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1.
为了对云纹石斑鱼与鞍带石斑鱼的杂交种云龙石斑鱼生长特性进行分析,本研究对工厂化养殖条件下云龙石斑鱼与云纹石斑鱼、珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的生长特性进行了对比。通过云龙石斑鱼家系与云纹石斑鱼家系建立和培育,对不同家系的受精率、正常发育率和畸形率进行统计;分别对45~245日龄的云龙石斑鱼与云纹石斑鱼的生长性状进行了测量;分别对云龙石斑鱼与珍珠龙胆石斑鱼在生长时间跨度为2~13月龄的生长性状进行测量,并于13月龄时统计成活率(苗种为2016年繁育);利用单因素方差分析法和多重比较分析对测定的生长性状进行比较分析,同时利用Excel软件拟合云龙石斑鱼、云纹石斑鱼的生长曲线。结果显示,杂交种云龙石斑鱼受精率平均为55.5%±26.7%,正常发育率平均为33.9%±23.6%,畸形率平均为8.3%±0.9%。至245日龄时云龙石斑鱼体长、体质量的平均值分别为(22.5±1.7) cm、(316.7±57.3) g,云纹石斑鱼的体长与体质量的平均值分别为(16.8±1.3) cm、(123.2±30.2) g,云龙石斑鱼比云纹石斑鱼生长快,云龙石斑鱼的体长为云纹石斑鱼的1.3倍,体质量为云纹石斑鱼的2.6倍。云龙石斑鱼在45~245日龄阶段的生长曲线为W=0.039 2L2.891 2(R2=0.986 9),云纹石斑鱼生长曲线为W=0.025 5L3.021 6 (R2=0.990 8),在本阶段云龙石斑鱼为异速生长型,云纹石斑鱼为等速生长型。经过12个月的对比养殖,云龙石斑鱼成活率为97.2%,珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的成活率为93.2%~94.5%,云龙石斑鱼全长与体质量平均值分别为(35.3±4.1) cm、(700.0±247.2) g,珍珠龙胆石斑鱼全长与体质量平均值分别为(28.6±3.5) cm、(550.0±224.8) g,云龙石斑鱼体质量是珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的1.3倍,全长为1.2倍。研究表明,云纹石斑鱼(♀)×鞍带石斑鱼(♂)是一个比较理想的杂交组合,杂交后代云龙石斑鱼具有生长快、畸形率低、成活率高的杂交优势,为杂种优势的研究提供了基础材料,同时也为新品种云龙石斑鱼的推广提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

2.
维生素E对斑点叉尾鮰生长性能和消化酶活性的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
何敏  汪开毓  张宇  孙挺 《水产学报》2009,33(2):288-294
试验研究了饲料中不同含量维生素E对斑点叉尾鮰生长性能和消化酶活性的影响,并对其机理进行了初步探讨。选取900尾健康的斑点叉尾鮰,平均体重(5.20±0.15)g,随机分成4个处理（I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ处理依次分别添加维生素E 0、50、100和1000IU/kg饲料）,每个处理3个重复,每个重复75尾。试验期105d。试验结果表明：在一定添加水平内,维生素E能够显著提高斑点叉尾鮰成活率、特定生长率(SGR)、蛋白质效率和摄饵量(P＜0.01)。当维生素E添加量为到100 IU/kg时,以上四个指标均达到最高,分别为97.78±0.96％,2.99±0.50％,163.71±5.62％和7478.00±62.01 g/尾,均极显著高于维生素E添加量为0 IU/kg组(P＜0.01）;维生素E显著影响斑点叉尾鮰胃肠道和肝胰脏蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性（P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）。当饲料中添加维生素为100IU/kg时,胃蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性最高,分别达29.33±1.66 U•min－1 •mg－1,196.52±17.28 U•min－1 •mg－1,极显著高于维生素Ｅ添加量为0 IU/kg组(P＜0.01）和显著高于维生素Ｅ添加量为1000IU/kg组(P＜0.05）。由本试验结果可以看出,维生素E在一定添加水平内能显著提高斑点叉尾鮰消化酶活性,促进此鱼生长,且其适宜添加量为100 mg／kg。  相似文献   

