共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 761 毫秒
1.
2003年4～5月利用低盐度(12)河口水在上海崇明进行了轮虫土池培育实验,并对其脂肪酸营养进行了分析和评价。经过33d培养,结果表明,(1)只要管理得当,低盐度、自然水温(平均水温为18.2℃)条件,土池培育轮虫可以实现持续稳定供应,采收时间、每日采收量和亩总产量分别达到28～29d、9.2kg/667m2·d和259kg/667m2,最高密度可达45个/ml;(2)敌害生物和饵料条件是土池培育轮虫持续稳产的关键因素;(3)土池培育轮虫EPA、DHA、AA等HUFA含量高于酵母和微绿球藻培育的轮虫,因此土池培育轮虫的营养价值好,适用于海水苗种培育。 相似文献
2.
２００１年３月从启东沿海港口购进野生菊黄东方计１５０尾，进行低盐度亲本培育、人工催产、产卵孵化、苗种培育、诱食驯化和土池淡水养殖试验，均获得成功。３０万尾菊黄东方苗种进行土池淡水养殖到２００１年１０月底，已卖出鱼种（俗称巴鱼）２７万尾，经济效益显著，是适宜在江苏沿海、内地等地区养殖的优良品种，现将低盐度育苗技术介绍如下：一、材料和方法（一）育苗设施１．亲鱼培育池：Ⅰ级池１只，Ⅱ级池３只，规格分别为Ⅰ级：８．５米×５米×１．２米，Ⅱ级：４．５米×４米×１米，室内光线１０００～２５００勒克斯。２．轮… 相似文献
3.
根据2000年9月至2002年8月两年的中东太平洋金枪鱼延绳钓探捕调查结果,对延绳钓渔获量及其分布特征进行了初步分析。结果显示,延绳钓渔获物以金枪鱼为主,大眼金枪鱼(Thun-nusobesus)等3种金枪鱼的渔获量占总渔获量75·9%。“海欣”船延绳钓作业的平均日产量为(994·8±19·9)kg/d,上钩率为(12·5±0·3)ind/103钩。主要目标鱼种大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnusalbacares)的平均日产量分别为(466·9±13·9)kg/d和(190·6±7·2)kg/d。探捕期间日产量的月间差异显著(P<0·001),6~8月为渔发汛期,日产量较高;2~5月为相对淡季,日产量较低。探捕区南部的平均日产量最高,与中、北部比较差异显著(P<0·001);东部平均日产量与西部比较差异不显著(P>0·05)。 相似文献
4.
5.
镜泊湖蒙古鲌人工繁育技术初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从镜泊湖采捕野生蒙古鲌(Culter mongolicus mongolicus)32尾进行了人工繁殖试验。结果显示,注射人工合成激素可促使成熟亲鱼自然发情产卵,水温22~25℃时,催产药物的效应时间为10 h,有5尾雌鱼产卵,共获得受精卵1.5×105粒,孵出鱼苗1.25×105尾,其受精率、孵化率和畸形率为83.6%、90.3%和6.7%。镜泊湖蒙古鲌是产黏性卵的鱼类,吸水膨胀后卵径为(1.42±0.04)mm(n=30),水温23~24℃时,从卵授精到开始破膜出苗约38 h。镜泊湖蒙古鲌的鱼苗可采用土池发塘培育,饲养30 d体长达(3.24±0.29)cm,体重达(0.35±0.09)g,饲养100 d体长为(5.96±0.33)cm,体重为(2.28±0.32)g。 相似文献
6.
本课题以提高中华绒螯蟹育苗成活率和单位水体出苗量为目的,进行育苗技术的研究。在幼体培育全过程中,注重检查、观察、水质管理。换水温差为±1℃,盐度差不超过±3‰,pH8.1—8.5,溶解氧保持4.9mg/l以上,三角褐指藻25万个细胞—5万个细胞/ml,从(氵蚤)_2开始以丰年虫无节幼体为饵料。水温17.8—24.2℃,盐度 20.1—23.8‰,中华绒螯蟹(氵蚤)状幼体经23天培养,发育成大眼幼体。育苗成活率达到27％,平均单位水体苗量4.57万只/m~2,产苗1370万只。 相似文献
7.
