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为研究不同禽源贝氏隐孢子虫对雏鸡的致病性差异,人工感染3日龄雏鸡鸡源、鸭源、鹌鹑源、白文鸟源贝氏隐孢子虫.结果发现,各感染组雏鸡潜隐期均为4d,显露期为11～18 d,均未发生死亡,但其增重均受影响.鸡源C.baileyi(林州株)、C.baileyi(郑州株)和鸭源C.bailey(郑州株)感染组雏鸡临床症状较为明显,发病率较高,分别为71.4％、85.7％和77.1％,剖检可见气管有较多粘液分泌物,法氏囊粘膜充血肿胀,平均增重较不感染对照组分别减少34.5、53.1和19.7 g；鹌鹑源C.bailey(武陟株)和白文鸟源C.bailey(郑州株)感染组雏鸡仅部分表现轻微临床症状,发病率分别为31.4％和28.6％,平均增重较不感染对照组分别减少39.7和43.1g.结果表明不同禽源C.bailey对雏鸡均有不同程度的致病性,以鸡源和鸭源C.baileyi致病性较强. 相似文献
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<正>隐孢子虫病是家禽、鸟类最常见的寄生虫病之一,隐孢子虫的宿主多达30余种,目前,隐孢子虫种已达20余种,寄生于禽类的隐孢子虫有3个虫种,即火鸡隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidiummeleagridis)、贝氏隐孢子虫(C.baileyi)和鸡隐孢子虫(C.galli)。我国发现的禽隐孢子虫有2种包括贝氏隐孢子虫(C.baileyi)和火鸡隐孢子虫,主要引起呼吸系统、消化系统疾病,导致产蛋率下降或鸡只死亡,当与其他传染病,免疫抑制性共同感染时,会造成更为严重的经济损失。 相似文献
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为了解来源于地方鸡品种的隐孢子虫分离株致病特点,对收集到的河南固始鸡源隐孢子虫经鹌鹑传代纯化后,进行动物感染。结果:固始鸡源隐孢子虫分离株无论在正常还是免疫抑制情况下均不能感染小鼠,但能成功感染海兰雏鸡,出现明显的呼吸道症状及法氏囊病变。剖检发现虫体主要寄生在法氏囊、气管和泄殖腔等部位。根据卵囊形态学及寄生部位等特点,本试验分离的隐孢子虫种类鉴定为贝氏隐孢子虫(Crypto-sporidium baileyi)。增大感染剂量,可使雏鸡排卵囊高峰期提前,排卵囊量增大,持续期延长;免疫抑制剂的使用也可使高峰期提前,持续期延长,但会造成试验动物死亡率增高。雏鸡临床症状、剖检病变和增重减少均与感染剂量呈正相关,免疫抑制剂的使用会加重此影响。 相似文献
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隐孢子虫（Cryptosporidium）是一种引起人兽共患病的机会性原虫,能感染包括人在内的240多种动物,引起动物机体不同程度的消化道和呼吸道症状。目前已鉴定出16个有效种,40多个基因型。感染禽类的隐孢子虫主要有3个种：贝氏隐孢子虫（C.baileyi）、火鸡隐孢子虫（C．meleagridis）和鸡隐孢子虫（C．galli）。其中C．baileyi为感染鸡的优势虫种,主要寄生在鸡的喉头、气管、法氏囊、泄殖腔等部位;C．meleagridis主要寄生于小肠,属于人兽共患病原; 相似文献
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禽隐孢子虫病是由火鸡隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium meleagridis)和贝氏隐孢子虫(C、baileyi)引起的以消化道和呼吸道症状为主的禽类寄生原虫病。自1929年Tyzzer首次报道在鸡的盲肠上皮细胞上发现隐孢子虫以未,有关学者对禽隐孢子虫病的病原学、流行病学、临床病理学、诊断学等方面做了大量研究,取得了一定的成就。本文就禽隐孢子虫病的研究概况,作一综述。 相似文献
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为探讨复方磺胺对甲氧嘧啶、磺胺二甲基嘧啶、地克珠利和阿奇霉素4种药物对鸡胚和雏鸡人工感染模型中鸡源贝氏隐孢子虫的作用,筛选有效防治隐孢子虫药物,采用鸡胚培养和人工感染雏鸡模型,分别以各组鸡胚发育状况、鸡胚中卵囊量、雏鸡精神状态、排卵囊规律、体质量变化、发病率、死亡率等为观察指标,考察这4种药物对隐孢子虫的作用。结果显示,使用复方磺胺对甲氧嘧啶、磺胺二甲基嘧啶、地克珠利、阿奇霉素组鸡胚中虫体数分别为阳性对照组的15.05%、88.71%、77.42%、68.82%。复方磺胺对甲氧嘧啶可缓解人工感染雏鸡隐孢子虫病临床症状,感染雏鸡发病率降低20%,死亡率降低13.13%,且可使排卵囊强度降低。结果表明,复方磺胺对甲氧嘧啶以一定剂量连续使用一定时间对雏鸡贝氏隐孢子虫病有潜在治疗作用。 相似文献
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为阐明河南区域隐孢子虫分子流行病学特点,用PCR技术扩增分离虫株的18S rRNA基因全序列和HSP70基因序列,并对扩增片段进行测序。用PAUP 4.0和TREEPUZZLE 4.1构建进化树,试图从分子水平证明河南省不同地区不同宿主来源隐孢子虫的遗传特征,以阐明隐孢子虫病的分子流行病学特点。通过18S rRNA基因全序列和HSP70基因序列分析,其结果：河南人源隐孢子虫分离株为Cryptosporidium parvum鼠基因型;河南鹿源隐孢子虫分离株为C. parvum鹿基因型;河南猪源隐孢子虫的2个分离株均为C. parvum猪基因I型,即C. suis;河南鹌鹑源的隐孢子虫2个分离株分别为C. baileyi和C. meleagridis;河南乌鸡源隐孢子虫和鸵鸟源隐孢子虫分离株均为C. baileyi;河南牛源隐孢子虫分离株为C.andersoni。 相似文献
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河南地区鸭隐孢子虫病流行病学调查 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
隐孢子虫病是重要的人兽共患原虫病,广泛分布于世界各地.隐孢子虫(Crptosporidium)宿主种类广泛,可以寄生于240多种动物,隐孢子虫有效种目前已达到16个,另有40多个基因型.其中已确定的禽类有效种有3个,即贝氏隐孢子虫(C.baileyi)、火鸡隐孢子虫(C.meleagridis)和鸡隐孢子虫(C.galli),还可能存在新的有效种和基因型,至少存在有2个未命名种(分别寄生于鹌鹑和鸵鸟[1])和3个新基因型(从黑鸭分离到的鸭基因型和加拿大鹅分离到的两个鹅基因型)[2].…… 相似文献
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为了解不同地区鸡源贝氏隐孢子虫的致病特点,对收集到的郑州、林州两地区鸡源贝氏隐孢子虫卵囊经雏鸡传代扩增纯化后,分别以1×106个卵囊量接种3日龄罗曼公雏鸡,从其排卵囊情况、临床症状和病理学变化比较了2个分离株的致病情况。结果表明:2个隐孢子虫分离株均主要引起雏鸡呼吸道症状和法氏囊炎病变;接种雏鸡均于感染后第4天开始排卵囊,林州株和郑州株排卵囊持续期分别为23 d和13 d;排卵囊高峰期均为感染后第8~12天。雏鸡感染2个地区鸡源贝氏隐孢子虫分离株后,排卵囊量及排卵囊规律存在差异。 相似文献
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选取从临床感染禽Ⅰ型副黏病毒（APMV-1）的鸡、鹅、鸽、鹌鹑、珍珠鸡、孔雀、画眉鸟等7种禽类病例分离到的9个代表性毒株，分别对鸡、鹌鹑、鹅和鸽进行了人工感染试验。结果，除鸽源毒株gxp22对鸡和鹅无致病力外，其他8个分离毒株对鸡、鹌鹑和鹅都有较强的致病力，死亡率为60％～100％，试验鸡表现的症状和病理变化特征最明显，鹅的比较明显，鹌鹑的则最不明显；3个鸽源分离株对鸽的致病力都很强，死亡率均为100％。所有毒株对4种禽类的致病性与其临床特征相符。研究结果表明，试验所用的9个分离株除鸽源分离株gxp22外，均为泛嗜性的新城疫强毒株。 相似文献