3.
为研究饲喂不同镁水平饲料后,鲈血清渗透压、离子水平和鳃丝ATP酶活力对急性盐度胁迫的反应,实验用镁水平为0.413 g/kg(D1,对照组)、1.042 g/kg(D2)、1.577 g/kg(D3)、1.991 g/kg(D4)的4种实验饲料,分别投喂初始平均体质量为(30±0.5)g的鲈。实验鱼在淡水循环养殖系统中饲养50 d后立即转入海水循环养殖系统,并在转入前(0 h)和转入后1、3、6、12、24 h分别采集鲈鳃丝和血液样本。结果显示:盐度胁迫前饲料镁水平对鲈血清渗透压、Na+、K+、Cl-、Mg2+含量和鳃丝中Na+/K+-ATP(NKA)与Ca2+/Mg2+-ATP(CMA)酶的活力有显著影响(P<0.05),其中血清渗透压、Mg2+含量和NKA酶活力随饲料镁水平的增加而升高。D4组的血清渗透压、Mg2+含量、NKA和CMA酶活力显著高于其他组(P<0.05),表明该组鲈处于高强度的渗透压调节的生理状态。急性盐度胁迫中,血清Na+和Cl-含量随胁迫时间的延长呈逐渐上升趋势,血清渗透压、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+和鳃丝ATP酶活力在0～24 h内呈波动性变化。D1组的NKA和CMA酶活力在胁迫1 h时显著低于其他组(P<0.05),表明长期摄食低镁水平的饲料会降低鲈鳃丝NKA和CMA酶对环境盐度刺激的敏感度。研究表明,淡水养殖鲈的饲料中镁水平应低于1.991 g/kg,以减少维持鳃丝NKA与CMA酶高活力而导致的能量损失,而在环境由低盐向高盐的快速转变过程中,较高的饲料镁水平可通过快速提高的鳃丝NKA与CMA酶活力而有利于鲈快速适应高盐环境。  相似文献   

4.
以初始体重(15.58±0.22)g的云纹石斑鱼(Epinehelus moara)为研究对象,设置5种不同维生素E水平(11.09 mg·kg-1、47.52 mg·kg-1、91.38 mg·kg-1、134.57 mg·kg-1、178.92 mg·kg-1)的等氮等能饲料,对云纹石斑鱼进行56 d的饲育实验,探讨饲料维生素E水平对该鱼生长、营养性能及血清免疫指标的影响。结果表明:饲料中添加维生素E对云纹石斑鱼幼鱼的增重率、特定生长率和饲料效率的作用明显,饲料维生素E在149.59 mg·kg-1左右时云纹石斑鱼的增重率较高;云纹石斑鱼组织中维生素E积累量与饲料中维生素E添加水平呈正比,但饲料维生素E水平超过91.38 mg·kg-1时鱼体组织中维生素E积累量不随饲料维生素E水平添加而显著升高,饲料维生素E水平在139.68 mg·kg-1时云纹石斑鱼具有较高的肝脏维生素E积累量;饲料维生素E水平对云纹石斑鱼血清中免疫球蛋白M和溶菌酶活性的影响显著。综合增重率、肝脏维生素E积累量和免疫指标,云纹石斑鱼饲料维生素E适宜添加水平为139.68~149.59 mg·kg-1。  相似文献   

