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Summary Genetics of fertility restoration in six varieties and breeding lines of rice was studied in Wild Abortive cytoplasmic genetic male sterility system using cytoplasmic male sterile lines V 20 A and IR 54752 A. Fertility evaluation of the plants in F2 and testcross populations of the crosses of V 20 A with PR 103, PR 106 and PAU 502-94-1, and IR 54752 A with PAU 1124-36-1 and PAU 1126-1-1 revealed that fertility restoration in PR 103, PR 106, PAU 502-94-1, PAU 1124-36-1 and PAU 1126-1-1 was controlled by two independently segregating dominant genes. The two genes appeared to have additive effects; one of them being stronger than the other in imparting fertility restoration. Data on spikelet fertility of the plants in F2 and testcross populations of V 20 A/UPR 82-1-1 cross showed that fertility restoration in UPR 82-1-1 was controlled by two independently segregating dominant genes which exhibited recessive epistatic interaction.
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Y. Xue S. Q. Zhang Q. H. Yao R. H. Peng A. S. Xiong X. Li W. M. Zhu Y. Y. Zhu D. S. Zha 《Euphytica》2008,164(3):739-744
In the present study, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling seed storability based on relative germination rate (%) were
dissected using a saturated linkage map and a recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross of japonica cultivar Asominori (Oryza sativa L.) and indica cultivar IR24 (Oryza sativa L.). A total of three QTLs (qRGR-1, qRGR-3 and qRGR-9) were detected on chromosomes 1, 3 and 9 with LOD score ranging from 3.45 to 6.95 and the phenotypic variance explained from
16.72% to 28.63%. The IR24 alleles were all associated with seed storability at all the three QTLs. The existence of these
QTLs was confirmed using IR24 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) in Asominori genetic background (AIS). By QTL
comparative analysis, the QTL, qRGR-9 on chromosomes 9 appeared to be consistent with another rice population, this region may provide an important region for
isolating this responsible gene. These results also provide the possibilities of enhancing Seed storability in rice breeding
program by marker-assisted selection (MAS) and pyramiding QTLs.
Y. Xue and S. Q. Zhang—joint first authors. 相似文献
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中国普通野生稻Oryza rufipogon Griff.的形态分类研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
选用中国７省５７１份，国外２７份普通野生稻（ＯｒｙｚａｒｕｆｉｐｏｇｏｎＧｒｉｆｆ简称普野）的１０个形态性状进行了聚类分析并结合普野栖生地的生态考察。将中国普通野生稻划分为多年生与一年生两个普野群，七个普野型，作者根据普野植株在北京温室越冬与翌春植株再生情况及其繁殖方式并联系其生长习性与同工酶分析论证了，中国除多年生普野外还存在一年生普野，但期生自然群体尚待考察与研究确认。本文还对中国栽培稻的原始 相似文献
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Indica-japonica hybridization is an important approach for developing superior performing hybrids in rice (Oryza sativa L.). In view of the scanty information available on cooking quality characters in indica-japonica crosses, an investigation was undertaken to estimate genetic and genotype × environment variance and covariance components
of amylose content, gel consistency and alkali digestion value, and to determine the relative importance of direct genetic
effects, maternal genetic effects and cytoplasmic effects in the genetic variations of the three quality characters. Two indica photo-sensitive genic male sterile (PGMS) lines and four japonica varieties were used as parents to make crosses. Genetic model with genotype × environment interactions for triploid endosperm
