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1.
K. Sjstrand G. Wess I. Ljungvall J. Hggstrm A‐C. Merveille M. Wiberg V. Gouni J. Lundgren Willesen S. Hans A‐S. Lequarr L. Mejer Srensen J. Wolf L. Tiret M. Kierczak S. Forsberg K. McEntee G. Battaille E. Seppl K. Lindblad‐Toh M. Georges Hannes Lohi V. Chetboul M. Fredholm K. Hglund 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(2):451-457
Background
Measurement of plasma concentration of natriuretic peptides (NPs) is suggested to be of value in diagnosis of cardiac disease in dogs, but many factors other than cardiac status may influence their concentrations. Dog breed potentially is 1 such factor.Objective
To investigate breed variation in plasma concentrations of pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide 31‐67 (proANP 31‐67) and N‐terminal B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) in healthy dogs.Animals
535 healthy, privately owned dogs of 9 breeds were examined at 5 centers as part of the European Union (EU) LUPA project.Methods
Absence of cardiovascular disease or other clinically relevant organ‐related or systemic disease was ensured by thorough clinical investigation. Plasma concentrations of proANP 31‐67 and NT‐proBNP were measured by commercially available ELISA assays.Results
Overall significant breed differences were found in proANP 31‐67 (P < .0001) and NT‐proBNP (P < .0001) concentrations. Pair‐wise comparisons between breeds differed in approximately 50% of comparisons for proANP 31‐67 as well as NT‐proBNP concentrations, both when including all centers and within each center. Interquartile range was large for many breeds, especially for NT‐proBNP. Among included breeds, Labrador Retrievers and Newfoundlands had highest median NT‐proBNP concentrations with concentrations 3 times as high as those of Dachshunds. German Shepherds and Cavalier King Charles Spaniels had the highest median proANP 31‐67 concentrations, twice the median concentration in Doberman Pinschers.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Considerable interbreed variation in plasma NP concentrations was found in healthy dogs. Intrabreed variation was large in several breeds, especially for NT‐proBNP. Additional studies are needed to establish breed‐specific reference ranges. 相似文献2.
A.N.K. Floras M.K. Holowaychuk D.C. Hodgins H.S. Marr A. Birkenheuer S. Sharif A.M.E. Bersenas D. Bienzle 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(2):599-602
Background
Rapid identification of sepsis enables prompt administration of antibiotics and is essential to improve patient survival. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a biomarker used to diagnose sepsis in people. Commercial assays to measure canine PCT peptide have not been validated.Objective
To investigate the validity of a commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) marketed for the measurement of canine PCT.Animals
Three dogs with sepsis, 1 healthy dog, 1 dog with thyroid carcinoma.Methods
Experimental study. The ELISA''s ability to detect recombinant and native canine PCT was investigated and intra‐assay and interassay coefficients of variability were calculated. Assay validation including mass spectrometry of the kit standard solution was performed.Results
The ELISA did not consistently detect recombinant canine PCT. Thyroid lysate yielded a positive ELISA signal. Intra‐assay variability ranged from 18.9 to 77.4%, while interassay variability ranged from 56.1 to 79.5%. Mass spectrometry of the standard solution provided with the evaluated ELISA kit did not indicate presence of PCT.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
The results of this investigation do not support the use of this ELISA for the detection of PCT in dogs. 相似文献3.