5.
为探讨盐度和干露两种胁迫对大竹蛏呼吸代谢酶活力的影响,在实验室条件下分别研究盐度胁迫(15、20、25、30、35)和干露胁迫(6、12、24、48h)条件下,大竹蛏乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶和琥珀酸脱氢酶3种酶活力的变化规律。结果显示,当盐度逐渐升高时,碱性磷酸酶的活性呈降低趋势,当盐度为20时,酶活性最低,为0.043U/g,当盐度为25时,酶活性最高,为0.053U/g。盐度对琥珀酸脱氢酶和乳酸脱氢酶呈现波纹型的影响,在盐度为25时,琥珀酸脱氢酶活性较高,为0.401U/mg;盐度为25时,乳酸脱氢酶活性较高,为0.604U/g,盐度为20时,乳酸脱氢酶活性显著降低,为0.287U/g,盐度为35时,乳酸脱氢酶活性无显著变化。当干露时间逐渐延长,从整体变化情况来看,琥珀酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶这3种酶的活性逐渐降低,当干露时间达到48h,3种酶活性均达到最低,分别为0.197U/mg、0.020U/g和0.187U/g。说明盐度和干露胁迫对大竹蛏呼吸代谢酶活力有显著影响(P<0.05)。研究结果可为大竹蛏的人工养殖和运输提供参考。  相似文献   

6.
维生素C对点带石斑鱼生长及其组织抗氧化性能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用单因子试验设计方法,研究了饲料中添加维生素C(Vc)对点带石斑鱼生长及组织抗氧化性能的影响。设计Vc含量为5个不同梯度(0、70、210、630、2000mg/kg)的等氮、等能饲料,进行为期6周的饲养试验,每个水平3个重复,每箱40尾。试验结果表明,对照组的质量增加率、特定生长率、存活率均低于各添加组,Vc的添加量为210mg/kg时,质量增加率和特定生长率最高。Vc并不影响鱼体的内脏体比指数和肥满度,却显著影响肝体比指数。以质量增加率为指标,点带石斑鱼饲料中Vc的适宜添加量为210mg/kg。添加Vc可显著提高肝脏、脾及血清中超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活力(P<0.05),而头肾、中肾及肌肉中的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶变化不大(P>0.05)。Vc添加量为630mg/kg组中,肝脏、脾及血清中超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶最高,丙二醛含量最低。据此可知,Vc对点带石斑鱼是有效的抗氧化剂。  相似文献   

7.
万树杰  黄开  杨洋  刘慧  朱国平 《水产学报》2020,44(10):1707-1717
基于2018年夏季南奥克尼群岛南极磷虾资源声学调查数据,本研究对该海域南极磷虾集群进行了分析。结果显示,检测到南极磷虾集群3 224个,反映集群特征的5个参数即深度、长度、厚度、面积及密度分别为(96.00±64.33) m、(218.52±455.66) m、(11.19±13.98) m、(1 894.40±9 345.72) m2和(114.11±159.60) 尾/m3;不同时间段之间集群密度无显著性差异,但集群深度、长度、厚度及面积之间均存在显著性差异。不同水层间集群厚度和面积之间无显著性差异,但集群深度,长度和密度均存在显著性差异。南极磷虾集群共分为三类,其中第Ⅰ类集群密度最大,为(325.90±221.30) 尾/m3;集群规模最小,为(379.64±433.73) m2;深度最深,为(158.06±67.54) m。第Ⅱ类集群的长度最长,为(1 089.60±1 189.56) m;集群面积为(15 601.25±30 243.33) m2,远大于其他集群。第Ⅲ类集群深度最浅,为(78.91±52.88) m;密度最小,为(48.87±50.33) 尾/m3,但数量最多。  相似文献   

8.
为探讨云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)肝脏代谢酶活力对盐度骤降的响应,设置27(对照组)、21、15、9共4个盐度梯度对云纹石斑鱼进行盐度骤降胁迫实验。分别在0、1、2、3、7 d时取样,测定其肝脏中酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)以及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力。结果显示,ACP活力盐度21组先波动变化后恢复正常水平,盐度15组先下降后升高,随后第7天下降恢复正常水平;AKP活力盐度21组和盐度15组先呈下降趋势,第3天大幅度升高;GPT与LDH活力盐度21组和盐度15组基本呈现先下降再上升并波动的变化趋势;GOT活力变化趋势盐度21组先升后降,盐度15组先降后波动。研究表明:在盐度27骤降至21或15,均会使云纹石斑鱼产生应激反应,磷酸酶、转氨酶与乳酸脱氢酶活力初期均会受到抑制,随时间延长可以得到恢复;而当盐度从27骤降至9,3 d时实验鱼全部死亡。  相似文献   