was used for genetic studies of the three cooking quality characters. Variance component analysis revealed that genetic variations
of the three characters were mainly attributable to direct additive and maternal additive effects, and the three traits had
significant direct and maternal heritabilities. Genotype × environment interactions were mainly dominance × environment (including
direct dominance × environment and maternal dominance × environment) and cytoplasm × environment interactions. Environment
factors could only affect the expression extent of dominant genes, without changing their directions. Predicted values of
genetic effects indicated that the parental lines, ‘VI-70’ and ‘H9304-1’, appeared to be best for amylose content, ‘T 1950’
and ‘Suxuan’ appeared to be best for gel consistency and alkali digestion value.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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野生稻（Oryza rufipogon）新质源雄性不育恢复系的研究 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
发掘野生稻（O. rufipogon）新型雄性不育细胞质源,育成新质源优质米不育系的基础上进一步研究新质源雄性不育恢复系的育种技术—FA型细胞质雄性不育恢复系定向育种。用野生稻（非轮回亲本）与籼稻品种明恢63（轮回亲本）杂交和多次回交,后代再经过自交,将野生稻中的可育基因分离、转移、重组、整合到明恢63遗传背景中,获得农艺性状似明恢63,花粉和小穗全可育不分离的野生稻新质源恢复系金恢1号。用新质源不育系与金恢1号组配两个组合,其花粉和小穗育性都恢复到正常可育水平,产量高,米质优,实现了新质源不育系三系配套应用和大幅度提高杂交稻稻米外观品质的目的。这项育种新技术可以将水稻可育基因（恢复基因）转移到任一水稻品种中育成细胞质雄性不育恢复系,突破了新质源恢复系育种的技术瓶颈,极大地提高了恢复系利用稻种资源的育种潜力,为FA型新质源优质米不育系的杂交稻育种开辟了一条崭新的途径。新型（FA）细胞质源杂交稻可能对丰富杂交稻细胞质遗传多样性、提高杂交稻亲本对稻种资源的利用潜力、以及实质性提高杂交稻的稻米品质和产量水平都将产生积极和深远的影响。 相似文献
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水稻(Oryza sativa L.)双胚苗遗传学的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
APⅠ、APⅡ、APⅢ和 APⅣ四个双胚苗品系分别具有16.1%、23.4%、32.4%和5.0%的双苗率,双苗中有一个中胚轴和两个中胚轴的两种类型。以双胚苗为母本与显性紫色稻杂交,F1出现1.8—3.8%的绿色双苗或单苗,因此,四个双胚苗品系中可能存在低频率的无融合生殖。双胚苗是可遗传的,受两对隐性基因控制,而双苗频率的高低则受修饰因子的 相似文献
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Kayode A. Sanni I. Fawole R. G. Guei D. K. Ojo Eklou A. Somado D. Daniel Tia S. Ayoni Ogunbayo I. Sanchez 《Euphytica》2008,160(3):389-400
The knowledge of agro-morphological diversity and the distribution pattern of variation among conserved accessions could be an invaluable aid in germplasm management and crop improvement strategies. In this study, the geographical pattern of morphological variation of 880 landrace rice (Oryza sativa (L.)) accessions in Côte d’Ivoire was evaluated for 13 agro-morphological characters. Shannon –weaver diversity index indicated an overall mean of 0.47 ± 0.07 in the collection, with the greatest diversity from derived Savanna and north-west (H′ = 0.52 and 0.50) while the west-central had the lowest diversity (H′ = 0.41). Canonical discriminant analysis showed that traits such as panicle length, grain size (weight and length), tillering ability, number of days to heading and maturity were the main discriminatory characteristics. Result of the phenotypic frequency shows that, the landraces from the north and north-western zones were mostly tall, early heading and maturity, compared to those from the west and west-central which were mainly dwarf to medium height, late heading and maturing. This differential distribution of landraces with height, heading and maturity period reflected the distribution pattern of different Oryza sativa landraces in Côte d’Ivoire, which could be useful in germplasm management and breeding programs. 相似文献