我国蟹类土池育苗技术研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
蟹类养殖产业已成为我国水产养殖的支柱产业之一。中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis,以下简称河蟹)、三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus,以下简称梭子蟹)、拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain,以下简称青蟹)是我国主要的养殖蟹类。目前3种蟹类土池育苗技术发展不平衡,河蟹、梭子蟹土池育苗技术较为成熟,已经普及推广并在养殖生产中发挥重要作用;青蟹土池育苗尚未有成功的报道。本文综述了我国河蟹、梭子蟹、青蟹苗种生产技术,尤其是土池育苗技术的研究进展,并对河蟹、梭子蟹土池育苗关键技术进行分析,旨在探讨蟹类土池育苗技术应用于青蟹土池育苗的可行性。 相似文献
8.
对唇鱼骨(Hemibarbuslabeo)的亲鱼培育、人工繁殖、孵化和鱼苗培育等技术进行了初步研究。试验结果表明:唇鱼骨野生亲本在池塘条件下经人工驯养可达性成熟;在水温19·0~21·0℃时一次性注射LHR-A2、HCG和DOM混合催产剂,其效应时间18~21·5h;2005~2006年采用人工催产、自然产卵及人工授精、流水孵化、豆浆法培育鱼苗等方法,共催产雌鱼44尾,平均催产率81·5%,共计产卵45·7万粒,平均受精率82·6%,孵化率77·4%,共孵出鱼苗24·5万尾。鱼苗经25~30d豆浆法培育后可达3cm以上,平均成活率为65·5%,共培育夏花15·1万尾。 相似文献
9.
解剖成熟的单环刺虫(Urechis uniconctus)成体,直接从肾管中取出新鲜精子进行实验。结果显示,单环刺虫精子为鞭毛型,头部最前端为顶体,呈奶嘴状;细胞核近似杯状,核内有核泡。中段由一个大环状线粒体组成。尾部轴丝为典型的“9+2”型结构。精液的pH值为6.5±0.2;精子密度为(4.2±0.2)×109/mL;新鲜精子经过滤海水(10 cm厚的脱脂棉过滤)的激活率为86.4%±6.3%,涡动时间为(17.0±6.9)min,寿命为(24.4±7.8)min。室温(20±1)℃下,精子保存12 h活力无显著变化,但至24 h活力明显下降;低温(4℃)可明显延长精子活力的保存时间,可保存21 d;盐度和酸碱度对精子的激活率、涡动时间和寿命都有较大的影响,精子适宜的盐度为20~30,最佳盐度为25;适宜的酸碱度为7~9,最佳为8。因此,低温可以较长时间的保存单环刺虫的精子,在盐度稍低或偏碱性的海水中精子活力较高。 相似文献
10.
胡椒鲷人工繁殖及育苗技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文报道福建省水产研究所2001年胡椒鲷人工繁育、育苗过程和结果。亲鱼经增温强化培育后，注射DOM、LRH－A2或LRH－A3、HCG等催产药物，水温20.1-26.8℃、盐度20.8-26.0条件下，效应时间为36－40h。受精卵在水温20.0-26.0℃、盐度20.0-25.0条件下，经15－25h孵出。50万尾仔鱼经42d土池生态培育后，共培育出平均全长5.4cm、平均体重3.8g变态完整的鱼苗26250尾，育苗成活率为5.25％。 相似文献
11.
Some aspects of the reproductive biology of Charybdis feriatus (Linnaeus) were investigated to identify suitable techniques for broodstock management and seed production. Likewise, factors such as ablation, water depth and light requirements affecting survival or reproductive performance were tested. Production of megalops in tanks and juveniles in net cages installed in earthen ponds was conducted. Wild‐caught berried females produced a significantly higher number of zoeae per gram body weight (BW) of the female (3300±600) than captive spawners (867±58). Ablated and unablated crabs spawned after a month and ovaries of both had oocytes in all developmental stages after spawning, indicating that ablation was not necessary. Broodstock survived higher when stocked in 1 m‐deep water and kept in dark conditions compared with shallow (0.5 m depth) water or ambient lighting. There were six zoea and one megalopa stage. Megalops were produced (survival of 2–22% in 1 tonne or 23–55% in 3 L tanks) when methods for the mud crab Scylla serrata (Forsskål) were used, but feeding with Artemia started only at the Z4 stage. Survival of megalops after 1 month was higher when stocked in net cages installed in an earthen pond (32–82%) than when reared continuously in land‐based tanks (5–11%). 相似文献
12.