M. Campos R. Ducatelle H.S. Kooistra G. Rutteman L. Duchateau I. Polis S. Daminet 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(2):564-570
Background
Thyroid carcinoma is a common endocrine tumor in the dog. Local invasive growth frequently precludes surgical excision and, in up to 38% of dogs, the tumor has already metastasized by the time of diagnosis. Therefore, it is important to investigate new treatment modalities that may be useful for the large number of dogs with inoperable tumors or metastatic disease.Hypothesis/Objectives
To investigate the immunohistochemical expression of potential therapeutic targets in canine thyroid tumors.Animals
74 dogs with thyroid neoplasia.Methods
Immunohistochemistry was performed for thyroglobulin, calcitonin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), p53, cycloxygenase‐2 (cox‐2), and P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp).Results
Fifty‐four (73%) tumors were classified as follicular cell thyroid carcinomas (FTCs) and 20 (27%) as medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs). Eighty percent of FTCs and all MTCs had a high percentage (76–100%) of neoplastic cells immunopositive for VEGF. Thirteen percent of FTCs and 50% of MTCs expressed cox‐2. Seven percent of FTCs and 70% of MTCs expressed P‐gp. No tumor was immunopositive for p53 expression. Expression of VEGF (P = .034), cox‐2 (P = .013), and P‐gp (P < .001) was significantly higher in MTCs compared to FTCs.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
VEGF is a potential therapeutic target in both FTC and MTC in dogs. Cox‐2 and P‐gp may be useful molecular targets in canine MTC. 相似文献4.
The Clinical and Serological Effect of a Gluten‐Free Diet in Border Terriers with Epileptoid Cramping Syndrome 
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下载免费PDF全文 M. Lowrie O.A. Garden M. Hadjivassiliou R.J. Harvey D.S. Sanders R. Powell L. Garosi 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2015,29(6):1564-1568
Background
Canine epileptoid cramping syndrome (CECS) is a paroxysmal movement disorder of Border Terriers (BTs). These dogs might respond to a gluten‐free diet.Objectives
The objective of this study was to examine the clinical and serological effect of a gluten‐free diet in BTs with CECS.Animals
Six client‐owned BTs with clinically confirmed CECS.Methods
Dogs were prospectively recruited that had at least a 6‐month history of CECS based on the observed phenomenology (using video) and had exhibited at least 2 separate episodes on different days. Dogs were tested for anti‐transglutaminase 2 (TG2 IgA) and anti‐gliadin (AGA IgG) antibodies in the serum at presentation, and 3, 6, and 9 months after the introduction of a gluten‐free diet. Duodenal biopsies were performed in 1 dog.Results
Serum TG2 IgA titers were increased in 6/6 BTs (P = .006) and AGA IgG titers were increased in 5/6 BTs at presentation compared to those of controls (P = .018). After 9 months, there was clinical and serological improvement in all BTs with CECS strictly adhering to a gluten‐free diet (5/5). One dog had persistently increased antibody titers. This dog scavenged horse manure. On the strict introduction of a gluten‐free diet this dog also had an improved clinical and serological response. The diet‐associated improvement was reversible in 2 dogs on completion of the study, both of which suffered a relapse of CECS on the re‐introduction of gluten.Conclusions
Canine epileptoid cramping syndrome in BTs is a gluten‐sensitive movement disorder triggered and perpetuated by gluten and thus responsive to a gluten‐free diet. 相似文献5.
E.E. Warry J.L. Willcox S.E. Suter 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(2):529-537
Background
Peripheral blood hematopoietic cell transplantation (PBHCT) is a feasible treatment option for dogs with B‐cell lymphoma.Objective
To examine apheresis and PBHCT outcomes in dogs diagnosed with T‐cell lymphoma (TCL).Animals
Fifteen client‐owned dogs diagnosed with high‐grade TCL.Methods
After high‐dose cyclophosphamide and rhG‐colony‐stimulating (rhG‐CSF) factor treatment, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected using cell separators. The harvested cells then were infused after varying doses of total body irradiation (TBI). Postirradiation adverse effects were managed symptomatically and dogs were discharged upon evidence of hematopoietic engraftment.Results
More than 2 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg were harvested from 15/15 dogs. Thirteen of 15 (87%) dogs engrafted appropriately, whereas 2 (13%) of the dogs died in the hospital. One dog developed cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma 120 days post‐PBHCT. The median disease‐free interval and overall survival (OS) of the 13 dogs transplanted in first remission from the time of PBHCT were 184 and 240 days, respectively. Stage and substage of disease at diagnosis had no effect on OS. Two of 13 (15%) dogs were alive 741 and 772 days post‐PBHCT.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
PBHCT may be considered as a treatment option for dogs with TCL. 相似文献6.
