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1.
为了优化小叶榕抗菌活性内生菌的发酵条件,提高其发酵液生物量和抗菌物质的量。笔者采用单因子试验对小叶榕内生细菌QYPT-B01菌株发酵条件优化,确定了QYPT-B01菌株在本试验中的最优发酵条件为:玉米粉3%,豆饼粉4%,K2HPO4·3H2O 0.3%,初始pH 8.0,装液量30%,接种量1%,摇床转速160 r/min,培养温度34℃。在上述条件下培养48 h,发酵液中生物量达到峰值,测得OD值为7.95,与优化前相比较,OD值提高了52.0%(优化前OD值为5.23)。培养72 h,抗菌物质产量达到峰值,此时发酵滤液对铜绿假单胞菌的抑菌圈直径为26.42 mm,与优化前相比较,抑菌圈直径提高了13.5%(优化前抑菌圈直径为23.28 mm)。在优化的发酵条件下,QYPT-B01菌株发酵液的生物量和抗菌物质的量均有明显增多,为后续分离纯化、鉴定其发酵滤液中的抗菌物质,探究其抑菌机制,开发生防菌剂或新型抗生素奠定基础。  相似文献   

2.
精制茶厂不同工序茶尘物理特性的比较研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
茶尘是影响茶叶品质和损害制茶工人身体健康的重要因素,通过对茶厂精制车间茶尘的浓度、组成、和粒度的研究,为茶厂粉尘控制提供理论依据与技术途径。试验采用在线检测、收集的方法,以红茶精制的5道工序各自所产生的粉尘为材料,设置近旁和1.2m处2个距离水平,于茶尘粒径≤2.5μm、2.5<φ≤10μm 分别在4h和8h时间条件下,进行浓度、组成及粒度的相关分析。结果表明,在浓度方面,当φ≤2.5μm时,最大值出现在分筛机,分别为65.321 mg/m3(近旁、8h)、47.354 mg/m3(1.2m、4h)和44.987 mg/m3(1.2m、8h),而当2.5<φ≤10μm时,撩筛机产生的茶尘浓度最高,分别高达29.667 mg/m3(4h)、26.919 mg/m3(8h);比较设备近旁和1.2m处,分筛机近旁>1.2m处,抖筛机和风选机与之相反,紧门机无变化。在组成与粒径方面,撩筛机和风选机可入肺茶尘数量是1.2m处>近旁,设备1.2m处可入肺茶尘数量占比最高达82.1%,出现在风选机;茶尘总粒度(包括φ≤2.5μm和2.5<φ≤10μm)为近旁<1.2m处,分别为59.7%、67.8%;紧门机两处不同类茶尘所占的比重均相同。上述结果说明,不同工序茶尘的物理特性存在较大差异,各工序茶尘物理特性差异与设备的机械性能、工艺参数及其空间布置直接相关。  相似文献   

3.
为降低水的硬度,以一定粒径的细砂为填料,构建新型造粒反应器软化高硬度水。反应器在中温(20 ℃)条件下运行,通过改变pH值、填料粒径、水力条件、反应时间检测填料中碳酸钙的含量,考察反应器性能。试验结果表明,控制原水的pH值大于12、砂石填料粒径为0.2~0.5 mm、原水进水流量为10~35 mL/s,反应器的运行效果达到最佳。随着反应器运行时间的延长,细砂填料表面附着的碳酸钙晶体逐渐增多,运行15 d左右填料表面所附着的碳酸钙晶体达到饱和,将沉下的填料取出,更换成新的填料。反应器对原水硬度的去除率为58%~67%,出水水质良好。  相似文献   

4.
人工湿地处理农业径流研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了处理农业径流的污染,本研究采用水平潜流人工湿地对农业径流进行处理试验,以减轻河流污染。结果表明,进水流量2.5m3/d运行条件下,水平潜流人工湿地有较好的处理效果。潜流人工湿地CODcr、TN、NH4+-N、TP的平均去除率均分别达到49.65%,51.37 %,56.24% 和59.12%;潜流人工湿地系统的出水CODcr、TN、NH4+-N、TP平均含量分别达到Ⅱ类水质的含量,Ⅴ类水质的含量, ,Ⅱ类水质的含和Ⅳ类水质的含量。通过对人工湿地处理系统影响因素分析表明:进水流量的控制非常关键,适宜的进水流量处理效果最佳。  相似文献   

