共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 32 毫秒
1.
Antiobesity effects and improvement of insulin sensitivity by 1-deoxynojirimycin in animal models 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Kong WH Oh SH Ahn YR Kim KW Kim JH Seo SW 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(8):2613-2619
The alpha-glucosidase inhibitor 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) is one of the simplest naturally occurring carbohydrate mimics, with promising biological activity in vivo. Although there is considerable interest in the pharmacological effects of DNJ, the antidiabetic effects of DNJ in type 2 diabetes mellitus have received little attention. In this work, DNJ was isolated from the silkworm (Bombyx mori), and its antidiabetic effects were evaluated in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, an established animal model of human type 2 diabetes mellitus, and in control Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats. DNJ treatment showed significant antidiabetic effects in OLETF rats, with significant improvements in fasting blood glucose levels and glucose tolerance and, especially, increased insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, there was significant loss of body weight in both groups. DNJ also showed significant antihyperglycemic effects in streptozotocin- and high-fat-diet-induced hyperglycemic rats. Its efficacy and dose profiles were better than those of acarbose, a typical alpha-glucosidase inhibitor in clinical use. Furthermore, a substantial fraction of DNJ was absorbed into the bloodstream within a few minutes of oral administration. DNJ was also detected in the urine. These findings suggest that its postprandial hypoglycemic effect in the gastrointestinal tract is a possible but insufficient mechanism of action underlying the antidiabetic effects of DNJ. Its antiobesity effect and improvement of insulin sensitivity are other possible antidiabetic effects of DNJ. 相似文献
2.
Insulin-like biological activity of culinary and medicinal plant aqueous extracts in vitro 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Broadhurst CL Polansky MM Anderson RA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(3):849-852
To evaluate the possible effects on insulin function, 49 herb, spice, and medicinal plant extracts were tested in the insulin-dependent utilization of glucose using a rat epididymal adipocyte assay. Cinnamon was the most bioactive product followed by witch hazel, green and black teas, allspice, bay leaves, nutmeg, cloves, mushrooms, and brewer's yeast. The glucose oxidation enhancing bioactivity was lost from cinnamon, tea, witch hazel, cloves, bay leaf and allspice by poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) treatment, indicating that the active phytochemicals are likely to be phenolic in nature. The activity of sage, mushrooms, and brewers's yeast was not removed by PVP. Some products such as Korean ginseng, flaxseed meal, and basil have been reported to be effective antidiabetic agents; however, they were only marginally active in our assay. Our technique measures direct stimulation of cellular glucose metabolism, so it may be that the active phytochemicals in these plants improve glucose metabolism via other mechanisms or that this in vitro screening is not a reliable predictor of hypoglycemic effects in vivo for some products. In summary, the positive effects of specific plant extracts on insulin activity suggest a possible role of these plants in improving glucose and insulin metabolism. 相似文献
3.
为建立方便、可靠、重复性好的胰岛素抵抗细胞模型,研究胰岛素受体底物-2(IRS-2)蛋白磷酸化与胰岛素抵抗的关系以及不同铬制剂对细胞葡萄糖代谢的作用。试验采用高胰岛素、高糖联合诱导Hep G2细胞建立胰岛素抵抗模型,通过葡萄糖氧化酶法及噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)分析受试物对细胞葡萄糖代谢及活性的影响,优化最佳造模条件;同时,利用蛋白免疫印迹法(WB)分析IRS-2的蛋白表达及其蛋白磷酸化,验证模型的胰岛素抵抗性。在此基础上,将模型应用于分析葡萄糖耐量因子(GTF)及其它铬制剂的降糖效果。结果表明,高胰岛素(10-6mol·L~(-1))和高糖培养基(25 mmol·L~(-1))处理细胞48h,细胞存活率达96%,与对照组相比,葡萄糖消耗量降低了5.7%,IRS-2含量减少31.02%,胰岛素抵抗效果显著,且该胰岛素抵抗模型可稳定维持48 h。相比于吡啶酸铬和三氯化铬,GTF对细胞葡萄糖代谢有显著的改善作用,其最佳作用浓度为1.0μg·m L-1。利用HepG2细胞建立体外胰岛素抵抗模型,方法简单可靠、重复性好,可广泛应用于天然活性物质的降糖功能研究。 相似文献
4.