L. Galeandro N.S. Sieber‐Ruckstuhl B. Riond S. Hartnack R. Hofmann‐Lehmann C.E. Reusch F.S. Boretti 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(5):1433-1441
Background
Determination of the urinary corticoid‐to‐creatinine ratio (UCCR) is an important screening test in the diagnosis of hypercortisolism (HC). However, urinary cortisol metabolites interfere with cortisol measurement in immunoassays, leading to decreased specificity. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) is considered the gold standard for steroid hormone analysis, because it provides a high level of selectivity and accuracy.Objectives
To prospectively compare the UCCR of healthy dogs and dogs with HC determined by 5 different immunoassays and by GC‐MS and to evaluate the influence of veterinary care on UCCR.Animals
Twenty healthy dogs; 18 dogs with HC.Methods
Urine was collected in the hospital and again after 6 days at home. Three chemiluminescence immunoassays (Access 2, Beckmann; Immulite 2000, DPC Siemens, with and without trichloromethane extraction) and 2 RIAs (Utrecht in house; Access Beckmann) were used. GC‐MS analyses were performed with Agilent 6890N/5973N. Urinary corticoid concentrations were related to urinary creatinine concentrations.Results
Immunoassay results were significantly higher compared to GC‐MS results. Evaluation of bias plots and clinical assessment made on the basis of the assay results of each dog indicated substantial disagreement among the assays. Sensitivity varied from 37.5 to 75% and with selected assays was lower in samples from day 6 compared to day 0. GC‐MS was not superior to the immunoassays in discriminating healthy from HC dogs.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Considerable variation must be anticipated comparing different urinary cortisol assays. Establishing an assay‐ and laboratory‐specific reference range is critical when using UCCR. 相似文献7.
F. Tablin T. Schumacher M. Pombo C.T. Marion K. Huang J.W. Norris K.E. Jandrey M.D. Kittleson 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(2):411-418
Background
Cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are at risk for development of systemic thromboembolic disease. However, the relationship between platelet activation state and cardiovascular parameters associated with HCM is not well described.Objectives
To characterize platelet activation by flow cytometric evaluation of platelet P‐selectin and semiquantitative Western blot analysis of soluble platelet‐endothelial cell adhesion molecule‐1 (sPECAM‐1).Animals
Eight normal healthy cats (controls) owned by staff and students of the School of Veterinary Medicine and 36 cats from the UC Davis Feline HCM Research Laboratory were studied.Methods
Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) was used for all flow cytometry studies. Platelet surface CD41 and P‐selectin expression were evaluated before and after ADP stimulation. sPECAM‐1 expression was evaluated by Western blot analysis of platelet‐poor plasma that had been stabilized with aprotinin. Standard echocardiographic studies were performed.Results
Resting platelets from cats with severe HCM had increased P‐selectin expression compared to controls, and expressed higher surface density of P‐selectin reflected by their increased mean fluorescence intensities (MFI). Stimulation with ADP also resulted in significantly increased P‐selectin MFI of platelets from cats with severe HCM. Increased P‐selectin expression and MFI correlated with the presence of a heart murmur and end‐systolic cavity obliteration (ESCO). sPECAM‐1 expression from cats with moderate and severe HCM was significantly increased above those of control cats.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
P‐selectin and sPECAM expression may be useful biomarkers indicating increased platelet activation in cats with HCM. 相似文献8.
9.
