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1.
Antinephritis activity of 5 prenylflavonoids similar to glabridin (1-5), isolated from Morus alba, Artocarpus communis, Glycyrrhiza uralensis and G. inflata, was evaluated in mice with glomerular disease (Masugi-nephritis). Oral administrations of artonin E (2) or licochalcone A (4) for 10 days (30 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) reduced the amount of urinary protein excretion compared to nephritic mice. ESR spectroscopy demonstrated that morusin (1) and licorisoflavan A (5) increased the radical intensity of sodium ascorbate by about two times. Morusin, licoricidin (3), licochalcone A and licorisoflavan A showed weak scavenging activity against superoxide anion radical. 相似文献
2.
Four known lactones were isolated from Tithonia diversifolia: furanoheliangolides 1,3-dihydroxy-3,10-epoxy-8-(-2-methylpropanoyloxy)-germacra-11(13)-ene-6,12-olide (1), 1,3-dihydroxy-3,10-epoxy-8-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-germacra-4,11(13)-diene-6,12-olide (2), 1,3-dimethoxy-3,10-epoxy-8-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-germacra-4,11(13)-diene-6,12-olide (3) and, observed in natural source for the first time, furanoheliangolide 1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,10-epoxy-8-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-germacra-4,11(13)-diene-6,12-olide (4). The activity of sesquiterpene lactones on superoxide anion (O(2)(o)(-)) generation from PMA-activated neutrophils was evaluated. Compound 1 did not show a full dose dependent behavior. The IC(100) was 8+/-1, 12+/-1, and 17+/-3 microM for 2 to 4, respectively. 相似文献
3.
A new cardenolide, (17 alpha)-H-periplogenin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-2-O-acetyl-3-O-methyl-beta-fucopyranoside (1), was isolated from the roots of Streptocaulon tomentosum. 相似文献
4.
Teucrium chamaedrys L. (Labiatae), a herb used to combat obesity, can occasionally cause hepatitis. All mutagenicity tests done were negative. After 13 weeks of administration by oral route in Sprague Dawley rats T. chamaedrys proved to be well tolerated at 0.056 g kg(-1) day(-1) (i.e. 0.4 mg kg(-1) day(-1) of teucrin A). At this dose the compound induced minor effects on body weight of both males and females and slight, reversible liver changes, confined to females, which mainly consisted of hepatocellular hypertrophy. This modification, in absence of other morphological findings can be considered an adaptative metabolic, rather than toxic effect. 相似文献
5.
Reddy KD Rao BV Babu GS Kumar BR Braca A Vassallo A De Tommasi N Rao GV Rao AV 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(7):1039-1043
Phytochemical investigation of Caralluma adscendens var. gracilis and Caralluma pauciflora (Asclepiadaceae) whole plant extracts allowed to isolate one pregnane glycoside and two pregnanes characterized as 12β,20-O-dibenzoyl-5α,6-dihydrosarcostin β-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-digitoxypyranosyl-(1→4)-β-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-cymaropyranoside (1), 12β-O-benzoyl-3β,11α,14β,20R-pentahydroxy-pregn-5-ene (2), and 11α-O-benzoyl-3β,12β,14β,20R-pentahydroxy-pregn-5-ene (3), respectively. Their structural characterization was obtained on the basis of extensive NMR spectral studies. Three known pregnane glycosides along with lupeol and β-sitosterol were also isolated and characterized. 相似文献
6.
Five morphinoid alkaloids have been isolated from Dehaasia longipedicellata, namely (-) pallidine, a new alkaloid (+) pallidinine (1), (+)-milonine, (-) 8,14-dehydrosalutaridine and (-) sinoacutine. 相似文献
7.
Composition and proposed structure of a water-soluble glycan from the Keumsa Sangwhang Mushroom (Phellinus linteus) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Phellinus linteus is a mushroom which has been prized in Korea for its medicinal properties since ancient times. A glycan preparation from this source has shown promise in experimental anti-tumour and metastasis studies, but the glycan has not been well characterized. In the present work, the glycan fraction of a hot water extract from P. linteus (Keumsa Sangwhang Mushroom, Korea) has been isolated following ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis/concentration and anion exchange chromatographic steps. Analyses for monosaccharide composition showed glucose and mannose to be the major constituents. Digestion of the glycan fraction with specific glycosidases and by linkage analysis allowed us to propose a core beta(1-3) linked glucan heavily substituted via (1-6) links with beta(1-3) linked mannose chains. Significant levels of galactose and xylose, present in the glycan fraction, may be associated with this glucomannan or not. These findings are consistent with the view that a core beta(1-3)-linked glucan chain with beta(1-6) branch points is a common feature of mushroom glycans possessing anti-tumour activity. 相似文献
8.
