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采ＣＤ系罗斯公鸡精液给１５００多只ＡＢ系罗斯母鸡进行人工授精，每隔六天输精一次，前两次每只母鸡输精量为０．０５ｍｌ，以后每次每只母鸡输精量减为０．０２５ｍｌ，在试验鸡群中共收获种蛋５３４４５枚，受精蛋４４３３６枚，受精率８３．９４％，受精蛋孵化率８０．４％，试验获得成功。 相似文献
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初配非洲黑鸵鸟繁殖性能观察 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
14只 2岁非洲黑鸵鸟 (4公 10母 )按公母比例 1∶ 2～ 3分成 4个繁殖组合 ,对产蛋、受精、孵化情况进行观察分析。结果显示 ,每只母鸵鸟年平均产蛋量为 5 5 .2枚 ,最高为 73枚 ,最低为 39枚。 4个组合鸟群之间种蛋的受精率存在显著的差异 (P<0 .0 1) , 组的受精率最高 ,为 5 9.6 % ; 组的受精率最低 ,仅 8.9%。各组的受精蛋孵化率差异不显著 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,平均受精蛋孵化率达到 92 .6 %。受精率较低的原因为公鸟年龄小 ,没有完全达到性成熟 相似文献
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韩占兵 《河南畜牧兽医(综合版)》2001,22(11):7-7,48
14只2岁非洲黑鸵鸟按公母比例1:2～3分成4个繁殖组合,对产蛋、受精、孵化情况进行观察分析。结果显示,每只母鸵鸟年平均产蛋量为55.2枚,最高约为73枚,最低为39枚。4个组合鸟群之间种蛋的受精率存在显著的差异P<0.01,I组的受精率最高,为59.6%;IV组的受精率最低,仅8.9%。各组的受精率、孵化率差异不显著P>0.05,平均受精蛋孵化率达到92.6%。本次受精率较低的原因为公鸟年龄小,没有完全达到性成熟。 相似文献
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衡阳市某鸵鸟场为了预防鸵鸟的肠道疾病 ,除雏鸟外统一用痢特灵片拌料投饲预防疾病 ,结果出现产蛋异常现象 ,现介绍如下 :1 用药情况衡阳市某鸵鸟场现有鸵鸟 50 0余只。在实施痢特灵预防期内有 1 0只鸟产蛋 ,这些鸟分 3栏饲养 ,1 ,2 ,3号栏分别饲养 4 ,3,3只母鸟 ,每天产蛋 4～ 5枚 ,非产蛋期种鸟 6只 ,后备种鸟 2 4只 ,青年鸟 ( 2月龄以上 ) 432只和雏鸟 ( 2月龄以下 ) 75只 ,均分栏饲养。为了预防鸵鸟的肠道疾病 ,今年 3月1 2日 ,该场全场除雏鸟外统一用痢特灵片(经粉碎成粉末 )拌料投饲 ,其料药比为0 0 1 5% ,青料和精料合并计算 ,即每… 相似文献
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荣成市北方鸵鸟实验场始建于 1 995年 3月 ,该场先后 2次从美国引进种鸵鸟 42只 (其中公鸵鸟 1 5只 ) ,经过 4年的精心饲养和繁育 ,目前存养鸵鸟 32 0只 ,其中种鸵鸟 1 2 0只 ,已出售种、雏鸵鸟1 2 0 0只。在 1 995年、1 996年 2年时间里 ,有 2只种鸵鸟感染沙门氏菌病 ,2 2只雏鸵鸟因沙门氏菌病而死亡。荣成市北方鸵鸟实验场先后使用抗菌素、呋喃类、磺胺类药对鸵鸟沙门氏菌病进行防治 ,效果均不理想 ,后改用中草药进行防治 ,收到明显疗效。1 流行特点鸵鸟沙门氏菌病是重要的蛋媒菌病之一。沙门氏菌对卵泡具有亲嗜性 ,经蛋垂直传播是最主要… 相似文献
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了解和认识产蛋种鸵鸟的营养需要,对鸵鸟的管理和发展是非常重要的。 良好的种鸵鸟营养是获得优良繁殖成绩和充分发挥鸵鸟繁殖潜力的条件。种鸵鸟的营养状况,不仅影响产蛋量,同时也直接影响种蛋的受精率、孵化率及其后代的品质。 根据鸵鸟的生理特性可以知道,性成熟后,雌鸵鸟用于蛋形成需要较多的营养。因此,必须在第一枚蛋形成之前,预先提高雌鸵鸟的矿物质(钙、磷)、氨基酸、维生素 相似文献
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为了进一步提高人工授精模式下种蛋受精率，笔者进行了如下试验：1)观察了02:00—18:00提前光照制度下800只48周龄海兰灰父母代母鸡产蛋时间规律，分别统计了产蛋后补充输精前后全栋47 874只海兰灰母鸡各16批种蛋受精率；2)分别使用26,58周龄海兰灰公鸡精液对58周龄海兰灰母鸡进行人工输精，随机选择合格种蛋各180枚(每周龄3个重复，每个重复60枚),入孵7 d后统计种蛋受精率、早期胚胎死亡率、活胚率；3)随机选择海兰灰和海兰褐父母代母鸡各134,195只、公鸡各20只，比较海兰灰和海兰褐父母代母鸡种蛋受精率和公鸡精液质量，然后使用海兰褐和海兰灰父母代公鸡混合精液进行配套系间交叉人工输精，连续收集种蛋3 d,入孵5 d后统计种蛋受精率、早期胚胎死亡率、活胚率。结果表明：48周龄海兰灰父母代母鸡在05:00—07:00时产蛋率较高，08:30时累计产蛋率达90%;产蛋后补充输精母鸡的种蛋数量多于产蛋后未补充输精母鸡，且平均种蛋受精率增加了0.56%(P<0.05);58周龄公鸡精液人工输精后母鸡所产种蛋的活胚率较26周龄公鸡精液提高了16.06%(P<0.01),而... 相似文献