E.M. Oxford C.G. Danko P.R Fox B.G. Kornreich N.S. Moïse 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(1):92-101
Background
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited myocardial disease with high prevalence in the Boxer dog population. It is characterized by replacement of the myocardium with fatty or fibro‐fatty tissue. Several mechanisms for the development of ARVC have been suggested, including dysfunction of the canonical Wnt pathway, which is linked to many cellular functions, including growth and differentiation of adipocytes.Hypothesis
Wnt pathway dysfunction is involved in the development of ARVC in the Boxer as evidenced by mislocalization of β‐catenin, an integral Wnt pathway modulator, and striatin, a known Wnt pathway component.Animals
Five dogs without ARVC and 15 Boxers with ARVC were identified by 24‐hour Holter monitoring and histopathologic examination of the heart.Methods
Right ventricular samples were collected and examined using confocal microscopy, Western blots, and quantitative (q) PCR.Results
Confocal microscopy indicated that β‐catenin localized at sites of cell‐to‐cell apposition, and striatin localized in a diffuse intracellular pattern in hearts without ARVC. In hearts affected with ARVC, both β‐catenin and striatin were colocalized with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) marker calreticulin. Western blots indentified a 50% increase in the amount of β‐catenin in ARVC samples. No change in β catenin mRNA was detected using qPCR.Conclusions
Our data suggest that trafficking of Wnt pathway proteins from the ER to their proper location within the cell is inhibited in Boxers with ARVC. These results suggest that disturbances in the Wnt pathway may play a role in the development of ARVC in the Boxer. 相似文献10.
D. Gilliam D.P. O'Brien J.R. Coates G.S. Johnson G.C. Johnson T. Mhlanga‐Mutangadura L. Hansen J.F. Taylor R.D. Schnabel 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(3):871-877
Background
Juvenile‐onset spinocerebellar ataxia has been recognized in Jack Russell Terriers and related Russell group terriers (RGTs) for over 40 years. Ataxia occurs with varying combinations of myokymia, seizures, and other signs of neurologic disease. More than 1 form of the disease has been suspected.Hypothesis/Objectives
The objective was to identify the mutation causing the spinocerebellar ataxia associated with myokymia, seizures, or both and distinguish the phenotype from other ataxias in the RGTs.Animals
DNA samples from 16 RGTs with spinocerebellar ataxia beginning from 2 to 12 months of age, 640 control RGTs, and 383 dogs from 144 other breeds along with the medical records of affected dogs were studied.Methods
This case‐control study compared the frequencies of a KCNJ10 allele in RGTs with spinocerebellar ataxia versus control RGTs. This allele was identified in a whole‐genome sequence of a single RGT with spinocerebellar ataxia and myokymia by comparison to whole‐genome sequences from 81 other canids that were normal or had other diseases.Results
A missense mutation in the gene coding for the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir4.1 (KCNJ10:c.627C>G) was significantly (P < .001) associated with the disease. Dogs homozygous for the mutant allele all had spinocerebellar ataxia with varying combinations of myokymia and seizures.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Identification of the KCNJ10 mutation in dogs with spinocerebellar ataxia with myokymia, seizures, or both clarifies the multiple forms of ataxia seen in these breeds and provides a DNA test to identify carriers. 相似文献11.
R. Gonalves H. Volk P.M. Smith J. Penderis L. Garosi E. MacKillop A. de Stefani G. Cherubini J.F. McConnell 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(4):1275-1279
Background
Corpus callosal abnormalities (CCA) in dogs have been only sporadically reported and are poorly characterized.Hypothesis/Objectives
To describe the clinical presentation and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of dogs with CCA.Animals
Fifteen client‐owned dogs.Methods
Retrospective study. Records of the contributing institutions were reviewed to identify dogs diagnosed with malformations affecting the corpus callosum (CC); cases in which the CCA was thought to be secondary were excluded.Results
The most represented breeds were Staffordshire Bull Terriers (5/15) and Miniature Schnauzers (3/15; n = 3, 20%) and the mean age at time of presentation of 19 months (range 3–81 months). The clinical signs most commonly reported were adipsia/hypodipsia with associated hypernatremia (12/15), tremors (6/15), and seizures (6/15). Review of the MR images revealed that 10 dogs had absence of the rostral CC and hypoplasia of the caudal portion, 4 dogs had a diffusely hypoplastic and dysplastic CC, and 1 dog had a diffusely hypoplastic CC. In 14 cases, there was abnormal cortical development with fusion of the ventral frontal lobes and part of the diencephalon, indicating lobar holoprosencephaly.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Previous literature has mainly associated CCA with adipsia and only 12 of 15 dogs in the current series demonstrated this abnormality. There are different degrees of the malformation but in 10 dogs the rostral portion of the CC is most severely affected. Fourteen dogs have simultaneous fusion of the midline structures rostral to the CC; this region has several structures involved in thirst regulation and might explain this derangement. 相似文献12.
