共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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为筛选出适用于长江流域棉区的种衣剂,开展了不同种衣剂处理棉花种子试验,调查供试的7种种衣剂对棉花生长的影响以及对棉花苗期病害立枯病的防治效果。结果表明,10%拌·福悬浮种衣剂、11%精甲·咯·嘧菌悬浮种衣剂、50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂、24%苯醚·咯·噻虫悬浮种衣剂和25%咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂显著降低了相应处理区棉花立枯病的发生率,播后15d防效最高,达84.69%～94.79%,显著高于另外两种供试种衣剂25%噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂和20%噻菌铜悬浮种衣剂。各个种衣剂处理对供试品种棉花生长无不利影响。建议大田生产中交替使用拌·福、精甲·咯·嘧菌、多菌灵、苯醚·咯·噻虫或咯菌腈处理种子,以预防棉花立枯病。 相似文献
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为了探究水稻种子处理悬浮剂(FS)对旱直播水稻生长的影响，本研究采用11%的氟唑环菌胺·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵FS和18%的噻虫胺FS对三系籼型杂交稻广8优1973进行包衣，通过标准发芽试验、Q2测定、田间农艺性状调查、考种及测产，比较研究了两种FS在旱直播条件下对种子活力、水稻田间农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明：在实验室条件下，采用11%氟唑环菌胺·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵FS和18%噻虫胺FS以药浆体积与种子质量比(药种比)为1:50的比例(即1 mL药剂处理50 g种子)将药剂稀释后进行拌种，处理后的标准发芽势、发芽率及萌发启动时间(IMT)均与对照无显著差异，但其理论萌发时间(RGT)相较于空白对照(CK)显著缩短，且氧气消耗速率(OMR)相较于CK每小时分别提高了1.33%和1.38%，呈显著性差异，说明经过FS处理的种子可以促进水稻种子呼吸，能够有效提升水稻种子活力，其中经过18%噻虫胺FS处理的水稻种子IMT、RGT及OMR值的表现均优于11%氟唑环菌胺·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵FS处理；在旱直播条件下，水稻种子按药种比1:50经过两种FS处理后，其田间表现均优于CK，其中：成秧率提升27.6... 相似文献
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3种种衣剂对芸豆根腐病的防治效果 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
为了筛选对芸豆根腐病安全有效的药剂,开展了3种种衣剂对芸豆的室内安全性和根腐病田间防治效果研究。结果表明,25%噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂、25g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂和38%多·福·克悬浮种衣剂在试验设定的包衣药种比下处理种子,对芸豆种子发芽和秧苗生长安全;田间试验结果表明,在芸豆出苗后10d,25g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂和25%噻虫·咯·霜灵各处理的防效均在80%以上,其中药种比为2g/kg的25g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂处理的防病效果最好,达到92.92%。芸豆出苗后30d,药种比为2g/kg的25%噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂的防病效果最好,为59.83%,且考种期测产结果表明,增产幅度达29.43%。但25g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂处理防治效果持效期较短,芸豆出苗30d后防效均降到50%以下且产量增幅较低。综上所述,25%噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂对芸豆根腐病防治效果最好且安全。 相似文献
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种子处理对西瓜苗期3种病害的防治效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了筛选防治西瓜苗期立枯病、猝倒病和枯萎病的有效种子处理剂,在人工控制的条件下,选择了6.25%精甲·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂、2.5%咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂、3.5%精甲·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂、72%霜霉威盐酸盐水剂和50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂5种杀菌剂对西瓜种子进行处理。分析了处理种子的活力和幼苗的生长特性;以及在人工接种3种病原菌的胁迫下不同处理种子在基质中的出苗率和发病情况。结果表明:5种杀菌剂对种子的活力和幼苗的生长特性没有明显的影响,但3.5%精甲·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂包衣降低了每株幼苗的鲜重,50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂浸种则提高了幼苗的整齐度。接种西瓜立枯病菌和猝倒病菌的种子出苗率降低,接种西瓜枯萎病菌的种子出苗率没有明显变化;6.25%精甲·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂和2.5%咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂包衣种子对西瓜立枯病的防效最佳,72%霜霉威盐酸盐水剂浸种对西瓜猝倒病有一定的防效,对西瓜枯萎病的防治没有特别有效的药剂。 相似文献
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为评价种衣剂防治玉米田双斑长跗萤叶甲的可行性,通过选用内吸性强、持效期长的种衣剂,设置常规剂量对玉米种子进行包衣处理,采取田间罩网小区试验,明确种衣剂对双斑长跗萤叶甲的防效及对玉米出苗、生长的安全性。结果表明,30%噻虫嗪FS、10%氟虫腈FSC、38%噻虫胺FSC、40%噻虫嗪·溴氰虫酰胺FS、30%噻虫嗪·氟虫腈FSC、30%噻虫胺·氟虫腈FSC、20%噻虫胺·氟啶虫酰胺FSC等7种种衣剂对玉米出苗、生长均安全;38%噻虫胺FSC有效成分用量7.6 g/kg种子处理对双斑长跗萤叶甲的防治效果为70.6%～78.5%,防效最好,显著高于除30%噻虫胺·氟虫腈FSC 7.5 g/kg处理外的其他种衣剂处理(P<0.05),并且可使双斑长跗萤叶甲成虫羽化出土始现期、出土高峰期推迟5～10 d,可以使成虫高峰期避开玉米吐丝期。玉米田双斑长跗萤叶甲防控前移推荐使用38%噻虫胺FSC,有效成分剂量为7.6 g/kg种子。 相似文献
