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1.
乳牛口服过量维生素A对维生素D3及钙磷代谢的影响 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
从北京郊区某农场选取１０头健康成年黑白花乳牛，随机分为试验（５头，每周每头口服维生素Ａ１００万单位）和对照（５头，不作任何处理）两组。８周以后检测发现，试验组血清钙和无机磷水平呈下降趋势；尾椎骨皮质变薄，密度下降，呈现骨质吸收现象；血清碱性磷酸酶显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）；其活性代谢产物２５－羟维生素Ｄ３（２５－ＯＨ－Ｄ３）极显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；１，２５－二羟维生素Ｄ３［１，２５－（ＯＨ）２－ 相似文献
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从北京某农场选取５头骨软病乳牛作为试验组，５头健康乳牛作为对照组，然后进行了血常规，血清学检测。结果表明，试验组乳牛血清钙水平呈下降趋势；血清无机磷水平显著下降。知清ＡＫＰ活性显著升高，其同工酶特征性酶谱中骨带染色谱宽变深；血清维生素Ｄ３活性代谢产物（２５－ＯＨ－Ｄ和１，２５－（ＰＨ）２－Ｄ３）均显著下降；血清骨钙素（ＢＧＰ）水平极显著下降。 相似文献
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乳牛体内维生素D3代谢与骨软病的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
在北京效区某农场，选择１０头健康乳牛作为对照组，１０头具有骨营养不良的乳牛作为试验组，分别进行了饲料和血清钙，磷含量分析，血清ＡＫＰ活性及其同功酶，血清维生素Ｄ３及活性代谢产物等项目的检测，尾椎Ｘ线检查及维生素Ｄ３治疗试验等。结论如下：①该场乳牛发生的骨营养不良为贩质软化症，维生素Ｄ３其活性代谢产物缺乏是其主要病因；②血清２５－ＯＨ－Ｄ３和１，２５－（ＯＨ）２－Ｄ３是诊断乳牛维生素Ｄ营养状况和乳牛 相似文献
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在枯饲期间（春季），对选取的１０头健康荷斯坦乳牛，测得其血清维生素Ａ和β－胡萝卜素的浓度分别为２７４．３８±９５．９３μｇ／Ｌ和１３９．１６±１１０．８３μｇ／Ｌ，二者呈显著性正相关（ｒ＝０．３６，Ｐ＜０．０５）。之后，随机分为２组，每组各５头，一组作为实验组，每周每头乳牛口服维生素Ａ１００万Ｕ，另一组作为对照组，不作任何处理。８周以后检测发现，２组乳牛血清维生素Ａ和β－胡萝卜素的浓度显著高于枯饲期（Ｐ＜０．０５），试验组乳牛血清维生素Ａ和β－胡萝卜素极显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；对照组乳牛血清维生素Ａ和β－胡萝卜素之间显著性正相关（ｒ＝０．４３，Ｐ＜０．０５）。据此说明：（１）乳牛血清维生素Ａ和β－胡萝卜素在测定的这２个时期内有一定的相关性；（２）乳牛口服大量的维生素Ａ影响β－胡萝卜素的吸收和代谢；（３）饲料的季节性变化可影响乳牛血清维生素Ａ和β－胡萝卜素的水平。 相似文献
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通过血常规，血清钙，无机磷，碱性磷酸酶活及其同工酶酶谱，尾椎Ｘ线检查等方法，在北京市郊区某农场，选出１０头健康成年黑白花乳牛作为对照组，１０头骨软病乳牛作为试验组。分别对其肝功能，血清维生素Ｄ３，２５－羟维生素Ｄ３（２５－ＯＨ－Ｄ３）和１，２５－双羟维生素Ｄ３（１，２５－（ＯＨ）２－Ｄ３）进行测定。结果表明，骨软病乳牛血清硫酸锌浊度及γ－球蛋白明显高于健康水平（Ｐ〈０．０５和Ｐ〈０．０１），而血清 相似文献
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１９９８年１０月至１９９９年３月,在宁夏吴忠宁兰奶牛繁殖场,对试验组（ｎ＝１５）乳牛按每１００ｋｇ混合精料添加含Ｇｅ＾１３２促长素１．５ｋｇ,对照组（ｎ＝１５）添加畜禽用微量元素添加剂,共饲喂１８２ｄ。试验组与对照组相比,每头乳牛多产奶２５．５ｋｇ,可提高血清ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ、ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ的活性,降低血清ＭＤＡ的含量,提高全血Ｇｅ＾１３２、Ｓｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ的含量,提高乳牛越冬抗春乏的能力及繁殖性能 相似文献
7.