A.M.W.Y. Voorbij P.A. Leegwater H.S. Kooistra 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(6):1770-1774
Background
Pituitary dwarfism in German Shepherd Dogs is associated with autosomal recessive inheritance and a mutation in LHX3, resulting in combined pituitary hormone deficiency. Congenital dwarfism also is encountered in breeds related to German Shepherd Dogs, such as Saarloos and Czechoslovakian wolfdogs.Objectives
To investigate whether Saarloos and Czechoslovakian wolfdog dwarfs have the same LHX3 mutation as do Germans Shepherd Dog dwarfs. A specific aim was to determine the carrier frequency among Saarloos and Czechoslovakian wolfdogs used for breeding.Animals
Two client‐owned Saarloos wolfdogs and 4 client‐owned Czechoslovakian wolfdogs with pituitary dwarfism, 239 clinically healthy client‐owned Saarloos wolfdogs, and 200 client‐owned clinically healthy Czechoslovakian wolfdogs.Methods
Genomic DNA was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the Saarloos and Czechoslovakian wolfdog dwarfs, PCR products were analyzed by sequencing. DNA fragment length analysis was performed on the samples from the clinically healthy dogs.Results
Saarloos and Czechoslovakian wolfdog dwarfs have the same 7 bp deletion in intron 5 of LHX3 as do German Shepherd Dog dwarfs. The frequency of carriers of this mutation among clinically healthy Saarloos and Czechoslovakian wolfdogs used for breeding was 31% and 21%, respectively.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
An LHX3 mutation is associated with pituitary dwarfism in Saarloos and Czechoslovakian wolfdogs. The rather high frequency of carriers of the mutated gene in the 2 breeds emphasizes the need for screening before breeding. If all breeding animals were genetically tested for the presence of the LHX3 mutation and a correct breeding policy would be implemented, this disease could be eradicated completely. 相似文献13.
A. Niedzwiedz Z. Jaworski 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(6):1845-1852
Background
Systemic oxidative stress in horses with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is poorly characterized.Objectives
The goal of this study was to investigate whether equine RAO is associated with systemic disturbances in the oxidant‐antioxidant equilibrium.Animals
Seven healthy horses and 7 horses with symptomatic RAO.Methods
A prospective study. Healthy and RAO‐affected horses were exposed to a 48‐hour challenge with moldy hay and straw to induce clinical exacerbation of RAO. Venous blood was collected and the activities of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) in equine erythrocyte lysates were measured. The concentration of thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARSs) was assessed both in erythrocyte lysates and in plasma.Results
A significant increase in the activities of GPx and SOD was detected in RAO‐affected horses compared with the control animals. There was no significant difference between groups in terms of the erythrocyte lysate activities of CAT, GR, or TBARs or the plasma concentration of TBARs.Conclusion and Clinical Importance
Our results support the hypothesis that RAO in horses is associated with systemic oxidative stress. Future studies are needed to assess whether horses suffering from RAO can benefit from antioxidant supplementation. 相似文献14.