The present study was carried out in order to examine the anticancer properties of two sesquiterpene lactones, millerenolide and thieleanin, isolated from Viguiera sylvatica and Decachaeta thieleana, against cell lines in vitro, and on the growth B16/BL6 melanoma tumors in C57BL/6 mice. Millerenolide and thieleanin showed a similar pattern of cytotoxicity with the greatest effect on viability being evident with A549 human lung cancer cells (IC(50) - 40 and 32 microM respectively), and with the 3T3/HER2 cell line which are 3T3 mouse fibroblasts transfected with the HER2 oncogene (IC(50) - 16 and 28 microM respectively). The parent 3T3 cells and the B16/BL6 mouse melanoma cells were less sensitive to these compounds, with thieleanin showing an IC(50) with B16/BL6 greater than the highest dose tested (203 microM). Treatment with millerenolide (8 mg/kg, i.p. on days 0, 2 and 4 post-inoculation) significantly inhibited the growth of subcutaneous B16/BL6 tumors in C57BL/6 mice, (50% inhibition at day 25, P=0.015), as well as retarding the appearance of detectable tumor (millerenolide - day 15.2+/-0.4 vs control - day 12.8+/-0.5, mean+/-SEM, P=0.011). In contrast, treatment with thieleanin (8 mg/kg every other day up to the day of kill) neither retarded the appearance of the tumor nor its growth. 相似文献
9.
The larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti larvae of a stem wood hexane extract of Cybistax antisyphilitica was evaluated. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extract, monitored by larvicidal assay, led to the isolation of a natural quinone identified as 2-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1.4-naphthoquinone (lapachol). This compound was quite potent against A. aegypti larvae (LC50 26.3 microg/ml). 相似文献
10.
In a 3-year field study, the effects of substitution of nitrogen requirement of maize through Leucaena leaves were studied on runoff, soil loss, maize and wheat yield and economic returns. The treatments were (1) 80 kg N ha-;1 all through Leucaena leaves (80 L), (2) 40 kg N through Leucaena leaves + 40 kg N ha-;1 through fertilizer (40 L + 40 F), (3) 20 kg N through Leucaena leaves + 60 kg N ha-;1 through fertilizer (20 L + 60 F), (4) 80 kg N ha-;1 all through fertilizer (80 F), and (5) control (No fertilizer). Green Leucaena leaf biomass (containing 3.3% N on dry basis) was incorporated every year in 15 cm top soil two weeks before sowing of summer maize.Other treatments being almost equal, runoff was reduced marginally in treatment 20 L + 60 F which was attributed to better crop growth in this treatment. Mean minimum soil loss (6.202 t ha-;1) also occurred in treatment 20 L + 60 F. Soil loss in 80 L was 13% less than in 80 F. Maize yield was at par in 80 L and 80 F. However, mean maximum yield of maize was obtained with 20 L + 60 F.Residual effect of incorporation of Leucaena leaves to maize crop was observed on wheat yield. The mean yield differences were statistically at par in all the treatments except control. The total mean net returns were statistically at par in 80 L and 80 F. However, significantly higher mean net returns (Rs 6811 ha-;1; one US$ = Rs30) were obtained with 20 L + 60 F. Substitution of N through Leucaena leaves even in small quantity may be helpful to small holders, particularly where chemical fertilizers are in short supply or too expensive. 相似文献
11.
Two new flavones were isolated from the aerial parts of Retama raetam subsp. raetam. Their structures were established as luteolin 4′-O-neohesperidoside (1) and 5,4′-dihydroxy-(3″,4″-dihydro-3″,4″-dihydroxy)-2″,2″-dimethylpyrano-(5″,6″:7,8)-flavone (2) by means of spectroscopic methods. Also present was ephedroidin (4′,5,7-trihydroxy-8-(2-hydroxy-3-butenyl)-flavone). 相似文献
12.