Domitília Matias Sandra Joaquim Alexandra Leitão Clara Massapina 《Aquaculture International》2009,17(3):257-271
Culture of Ruditapes decussatus is clearly limited by the availability of seed, as this production proceeds almost exclusively from natural recruitment.
Artificial spawning and larval rearing programs could provide an alternative source of spat. This study was designed to evaluate
the effect of different conditioning temperatures on the broodstock maturation, spawning success and larval viability of two
geographically (north and south of the Iberian Peninsula) distinct populations of European clam (R. decussatus) collected at different periods of the year in order to create “optimal” artificial spawning and larval rearing programs.
Two batches of clams from each population were collected in October and February, and conditioned at 18 ± 1°C, 20 ± 1°C and
22 ± 1°C. Of the three variables analysed the timing of broodstock collection was the most determining factor for gametogenic
development, spawning and larval rearing. Geographic origin and conditioning temperature also greatly affected the spawning.
The results also showed that the February conditioning was more effective than October and that the best conditioning temperatures
were 20 ± 1°C and 22 ± 1°C for the northern and southern populations, respectively. These results suggest that the efficient
conditioning temperature for each population of the same species is related to the seasonal temperature regime from their
geographic origin. Larval viability and growth performance seemed to be independent of the broodstock conditioning. 相似文献
13.
Two experiments (E1 and E2) to assess the performance of tilapia broodstock and tilapia sex‐reversed fry in overwintering were conducted at the Research Institute for Aquaculture No.1 (RIA‐1) in the cold seasons of 1995–96 and 1996–97. Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) broodstock of the Thai, GIFT, Egypt and Viet strains were overwintered in deep and shallow ponds, as well as in deep and shallow hapas suspended in a single deep pond for evaluation of the influence of overwintering systems on the survival and growth of fish. Large (> 1 g) and small (< 1 g) tilapia seed were overwintered in deep hapas‐in‐ponds for comparison of their performance. In 1995–96, the coldest pond water temperature was 10–11 °C, and survival of tilapia broodfish overwintered in deep and shallow hapas‐in‐ponds was 99.6–100%. This was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than fish stocked in deep and shallow ponds (74.4–90%). The survival rate of larger monosex tilapia fry was 54%, which was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of smaller fry (33.4%). In 1996–97, the lowest pond water temperature was 15.8 °C, and fry showed similarly high survival rates in all treatments (97–100%). There was no significant difference between fry in the two size classes. The results of this study clearly indicate that hapas‐in‐ponds are useful for reducing the risk and improving the survival of tilapia broodstock and fry in the cold season. Differences in the decline in ambient temperatures year on year mean that the need for special overwintering conditions varies. Hapas‐in‐ponds are a low‐cost overwintering method that can be one of the appropriate strategies for tilapia seed production under the variable, cool temperature regimes in northern Vietnam. 相似文献
14.
Broodstock of mature Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes Temminck and Schlegel, 1846) (mean weight 0.45 ± 0.03 g; age 6 months) were maintained in glass aquaria (8 males and 8 females in each aquarium). The fish were fed commercial feed (group C) or this feed was supplemented with arachidonic acid ARA (2 % of total fatty acids in feed; group A) and one of the COX inhibitors: resveratrol (group AR) or NS-398 (group ANS) with amount 20 mg kg?1 BW day?1 of one of the COX inhibitors. The effect of 2 weeks of feeding experimental diets on reproductive parameters (fecundity, embryo and larval survival, hatching rate, and larvae body weight) was analyzed. Larvae (obtained from experimental dietary treatments) were reared for 2 weeks. The percent of spawning female and fecundity was similar in dietary treatments. COX inhibitors in broodstock diet caused a decrease in embryo survival rate. Eggs of medaka from group ANS and AR revealed the lowest hatchability rate. In contrast, group A revealed a higher hatchability rate at the same time. Larval body weight after hatching was significantly the highest in this group. At the end of the experiment, larvae body weight ranged from 1.62 ± 0.43 mg in group AN to 2.89 ± 0.74 mg in group A. These results show that the COX inhibitors decreased gamete and larval quality regardless of high levels of ARA in broodstock diet. 相似文献
15.