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产蛋鸵鸟因受自身和外界因素的影响,经常出现繁殖紊乱,常见的有如下几种.1 软壳蛋许多母鸵鸟在产蛋季节体重下降,绝大多数种蛋可孵化出健康雏鸵鸟,偶尔一、二枚是软壳蛋,也算正常情况.但要不断地下软壳蛋,就要认真对待. 相似文献
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1. White Leghorn hens were artificially inseminated twice weekly with undiluted semen or semen diluted (1:3) in Tris buffer, pH 6.8 or saline solution (9 g NaCl/l); with or without pre-insemination douching of the vagina with a solution of ampicillin. 2. Pre-insemination douching reduced the bacterial load of the vagina, resulting in an improvement in fertility and hatchability, with a proportionate reduction in the embryonic mortality. 3. The fertilising and hatching abilities of saline-diluted semen were comparable with those of undiluted semen. 4. Dilution of semen with Tris buffer significantly reduced fertility, but not hatchability. 相似文献
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Two flocks of turkey breeders experienced an increased mortality and high culling rate in the first weeks of egg production. The majority of dead and culled hens had cheesy core in the cloaca and vagina. Postmortem examination revealed fibrinous pseudomembranes in the vagina and cloaca. The thickness of these membranes posed an obstruction to egg passage leading to internal laying and egg peritonitis. Swabs from cloaca and vagina produced numerous colonies of only E. coli. Investigations of this unusual vaginitis showed that these two flocks had a higher number of immature hens with present hymens, and insemination crews mistakenly inseminated all hens in which they were able to evert the cloaca. Breaking the hymen with an insemination pipette created a wound and developed extensive infection with E. coli bacteria. 相似文献
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Reproductive performance of totally confined sheep bred with semen extended in a lactose-egg yolk-glycerol buffer and stored at 5 degrees C. 