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长雄野生稻(O.longistaminata)起源于非洲,具有和亚洲栽培稻相同的AA基因组,是栽培稻改良的重要遗传资源。本研究构建了长雄野生稻全基因组fosmid文库,共获得33.6万克隆,文库的平均插入片段大小约为40kb,其中94.7%的克隆插入片段大小在30~50kb之间。挑取其中约11万克隆并保存,可覆盖10倍栽培稻基因组,对任意基因或序列的筛选概率达到了99.99%。将剩余的22万个克隆进行了末端配对测序,显示其有助于长雄野生稻全基因组测序的拼接。所构建的fosmid文库为筛选和克隆长雄野生稻的有利基因提供了研究材料。 相似文献
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Rice is mainly a self-pollinating crop, but some outcrossing has been reported. Outcrossing with an undesirable donor would lead to the creation of segregants or off-types, which would adversely affect genetic purity and uniformity of the crop. Outcrossing rates in rice under field conditions were investigated using cultivar WAB96-1-1 as a pollen donor and WAB56-104, NERICA 2, NERICA 4 and NERICA 7 as pollen recipients. Levels of outcrossing were investigated up to 30 m from the pollen donor. Dominant morphological markers of red kernel colour and pubescent leaves of the donor were used to identify hybrids. A total of 721 134 plants were investigated. There was an average outcrossing rate of 0.7 ± 0.51%, with a potential outcrossing rate of 2.45 ± 0.86%. Outcrossing rates decreased with increase in distance. It ranged from 2.45% at 0.2 m from the donor to 0.05% at 25 m from the donor. Differences were observed between genotypes and seasons. In season 1 the highest average outcrossing rate of 1.2 ± 0.63% was with WAB56-104 and in season 2 it was 1.1 ± 0.69% with NERICA 4. Outcrossing occurred up to 30 m from the donor. This has implications for germplasm management and conservation and the production of high quality seed. Spatial isolation remains the most practical method to prevent undesirable gene flow. The study indicated that red kernel colour and leaf pubescence can be used to effectively assess outcrossing under field conditions in rice. 相似文献
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海南岛的4个保护区和2个非保护区内普通野生稻与2种栽培稻(Nipponbare, 9311)的Adh2基因序列在编码区共有单现突变 9个,信息位点4个,同义突变8个,替代突变5个。内含子内有单现突变21个,信息位点29个,插入/缺失位点161个。Adh2基因在整个区域的多态性(pR, qR)均为0.011,内含子区域的多态性明显高于编码区域。在编码区域,同义位点多态性明显高于替代位点。中性测试表明虽然Adh2各区域的净化选择在统计上不具有显著性,但编码区的净化选择作用明显大于内含子区域。聚类分析表明海南普通野生稻可以划分为2大类,其中一类(QH, LD)与中国大陆普通野生稻和栽培稻更接近,另一类(WC, WA, WN, DZ)则更接近东南亚普通野生稻。 相似文献
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逆境下水稻(Oryza sativa L.)rHsp90基因的克隆及功能分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本研究中,利用差异显示法,在碳酸盐逆境下,从水稻(OryzasativaL.)根的cDNA文库中克隆得到了水稻热激蛋白90基因(rHsp90,GenBankAccessionNo.AB037681)。Northern杂交结果表明,在水稻根中,rHsp90基因的转录水平在包括盐(NaCl,NaHCO3和Na2CO3),PEG,高pH(pH8.0和pH11.0)以及热激(50℃)逆境下,都受到了不同程度的诱导。同时,适量表达rHsp90基因的酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae)在各种盐逆境以及热激逆境中,生长状态要好于对照。对转水稻rHsp90基因烟草的抗盐(NaCl,NaHCO3)分析表明,转基因烟草的生长势要好于野生型烟草。通过以上研究表明,水稻rHsp90基因与逆境之间具有一定的应答关系,并在植物适应环境逆境过程中起着重要的作用。 相似文献
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水稻粒型是影响产量的一个重要因素,为挖掘和利用野生稻中粒型相关基因并解析其功能机制,本研究以尼瓦拉野生稻(Oryza nivara)为供体亲本,粳稻品种‘滇粳优1号’(DJY1)为轮回亲本,构建了一个极小粒近等基因系NIL-J155。图位克隆获得了尼瓦拉野生稻中负调控籽粒大小的GS3基因的一个新的单倍型,命名为GS3-N(GS3 from O. nivara)。GS3-N定位在细胞膜,且在不同生长阶段的不同组织中均有表达。序列分析表明,小粒单倍型GS3-NJ155第5个外显子处有312 bp的插入和缺失,其编码的蛋白含有植物特有的器官大小调控区(OSR)和跨膜结构域,而大粒单倍型GS3-NDJY1由于第2个外显子处的无义突变,导致编码蛋白只含有部分OSR结构域。进一步的研究表明,在J155背景下分别敲除OSR和跨膜结构域都能显著增加其粒长和粒重,过表达植株则表现粒长明显变短,株高降低,穗长变短,证明GS3-N可能具有一因多效的作用。本研究结果表明作为调控粒长的负调节子,GS3-N编码蛋白和转录表达水平的差异是引起J155和DJY1粒型差异的原... 相似文献
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亚洲栽培稻籼粳亚种间杂种优势的利用是水稻超高产育种的一项很重要的手段,直接利用籼粳间杂种优势已成为杂交育种的主攻方向。要进行籼粳亚种间杂种优势的超高产育种,首先是正确判别籼粳。籼粳中间型或非典型籼粳可能来源于籼粳的自然杂交或人工杂交,也可能来源于分化前的原始型过渡品种。这些品种中有很多是广亲和材料,如果能够正确认识其在分类系统中的地位,利用这些品种作为籼粳杂交的中间桥梁,运用科学的育种方法,减少或避免亚种间产生不育或育性较差的问题,对籼粳稻杂种优势的利用、广亲和材料的选育、分子标记及基因工程的顺利进行都… 相似文献