在枯饲期间（春季），对选取的１０头健康荷斯坦乳牛，测得其血清维生素Ａ和β胡萝卜素的浓度分别为２７４．３８±９５．９３ｕｇ／Ｌ和１３９．１６±１１０．８３ｕｇ／Ｌ，二者呈显著性正相关（ｒ＝０．３６，Ｐ〈０．０５）。之后，随机分为２组，每组各５头，一组作为实验组，每周每头乳牛口服维生素Ａ１００万Ｕ，另一组作为对照组，不作任何处理。８周以后检测发现，３组乳牛血清维生素Ａ和β－胡萝卜素的浓度显著高于枯饲期 相似文献
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添加１，２５一二羟钙化醇可预防镁缺乏鸡的低钙血症■金光明摘译自《Ｊ．Ｎｕｔｒ．》，１９９３，１２３（４）：７６４－７７１■张晓风校鸡日粮镁缺乏表现为进行性低钙血症，１，２５－二羟胆钙化醇［１，２５（ＯＨ）２Ｄ３］提高日粮钙的肠吸收与特异性维生素Ｄ调整... 相似文献
10.
２５羟胆钙化醇对鸡的营养生理学作用麻益良（化工部饲料添加剂技术开发服务中心）何瑞国（华中农业大学畜牧兽医学院）２５羟胆钙化醇（英文名为２５－Ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｃｈｏｌｅ－ｃａｌｃｉｆｅｒｏｌ，简写为２５－ＯＨ－Ｄ３）是维生素Ｄ３（ＶＤ３）在动物机体内代谢... 相似文献
11.
Turkey poults were fed a vitamin D-deficient diet and examined for clinical signs and structural changes of bone and parathyroid glands. Vitamin D-deficient poults developed ricketic changes during days 10 to 14. Control poults (deficient diet plus vitamin D) did not develop rickets. In deficient poults, lengths of proliferating-prehypertrophied zones of growth plates increased significantly in the proximal tibiotarsus but were only slightly elongated in the distal tibiotarsus. Unmineralized hypertrophic chondrocyte zones increased in length rapidly in conjunction with a decrease in the length of mineralized hypertrophic degenerative zones; this occurred more rapidly in proximal than in distal tibiotarsus. Other ricketic changes included decreases in bone ash, total femoral bone ash (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium), bone length, and body weight. Plasma alkaline phosphatase was increased, calcium was normal, and phosphorus was normal or elevated. Parathyroids were hyperplastic and had foci of degeneration. Vitamin D3 metabolites 25OHD3, 1,25(OH)2D3, and 24,25(OH)2D3 were rapidly depleted. Increase in bone ash Ca/P ratios in deficient poults suggests that phosphorus may be selectively released from ricketic bone. Low 25OHD3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 of control poults early in the experiment suggests that 1,400 IU of vitamin D3/kg of feed may not be an adequate level of vitamin D3 for growing turkey poults. 相似文献
12.
Administration of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) to lactating dairy cows resulted in increased dietary calcium absorption and elevated concentrations of plasma calcium. Dietary magnesium absorption was unaffected by 1,25(OH)2D3 however, plasma magnesium concentration was depressed. Injections of 1,25(OH)2D3 were effective in elevating plasma calcium concentrations in both normal and hypomagnesaemic cows. This indicates a potential use for 1,25(OH)2D3 to prevent and treat hypocalcaemic cows with or without concurrent hypomagnesaemia. 相似文献
13.