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下载免费PDF全文 Two experiments were carried out in January and May 1975 to study reproductive performance (fertility, prolificacy and fecundity) of totally confined sheep synchronized for estrus. The main objective of the first experiment was to compare reproductive performance of ewes bred naturally to those bred by artificial insemination. Semen for artificial insemination was collected by either artificial vagina or electroejaculation and stored for up to 36 hours at 5 degrees C. A second objective was to evaluate the effect of pregnant mares' serum gonadotrophin on the reproductive performance of ewes synchronized for estrus. Fertility was 53% for ewes bred by natural mating, 34% for ewes receiving pregnant mares' serum gonadotrophin and bred by artificial insemination, and 9% for those not receiving pregnant mares' serum gonadotrophin and bred by artificial insemination. There was no difference in fertility between ewes bred with semen collected by artificial vagina or by electroejaculation. A similar pattern was observed for fecundity. Average prolificacy was 2.0 with no significant differences among mating methods or pregnant mares' serum gonadotrophin application being observed. In the second experiment, the reproductive performance of ewes inseminated with semen stores at 5 degrees C for 48 to 60 hours was compared to that of ewes inseminated with semen stores for 24 to 36 hours. No significant differences in the reproductive performance were detected. Although average fertility (9%) and fecundity (19%) were low, prolificacy averaged 2.0 lambs per ewe lambing. 相似文献
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A pilot experiment with heifer heat synchronization with chlorsuperlutin-soked intravaginal tampons was conducted with 254 heifers in six herds in the North Moravian region. The rubber-foam tampons, cylindrical in shape (diameter 70 mm, height 70-90 mm), were introduced into the cranial part of the vagina, using an applicator and a vaginal speculum. Sixteen days after introduction, the tampons were removed by pulling the silon thread with which the tampons were cross-stitched. The heifers were inseminated on the second to fifth day after the removal of the tampons. The average performance in the application of the tampons was 38.5 tampons per hour, and in their removal 20.7 tampons per hour. The retention rate of the tampons was 97.6%; out of this, 79.8% of the tampons were pulled out by the silon thread. The signs of heat were good, 87.9% of the heifers could be inseminated intrauterinally. All the heifers with retained tampons were inseminated. The conception rate after the first insemination was 32.7%, after the second insemination 56.4%, and after two inseminations 68.1%. Out of the synchronized heifers, 8.1% were culled for slaughter. The drawbacks of this treatment include the low conception rate of the synchronized heifers, a high requirement for repeated insemination in the synchronized oestrus, and, consequently, a high sperm consumption. 相似文献
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Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the fate of sperm following uterine insemination. In Exp. I, five pairs of Holstein cows were inseminated with egg yolk-Tris extended semen (approximately 1.0 X 10(9) sperm; .5 ml) from five ejaculates from a single bull that had high levels (approximately 70%) of morphologically abnormal sperm. Cows were slaughtered 12 h after insemination. The genital tracts were removed and promptly clamped into defined regions. Sperm were recovered by flushing with 2.9% sodium citrate buffer. Proportions of abnormal sperm in the various regions were compared with those in the inseminate. Sperm numbers were also determined from each region. Regions of the tract varied in number of sperm (P less than .001), proportions of knobbed acrosomes (P less than .001), tapered heads (P less than .001), protoplasmic droplets (P less than .001), tail abnormalities (P less than .029) and total abnormalities (P less than .002). A total of 63.5 +/- 6.4 X 10(6) sperm was recovered. These sperm were distributed throughout the tract as follows: vagina, 91.8%; cervix, 5.4%; uterine horns, 2.7%, and uterotubal junctions-isthmi, .04%. No sperm were recovered from ampullae. Because retrograde movement of sperm from the uterus occurred in Exp. I, we conducted Exp. II to determine the extent of sperm loss from the genital tract following insemination. Three pairs of Holstein cows were inseminated with .42 X 10(9) sperm (.5 ml; egg yolk-Tris extender) from the same bull used in Exp. I (three ejaculates). All discharged mucus and urine was collected for 12 h after insemination for recovery of sperm. Aspirates (approximately 1 ml) of mucus from the vagina were evaluated during the 12-h post-insemination period for numbers of sperm and leucocytes. Sperm were also recovered from the tract following slaughter (approximately 12 h) to determine retention. Overall, 73 +/- 3.7% of inseminated sperm were recovered. Components were: inseminate lost from the genital tract in discharged mucus, 60 +/- 4.6%; lost in urine, .06 +/- .02%; aspirated from the vagina, 4.4 +/- 1%; adhered to equipment, 1.3 +/- .3%, and retained in the genital tract, 6.5 +/- 1.6%. Predicted numbers of sperm contained in discharged mucus 2 h post-insemination were greater (P less than .009) than at subsequent hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