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Wang R Qi M Jingjing Z Sun D Ning C Zhao J Zhang L Xiao L 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,175(1-2):151-154
Few data are available on the molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in ostriches. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium species or genotypes in ostriches. A total of 452 fecal samples from five farms, a zoo, and an animal rescue center in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China were examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts by microscopy of wet mount of fecal materials concentrated by the Sheather's sugar flotation technique. Fifty-three samples were Cryptosporidium-positive from four farms, with an overall prevalence of 11.7%. The percentage of animals shedding oocysts was 0, 16.2%, 7.2%, and 0 in 1-3 weeks, 4-8 weeks, 3-12 months, and more than 12 months ostriches, respectively (χ(2)=17.74; ρ<0.01). PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene of the 53 Cryptosporidium-positive samples showed the presence of only Cryptosporidium baileyi, which was confirmed by DNA sequencing of the SSU rRNA PCR products from 16 positive samples. Cross-transmission studies demonstrated that the C. baileyi isolate could infect chickens and quails. Thus, ostriches are commonly infected with C. baileyi that is genetically and biologically similar to C. baileyi found in other birds. 相似文献
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The purpose of the present study was the genetic characterization, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA sequences of Cryptosporidium isolates obtained from different animal hosts in Brazil. Fecal samples containing Cryptosporidium oocysts were obtained from chickens, ducks, quails, guinea pigs, dairy calves, dogs and cats. For amplification of 18S rDNA sequences the Secondary-PCR product of the extracted DNA from fecal suspension of each studied animal was utilized. The primary genetic characterization of Cryptosporidium sp. was performed using RFLP with the enzymes SspI and VspI. DNA samples were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The results showed C. baileyi infecting two ducks and one quail and C. melagridis infecting one chicken. The sequences obtained from Cryptosporidium sp. infecting guinea pigs were not identified within groups of known Cryptosporidium species. The isolates found parasitizing cats and one dog were diagnosed as C. felis and C. canis, respectively. One isolate of calf origin was identified as C. parvum. The phylogenetic analysis showed clear distribution of isolates between two Cryptosporidium sp. groups according to their gastric or intestinal parasitism. A great genetic distance was observed between C. felis and C. canis from Brazil when compared to the reference sequences obtained from GenBank. The results obtained during this study constitute the first report of rDNA sequences from C. baileyi, C. meleagridis, C. felis, C. canis and C. parvum isolated in Brazil. 相似文献
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Saito T Watanabe C Takemae N Chaisingh A Uchida Y Buranathai C Suzuki H Okamatsu M Imada T Parchariyanon S Traiwanatam N Yamaguchi S 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,133(1-2):65-74