AS Cheng YH Cheng CH Chiou TL Chang 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(36):9180-9187
Oxidative stress can result in insulin resistance, a primary cause of type-2 diabetes. Methylglyoxal (MG), a highly reactive dicarbonyl metabolite generated during glucose metabolism, has also been confirmed to cause pancreatic injury and induce inflammation, thereby resulting in insulin resistance. Recently, resveratrol has been reported to exert antioxidant properties, protecting cells from the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to evaluate resveratrol activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to attenuate MG-induced insulin resistance in Hep G2 cells. Therefore, the molecular signaling events affecting resveratrol-mediated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and glyoxalase expression levels were further investigated in this study. Our findings indicated that resveratrol activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway but not the p38 or c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways, subsequently leading to Nrf2 nuclear translocation and elevation of HO-1 and glyoxalase expression levels. Moreover, resveratrol significantly elevated glucose uptake and protected against MG-induced insulin resistance in Hep G2 cells. In contrast, depletion of Nrf2 by small interfering RNA (si-RNA) resulted in the abrogation of HO-1 and glyoxalase expression in the MG-treated resveratrol group in Hep G2 cells. Administration of an appropriate chemopreventive agent, such as resveratrol, may be an alternative strategy for protecting against MG-induced diabetes. 相似文献
5.
Inoue N Nagao K Wang YM Noguchi H Shirouchi B Yanagita T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(20):7935-7939
6.
为探究枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica)叶用于防治Ⅱ型糖尿病的作用机理,本研究采用网络药理学与分子对接技术,利用TCMSP、Uniprot、Genecards、Venny 2.1.0、DAVID 等数据库检索枇杷叶与Ⅱ型糖尿病的共同靶点,绘制相互作用关系网络图,并进行基因本体论(GO)及京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析;通过AutoDock Tools进行分子对接验证。从TCMSP数据库收集得到19种活性成分和294个相关靶点,通过Venny 2.1.0数据库得到89个Ⅱ型糖尿病与枇杷叶活性成分的交集靶点,对应表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)、槲皮素、山奈酚、β-谷甾醇等10个活性物质,进而构建了“活性成分-疾病靶点”网络图。研究发现,枇杷叶活性成分主要通过调节氧化应激反应、丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶活性、对脂多糖反应和上皮细胞增殖等来调控晚期糖基化产物-晚期糖基化终产物受体(AGE-RAGE)、缺氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)和蛋白磷脂酰肌醇激酶-蛋白激酶B(PI3K-Akt)等信号通路,从而对Ⅱ型糖尿病发挥调节作用。与α-葡萄糖苷酶的分子对接结果表明,主要活性成分与靶点结合能均小于-9.0 kcal·mol-1,具有非常强烈的结合活性。通过体外酶活性试验测得EGCG、槲皮素、山奈酚等7个活性成分对α-葡萄糖苷酶的半抑制浓度为1.11~80.04 μmol·L-1,抑制效果均优于阿卡波糖,可作为高效α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂,是枇杷叶防治Ⅱ型糖尿病的主要活性成分。本研究结果为开发降血糖药物提供了研究思路。 相似文献
7.
Amelioration of obesity and glucose intolerance in high-fat-fed C57BL/6 mice by anthocyanins and ursolic acid in Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas) 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Jayaprakasam B Olson LK Schutzki RE Tai MH Nair MG 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(1):243-248
Much attention has been focused on food that may be beneficial in preventing diet-induced body fat accumulation and possibly reduce the risk of diabetes and heart disease. Cornelian cherries (Cornus mas) are used in the preparation of beverages in Europe and also to treat diabetes-related disorders in Asia. In this study, the most abundant bioactive compounds in C. mas fruits, the anthocyanins and ursolic acid, were purified, and their ability to ameliorate obesity and insulin resistance in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet was evaluated. Mice were initially fed a high-fat diet for 4 weeks and then switched to a high-fat diet containing anthocyanins (1 g/kg of high-fat diet) and ursolic acid (500 mg/kg of high-fat diet) for an additional 8 weeks. The high-fat diet induced glucose intolerance, and this was prevented by anthocyanins and ursolic acid. The anthocyanin-treated mice showed a 24% decrease in weight gain. These mice also showed decreased lipid accumulation in the liver, including a significant decrease in liver triacylglycerol concentration. Anthocyanin and ursolic acid treated mice exhibited extremely elevated insulin levels. Both treatments, however, showed preserved islet architecture and insulin staining. Overall, these data suggest that anthocyanins and ursolic acid purified from C. mas fruits have biological activities that improve certain metabolic parameters associated with diets high in saturated fats and obesity. 相似文献
8.