Wei Wang Zulfiqar Ali Xing-Cong Li Troy A. Smillie De-An Guo Ikhlas A. Khan 《Fitoterapia》2009,80(7):404-407
Two new clerodane diterpenoids 2β-methoxy-cleroda-3,13-dien-18-carboxy-15,16-olide (1) and 15ξ-methoxy-cleroda-3,12-dien-18-carboxy-15,16-olide (2) and one new nitrogen-containing clerodane diterpenoid 15-oxo-echinophyllin A (3), along with six known compounds, namely, echinophyllin A, (−)-patagonic acid, tyrosol, oplopanone, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-[(1R)-1-(1-methylethyl)-4-oxopentyl]-2-cyclohexen-1-one and 1β,6α-dihydroxy-eudesman-4(15)-ene were isolated from the leaves of Casearia sylvestris. Their structures were determined by extensive NMR techniques. 相似文献
13.
Two new sphingolipids were isolated from the 95% EtOH extract of traditional Chinese medicinal plant Isatis indigotica. Their structures were elucidated as (2S,3R)-3-hydroxymethyl-N-(2'-hydroxynonacosanoyl)-trideca-9E-sphingenine(1) and 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R)-3-hydroxymethyl-N-(2'-hydroxynonacosanoyl)-trideca-9E-sphingenine(2) on the basis of spectroscopic data. Their cytotoxic effects were evaluated by using MTT method. 相似文献
14.
The antinociceptive effect of the ethanolic extract of Melastoma malabathricum (MME) was investigated using acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test and hot-plate test in mice. It was demonstrated that the extract (30-300 mg/kg, i.p.) strongly and dose-dependently inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhing with an ED(50) of 100 (78-160) mg/kg i.p. It also significantly increased the response latency period to thermal stimuli. Furthermore, the nonselective opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone blocked the antinociceptive effect of the extract in both tests, suggesting that M. malabathricum may act both at peripheral and central levels. 相似文献
15.
A new arylnaphthalene lignan, named furfuracin (1), was isolated from the leaves of Knema furfuracea (Myristicaceae), whereas 7 known compounds including (+)-trans-1,2-dihydrodehydroguaiaretic acid, fragransin A2, biochanin A, gingkolic acid, anarcardic acid, 2-hydroxy-6-(12-phenyldodecyl)-benzoic acid and 2-hydroxy-6-(12-phenyldodecen-8′Z-yl)-benzoic acid were obtained from its stems. The structure of the new lignan was established by analysis of spectroscopic data (UV, IR, MS and NMR). 相似文献
16.
Yu Mei Zhang Ning Hua Tan Guang Zhi Zeng Abiodun Humphrey Adebayo Chang Jiu Ji 《Fitoterapia》2009,80(6):361-363
A new norlignan, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-tetrahydropyran (1), together with 9 known compounds were isolated from the branches and leaves of Taxodium ascendens. Their structures were mainly determined on the basis of MS, IR, 1D and 2D NMR spectral evidences. Methanol extract showed inhibitory activity on carbonic anhydrase II with an IC50 value of 4.27 µg/ml, acetone extract and methanol extract inhibited activity of cathepsin B with IC50 values of 2.12 and 3.71 µg/ml, respectively. 相似文献
17.
Nutrient stocks of short-term fallows on a high base status soil in the humid tropics of Papua New Guinea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Alfred E. Hartemink 《Agroforestry Systems》2004,63(1):33-43
In order to understand nutrient dynamics in tropical farming systems with fallows, it is necessary to assess changes in nutrient
stocks in plants, litter and soils. Nutrient stocks (soil, above ground biomass, litter) were assessed of one-year old fallows
with Piper aduncum, Gliricidia sepium and Imperata cylindrica in the humid lowlands of Papua New Guinea. The experiment was conducted on a high base status soil (Typic Eutropepts), and
in Papua New Guinea such soils are intensively used for agriculture. Soil samples were taken prior to fallow establisment
and after one year when the fallows were slashed and above ground biomass and nutrients measured. The above ground and litter
biomass of piper was 13.7 Mg dry matter ha-1, compared to 23.3 Mg ha-1 of gliricidia and 14.9 Mg ha-1 of imperata. Gliricidia produced almost 7 Mg ha-1 wood. Total above ground biomass returned to the soil when the fallows were slashed was the same for piper and gliricidia
(8 Mg ha-1). Gliricidia accumulated the largest amounts of all major nutrients except for K, which was highest in the above ground piper
biomass. Imperata biomass contained the lowest amount of nutrients. The largest stocks of C, N, Ca and Mg were found in the
soil, whereas the majority of P was found in the above ground biomass and litter. Almost half of the total K stock of piper
and gliricidia was in the biomass. During the fallow period, soil organic C significantly increased under gliricidia fallow
whereas no net changes occurred in piper and imperata fallows. The study has shown large differences in biomass and nutrient
stocks between the two woody fallows (piper, gliricidia) and between the woody fallows and the non-woody fallow (imperata).