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5N1 subtype have caused several rounds of outbreaks in Thailand. In this study, we used 3 HPAI viruses isolated in Thailand in January 2004 from chicken, quail, and duck for genetic and pathogenetic studies. Sequence analysis of the entire genomes of these isolates revealed that they were genetically similar to each other. Chickens, quails, domestic ducks, and cross-bred ducks were inoculated with these isolates to evaluate their pathogenicity to different host species. A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/04 (H5N1), an HPAI virus isolated in Japan, was also used in the chicken and quail studies for comparison. All four isolates were shown to be highly pathogenic to chickens and quails, with 100% mortality by 10(6) EID50 inoculants of the viruses. They caused sudden death in chickens and quails within 2-4 days after inoculation. The mean death times (MDT) of quails infected with the Thai isolates were shorter than those of chickens infected with the same isolates. Mortality against domestic and cross-bred ducks ranged from 50 to 75% by intranasal inoculation with the 10(6) EID50 viruses. Neurological symptoms were observed in most of the inoculated domestic ducks and appeared less severe in the cross-bred ducks. The MDTs of the ducks infected with the Thai isolates were 4.8-6 days post-inoculation. Most of the surviving ducks infected with the Thai isolates had sero-converted until 14 dpi. Our study illustrated the pathobiology of the Thai isolates against different poultry species and would provide useful information for improving control strategies against HPAI. 相似文献
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Uchida Y Kanehira K Mase M Takemae N Watanabe C Usui T Fujimoto Y Ito T Igarashi M Ito K Takada A Sakoda Y Okamatsu M Yamamoto Y Nakamura K Kida H Hiromoto Y Tsuda T Saito T 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,147(1-2):1-10
From February to March 2009, six strains of H7N6 subtype avian influenza virus were isolated from quails in three farms in Aichi prefecture in Japan. The isolates were shown to be low pathogenic for chicken by the examination performed using the "Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines" by World organisation for Animal Health (OIE). The deduced amino acid sequence at the cleavage site was PE (I/Q/L) PKRR (nucleotide sequences were cct gaa (a/c) (t/a) a cc (a/g) aaa aga aga), suggesting persistence in domestic poultry for some time. The direct putative ancestor strain could not be elucidated by phylogenetic analysis of all genome segments of the quail isolates. Diverged date from a putative common ancestor in a non-rooted phylogenetic tree among quail viruses was estimated between March 2002 and July 2004. Three putative N-linked glycosylation sites resided in the vicinity of the receptor binding pocket of HA1 region. They are considered to decrease the reactivity of neutralizing antibody against the virus. Experiments for the infectivity and pathogenicity of a quail strain to poultry indicated that the quail isolate had higher infectivity to quails than chickens and ducks. Direct and dust-borne and/or droplet-borne transmissions among quail were proven in quails with and without direct contact with experimentally infected quails. The virus is seldom transmitted among chickens either directly or indirectly, and indirect transmission from infected quails to chickens was not observed. The pathogenicity of the quail strain for mammalian, pig and mouse was low, although it could replicate in those animals. 相似文献
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将禽流感病毒番鸭分离株ZM的感染性鸡胚尿囊液静脉或肌肉接种不同禽类,同时设鸡源JC株对照,以了解毒株的致病特点。结果显示ZM株与同期分离JC株致病能力相当,两毒株均对鸡、鹅、番鸭、鹌鹑和鹧鸪显示了很强的致病能力,致死率50％-100％,死亡禽类的肝、肾、肺、脾、胰腺等多个组织器官均存在严重的损伤。鸽子,肉鸭和绍鸭(除zM株致死一只绍鸭外)均未发生死亡,外观健康。 相似文献