Donya A Hettiarachchy N Liyanage R Lay J Chen P Jalaluddin M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(14):5827-5833
Bitter melon (Mormodica charantia L.) has been associated with health benefits such as hypoglycemic, antiatherogenic, and anti-HIV activities. The vegetable, however, has an unpleasant bitter taste. The purpose of this research was to establish the effect of various processing methods on the moisture, lipid, and protein content of the Sri Lanka variety of bitter melon and to determine the effect of the processing methods on momordicosides K and L contents. The processing methods used were frying, blanching, sun drying, oven drying, freeze drying, and bitter masking with five different commercial bitter masking agents. Moisture, lipid, and protein analyses were done using standard AACC methods. Drying decreased moisture content from 92% to 9.5-10.2%. Frying lowered moisture content to 0.8% while increasing lipid content from 3.6 to 67%. Protein content remained unaffected by treatments. A liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC/ESI/MS) method was used to identify momordicosides K and L in methanolic extracts of fresh and processed samples. Only extracted ion chromatographs for blanched bitter melon and bitter melon with MY 68 agent showed the absence of momordicosides K and L. 相似文献
9.
Scott V. Harding Joanne Storsley Sijo J. Thandapilly Nancy P. Ames 《Cereal Chemistry》2013,90(5):474-479
Consumption of whole grains such as barley is known to inversely correlate with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and other chronic diseases. However, data from randomized controlled trials in humans have not produced consistent results. Compositional differences between foods produced from different whole grains are likely to be a main reason for these discrepancies. The purpose of this study was to determine if varying barley flour composition achieved through milling influenced the postprandial glucose and insulin response. Specifically, this study aimed to test barley foods in the form of chips with very low hydration, thereby mimicking human snack foods. Fasted rats (N = 39) were randomized to one of four barley treatments, all produced from a single variety, Hordeum vulgare L. ‘CDC Fibar.’ The treatments used were straight‐grade flour (SGF), whole grain flour (WGF), bran flour with high β‐glucan (BF‐BG), bran flour with high insoluble dietary fiber, and wheat flour (WF) as the control. Blood was sampled over 120 min following treatment consumption to measure postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations. Our data showed that although there were no substantial glycemic or insulin effects following one‐time consumption of barley tortilla chips with specific compositions, those rats consuming WGF, SGF, or BF‐BG tended to have lower 30 min serum insulin concentrations compared with those rats consuming WF. 相似文献
10.
Diabetes is an emerging health problem worldwide. The incidence of type 2 diabetes has dramatically increased and is expected to increase more rapidly in the future. Most patients with type 2 diabetes suffer from obesity and diabetes-related complications, including cardiovascular disease and hepatic steatosis. It has been proposed that simple sugar consumption is one of the major risk factors in the development of diabetes. Hence, the replacement of sugars with a low glycemic response would be an effective strategy to prevent type 2 diabetes. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that D-psicose, which has 70% the sweetness of sucrose and no calories, is a functional sugar exerting several health benefits preventing the development of diabetes. Although D-psicose presents in small amounts in natural products, a recent new technique using biocatalyst sources enables large-scale D-psicose production. More importantly, several clinical and animal studies demonstrated that D-psicose has hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant activities, which make it an ideal candidate for preventing diabetes and related health concerns. This review will summarize the protective effects of D-psicose against type 2 diabetes and its complications, suggesting its potential benefits as a sucrose substitute. 相似文献
11.