5.
高效氟氯氰菊酯水乳剂配方及其润湿性能研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
为研制出具有较好稳定性及润湿展布性的高效氟氯氰菊酯水乳剂,选用国内常见乳化剂进行配方筛选,采用激光粒度仪进行粒径分布研究,用视频光学接触角测量仪测定其表面张力(悬滴法)和接触角(座滴法)。结果发现,4种具有较好稳定性的配方其粒径(中位径)在0.8~2.12 μm间,且热贮后有增大现象;药剂表面张力在40~53 mN/m之间,显著低于去离子水(73.66 mN/m);药剂在苹果叶面上的接触角为46~74度,且在0~60 s内呈显著下降趋势。其中13号配方表面张力最低,与苹果叶面接触角最小,且下降趋势最明显。研究表明4种配方均具有较好的稳定性和润湿性,尤其是13号配方,铺展速度最快,易润湿,宜用于苹果树喷洒。  相似文献   

6.
超声波联合混凝法处理制药废水的研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
为了探讨单独超声波降解法、混凝法及2种方法联合处理制药废水的可行性,研究了超声波辐射时间、功率以及混凝剂的种类、浓度对制药废水中COD和NH3-N去除的影响。结果表明:(1)超声波单独处理制药废水时,COD和NH3-N去除率先随着超声波辐射时间(200~1000 s)的增大而增大,最佳时间为1000 s,COD和NH3-N的最大去除率分别为27.80%、45.34%;超声波辐射时间为1000 s,COD和NH3-N去除率随着超声波辐射功率的增大而先增大后减小。(2)单独用混凝剂处理制药废水时,COD的去除率随着混凝剂的浓度(0.1~0.6 g/L)的增大而先增大后减小,PAC在0.3 g/L时为最佳,COD的去除率为40.10%,NH3-N的平均去除率保持在5%左右。(3)在各自的最佳状态下,先用超声波处理后加混凝剂比先加混凝剂后用超声波处理的COD和NH3-N的去除率高,分别为61.24%、58.63%。试验表明,先用超声波处理后加混凝剂比先加混凝剂后用超声波处理对COD和NH3-N的去除率高。  相似文献   

7.
摘要:采用规格为3 m3/d的一体式中空纤维膜生物反应器(MBR)对某果汁厂石榴浓缩汁生产废水进行了净化处理应用研究。实验结果表明:当进水CODCr为756~1097 mg/L时,出水CODCr为34~95 mg/L,CODCr去除率为89.5%~97.0%。膜的截留作用占总去除率的10%~20%。该装置连续运行了60 d,出水均稳定达到排放标准。采用膜生物反应器工艺处理果汁废水技术可行、操作简单、易于管理,可节省50%左右的添加营养物质氮磷的成本,为工业规模应用提供了技术参考。  相似文献   

8.
不同品质类型小麦籽粒淀粉粒度的分布特征   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
选用小麦强筋品种德丰3号、德99-3和弱筋品种滨育535和鲁麦21,研究了籽粒中淀粉粒度、淀粉粒的体积、数目和表面积的分布特征,及其与小麦籽粒蛋白质和淀粉含量的相关性。结果表明,成熟期小麦籽粒含有A (>9.8 μm)、B (<9.8 μm)两种类型淀粉粒,其粒径为0.37~52.60 μm。淀粉粒的体积和表面积均表现为双峰分布;淀粉粒的数目表现为单峰分布,其中B型淀粉粒数目占总数的99%以上。在强筋品种中,B型淀粉粒所占体积和表面积百分比相对较高,而弱筋品种中A型淀粉粒体积、表面积百分比相对较高。籽粒直链淀粉和总淀粉含量与2.0~9.8 μm和<9.8 μm的淀粉粒体积百分比分别呈显著和极显著负相关,与9.8~18.8 μm的淀粉粒体积百分比呈极显著正相关。籽粒蛋白质含量与2.0~9.8 μm和<9.8 μm的淀粉粒体积百分比呈显著正相关,而与9.8~18.8 μm的淀粉粒呈极显著负相关。籽粒淀粉和蛋白质含量均与其他粒径范围的淀粉粒体积无显著相关性。  相似文献   