9.
为了解鱼类适应盐碱水环境的生理变化机理,将尼罗罗非鱼从淡水直接转入4个不同盐碱混合梯度组(A组:盐度10,碱度1 g/LNaHCO3;B组:盐度10,碱度2 g/LNaHCO3;C组:盐度15,碱度1 g/LNaHCO3;D组:盐度15,碱度2 g/LNaHCO3)中进行为期96 h的急性胁迫实验,分别检测胁迫后0、6、12、24、36、48、72和96 h时尼罗罗非鱼的血清渗透压、血清Na+、K+、Cl-浓度以及鳃中Na+-K+-ATP酶(NKA)和碳酸酐酶(CA)基因相对表达量的变化过程。结果显示,血清渗透压、离子浓度以及鳃中NKA基因和CA基因mRNA表达量变化程度均与其盐碱胁迫浓度间呈正相关,变化过程随着实验时间推移均呈现为先升、后降,最后趋于平稳。B、D组血清渗透压峰值出现在24 h,A、C组出现在36 h。血清Na+、K+、Cl-浓度均在24 h达到峰值。B、D组NKA基因mRNA表达峰值出现在24 h,A、C组出现在36 h;除A组外,其余各组CA基因mRNA表达峰值时间出现在24 h。研究表明,尼罗罗非鱼具有一定的盐碱适应能力,盐碱胁迫下NKA、CA是参与离子转运、渗透压调节的重要转运酶。  相似文献   

10.
孙鹏 《海洋渔业》2014,36(3):247
研究了操作胁迫(惊扰)对云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)肝脏抗氧化能力和鳃中钠-钾ATP酶(Na+-K+ATPase)活力的影响。在胁迫处理后,鱼体肝脏中抗氧化酶活力受到不同程度的影响。超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)具有相似的变化规律,其在处理后快速达到活力最高值,然后逐渐下降到与处理前无显著性差异(P0.05);谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)活力也在处理后升高,但一直与处理前无显著性差异(P0.05);肝脏中VC含量在处理后显著增高,并最终恢复到处理前水平;而Na+-K+ATPase活力一直显著低于处理前水平(P0.05)。研究表明,操作胁迫会通过氧化应激对云纹石斑鱼体造成损伤,而在胁迫应激反应中,SOD和CAT可以作为有效的生物指示剂用于胁迫状态的检测。  相似文献   

11.
为探究不同盐度对斜带石斑鱼幼鱼血清离子浓度和激素水平的影响及其与鳃线粒体丰富细胞(MRCs)渗透调节功能关系,实验将暂养于盐度为30的水体中的斜带石斑鱼幼鱼直接转移至盐度分别为5、10、20和30(对照组)的水体中,于7和15 d分别检测血清Na~+、K~+、Cl~–浓度和血清皮质醇(COR)水平,并于第15天观察幼鱼鳃MRCs分布和结构的变化。结果显示,随盐度升高,幼鱼血清Na~+、Cl~–浓度显著上升,而K~+浓度无显著变化;COR水平在盐度5和10实验组显著高于盐度20和对照组;随盐度上升,鳃MRCs体积增大,数量增多,且盐度20和对照组鳃MRCs体积显著大于盐度5和10实验组;鳃MRCs表面存在一个特殊的顶膜结构,在不同盐度下呈现不同形态:盐度5和10实验组中鳃MRCs顶膜开口较大,且其表面存在大量的微绒,而盐度20实验组和对照组中鳃MRCs的顶膜向内深陷形成了一个顶隐窝,开口较小,且其表面没有微绒毛。研究表明,斜带石斑鱼幼鱼鳃MRCs在盐度5的水体中可以很好地发挥渗透调节功能,使幼鱼在盐度5的水体中存活。  相似文献   