Short-term woody fallows are to be preferred above grass (imperata) fallows in the humid lowlands of Papua New Guinea because
of higher nutrient stocks. 相似文献
18.
A new cyclohexanone glucoside (II) and a known cyclohexenone glucoside roseoside [I, (6S, 9S)-6-hydroxy-6-(9--D-glucopyranosyloxy-trans-7-butenyl)-1,5,5-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenone] were isolated from an ethanol extract of shirakamba (Betula platyphylla Sukatchev var.japonica Hara) leaves. The structure ofII was determined to be (6S, 9R)-6-hydroxy-6-(9-O--D-glucopyranosyloxy-trans-7-butenyl)-1, 5,5-trimethyl-1-cyclohexanone by1H-NMR and13C-NMR spectroscopic analyses. It was named dihydroroseoside. 相似文献
19.
Hedged stock plants of four full-sib families [27-2 × 27-5, 27-3× 27-1, 27-2 × 27-1, and 27-6 × 27-1 (designated B, G, R, andW)] of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) were fertilized dailywith a complete nutrient solution containing N supplied fromNH4NO3 at either 10, 25, 40, 55, or 70mg·L–1. In May (spring softwood), July(summer softwood), and January (winter hardwood) terminal stem cuttings weretaken for tissue analysis and rooting studies. Averaged over families, meantissue concentrations of N were higher in spring (1.8%) and summer (1.7%) thanin winter (1.3%). Concentrations of N increased linearly with increasing levelsof applied N. Concentrations of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) inwinter (32.8%) were twice those in spring (17.1%) or summer (16.3%), but wererelatively unaffected by N application. In contrast, starch concentrations weresignificantly higher during spring and summer than winter. The greatest numbersof orthotropic shoots 9 cm in length were produced for thespring, followed by summer, and then winter hedgings. Number of shoots producedper hedge increased with increasing applied N rates, and family B producedsignificantly more shoots than the other three families at all applied N levels.Genetic differences among families were evident as several interactions with Nrates were observed. 相似文献
20.
MD. Atiar Rahman Takeshi Katayama Toshisada Suzuki Takashi Nakagawa 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(2):161-167
Steps leading to the biosynthesis of syringyl lignans and tetrahydronaphthalene and naphthalene lignans, especially the formation
of the C2–C7′ linkage, have not been elucidated. Lyoniresinol is a typical syringyl lignan, as well as a tetrahydronaphthalene
lignan found in Lyonia ovalifolia var. elliptica. To demonstrate the biosynthetic pathway for (+)-lyoniresinol, three putative biosynthetic intermediates of lyoniresinol,
syringaresinol, 5,5′-dimethoxylariciresinol, and 5,5′-dimethoxysecoisolariciresinol, were isolated from wood. The identity
of the putative intermediates was confirmed by spectroscopic analyses, as well as by comparison of spectral and chromatographic
data with those of authentic samples previously synthesized. The stereochemistry (enantiomeric composition and absolute configuration)
of the isolated lignans were determined as (±)-syringaresinol, (8S,8′S)-(−)-5,5′-dimethoxylariciresinol [46% enantiomeric excess (e.e.)], (8S,8′S)-(+)-5,5′-dimethoxysecoisolariciresinol (91% e.e.), and (8R,8′R)-(+)-lyoniresinol (42% e.e.). The absolute configurations of (+)-and (-)-5,5′-dimethoxylariciresinols, and (+)-and (-)-5,5′-dimethoxysecoisolariciresinols
were determined by their synthesis (catalytic reduction) from (8R,8′R)-(+)-and (8S,8′S)-(-)-syringaresinols and by subsequent chiral high-performance liquid chromatography analysis.
This report was presented at the 55th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kyoto, March 2005 相似文献