9.
太行山区香椿矮化密植修剪整形技术的研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
为改变太行山区香椿传统的种植方法,达到香椿生长快、树势强、易采摘、总产高、便于大规模种植的目的,通过3年的试验示范,研究山区露地香椿栽培密植、摘心或短剪的时间、劈拉枝的时间及角度等矮化密植修剪技术。结果表明,香椿以行株距1.5 m×1 m,密度6750株/hm2左右为宜;幼壮树壮梢宜在6月下旬-7月上旬、弱树弱梢在6月上中旬摘心或短剪;在春季树液未流动至发芽前或6月中下旬平茬;骨干大枝和多年生的强旺枝组在5月中下旬进行劈拉枝,主枝角度宜拉至80o左右,幼树的1~2年生枝一般宜在第3~4年的8月中旬至9月上旬拉枝,拉成水平状态(90o左右)。笔者率先采取劈拉相结合的技术,创新试验出香椿劈拉的方向和角度,使香椿矮化密植3年后每公顷增产30%左右。  相似文献   

10.
沙尘天气下大气电场与颗粒物关系研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
大气电场对各种气象要素的变化有着敏锐的反应,对一个地区大气电场特征的研究,有助于分析各种相关的天气过程,对该地区气候特征的研究也有重要意义。本文给出了太原地区3次沙尘天气下2个气象站内大气电场与大气颗粒物以及风速、湿度等气象要素相关性进行分析。结果表明,沙尘与晴天天气的大气电场有较大的差别,当沙尘到来后,大气电场值迅速下降,并且始终保持为较大的负值;沙尘天气下大气电场、PM10、PM2.5都发生剧烈的变化,PM1.0变化相对较小,其中沙尘天气下大气电场的绝对值、PM10、PM2.5分别比晴天天气下的值高3.94~5.74、2.07.94~5.89、1.28~5.91倍,沙尘天气下的PM1.0比晴天降低0.25~0.75倍)。不同粒径颗粒物的起电机理以及颗粒物来源不同导致颗粒物与大气电场的相关性不同,其中PM10、PM2.5呈较高的正相关,PM1.0呈负相关,且相关性较低。由于郊区站与城市站的下垫面不同,较大的风速将郊区站地表较大粗粒子吹起,使得郊区站沙尘大气电场在一些时段内会出现正值。  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, according to the study on a great number of experiments and data analyses, the sedimentation rule of solid particles in debris flow is set up. Three main factors that influence the particle sedimentation in debris flow were studied; the basic reasons to influence the particle sedimentation were analyzed. The particle sedimentation in debris flow could be divided into three stages,i, e. the starting stage, the quick sedimentation stage and the accumulation stage,and detailed analysis on the sedimentation process each stage was made. The liquid viscosity, particle quality and additional water pressure have an important role on the sedimentation rule of the particle in debris flow.  相似文献   

12.
The gas-solid two-phase flow characteristics of fine particles in the filter media were simulated based on CFD-DEM (Discrete Element Method) in this study, and the particle group, particle size distribution, and the rebound effect between particles, particle and fiber were taken into account the calculations. Additionally, the movement characteristics of the particle group and the deposition form of the fine particles in the fibrous filtration were analyzed. The results indicate that it is convenient and feasible to simulate the filtration process of the filter media as well as the deposition process and form of the fine particle on the media surface using CFD-DEM, and the simulation results are consistent with the experimental observations in the literature. The surface filtration has larger contribution to the filtration process, and most of the particles are captured by the media surface. Meanwhile, parts of smaller particles that enter into the media are captured by the depth filtration. A larger number of particles are collected by the particle-particle capture mechanism. The filtration efficiencies of the filter media are varied with the particle systems, and for the model of the filter media in this study, the filtration efficiency of the multi-particle system is about 20% higher than that of the single-particle one.  相似文献   