It was reported that increased plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) are associated with profound insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and may also play a critical role in the insulin resistance of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Skeletal muscle is the major site for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and is involved in energy regulation and homeostasis. In this study, we used 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, and palmitate to induce insulin resistance in C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells. Our data show that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and curcumin treatment reduce insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) Ser307 phosphorylation, and curcumin is more potent to increase Akt phosphorylation in TPA induction. Moreover, we found that after 5 h of palmitate incubation, epicatechin gallate (ECG) can suppress IRS-1 Ser307 phosphorylation and significantly promote Akt, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and AMP-activated protein kinase activation. With a longer incubation with palmitate, IRS-1 exhibited a dramatic depletion, and treatment with EGCG, ECG, and curcumin could reverse IRS-1 expression, Akt phosphorylation, and MAPK signaling cascade activation and improve glucose uptake in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells, especially ECG and curcumin. In addition, treatment with these polyphenols can suppress acetyl-CoA carboxylase activation, but only EGCG could inhibit lipid accumulation in the intracellular site. These findings may suggest that curcumin shows the best capacity to improve FFA-induced insulin resistance than the other two, and ECG was more effective than EGCG in attenuating insulin resistance. 相似文献
12.
Biotransformation of sinapic acid (1) with H2O2/Momordica charantia peroxidase, which exists in the widely used food M. charantia, at pH 5.0, 43 degrees C, in the presence of acetone resulted in six compounds, including four new compounds. Compound 2 was the first isolation of a new unique sinapic acid tetrameric derivate, which is formed by peroxidase catalysis in vitro. Besides 2, three other new sinapic acid dimers, 3-5 have also been isolated. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compound 5 showed a stronger antioxidative activity than the parent sinapic acid (1). Compounds 4 and 5 significantly inhibited the growth of HL-60 cell at the concentration of 10-5 microl/L. 相似文献
13.
WY Zhang JJ Lee Y Kim IS Kim JH Han SG Lee MJ Ahn SH Jung CS Myung 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(31):7652-7658
Eriodictyol [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one] is a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Because inflammation and oxidative stress play critical roles in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, the present study was designed to explore whether eriodictyol has therapeutic potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The results show that eriodictyol increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in both human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cells (HepG2) and differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes under high-glucose conditions. Eriodictyol also up-regulated the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (PPARγ2) and adipocyte-specific fatty acid-binding protein (aP2) as well as the protein levels of PPARγ2 in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, it reactivated Akt in HepG2 cells with high-glucose-induced insulin resistance. This response was strongly inhibited by pretreatment with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002, indicating that eriodictyol increased Akt phosphorylation by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. These results imply that eriodictyol can increase glucose uptake and improve insulin resistance, suggesting that it may possess antidiabetic properties. 相似文献
14.
Dioscorea is a traditional medicinal food in Asia. This study investigated the anti-insulin resistance of dioscorea polysaccharide (DPS) in inflammatory factor (tumor necrosis factor-α; TNF-α) induced mouse normal liver FL83B cells. Insulin resistance was induced by treating cells with TNF-α (20 ng/mL) for 5 h; subsequently, the medium was replaced with insulin and DPS for 60 min of incubation (model 1; alleviating group). In addition, cells were cotreated with TNF-α and DPS for 5 h in model 2 (preventing group). DPS effectively increased glucose uptake and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) expression of insulin-resistant cells. Furthermore, DPS stimulated insulin receptor substrate (IRS) tyrosyl phosphorylation and increased p-Akt level to alleviate insulin resistance in models 1 and 2. Finally, the possible mechanism of DPS promoting insulin sensitivity in TNF-α-induced FL83B cells was investigated in this study. DPS may attenuate c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and insulin resistance caused by TNF-α induction; therefore, DPS also elevated the levels of p-IRS(Tyr) and p-Akt(Ser) to improve insulin sensitivity in the TNF-α-induced FL83B cells. 相似文献
15.