E.J. Ives N. Rousset N. Heliczer M.E. Herrtage A.E. Vanhaesebrouck 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(2):522-528
Background
No evidence‐based guidelines are available for the administration of gadolinium‐based contrast media to veterinary patients.Objective
To investigate whether administration of intravenous (IV) contrast media alters the likelihood of identifying a brain lesion in dogs and cats.Animals
Four hundred and eighty‐seven client‐owned animals referred for investigation of intracranial disease.Methods
Two reviewers retrospectively analyzed precontrast transverse and sagittal T1‐weighted (T1W), T2‐weighted, and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery low‐field MRI sequences from each patient for the presence of a clinically relevant brain lesion. All sequences subsequently were reviewed in the same manner with additional access to postcontrast T1W images.Results
Of the 487 precontrast MRI studies, 312 were judged to be normal by 1 or both reviewers. Of these 312 studies, a previously undetected lesion was identified in only 6 cases (1.9%) based on changes observed on postcontrast sequences. Final diagnoses included meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (n = 1), feline infectious peritonitis (n = 1), and neoplasia (n = 2). All 4 of these cases had persistent neurological deficits suggestive of an underlying brain lesion. Contrast enhancement observed in the 2 other cases was considered falsely positive based on the results of further investigations.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
In patients with normal neurological examination and normal precontrast MRI, the subsequent administration of IV gadolinium‐based contrast media is highly unlikely to disclose a previously unidentified lesion, calling into question the routine administration of contrast media to these patients. However, administration still should be considered in animals with persistent neurological deficits suggestive of an underlying inflammatory or neoplastic brain lesion. 相似文献15.
H. Okanishi R. Yoshioka Y. Kagawa T. Watari 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(3):809-817
Background
Intestinal lymphangiectasia (IL), a type of protein‐losing enteropathy (PLE), is a dilatation of lymphatic vessels within the gastrointestinal tract. Dietary fat restriction previously has been proposed as an effective treatment for dogs with PLE, but limited objective clinical data are available on the efficacy of this treatment.Hypothesis/Objectives
To investigate the clinical efficacy of dietary fat restriction in dogs with IL that were unresponsive to prednisolone treatment or showed relapse of clinical signs and hypoalbuminemia when the prednisolone dosage was decreased.Animals
Twenty‐four dogs with IL.Methods
Retrospective study. Body weight, clinical activity score, and hematologic and biochemical variables were compared before and 1 and 2 months after treatment. Furthermore, the data were compared between the group fed only an ultra low‐fat (ULF) diet and the group fed ULF and a low‐fat (LF) diet.Results
Nineteen of 24 (79%) dogs responded satisfactorily to dietary fat restriction, and the prednisolone dosage could be decreased. Clinical activity score was significantly decreased after dietary treatment compared with before treatment. In addition, albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration were significantly increased after dietary fat restriction. At 2 months posttreatment, the ALB concentrations in the ULF group were significantly higher than that of the ULF + LF group.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Dietary fat restriction appears to be an effective treatment in dogs with IL that are unresponsive to prednisolone treatment or that have recurrent clinical signs and hypoalbuminemia when the dosage of prednisolone is decreased. 相似文献16.
S. Zaldívar‐López M.C. Iazbik L.M. Marín C.G. Couto 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(1):211-214
Background
Despite the popularity of canine blood donor (BD) programs, there is scarce scientific information regarding iron status in this canine population of dogs.Objective
To assess iron status in dogs used in a blood donor program.Animals
A total of 130 healthy dogs (75 BD, 55 controls [C]) were included. A subset of dogs (n = 12) were used to evaluate the effects of repetitive donations by having a second and more recent sample analyzed.Methods
Serum iron concentration (SI), unsaturated iron‐binding capacity (UIBC), total iron‐binding capacity (TIBC), and percentage transferrin saturation (%SAT) were obtained. Values were compared using a 2‐way ANOVA (factors: BD status, breed). For the subset of BD, the first sample (less frequent donors ‐LD‐, after a mean of 3.8 donations) was compared to a second sample (experienced donors ‐ED‐, mean 13.6 donations) using a paired t‐test.Results
SI (183.7 ± 55.3 μg/dL) and %SAT (55.7 ± 17.4%) were higher and UIBC (152.6 ± 73.3 μg/dL) was lower in BD dogs than in C (153.9 ± 51.7 μg/dL, 43.8 ± 17.8%, and 224.1 ± 120.6 μg/dL, respectively). Also, UIBC and TIBC were lower, and %SAT higher in Greyhounds when compared with non‐Greyhounds. ED had decreased %SAT and increased UIBC and TIBC when compared with LD.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Our canine BD population did not have iron deficiency and had higher SI concentration than C. However, ED (~14 consecutive blood donations every ~8 weeks) developed a mild iron deficiency, although values were still within canine reference intervals. Greyhounds have higher %SAT than non‐Greyhounds, which might be a breed‐specific peculiarity. 相似文献17.