13.
许昌市街道灰尘粒度特征及其来源分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
为获得许昌市街道灰尘的粒度特征和判断其主要来源,利用Mastersizer 2000激光粒度分析仪对2012年3月采集的许昌市街道灰尘样品进行粒度分析。结果表明,许昌市街道灰尘以粉砂为主,其次是砂粒,粘粒含量最少。粒度呈三峰型尖锐曲线,第1众数为30~145μm,第2众数为4~15μm,第3众数为0.5~1μm,平均粒径在25.42~236.15μm,分选性差,负偏。许昌市街道灰尘粒度分布与现代尘暴降尘的粒度分布模式相似,说明许昌市街道灰尘沉积是风积作用的继续,即街道灰尘主要是由低空季风环流产生的粗粒粉尘和由西风环流控制细粒粉尘混合搬运的结果,同时建筑工地就地起源的粗颗粒物质导致部分样品粒径偏大,反映出建筑行为对街道灰尘的贡献。  相似文献   

14.
The three dimensional numerical solution for differential equation of motion of sparse solid particles in flow fields is derived. Taking free sedimentation of solid particles as an example, using dimensionless differential equation, the movement rule of solid particles in water and air is numerically analyzed. The contribution of Basset force on solid particles in different density flow fields is paid much attention to. The results show that the Basset force and drag force are in the same magnitude when solid particles move in water; the effect of Basset force can be neglected when solid particles move in the air; and the Basset force should be considered when river water source heat pump and the flow of silt particles are studied.  相似文献   

15.
草莓果实含水量对品质的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
将土壤水分控制在不同水平,获得了130个不同含水量的果实,分析表明:随着果实含水量的减少,果实大小、滴定酸含量降低,可溶性总糖、糖酸比、色相和硬度增加。在提高糖含量的过程中,蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖提高的幅度并不一样,从而改变了3种单糖占可溶性总糖的比例,果实含水量与果实Brix、糖酸比的相关系数为-0.71和-0.61。  相似文献   

16.
For a further understanding of biofilter, a mathematical model is developed based on the analysis of the main effects on the up flow anaerobic biofilter(UFAB), which can characterize not only the substrate removal dynamics but also the gradual biofilter clogging. The model considers three aspects: the biological reaction, deep filtration and hydrodynamics, and consists of flow rate of UFAB, the substrate and suspend solid concentration in the influent, and diameter, surface area, porosity of support medium. By applying the model to the experimental UFAB, and contrasting the simulated and experimental data, the authors prove the model can simulate availably the performance of the biofilter, which is operated on different loading and environment. The model can be used as an effective tool for the wastewater treatment plants operation management and the biofilter optimizing design accurately.  相似文献   

17.
In this paper, the water model method is used to optimize the flow behavior of asymmetrical five streams L-type tundish in a steelmaking plant. The results show that the optimization plan is set up with turbulence suppressor T+ vice guide wall D2+ main guide wall with three holes (D1a) which consists of top two holes with 25° inclination and one hole with 30° inclination below. With this plan, the time which the colorants reach to the outlets increases, the difference of response time in all outlets decreases, the peak concentration of the RTD reduces, the existence time of high concentration liquid steel extends, and the ratio of dead zone in each streams reduces.  相似文献   

18.
This paper investigates the characteristics of the particle motion in circular cylinder wake flow of leeward side by simulating the micro particle flow around circular cylinder using Euler two fluid model combined with Reynolds stress model. It compares the particle velocity and concentration of different particle size in the leeward area. The results show that the vortex is formed after the gas flowed passing the cylinder, and the concentration and velocity of particles are affected by the turbulent intensity in the leeward side. Gas entrainment vortex and particles own inertia decide the flow form of fine particle around the cylinder. Both effects impact the particle concentration distribution of different size particles in the leeward area. With the increase of particle size, the particle concentration increases at the beginning and then decreases in the leeward area.  相似文献   

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