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Lindsey AC Morris LH Allen WR Schenk JL Squires EL Bruemmer JE 《Equine veterinary journal》2002,34(2):128-132
The objectives of this study were 1) to compare pregnancy rates resulting from 2 methods of insemination using low sperm numbers and 2) to compare pregnancy rates resulting from hysteroscopic insemination of 5 x 106 nonsorted and 5 x 106 spermatozoa sorted for X- and Y-chromosome-bearing populations (flow sorted). Semen was collected with an artificial vagina from 2 stallions of known acceptable fertility. Oestrus was synchronised (June to July) in 40 mares, age 3-10 years, by administering 10 ml altrenogest orally for 10 consecutive days, followed by 250 microg cloprostenol i.m. on Day 11. All mares were given 3000 iu hCG i.v. at the time of insemination to induce ovulation. Mares were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 treatment groups: mares in Treatment 1 (n = 10) were inseminated with 5 x 10(6) spermatozoa deposited deep into the uterine horn with the aid of ultrasonography. Mares in Treatment 2 (n = 10) were inseminated with 5 x 10(6) spermatozoa deposited onto the uterotubal junction papilla via hysteroscopic insemination. Mares in Treatment 3 (n = 20) were inseminated using the hysteroscopic technique with 5 x 10(6) flow sorted spermatozoa. Spermatozoa were stained with Hoechst 33342 and sorted into X- and Y-chromosome-bearing populations based on DNA content using an SX MoFlo sperm sorter. Pregnancy was determined ultrasonographically at 16 days postovulation. Hysteroscopic insemination resulted in more pregnancies (5/10 = 50%) than did the ultrasound-guided technique (0/10 = 0%; P<0.05) when nonsorted sperm were inseminated. Pregnancy rates were not significantly lower (P>0.05) when hysteroscopic insemination was used for sorted (5/20 = 25%) and nonsorted spermatozoa (5/10 = 50%). Therefore, hysteroscopic insemination of low numbers of flow sorted stallion spermatozoa resulted in reasonable pregnancy rates. 相似文献
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Sinnemaa L Järvimaa T Lehmonen N Mäkelä O Reilas T Sankari S Katila T 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2005,52(9):466-471
The effect of artificial insemination (AI) volume on uterine contractility and inflammation and on elimination of semen in the reproductive tract of mares was examined for 4 h after AI using two methods, scintigraphy and ultrasonography. The same doses were used in both methods: 2 and 100 ml of skim milk-extended frozen semen. In the scintigraphic study, the number of reproductively normal mares was four per group and in the ultrasonographic study five per group. For scintigraphy, the semen was radiolabelled with technetium-99m. The static scintigrams were acquired immediately before and 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min after AI. The activities in the vagina and uterus were calculated and the values for sperm that had been discharged from the mare were obtained by subtracting the counts for the uterus and vagina from the total radioactivity. The dynamic scintigrams were taken continuously for the first 30 min after AI and in 5-min periods immediately after having acquired the static scintigrams. The uterine contractions were counted. In the ultrasonographic study, the mares were scanned before AI and at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 60, 120, 150, 180, and 240 min after AI, for at least 1 min each time. The examinations were videotaped and contractions counted per minute. More contractions were observed with the ultrasonographic method than with the scintigraphic method. No difference was present in the number of contractions between the groups, except in the ultrasonographic study at 4 h, when the mares inseminated with 100 ml showed more contractions than did the mares inseminated with 2 ml. The intraluminal fluid was sampled with a tampon and by uterine lavage 4 h after AI in the ultrasonographic study. The numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and spermatozoa were counted, but the differences between the groups were not significant. Under our experimental conditions and with the number of mares examined, the volume of the AI dose had an insignificant effect on contractility - with the exception at 4 h - and inflammatory reaction and on semen elimination in the uterus. 相似文献
