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海南黄灯笼椒辣椒素合成酶基因克隆及表达研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本研究根据csy1基因序列设计引物,从海南黄灯笼椒（C. chinense Jacq.）中克隆了类似基因片段csy-h,比对结果表明,csy1和csy-h基因与AT3基因同源性很低。Ben-Chaim等[8]证实6个不同主效QTL影响辣椒素类物含量,说明除csy1基因外,还可能存在其它基因如AT3基因影响辣椒素含量。 此外还发现辣椒果实发育中csy-h基因的表达量与CS活性大小呈相同的变化趋势,Narasimha Prasad等[2] 还发现辣椒素含量最高峰出现时间较CS活性出现时间较晚,说明CS活性可能是辣椒素含量增加的主要原因之一。此外,从来自于本研究黄灯笼椒csy-h基因片段和来自于C. chacoense、C. annuum、C. frutescens csy1基因片段同源性高达100%,而表达量不同的结果看,可能csy1基因存在转录水平的调控机制。 相似文献
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种间杂交是种质创新和利用外源优异基因的重要途径。运用有性杂交方法,以浓紫色辣椒C.annuum PBC1366为母本(P1)、强辣C.chinense PI439487为父本(P2)进行种间杂交,获得了种间杂种植株。对杂种F1的19个表型性状进行了观察比较,结果表明,F1在生长势方面具有明显的杂种优势,其他表型性状介于父母本之间。种间F1花粉可染率为64.4%,形态学观察和EST-SSR标记分析结果明确了种间杂种F1的真实性。C.annuum×C.chinense种间杂种的获得为辣椒种间遗传图谱构建、辣椒香味和花青素代谢途径相关基因的定位奠定了基础。 相似文献
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小麦抗白粉病生化标记--过氧化物酶pⅠ 6.1酶带 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用等电聚焦凝胶电泳比较了抗、感白粉病小麦品种的过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱,发现抗、感品种之间的叶片过氧化物酶同工酶pⅠ6.1酶带(位于过氧化物酶同工酶等电聚焦凝胶电泳酶谱pⅠ6.1)在拔节期至白粉病发生期表现水平有很大差别.抗病品种中编码pⅠ6.1酶带的基因终生正常表达,该酶带在小麦全生育期均有较强的活性,染色后着色深,多属一级酶带.而该基因的表达在感病品种拔节之后受到抑制,酶带变得模糊不清甚至消失踪迹,多为三级、零级酶带.感染白粉病之后酶活性才回升,再度表现为一、二级酶带.为了探索造成这一差异的原因,比较了119株抗病品种与感品种杂交F2代和65株抗病品种/感病品种//感病品种的BC1代植株叶片过氧化物酶同工酶IEF酶谱,证明感病品种成株的pⅠ6.1酶带活性下降是因另一隐性基因所至. 相似文献
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用过氧化物酶同工酶对中国葡萄属野生种分类和亲缘关系的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＰＡＧＥ）对我国葡萄属１２个野生种和变种进行了过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）同工酶的研究。结果如下：绘制了葡萄属的基本酶谱，共分离出３５条酶带，用过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱可把供试材料分为三组。综合同工酶谱和聚类分析的结果，认为刺葡萄，秋葡萄、复叶葡萄、瘤枝葡萄和华东葡萄是葡萄属中较原始的类型，山葡萄、燕山葡萄、和麦黄葡萄是较进化的类型，种的分组与进化和地理分布有关。 相似文献
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小麦雄性不育系保持系过氧化物酶同工酶的比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从小麦雄性不育系、保持系的10个不同组织、器官中共检测出8种过氧化物酶,在叶、芽鞘、根、节、节间、穗轴、叶鞘和芒中,不育系和保持系的过氧化物酶基本相同,说明这种酶由细胞核编码,但在花粉粒发育的3个不同时期,不育系与保持系间的过氧化物酶有明显差异,表现为不育系中的过氧化物酶同工酶多于保持系,这可能是由于不育系中细胞质不育基因对核基因的表达有调控作用,这种调控作用表现为不育细胞质基因的去阻遏作用,即不育细胞质基因可以去除细胞核中编码过氧化物酶基因的阻遏作用,使不育系中有更多的过氧化物酶基因得以表达,造成不育系中过氧化物酶同工酶多于保持系的现象. 相似文献
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以国产决明属（Cassia）4种植物为实验材料,采用愈创木酚法和聚丙烯酰胺垂直板凝胶电泳对其抗逆指标和过氧化物酶（POD）同工酶进行测定,分析其系统树与传统决明属系统分类之间的差异。结果表明：发芽1天的过氧化物酶活性和3天的MDA含量差异显著,可作为探讨其亲缘关系的指标之一。发现POD同工酶带12条,4种决明没有共同拥有的条带,决明属植物的特征性酶带主要分布在b区和a区。与传统分类不同,抗逆指标和同工酶分析结果都表明,槐叶决明（Cassia sophera）与豆茶决明（C. nomame）亲缘关系最近,翅荚决明（C. alata）次之,决明（C. tora）与其他种亲缘关系最远,属于另一支。 相似文献
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Interspecific hybrid performance and meiotic chromosome behavior of F1 hybrids were studied to elucidate the genetic relationship between C. tovarii and the other Capsicum species. C. tovarii was hybridized, as a female and a male parent, to C. annuum, C. chinense, C. frutescens, C. chacoense, C. galapogense, C. baccatum, C. praetermissum, C. cardenasii, C. eximium and C. pubescens. When the hybridization of C. baccatum × C. tovarii was performed, F1, F2 and backcross progenies were successfully obtained. In addition, a successful hybridization of C. praetermissum × C. tovarii was also obtained. A cytological investigation of F1 hybrids of C. baccatum × C. tovarii revealed that most meiotic chromosomes paired as bivalents. However, multivalents, chromosome bridges, and chromosome lags
were observed. These results suggest that C. baccatum differs from C. tovarii by at least a chromosomal reciprocal translocation. Crosses of C. tovarii to C. chinense and C. frutescens produced plump seeds, but none of the seeds germinated. Hybridizations of C. tovarii to C. pubescens, C. eximium and C. cardenasii did not produce seed. These hybridization results indicate that C. tovarii is genetically more closely related to the C. baccatum complex than to the C. annuum complex or the C. pubescens complex.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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栽培粟起源的同工酶研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对国内外不同地区来源的831个栽培粟地方品种进行了酯酶同工酶分析。所得酶谱可划分为13个表型。由品种来源地区和地区内各种表型的频率分布来研究各酶谱表型的地理分布。通过酯酶同工酶酶谱表型的遗传多样性分析探讨各地区品种的亲缘远近,比较栽培种与近缘野生种青狗尾草的酶谱表型来论证栽培粟的起源 相似文献
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The resistant reaction to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was found to be determined by a single dominant gene in three Capsicum
chinense Jacq. accessions (‘PI 152225’, ‘PI 159236’, ‘7204’). Allelism studies indicated that all C. chinense lines bear the