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Michael D Toews R Scott Tubbs Dylan Q Wann Dana Sullivan 《Pest management science》2010,66(10):1089-1095
BACKGROUND: Thrips are the most consistent insect pests of seedling cotton in the southeastern United States, where symptoms can range from leaf curling to stand loss. In a 2 year study, thrips adults and immatures were sampled at 14, 21 and 28 days after planting on cotton planted with a thiamethoxam seed treatment in concert with crimson clover, wheat or rye winter cover crops and conventional or strip tillage to investigate potential differences in thrips infestations. RESULTS: Densities of adult thrips, primarily Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), peaked on the first sampling date, whereas immature densities peaked on the second sampling date. Regardless of winter cover crop, plots that received strip tillage experienced significantly fewer thrips at each sampling interval. In addition, assessment of percentage ground cover 42 days after planting showed that there was more than twice as much ground cover in the strip‐tilled plots compared with conventionally tilled plots. Correlation analyses showed that increased ground cover was inversely related to thrips densities that occurred on all three sampling dates in 2008 and the final sampling date in 2009. CONCLUSIONS: Growers who utilize strip tillage and a winter cover crop can utilize seed treatments for mitigation of early‐season thrips infestation. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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50%噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂的研制及其对棉花蚜虫的防治效果 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为研制高含量的噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂,提高其对棉花蚜虫的防治效果,分别采用流点法及因素轮选法等对润湿剂、分散剂、成膜剂和增稠剂等助剂进行筛选及优化,最终采用湿法砂磨超微粉碎法研制了50%噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂,对其性能指标进行了测试,并测定了其对棉花种子发芽势和发芽率的影响以及对棉花蚜虫的田间防治效果。结果表明:以质量分数为50%的噻虫嗪为有效成分、3%的FD及1%的BC-10为润湿剂、2.5%的SP-2836及2.5%的SK-24为分散剂、1%的硅酸铝镁及0.05%的黄原胶为增稠剂和2.5%的BF308为成膜剂而研制的50%噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂性状良好,悬浮率高,热贮稳定性好,对棉花种子的发芽势及发芽率的影响较清水对照差异显著。田间试验结果显示,在有效剂量为187.5 g/hm2时50%噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂对棉花4、5叶期蚜虫的防效分别达83.94%和53.94%,适合田间应用。 相似文献
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为明确不同药剂拌种对春油菜出苗率、病虫害防效及产量的影响, 本文在3种不同种植密度下, 针对春油菜白粉病、油菜茎象甲, 选择25 g/L咯菌腈FSC、600 g/L吡虫啉SC、30%噻虫嗪SC、600 g/L吡虫啉SC+25 g/L咯菌腈FSC、30%噻虫嗪SC+25 g/L咯菌腈FSC进行了拌种处理试验。结果表明, 各拌种处理对春油菜的出苗有一定的影响, 其中600 g/L吡虫啉SC、30%噻虫嗪SC、600 g/L吡虫啉SC+25 g/L咯菌腈FSC、30% 噻虫嗪SC+25 g/L咯菌腈FSC拌种对春油菜出苗的影响大于25 g/L咯菌腈FSC拌种; 600 g/L吡虫啉SC+25 g/L咯菌腈FSC、30%噻虫嗪SC+25 g/L咯菌腈FSC拌种对白粉病和茎象甲的防效均高于单剂拌种; 600 g/L吡虫啉SC+25 g/L咯菌腈FSC拌种, 对春油菜白粉病的最高防效可达59.3%, 30%噻虫嗪SC+25 g/L咯菌腈FSC拌种对油菜茎象甲最高防效可达69.2%。白粉病病情指数与春油菜种植密度呈正相关, 拌种防效随密度增加而降低, 综合产量分析, 最佳种植密度为28.5万～34.5万株/hm2。 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Seed-borne Microdochium majus (Wollenweber) and M. nivale Fries are the primary pathogens responsible for Fusarium seedling blight in the UK. The two species show differences in pathogenicity, host preference and sensitivities to temperature, but their relative sensitivities to fungicide seed treatments are unknown. The aim was firstly to determine the efficacy of fungicide seed treatments towards single-spore isolates of M. majus and M. nivale using in vitro experiments, and subsequently to determine efficacy in vivo over a range of temperatures. RESULTS: Differences in EC(50) values between all seed treatments