Huang CF Chen YW Yang CY Lin HY Way TD Chiang W Liu SH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(4):1087-1094
The effect of lotus leaf ( Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) on diabetes is unclear. We hypothesized that lotus leaf can regulate insulin secretion and blood glucose levels. The in vitro and in vivo effects of lotus leaf methanolic extract (NNE) on insulin secretion and hyperglycemia were investigated. NNE increased insulin secretion from β cells (HIT-T15) and human islets. NNE enhanced the intracellular calcium levels in β cells. NNE could also enhance phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK)1/2 and protein kinase C (PKC), which could be reversed by a PKC inhibitor. The in vivo studies showed that NNE possesses the ability to regulate blood glucose levels in fasted normal mice and high-fat-diet-induced diabetic mice. Furthermore, the in vitro and in vivo effects of the active constituents of NNE, quercetin, and catechin, on glucose-induced insulin secretion and blood glucose regulation were evaluated. Quercetin did not affect insulin secretion, but catechin significantly and dose-dependently enhanced insulin secretion. Orally administered catechin significantly reversed the glucose intolerance in high-fat-diet-induced diabetic mice. These findings suggest that NNE and its active constituent catechin are useful in the control of hyperglycemia in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus through their action as insulin secretagogues. 相似文献
16.
耕整播农机装备是影响中国耕地耕种作业质量与效益的关键农机装备,随着农业机械化的快速发展,耕整播农机装备对其配套的旋耕刀、犁铧、深松铲、耙片、开沟器等触土部件耐磨性和使用寿命提出了更高的要求。该研究系统分析了触土部件主要的磨损失效形式及磨损机理,综述了提高触土部件耐磨性常用的表面熔覆、表面堆焊处理、表面热喷涂、激光表面强化处理、化学热处理、钎涂等表面处理工艺,从磨损机理、材料研发、结构设计和制造工艺4个方面对比分析了国内外技术差距,针对现阶段耕整播触土部件失效机理、材料、结构、工艺等短板环节的难点问题,展望农机触土部件未来研发方向,拟为表面耐磨强化的相关研究和工程应用提供理论依据与技术支撑。 相似文献
17.
Hypoglycemic effects of a phenolic acid fraction of rice bran and ferulic acid in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Rice bran contains many phenolic acids, the most abundant of which is the antioxidant, ferulic acid (FA). We evaluated the hypoglycemic effects of a phenolic acid fraction (the ethyl acetate fraction, EAE) of rice bran and of FA in C57BL/KsJ db/db mice. Type 2 diabetic mice were allocated to a control group, an EAE group, or an FA group. Animals were fed a modified AIN-76 diet, and EAE or FA was administered orally for 17 days. There was no significant difference in body weight gain between groups. Administration of EAE and FA significantly decreased blood glucose levels and increased plasma insulin levels. EAE or FA groups had significantly elevated hepatic glycogen synthesis and glucokinase activity compared with the control group. Plasma total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations were significantly decreased by EAE and FA administration. These findings suggest that EAE and FA may be beneficial for treatment of type 2 diabetes because they regulate blood glucose levels by elevating glucokinase activity and production of glycogen in the liver. 相似文献
18.
This paper presents an integrated feasibility study on designing systems for remediating petroleum-contaminated sites. Its consists of components of site-condition investigation, multiphase multicomponent transport modeling, remediation technology screening, and remediation-system design. These components are incorporated within a general framework to effectively address the system complexities. Application of the developed method to a petroleum-contaminated site in western Canada indicates that reasonable results have been generated. A comprehensive remediation plan that contains landfarming, soil vapor extraction, and in-situ bioremediation was recommended. The developed system could help petroleum industries to reduce costs at consulting, planning, design, and operation stages of their remediation practices. 相似文献
19.
本文综述了抗片形吸虫病绵羊品种的研究概况 ,通过红细胞压积、红细胞平均体积、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度、血清谷氨酸脱氢酶、γ 谷氨酰胺转移酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶等血液学参数 ,囊蚴感染成活率的测定等方法来筛选抗片形吸虫病的绵羊品种 ,研究证明印度尼西亚细尾绵羊对大片吸虫感染具有较高的抵抗力 ,并概述了其抗虫感染的机制及杀虫作用时间。印度尼西亚细尾绵羊对大片吸虫的抵抗力包括先天性抵抗力和获得性抵抗力 ,杀虫时间集中在感染后 3-4周和 1 5-2 1周。未发现对肝片吸虫感染有高抵抗力的品种。 相似文献
20.