L. Wang E.A. Pawlak P.J. Johnson J.K. Belknap D. Alfandari S.J. Black 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(1):215-222
Background
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are hypothesized to degrade structurally important components of the laminar extracellular matrix (ECM) in horses with laminitis.Objective
To compare levels of expression of stromelysin‐1 (MMP‐3), collagenases (MMP‐1, ‐13), and membrane type‐MMPs (MMP‐14, ‐15, ‐16), and the distribution of their ECM substrates, in laminae of healthy horses and horses with carbohydrate overload laminitis.Animals
Twenty‐five adult horses.Methods
Gene and protein expression were determined in extracts of laminae using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting after sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Distribution of MMP‐13 and ECM components was determined using indirect immunofluorescent microscopy of nonfixed frozen sections. ECM morphology was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Results
Of the genes studied, only those encoding MMP‐1 and ‐13 were upregulated in CHO‐induced laminitis; MMP‐1 at Obel grade (OG)1 lameness and MMP‐13 at OG3 lameness. Laminar MMP‐1 was present as 52 kDa proenzyme only. MMP‐13 was present as pro‐ (61 kDa) and processed (48 kDa) enzyme. MMP‐13 localized to the basal epithelium of the secondary epidermal laminae and its increased expression were accompanied by the appearance in secondary dermal laminae (SDL) of multiple foci that were devoid of collagen I, fibronectin, chondroitin and keratan sulfate glycosaminoglycans, and eosin‐staining material.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
MMP‐13 is upregulated in laminae of horses with CHO‐induced OG3 lameness and, by degrading components of the ECM, may contribute to the formation of ECM‐free lesions (gaps or tears) that appear in the SDL with OG3 lameness. 相似文献18.
J.H. Rose M. Kwiatkowska E.R. Henderson N. Granger J.K. Murray T.R. Harcourt‐Brown 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(4):1199-1202
Background
Steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis (SRMA) is an inflammatory disease of dogs that is suspected to be immune‐mediated. The development of other immune‐mediated diseases has been linked to vaccinations, time of the year, geographic location, sex, neuter status, and breed.Hypothesis/Objectives
To identify if the development of SRMA is associated with time of year, vaccination, geographic location, sex, neuter status, and breed.Animals
Sixty SRMA cases and 180 controls, all ≤24 months of age and matched for year of presentation, from a referral hospital population in the United Kingdom.Methods
Retrospective case‐control study with unconditional logistic regression analysis.Results
Beagles (P = .001), Border Collies (P = .001), Boxers (P = .032), Jack Russell Terriers (P = .001), Weimaraners (P = .048), and Whippets (P < .001) had significantly greater odds of developing SRMA in this population of dogs. Vaccination, time of year, geographic category, sex, and neuter status did not increase the odds of developing SRMA.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Only breed increased the odds of developing SRMA. It would be prudent to investigate the genetics of the identified breeds to help elucidate the etiopathogenesis of SRMA. 相似文献19.
20.
M.E. Baumstark N.S. Sieber‐Ruckstuhl C. Müller M. Wenger F.S. Boretti C.E. Reusch 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(1):154-159