In this study, we characterized the effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH D3) and manipulated dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) on the performance, urine pH, serum constituents, carcass traits, tissue residual vitamin D and its metabolites, beef tenderness, and mRNA and protein concentrations of Ca-dependent proteinases in LM using 24 cull native Korean cows. The cows were divided into 3 groups of 8: control, 25-OH D3 supplemented (25-OH D3), and manipulated DCAD plus 25-OH D3 supplemented (DCAD+25-OH D3). Cows receiving 25-OH D3 or DCAD+25-OH D3 were dosed with 125 mg of 25-OH D3 6 d before slaughter. The manipulated DCAD (-10 mEq/100 g of DM) diet was fed from 20 to 6 d (14 d) before slaughter. The DCAD+25-OH D3 treatment decreased urine pH and increased serum Ca concentrations. Although the vitamin D concentrations in LM, liver, and kidney were not affected by 25-OH D3 or DCAD+25-OH D3, muscle tissue 25-OH D3 concentrations were increased by both regimens. Serum 25-OH D3 concentrations were increased by 25-OH D3 supplementation, and the increase was even greater for DCAD+25-OH D3. The same pattern was observed for serum 1,25- (OH)2 D3. However, the LM concentration of 1,25-(OH)2 D3 was less for DCAD+25-OH D3 than for control. Although Ca concentrations of LM increased numerically in response to 25-OH D3 supplementation, no statistical differences in Warner-Bratzler shear force or sensory traits of LM were detected. The LM of cows receiving 25-OH D3 with or without manipulated DCAD had greater concentrations of mu-calpain and m-calpain mRNA, whereas the reverse was observed for calpastatin mRNA. Expression of mu-calpain protein was increased relative to control by DCAD+25-OH D3. The amount of 25-OH D3 and manipulated DCAD administered to cull native Korean cows was insufficient to improve tenderness of beef by increasing muscle Ca concentration. However, DCAD+25-OH D3 induced greater expressions of mu-calpain protein as well as mRNA. 相似文献
14.
Feeding Solanum glaucophyllum to preparturient multiparous cows prevents postparturient hypocalcemia 
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下载免费PDF全文 Junichiro Ishii Akifumi Uramoto Yoshikazu Nagao Hisaya Goto 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(10):869-877
Solanum glaucophyllum (SG) contains 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25‐(OH)2D3) glycosides. We investigated the effect of SG on hypocalcemia in cows. Serum levels of 1,25‐(OH)2D3, total calcium and phosphorus dose‐relatedly increased after feeding with SG, while serum magnesium and chloride levels fell (P < 0.05). We also performed an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) infusion to induce artificial hypocalcemia. Cows that had been fed 4.0 mg/kg body weight of SG daily for 2 weeks had a higher serum concentration of total calcium at the end of EDTA infusion than those not fed SG (P < 0.05). In a field trial, multiparous cows were assigned to one of four groups: (1) no SG, (2) 1.3 g or (3) 2.6 g of SG daily from 14 days before the estimated calving day until 3 days after calving, or (4) a single feed of 35.75 g SG at 3 days before the estimated calving day. The concentrations of serum total calcium after the calving in each treatment group were (1) 7.4, (2) 7.9, (3) 8.0 and (4) 8.9 mg/dL and higher for (4) than for (1) (P < 0.05). The data suggests that feeding a high dose of SG before the calving may maintain higher concentrations of serum calcium after the calving. 相似文献
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25-羟胆钙化醇与维生素D_3对北京鸭生产性能和骨骼发育的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验选用2 160羽1日龄北京鸭,按4×3两因素设计随机分成12个处理,每处理6个重复;分别饲喂不同水平的25-羟胆钙化醇(25-OH-D3)(0、35、70、105μg/kg)与维生素D3(2 500、3 000、3 500 IU/kg)的日粮,探讨25-OH-D3在肉鸭日粮中的使用效果。结果表明:不同水平25-OH-D3对北京鸭生产性能没有显著影响;添加105μg/kg较35、70μg/kg显著降低45日龄北京鸭胸肌率(P<0.05);70、105μg/kg 25-OH-D3较35μg/kg显著提高了胫骨磷含量(P<0.05)。添加3 500、3 000 IU/kg维生素D3较2 500 IU/kg显著提高15～35日龄北京鸭日增重(P<0.05);添加3 500 IU/kg维生素D3较3 000、2 500 IU/kg显著提高14、45日龄胫骨钙含量(P<0.05)。25-OH-D3和维生素D3对14日龄胫骨中钙、磷含量和45日龄胫骨磷含量分别存在极显著(P<0.01)和显著(P<0.05)地交互作用。综合本试验可得出,北京鸭日粮中添加3 000 IU/kg维生素D3和70μg/kg 25-OH-D3效果最佳。 相似文献
17.