鱼类增殖放流站亲鱼池数值模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
增殖放流是目前普遍采用的减缓水利水电工程对鱼类影响的措施之一。亲鱼培育是增殖放流的关键环节,亲鱼培育池是增殖放流站中的关键设施。鱼池不同流速流场区域的形成与亲鱼池的结构型式、工艺尺寸、进出水流量等多种因素有关,特别是针对国内山区急流河段水电工程鱼类增殖放流站亲鱼池的数值模拟研究还处于空白。采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法对亲鱼培育池流场进行了模拟,从亲鱼适宜流速区间最大化的角度,通过标准k-ε模型对最常用圆形和矩形两种不同结构型式的鱼池进行三维建模,分析比较了不同结构尺寸圆形池与矩形池的水力学条件,建议优先采用圆形池作为亲鱼培育池的型式,最适宜径深比为6∶1～3∶1;场地紧张而采用矩形池时,适宜长宽比为4∶1～2∶1。除流场外,温度、溶氧、排污分布等其他环境因子对鱼类繁殖也有一定的影响。对于特定鱼类,应该根据其生物学特性,适时调整鱼池的流速,满足相关需求。研究结果丰富了国内鱼类增殖放流站亲鱼池结构设计内容,推荐的亲鱼池结构型式可为鱼类增殖放流站设计提供参考。 相似文献
16.
The effect of male absence on the larval production of the spider crab Maja brachydactyla Balss, 1922 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Carles G Simeó Mireia Andrés Alicia Estévez Guiomar Rotllant 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(4):937-944
The spider crab Maja brachydactyla, Balss 1922 can produce three consecutive broods per breeding season in the wild, whereas females in captivity can spawn up to four times in the absence of males. The effect of male absence on the larval production of the spider crab M. brachydactyla was studied in a 2‐year experiment in which females were kept in captivity in the presence or absence of males. The broodstock were maintained under natural photoperiod conditions, temperature (18.5 ± 1.0°C) and salinity (34.8 ± 0.7 g L?1). The number of larvae, and when possible, the dry weight and proximate biochemical composition of each larval batch were calculated and the data grouped seasonally. The larval production (P < 0.001) and protein content (P = 0.037) were significantly lower in the absence of males. However, considering that the larval production in male presence decreased due to the low female survival rate, particularly in the last part of the experiment, the presence of males should be managed to maintain a high larval production and condition without jeopardizing the survival of females. Therefore, we recommend keeping females segregated from males and transferring males to female tanks only to mate. 相似文献
17.
Water quality and plankton densities in mixed shrimp-mangrove forestry farming systems in Vietnam 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Water quality and plankton densities were monitored in shrimp ponds at 12 mixed shrimp‐mangrove forestry farms in Ca Mau province, southern Vietnam, to detail basic water chemistry and assess whether conditions are suitable for shrimp culture. In general, water quality was not optimal for shrimp culture. In particular, ponds were shallow (mean ± 1SE, 50.5 ± 2.8 cm), acidic (pH < 6.5), had high suspended solids (0.3 ± 0.03 g l?1), low chlorophyll a/phytoplankton concentrations (0.2 ± 0.05 µg l?1 and 8600 ± 800 cells l?1 respectively) and low dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (3.7 ± 0.15 mg l?1). Eight out of the 12 farms sampled had potentially acid sulphate soils (pH < 4.2). Salinity, DO and pH were highly variable over short time‐periods (hours); DO in particular was reduced to potentially lethal levels (1–2 mg l?1). Seasonal variations in water chemistry and plankton communities (i.e. salinity, DO, phosphate, temperature, phytoplankton and zooplankton densities) appear to be driven by differences in rainfall patterns. The presence or absence of mangroves on internal pond levees (‘mixed’ versus ‘separate’ farms) and the source of pond water (rivers versus canals) were of lesser importance in determining water quality patterns and plankton biomass. Zooplankton and macrobenthos densities were sufficient to support the current (low) stocking densities of shrimp. However, natural food sources are not adequate to support increases in production by stocking hatchery reared post larvae. Increasing productivity by fertilization and/or supplemental feeding has the potential for adverse water quality and would require improvements to water management practices. Some practical strategies for improving water quality and plankton densities are outlined. 相似文献
18.