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试验以科尔沁细毛羊为对象,研究了乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)处理对其产羔性别比例的影响。将80只母羊随机分为组LDH处理组和对照组2,然后采用孕酮海绵阴道栓对母羊实施同期发情的第4天开始对处理组按300IU/50kg体重进行LDH处理,每48h注射1次,连续注射3次;待其发情后用鲜精进行人工授精,并对输精后母羊阴道分泌物pH和妊娠后母羊血液中的乳酸脱氢酶比活性及乳酸含量进行测定;同时对LDH处理后其后代的性别比例进行了统计。结果表明:LDH处理组母羊阴道分泌物pH与对照组无显著差异(6.83±0.2vs.7.00±0.2)(P>0.05),但其妊娠母羊血液中总LDH比活性、乳酸浓度及后代雄雌性别比例与对照组均存在显著差异(356.5±137.0、9.64±0.2mmol/L)和0.4∶1vs.157.6±39.5、(1.85±0.2mmol/L)和1.1∶1(P<0.05)。由此得出∶用LDH处理可明显改变妊娠母羊血液中总LDH比活性及乳酸浓度,并可显著提高其后代雌性羔羊比例。 相似文献
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Tsutsui T Tanaka A Takagi Y Nakagawa K Fujimoto Y Murai M Anzai M Hori T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(12):1241-1245
The sperm count required were investigated to obtain a conception rate of 80% by unilateral intrauterine insemination (UIUI) of fresh semen in cats. The conception rates obtained by insemination before and after ovulation were also examined. Thirty-six female cats aged 1-7 years were used in the experiments, and the number of experimental cases was 44. Seven male cats aged 2-12 years from which semen could be collected by the artificial vagina method were used. In artificial insemination, 100 iu x 2 or 250 iu of hCG was administered on days 2-4 of estrus, and sperm were introduced into the uterine horn with a greater number of ovulations (or mature follicles) 15, 20 and 30 hr after hCG administration by laparotomy. The inseminated sperm counts were 2 x 10(6) (Exp. 1). 4 x 10(6) (Exp. 2), and 8 x 10(6) (Exp. 3). As a result, ovulation was induced in 42 of 44 cases (induction rate: 95.5%) regardless of the dosage of hCG. Conception was obtained by UIUI in two of 16 animals (conception rate: 12.5%) in the Exp. 1, five of 16 animals (31.3%) in Exp. 2, and eight of 10 animals (80.0%) in Exp. 3. Regarding the relationship between the ovulation state at insemination and conception, the conception rate obtained by insemination before ovulation was clearly higher than that obtained by insemination after ovulation (p<0.05). Regarding the number of kits compared to the number of ovulations on the inseminated side, the percentages of cases in which the number of kits exceeded the number of ovulations on the inseminated side were similar in all groups inseminated with a different number of sperm. It is therefore necessary to investigate conception rates obtained by bilateral insemination to increase the fertility rate. Based on the above findings, it was shown that the sperm count required for fertilization by UIUI is 8 x 10(6). 相似文献
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Artificial intravaginal insemination using fresh semen in cats 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Tanaka A Takagi Y Nakagawa K Fujimoto Y Hori T Tsutsui T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(11):1163-1167
To clarify the sperm count required for fertilization by artificial intravaginal insemination (AIVI), twenty-nine female cats were examined. Six male cats aged 2-12 years with normal semen quality, copulation capability, and fertility were used. In AIVI, animals received administration of 250 iu hCG once or 100 iu twice on days 2-4 of estrus to induce ovulation, and were inseminated 15, 20, or 30 hr after the initial hCG administration. The success of ovulation was judged by elevation of the peripheral progesterone level after hCG administration. AIVI was investigated at three sperm counts, 20 x 10(6) (Experiment 1), 40 x 10(6) (Experiment 2), and 80 x 10(6) (Experiment 3), with semen collected by the artificial vagina method. Semen was infused in the vagina under general anesthesia by advancing a 9 cm-long nylon probe with 1.5 mm diameter connected to a 1 ml syringe in the vagina for 3-4 cm. Ovulation was induced in 43 of 45 animals (95.6%). One of 16 animals was fertilized (conception rate: 6.6%) by AIVI in Experiment 1. In Experiments 2 and 3, conception was obtained in six of 18 animals (33.3%) and seven of nine animals (77.8%), respectively, and the mean numbers of kits were 4.0 +/- 0.4 and 3.3 +/- 0.5, respectively, and the mean numbers of kits were 4.0 +/- 0.4 (SE) and 3.3 +/- 0.5, respectively, showing no significant difference. There were no differences in the time of insemination after hCG administration and the conception rate among these groups. Our findings showed that the number of sperm required for fertilization by AIVI of fresh semen in cats was 80 x 10(6). 相似文献