12.
Two consecutive experiments were conducted to investigate the physiological responses of Jade perch (Scortom barcoo) to different stocking densities over a 30‐day period and to stress resulting from food deprivation over a 10‐day period. Groups of Jade perch were reared in recirculating tanks at three stocking densities (120, 180 and 270 fish m?3). Fish were weighed and blood samples were taken at the beginning of the experiment (P1) and after 30 days (P2). Feeding was then stopped and fish were sampled again 10 days later (P3). Blood samples were analysed for serum level of cortisol (COR), glucose (GLU), total protein (TP), triglycerides (TG), lysozyme (LYS) activity and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Significant changes were observed in average body weight and serum COR, TG, LYS and ALP activity in response to stocking density. No significant difference was found between stocking density treatments concerning the serum TP and GLU. The results showed that fish performed better at a stocking density of 180 fish m?3. Food deprivation for 10 days resulted in significant changes in ALP activity and LYS activity, TP and GLU concentrations and final average body weight but not in COR and TG levels.  相似文献   

13.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary taurine supplementation on growth, immunity and resistant to dry stress of rice field eel (Monopterus albus) fed low fish meal diets. Six isonitrogenous and isolipid diets (32% fish meal) supplemented with six taurine concentrations (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 and 1.5 g/kg; designated as T0, T0.03, T0.06, T0.09, T0.12 and T0.15 groups, respectively) were prepared. A diet including 42% fish meal (FM group) was also included as a reference. The results showed that specific growth rate (SGR) in FM group was significantly higher than that in lower fish meal treatments. SGR significantly increased and slowly decreased with the increase in taurine supplementation level. Lipase activity value in intestine of M. albus fed FM diet was maximum, and with the increase in taurine supplementation level, lipase activity significantly increased and slowly decreased. The FM group had relative higher total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) content, catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD), and lyzozyme (LZM) activities in serum than the other groups. With the increase in dietary taurine supplementation level, the CAT, T‐SOD, T‐AOC and LZM activities in serum significantly increased and then decreased. In the dry stress experience, the adrenaline (AD), cortisol (COR), glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (CHOL), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, T‐AOC content, CAT and T‐SOD activities in serum of M. albus in the four groups first increased and reached the peak at 2 hr, and then decreased under air‐exposure stress. Compared to the FM group, T0.15 group had relative higher T‐AOC content, CAT and T‐SOD activities, and lower AD, COR GLU, TC and MDA concentrations.  相似文献   

14.
Hybridization was used to take advantage of desirable traits in offspring. In the present study, we applied the cryopreserved Epinephelus lanceolatus sperm into interspecific hybridization with E. moara. Successful hybridization between these two species was achieved and cultured in 23–24°C seawater (34‰). There was no difference in survival rate between hybrid (E. moara ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂) and non‐hybrid (E. moara ♀ × E. moara ♂) at 24 hrs post hatch (HPH), but less hybrid (14.35 ± 8.02%) hatched than non‐hybrid (93.60 ± 1.65%), which might be due to irregularity cell cleavage and skeletal deformities from the formation of embryonic body to the later embryonic development. Similar phenomenon was found in hybrid embryos from fertilization with fresh sperm, indicating that species variations between parents, rather than cryopreserved sperm, resulted in deformities in embryos. Mean hatch time of the hybrid was 1 hr faster than that of E. moara. The hybrid was 1.95 ± 0.06 mm in total length when newly hatched and reached 38.00 mm at 58 days post hatch (DPH), which showed faster growth than E. moara (recorded in the previous study). Considering its faster growth, E. moara × E. lanceolatus hybrid was a potential breeding production in aquaculture. Over 212,000,000 larvae have been produced and launched in the market since 2015. The results of this study also shed some lights on further comparative studies in grouper hybrid performance.  相似文献   