were evident from the in vitro experiments and ranged from 0.028 mg L(-1) for fludioxonil to 22.8 mg L(-1) for carboxin + thiram. The two seed treatments that showed best performance in vitro were used to examine efficacy towards seed-borne infection in vivo at 4, 8, 12 and 16 degrees C. Generally, seedling emergence improved and the severity of stem-base disease symptoms on emerged seedlings was reduced for both species through the use of the fungicides. The combination of fludioxonil + difenconazole showed improved performance compared with fludioxonil alone. Significantly less severe symptoms were observed through the use of fludioxonil and fludioxonil + difenconazole compared with bitertanol + fuberidazole at 12 degrees C and for all except one M. nivale infected seed lot at 8 degrees C. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in fungicide sensitivity between the two species in vitro were not evident in vivo. This is the first report of the effect of fungicide seed treatments on the control of seedling blight caused by M. majus and M. nivale. 相似文献
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Field trials were conducted in spring wheat to observe effects of jasmonic acid (JA) on aphids, thrips and wheat blossom midge (WBM). Two spring wheat varieties (Triso and Kadrilj) were sprayed twice, with two concentrations of JA plus control. Wheat pests and associated natural enemies (Coccinellidae, Empididae and Aphelinidae) were surveyed by direct count and sweep net methods. Thrips larvae and adults and WBM larvae were estimated by dissecting wheat ears. Wheat midge larvae were monitored using white traps in treated and untreated plots. At the end of season, wheat yield was assessed in treated and control plots. There was a significant difference in the number of insect pests and their natural enemies between treatments in both varieties. Plants in control plots had higher numbers of aphids, thrips and midges than in treated plots. There were more aphids, thrips and midges on the variety ??Triso?? than on ??Kadrilj??. JA application enhanced wheat yield in treated plots compared to control plots. The results indicated that JA mediated induction of plant defense in wheat plants can improve resistance against insect herbivores. JA could be used to develop environmentally sound crop management with reduced insecticide applications. 相似文献
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为明确辣椒根腐病致病菌腐皮镰孢Fusarium solani对咯菌腈的抗性风险,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了采自未使用过咯菌腈的5个省份的102株腐皮镰孢对咯菌腈的敏感性。结果表明：咯菌腈对102株腐皮镰孢的EC50范围为0.029 0～0.183 4 mg/L,平均EC50为(0.106 2±0.031 5)mg/L,敏感性频率分布为连续单峰曲线,所以可将其作为供试5个省份腐皮镰孢对咯菌腈的敏感基线。通过药剂驯化和紫外诱导并结合抗性遗传稳定性最终共获得4株腐皮镰孢抗咯菌腈突变体,抗性水平在6.94～32.43倍之间,突变频率分别为3.51×10-4(SDWF1914-Y336和SDWF1914-Y017)和7.41×10-9(SDWF1914-ZR717和JSXZ1906-ZR496)。腐皮镰孢抗咯菌腈突变体生物学性状的研究表明,抗性突变体在菌丝生长速率、产孢量与致病力方面与亲本菌株不存在显著差异。交互抗性测定结果显示,腐皮镰孢对咯菌腈与嘧菌酯、醚菌酯、多菌灵和福美双均无交互抗性。结果表明,供试腐皮镰... 相似文献
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新烟碱类杀虫剂种子包衣防治麦蚜的可行性评价 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为评价不同新烟碱类杀虫剂处理种子防治小麦蚜虫的应用潜力,采用种子包衣法分别在室内及田间比较了吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、啶虫脒、烯啶虫胺、噻虫啉防治小麦蚜虫的效果及安全性,并测定了吡虫啉和噻虫嗪的持效、对天敌和小麦产量的影响及其在小麦籽粒中的最终残留量。结果表明,在2.4、3.6和4.8 g/kg种子剂量下,啶虫脒明显降低小麦出苗率,而其它药剂均无显著影响;至抽穗前烯啶虫胺、啶虫脒和噻虫啉对麦蚜的防效低,吡虫啉和噻虫嗪则均有较高防效,在58.17%以上,而在小麦抽穗扬花期防效下降,为33.57%~60.46%。吡虫啉和噻虫嗪对叶部麦蚜防效均相应高于穗部。与喷雾处理相比,吡虫啉、噻虫嗪各剂量种子包衣对瓢虫和蚜茧蜂等天敌昆虫影响小,在3.6、4.8 g/kg种子剂量下,小麦千粒重和产量无显著差异,且在小麦籽粒中的残留量低。表明吡虫啉和噻虫嗪种子包衣防治麦蚜的应用潜力大。 相似文献