W K Rumbeiha W E Braselton R F Nachreiner K R Refsal 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2000,12(5):426-432
The objectives of this study were to develop a novel approach to postmortem diagnosis of cholecalciferol (CCF) toxicosis in dogs using kidney, bile, and urine samples, and to differentiate CCF from ethylene glycol (EG) toxicosis. To achieve these objectives, specimens collected from 2 previous laboratory studies in which dogs were given a single oral toxic dose of CCF (8.0 mg/kg) were used. For EG toxicosis, historical data from the previous 13 years (1985-1998) were reviewed and confirmed cases of EG toxicosis were selected. The historical data were used to compare trace mineral concentrations, specifically of calcium and phosphorus to differentiate between intoxications caused by CCF from that caused by EG in dogs. Kidneys, bile, and urine from dogs that died of CCF toxicosis were analyzed for 25 monohydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and compared to known control unexposed dogs. Results of this study show that biliary and renal 25(OH)D3 concentrations and renal calcium to phosphorus ratio are of diagnostic value in dogs exposed to toxic concentrations of CCF. The renal calcium to phosphorus ratio was <0.1 in normal dogs, 0.4-0.9 in dogs that died of CCF toxicosis, and >2.5 in dogs that died of EG toxicosis. 相似文献
18.
M Hidiroglou M Ivan J G Proulx M J Davicco V Coxam J P Barlet 《Research in veterinary science》1992,53(1):32-37
An investigation was undertaken to ascertain the possibility of a relationship between calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D], and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations in blood plasma and occurrence of congenital joint laxity and dwarfism (CJLD) in young cattle. Pregnant cows were fed hay (30 cows) or grass silage (122 cows) during winter months (October 15 to calving in March). Blood samples were taken from cows on seven occasions during the experiment and 48 hours after calving, and from calves at birth, and at seven, 14 and 56 days old. Five per cent of calves born (six of 122) to cows fed grass silage and none born to cows fed hay were affected by CJLD. The diet and health status of calves were not significantly (P greater than 0.05) associated with the plasma concentration of 1,25(OH)2D. The plasma calcium concentration declined with age of the calves (P less than 0.05) but was not affected by the occurrence of CJLD. Plasma phosphorus and magnesium concentrations in calves born to cows fed silage were higher (P less than 0.05) than in those born to cows fed hay. At birth and seven days old, plasma phosphorus concentrations were higher (P less than 0.05) in CJLD-affected calves than in healthy calves but the plasma concentration of IGF-1 was not different (P greater than 0.05). It was concluded that the high plasma phosphorus concentrations in CJLD-affected calves and their dams could be related to the aetiology of the CJLD condition in calves. 相似文献
19.
Mrljak V Grabarević Z Dzaja P Barić Rafaj R Perić J Artuković B Bidin Z Kis S Stavljenić Rukavina A Serman V 《British poultry science》1999,40(4):523-528
Five groups of laying hens were treated with different gizzerosine doses (0, 2.5; 5.0; 7.5; 10.0 mg/kg/body weight of gizzerosine) daily over a 21-day period to determine the serum concentrations of 1.25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D), total calcium, inorganic phosphorus and magnesium. Blood samples were taken on days 7, 14, and 21 of the experiment. The concentration of 1,25(OH)2D remained unchanged after day 7 in the gizzerosine-treated birds compared to the control group. After 14 days, it was significantly lower in the birds receiving. gizzerosine, compared with the control group. On day 21, 1,25(OH2)D concentrations were also significantly decreased in all 4 gizzerosine-treated groups compared with the control hens. The serum total calcium, inorganic phosphorus and total magnesium concentrations varied significantly, but irregularly, during the period of the study. 相似文献