypercellular glomerular tufts, suggestive of mesangial cell proliferation. Four dogs also had occasional adhesions of glomerular tufts to Bowman's capsule, accompanied by thickening of the capsule. Direct immunofluorescence for immunoglobulin deposition was negative in all dogs. Electron microscopy, evaluated in 7 dogs, was characterized by occasional mild segmental thickening of basement membranes, fusion of visceral cell foot processes, and glomerular adhesions. The results of this study indicate that long-term administration of glucocorticoids results in significant proteinuria and glomerular changes in the dog.  相似文献   

13.
A diagnosis of renal dysplasia was made in a six-month-old, male, mixed-breed pig. Both kidneys were small, firm, slightly pitted, and contained an indistinct corticomedullary junction. Histologically, primitive tubules were present surrounded by an abundant loose, mesenchymatous stroma. Occasionally, tubules were markedly dilated and lined by a pseudostratified columnar epithelium forming epithelial mats that obscured the lumina. Immature glomeruli were present. Multifocal glomerular sclerosis was evident. Other mature glomeruli were enlarged and characterized by mesangial cell hyperplasia forming an arborizing pattern.  相似文献   

14.
对临床尸检一例乳牛肾淀粉样变病进行了组织与超微病理学和免疫组织化学的研究。结果提示其淀粉样蛋白为无分枝、平行或非平行排列的微丝,主要沉积在肾小球和小血管周围。在肾小球,系膜区沉积最为严重,其次为肾小球毛细血管基膜。生物素-亲和素免疫过氧化物酶(ABC)染色结果显示,抗淀粉样蛋白A(AA)反应阳性颗粒沉积于肾小球和肾的小血管壁上,其抗AA阳性反应提示本病为继发性淀粉样肾病。  相似文献   

15.
Renal specimens from 6 mink with encephalitozoonosis were studied by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The glomeruli of affected kidneys had a mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis which was characterized by an increase in mesangial cells and matrix in most glomeruli. Some glomeruli were partially or completely sclerosed. There were protein or granular casts in the cortical and medullary tubules. Interstitial nephritis, vasculitis and tubular cysts were found. Electron microscopy demonstrated extensive matrix and increased cellularity in the mesangial areas. Glomeruli showed segmentally thickened or wrinkled capillary basement membranes. Electron dense deposits were found in the glomerular basement membranes and mesangium. Peroxidase-anti-peroxidase immunohistochemistry demonstrated that IgG and IgM positive material was present as granular deposits in the glomerular basement membrane and occasionally in the mesangium.  相似文献   

16.
A winter outbreak of ascites in cultured Japanese amberjack Seriola quinqueradiata was examined. Affected fish displayed bloody ascitic fluid in the peritoneal cavity, their hearts were covered with a white membrane, their livers were congested and their kidneys were swollen. Renal tubular epithelia displayed extensive necrosis and often contained hyaline droplets, while some glomeruli showed atrophy and necrosis. Hematopoietic tissue in the kidney contained some swollen reticular cells. In the heart, an inflammatory reaction accompanied by edema, hemorrhage and fibrin deposition occurred in the epicardium of the atrium and ventricle and in the pericardial cavity. The epicardium and pericardium were partially adhered to each other. Hepatic lesions included dilatation of sinusoids accompanied by severe edema and congestion. Edema and fibrin deposition were often observed in the hepatic serosa and perivascular tissue. Splenic tissues with atrophied pulp showed definite increases in trabecula thickness. These findings suggest that the examined fish might have a systemic circulatory disturbance due to cardiac lesions associated with renal failure.  相似文献   

17.
Chickens infected with Marek's disease (MD) virus developed immune complex (IC)-mediated glomerulopathy. Fluorescent antibody staining technique using antichicken globulin and antichicken complement was used to demonstrate IC in the kidney glomeruli. During the initial stages of MDV infection, IC deposits were seen on the glomerular basement membrane, but subsequently the entire glomerulus was involved. Mesangial cells also had IC deposits. Chicken complement was demonstrated in the glomeruli which had IC deposits. The number of glomeruli with IC deposition was higher in tumor-bearing birds than in non-tumor-bearing birds. Histologically, kidney lesion were characterized by thickening of basement membrane and proliferation of mesangial cells. It is suggested that IC-mediated glomerulopathy might be one of the major causes of death in MD.  相似文献   

18.
Spontaneous hydronephrosis in KK-A(Y) mice was studied using light and electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of resin casts to evaluate micro vascular changes in the kidney. The renal parenchyma was extremely thin as a result of tubular atrophy. Histologically, varying degrees of glomerulosclerosis were observed. Ultrastructurally, marked thickenings of the glomerular basal lamina, an increase in mesangial cells and matrix, and marked effacement of foot processes were observed. In resin casts, a marked reduction in number of glomeruli was evident. The capillaries were thin, strangulated and tom-off to varying degrees in severely affected glomeruli. In the medulla, the three-dimensional capillary network running along the tubules was lost and changed to a two-dimensional vascular bed. Despite severe hydronephrosis, the glomerular capillary network was relatively well preserved, being either slightly or moderately injured in approximately 60% of surviving glomeruli.  相似文献   

19.
Glomerular lesions including membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis occur spontaneously in aged mice, but they are rare in young animals. In our laboratory, spontaneous glomerulonephritis was observed in an 8-week-old male Crj:CD1 (ICR) mouse. Macroscopically, the bilateral kidneys were discolored, but no edema or ascites was observed. Glomerular lesions were characterized by a thickening of capillary walls, a double-contoured basement membrane and mesangial expansion due to increased amounts of matrix. Ultrastructurally, mesangial interposition in the capillary wall and subendothelial deposition of basement membrane-like material were observed. No evidence of immune complex deposition or amyloid was found. On the basis of the observed clinical pathology and histopathology, a secondary form of glomerular lesion was excluded. The glomerular lesion was compatible with glomerulonephritis in a young Crj:CD1 (ICR) mouse.  相似文献   

20.
Nivalenol (NIV) is a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium fungi that frequently contaminates agricultural commodities. Dietary administration of NIV to adult mice affects the renal glomeruli, but data about NIV toxicity in human infants are limited. To evaluate the effects of NIV on infant kidneys, 3-week-old male ICR-derived glomerulonephritis (ICGN) and ICR mice were administered 0, 4, 8 or 16 ppm NIV in diet for 4 weeks, and their renal status was compared with age-matched or adult ICR mice. In ICGN mice, the number of glomeruli showing mesangial expansion and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA)-positive mesangial cells was higher with 16 ppm NIV compared with controls. No other significant differences were observed in ICGN mice. In infant ICR mice, the IgA serum concentrations were significantly elevated without glomerular morphological changes in the 16 ppm NIV group. There was no difference in NIV sensitivity in the kidneys of infant ICGN and ICR mice. These data suggest that the kidneys in infant mice are not sensitive to nivalenol under the present conditions.  相似文献   

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