15.
The experiment aimed at determining the efficient use of phytase (Phy) in Atlantic salmon diets that had low (4.5%) fishmeal and contained 60% soy protein concentrate (SPC). Phytase was either included at 250, 500, 1,000 or 4,000 U Phy kg−1 diet or the SPC was pre-treated prior to making diets using 250, 500 or 1,000 U Phy kg−1 SPC. Fish were fed the experimental diets for 12 weeks, and there were no differences in survival among treatments nor were there differences in growth performance between the phytase-pre-treated SPC diets. Feed intake and weight gain were significantly lower for diets supplemented below 1,000 U Phy kg−1 compared to all other diets. Apparent digestibility (AD) of phosphorus was significantly lower without the use of phytase (45.43 ± 2.06%) than for all other treatments. AD phosphorus increased from 55.70 ± 1.81% at the lowest phytase supplementation (250 U Phy kg−1) to 80.87 ± 2.12% at the highest (4,000 U Phy kg−1). There was no difference in AD phosphorus between the diet with the highest supplementation (4,000 U Phy kg−1) and the pre-treated diets. There were no differences in whole-body dry material, crude protein or total lipid, whereas bone ash was significantly lower for diets supplemented below 1,000 U Phy kg−1. Ash and phosphorus in the whole body and bone increased with increasing added phytase. At and above an inclusion of 1,000 U Phy kg−1, bone ash (51.26 ± 0.12% bone weight) and bone phosphorus (11.21 ± 0.04% bone weight) reached concentrations that were no different to the pre-treated diets. In conclusion, phytase improved Atlantic salmon’s growth performance fed low fishmeal diets containing SPC, and at least 1,000 U Phy kg−1 diet was required to have the same effect as pre-treatment of SPC with 250 U Phy kg−1 SPC.  相似文献   

16.
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of dietary vitamin C (VC) and E (VE) supplementation on fillet quality of red sea bream fed oxidized fish oil (OFO). Fish with an average body weight of 205.0 g were fed four test diets for 9 weeks. Control diet contained fresh fish oil (FFO) with 100 mg kg?1 of VE and 500 mg kg?1 of VC (FFO100E/500C). The other three diets contained OFO with varying levels of VE (mg kg?1) and VC (mg kg?1) (OFO100E/500C, OFO200E/500C and OFO200E/1000C). After feeding trial, two fillets from each fish by hand filleting were stored in a refrigerator at 4°C for 96 h during analyses. Results showed that fish fed OFO increased fillet thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and K‐value, and decreased fillet VC and VE concentrations during storage time. Supplementation of VC did not have any detectable effect on fillet quality. Increasing dietary VE supplementation increased fillet VE concentrations, reduced fillet TBARS and K‐value values of red sea bream. Therefore, we suggest that dietary supplementation of 200 mg kg?1 of vitamin E could improve fillet oxidative stability of red sea bream fed OFO.  相似文献   

17.
A study was conducted to investigate effects and interactions of magnesium (Mg) and vitamin E (VE) on growth performance, body composition, hepatic antioxidant capacity and serum biochemistry parameters of juvenile Japanese seabass Lateolabrax japonicus under oxidative stress condition. Fish (initial average body weight of 6.10 ± 0.20 g) were fed 9 oxidized oil diets supplemented with 3 grade levels of Mg (0, 520 and 1570 mg kg?1 diet) and VE (0, 60 and 200 mg kg?1 diet) for 8 weeks in freshwater. The results showed that diets supplemented 520 mg kg?1 Mg and/or 60 mg kg?1 VE had highest growth and muscle lipid content. There were highest total superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities and lowest malondialdehyde content in liver of fish fed diets supplemented 520 mg kg?1 Mg and/or 60 mg kg?1 VE. Contrary to Mg concentrations, Ca concentrations and Ca/Mg ratio in whole body were inversely related to dietary Mg levels. However, combined deficiency or excess of dietary Mg and VE led to the decrease of hepatic antioxidant capacity, body lipid deposition and growth of Japanese seabass under oxidative stress condition.  相似文献   