瘤背石磺滩涂生态繁殖的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
2006年6~10月,在长江口北支崇明沿岸的芦苇滩涂上进行了瘤背石磺生态繁殖的实验,观察了瘤背石磺繁殖期的性腺发育、交配与产卵、生殖性能、胚胎与幼体发育和繁殖期的其它生态习性。结果表明:(1)瘤背石磺的性腺发育可以初步分为四期,7~8月份亲本石磺的性腺发育主要处于Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期,9~10月份亲本石磺的性腺主要处于Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期,5g以下的当年繁殖个体性腺发育均处于Ⅰ期;(2)实验区的瘤背石磺多为两个体间的交配,夜间和白天均可见交配个体,7~8月初为交配盛期,9月中旬后很少见交配个体。实验区的瘤背石磺有3个产卵高峰期,最后一个产卵高峰期的产卵量(8月28~29日)远低于前两个产卵高峰期,单只瘤背石磺每次所产卵块面积为10~40 cm2之间,平均每次产卵量为(10.14±3.56)×104cell/只亲本石磺,单个受精卵湿重为(8.95±0.55)μg,受精卵的孵化率为(92.50±3.63)%;(3)实验区瘤背石磺胚胎发育时间为4~10 d,孵化的面盘幼虫10 d后可以顺利发育到匍匐幼虫阶段,匍匐幼虫经过15 d左右可以发育成0.2 g左右的幼体石磺,但是成活率极低,其变态过程和变态条件不详。 相似文献
19.
In order to obtain an appropriate and reliable method for the mass production of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) fingerlings. experiments on artificial reproduction and pond rearing were carried out in the Republic of Congo in 1987-1991. Reproduction could be induced throughout the year using common carp pituitaries (3 mg kg?1 female). The average relative fecundity of females varied between 1.3%± 0.3 (SEM) and 14.3%±1.3 (SEM). The average hatching percentage of the eggs varied between 28.4%± 4.5 (SEM) and 59.1%± 3.7 (SEM) respectively, in the dry and rainy season. The fluctuation of the relative fecundity as well as the fluctuation of the hatching percentage follows the seasonal fluctuation in rainfall and temperature. The use of a net cage made of mosquito netting (1 m3, 0.5 mm mesh size) and the roots of water hyacinth (E. crassipes) as an egg incubator proved to be reliable. In ponds not protected against frogs an average of 5.0 ± 2.9 (SEM) fingerlings m?2 per 40 days cycle were obtained, whereas in ponds completely surrounded by a wall of aluminium roof plates (0.8 m high) the average production was 32.3 ± 3.3 (SEM) fingerlings nr- per 40 days cycle, when they are stocked with approximately 100 larvae m?2. Increasing the larval stocking density or extending the rearing period did not improve the final production. The main causes of low production in unprotected ponds are competition for food resources due to the presence of phytophagous frog larvae and cannibalism among the fingerlings of Clarias gariepinus. An analysis showed that the system is labour orientated, technically reliable and economically feasible when the fingerlings can be sold for USS 0.07 apiece. 相似文献
20.
The use of the Chilean oyster. Tiostrea chilensis (Philippi. 1845), for aquaculture has been hampered by difficulty in obtaining commercial quantities of larvae due to the low fertility of the existing broodstock of this species taken from well-known populations in Chile and the South Island of New Zealand. The larval productions of two wild populations of this oyster in northern New Zealand were assessed as potential alternative sources of broodstock for aquaculture. The study found both populations produced larvae from young, small oysters, and that a much larger proportion of the population was brooding larvae each year than has been reported elsewhere. The mean fertility of one of these populations, at 71 056 ± 3701 (SE) larvae per oyster, was the highest reported for any population of this species. The significantly higher fertility of these populations makes them well suited for further development as broodstock for aquaculture. 相似文献