same allele located at the Tsw locus. All the inoculated plants in the allelism tests displayed a resistant hypersensitive
phenotype characterized by necrotic local lesions followed by abscission of the inoculated organ. However, a small proportion
of them showed late systemic infection. Nine TSWV isolates obtained from these individual plants with systemic symptoms were
backinoculated to the three resistant parents. All isolates were able to infect systemically all the resistant accessions
without inducing local necrotic lesions. Serological analysis confirmed that these nine viral isolates belong to the TSWV
species (serogroup I). Consequently, the susceptible plants in the allelism tests could not be interpreted as possessing a
recombinant genotype because of the virulence change in the viral strain. Hobbs et al. (1994) already reported the existence
of TSWV pathotypes overcoming the resistance of C. chinense resistant accessions. Practical consequences for pepper breeding
associated with the emergence of these resistance-breaking isolates are discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Awang Maharijaya Ben Vosman Greet Steenhuis-Broers Asep Harpenas Agus Purwito Richard G. F. Visser Roeland E. Voorrips 《Euphytica》2011,177(3):401-410
Thrips are damaging pests in pepper worldwide. They can cause damage directly by feeding on leaves, fruits or flowers, and
also indirectly by transferring viruses, especially tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Although thrips are among the most damaging
pests in pepper, until now there is no commercial variety with a useful level of resistance to thrips. This is at least partly
due to the lack of knowledge on resistance levels in pepper germplasm of QTLs and/or genes for resistance, and of information
about resistance mechanisms to thrips in pepper. This paper describes our research aimed at developing practical and reliable
screening methods for thrips resistance in pepper and at identifying pepper accessions showing a strong resistance to thrips.
Thirty-two pepper accessions from four species of pepper (Capsicum annuum, C. baccatum, C. chinense and C. frutescens) and two species of thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips parvispinus) were used in this study. Our results indicate that the laboratory based leaf disc test and the detached leaf test can be
used as reliable screening methods for thrips resistance in pepper. We observed a large variation for resistance to thrips
in Capsicum that can be exploited in breeding programs. 相似文献
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旨在优选超声波辅助提取干辣椒中辣椒素工艺。以辣椒素得率为考察指标,通过单因素实验初步确定乙醇浓度、提取温度、提取时间和料液比的较优范围,然后通过正交实验以及最佳方案验证性实验,优化筛选了超声波辅助乙醇溶剂提取辣椒素工艺技术。结果表明,超声波辅助提取辣椒素的过程中,各因素对辣椒素得率影响的主次顺序为乙醇浓度＞料液比＞提取时间＞提取温度,最优工艺技术为乙醇浓度95%、提取温度60℃、提取时间45 min、料液比1:35,在该工艺条件下,辣椒素得率为0.87%,显著高于水浴浸提法提取得率0.43%,且验证性实验显示标准差为0.04%,相对偏差0.04%,说明实验重复性、稳定性好。 相似文献
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Nuclear RFLP between pepper cultivars (Capsicum annuum L.) 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Summary Forty one nuclear probes, distributed across the different linkage groups of the previously published map, were used to examine restrition fragment length polymorphism between cultivated peppers. Total DNA from thirteen accessions of Capsicum annuum var. annuum and one accession of C. baccatum var. pendulum was separately cut with ten restriction enzymes. The analyses were restricted to only one enzyme per probe to reduce the polymorphism redundancy. Nei & Li's genetic distances between accessions were calculated from the 141 resultant nuclear DNA restriction fragments. The genetic variation was larger between C. annuum and C. baccatum than between C. annuum cultivars. Large fruited related accessions closely clustered together. Distances between the small fruited cultivars were larger than within the bell pepper group. A correspondence analysis performed on differences between the global RFLP patterns of each accessions of C. annuum revealed the particular genomic structure of four small fruited cultivars: Criollo de Morelos 334, H3, Perennial and Doux Long des Landes. The percentage of probes revealing at least one RFLP with at least one enzyme ranged from zero to fifty percent for all the pairwise comparisons of C. annuum accessions. 82 presumptive loci were detected with a mean number of 1.46 alleles per locus within C. annuum and 1.83 within all the accessions. This result indicates that molecular markers will be more usable in intraspecific study of C. annuum than isozyme markers. 相似文献