18.
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of stocking density on serum cortisol (COR) levels and expression of immune genes in the head kidney of juvenile GIFT tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after Streptococcus iniae (S. iniae) infection. Juveniles (2700) were distributed into 30 tanks at five stocking densities (150, 300, 450, 600 and 750 g/m3), and each treatment had six replicates. After a 45-day feeding trial, a S. iniae challenge study was conducted for 96 h. Differences in mortality, serum COR and gene expression of C-type lysozyme, heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were analyzed. The levels of serum COR at all infected treatments were significantly higher compared with the levels of pre-infection (P < 0.05). At 96 h post-infection, serum COR levels of high stocking densities (600 and 750 g/m3) were significantly higher than those of low-density groups (P < 0.05); the mRNA levels of C-type lysozyme, HSP70, IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ were significantly lower in tilapia reared at 600 g/m3 group than in those reared at 300 g/m3 group (P < 0.05). Fish reared in high-density treatments (600 and 750 g/m3) exhibited significantly higher post-challenge mortality (43.3 and 40.0 %) at 96 h following S. iniae infection, and it was significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.05). The data suggest that when living in high stocking density, GIFT tilapia showed decrease in immune capability, together with increased serum COR and susceptibility to S. iniae.  相似文献   

19.
A high mortality of cultured loach during their early development has constrained loach aquaculture industry in China. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin E (VE) supplementation on growth performance, lipid peroxidation and fatty acid composition of loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus fingerlings. Six test diets supplemented with 0 (0E), 50 (50E), 100 (100E), 150 (150E), 200 (200E) and 500 mg kg?1 (500E) of dl‐α‐tocopheryl acetate were fed loach fingerlings (mean initial weight 24.0 ± 0.2 mg) in triplicate for 40 days. Results showed that the fish fed diet 100E and 200E had significantly higher body weight gains and specific growth ratios and significantly lower feed conversion ratios compared with fish fed diet 0E. With the increase in dietary VE level, whole‐body VE content was significantly increased (except 500E) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value was significantly reduced. Increasing dietary VE level increased the percentages of 20:4n‐6 and 20:5n‐3 in neutral lipid fraction, but decreased the percentages of 20:4n‐6 and 20:5n‐3 in polar lipid fraction. In conclusion, VE requirement of loach fingerlings for optimum growth and functionally preventing lipid peroxidation was 136.1 mg kg?1 of dry diet under the present experimental conditions.  相似文献   

20.
盐度胁迫对尼罗罗非鱼免疫相关指标的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
为探究盐度胁迫对尼罗罗非鱼免疫的影响,对体质量(35.0±5.0) g的尼罗罗非鱼进行了急性和慢性的盐度胁迫实验,对免疫相关指标进行了检测和分析。在急性盐度胁迫中,设置0、5和15盐度组,分别在胁迫后6、12、24、48和96 h进行取样,检测血清SOD、CAT、GSH-Px和AKP的活性。在慢性实验中,设置0、10、20和30盐度组,胁迫8周后检测血清SOD、CAT、GSH-Px和AKP活性,并进行了无乳链球菌易感性实验。结果显示：①血清中SOD活性在急性盐度胁迫6、12和24 h时都有随盐度上升而上升的趋势,但在96 h时盐度15组酶活性显著低于盐度5组;在慢性盐度胁迫下,各组的酶活性呈现出随着盐度升高而显著性下降的趋势。②血清CAT活性在急性盐度胁迫下12和24 h时呈现出随着盐度升高而显著下降的趋势;在慢性胁迫下不存在显著性差异。③血清中GSH-Px活性在急性和慢性胁迫后,均呈现随着盐度升高而降低的趋势。④血清AKP活性在胁迫后6 h随盐度升高呈现出显著下降趋势;在慢性盐度胁迫下,盐度20组显著低于其他实验组。⑤尼罗罗非鱼对无乳链球菌易感性实验中,盐度10组的易感性和盐度0组之间无显著差异,盐度20和30组的易感性高于盐度0组。研究表明,两种盐度胁迫均会引起免疫相关指标的变化,急性盐度胁迫实验表明,盐度5和15可导致尼罗罗非鱼机体氧化损伤,但尼罗罗非鱼可以逐渐适应这一变化;慢性盐度胁迫实验表明,盐度高于20会抑制尼罗罗非鱼多种免疫指标活性,造成其对无乳链球菌的易感性升高。  相似文献   

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