共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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PP333对山楂幼树新梢生长、干径增粗和树冠体积的抑制作用,经用新复极差( SS R)法检验,差异均达到显著和极显著水平。特点是缩短新梢节间,抑制新消伸长,新梢叶片数随浓度的加大而逐渐减少。新梢叶片数过少,必然影响叶面积,但由于减少了新梢生长量,也相对的减少了用于枝干的养分消耗,对于向生殖生长方面转化是有利的.所以,应用PP333抑制山楂密植园新梢生长量,控制树冠。是比较有效的措施。 单纯从抑制新梢生长量,促进树体矮小紧凑方面考虑,PP333浓度以1000 ppm为宜,并且在喷后一周以上才能发挥最佳抓制效果。 B92000ppm+乙稀利400ppm抑制… 相似文献
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本试验采用溶液培养和正交设计,比较了氮素形态(NO_3~--N和NH_4~+-N)、溶液pH值(pH5.5和pH7.5)和氮素浓度(240ppm和120ppm)对红桔和枳根系生长的影响。结果表明,氮素形态对根系生长具有十分显著的影响。NH_4~+-N营养植株的根系生长较NO_3~--N营养植株的差,表现根最少,吸收根数量较少,较细。本文还对NH_4~+-N抑制柑桔根系生长的可能原因进行了讨论。 相似文献
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在德克萨斯Rio Grande盆地的一个伏令夏橙和两个红路比葡萄柚园,对叶面喷施ZnSO_4和MnSO_4的效应进行了4年的研究。研究按浓度当量216和168ppm金属Zn和Mn每年喷施1—3次。试验(1)中对照伏令夏橙植株的叶片Zn为13—26ppm(干基),Zn缺乏症状占树冠的1—2%。试验(2)和(3)中的对照葡萄柚植株叶片Zn水平分别为17—46ppm和12—31ppm。试验(2)的植株未显现缺Zn症状。试验(3)的症状无常并因B过量而模糊。叶面喷施 相似文献
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于1987～1989年对7年生巨峰葡萄(4.5亩)进行了喷布不同浓度的矮壮素试验。矮壮素(湖南农药厂产)处理浓度为500、670、1000和2000ppm,于初花期(5月23～25日)喷布,每处理80株,重复两次。清水做对照,均设有保护行。 两年试验结果表明:①在初花期喷布矮壮素对巨峰葡萄座果率均有一定的促进作用,其中1000和2000ppm均极显著地高于670、500ppm和对照;1000和2000ppm之间相比差异不明显;670ppm显著地高于500ppm和对照;500ppm对应果率也有增高的趋势,0.-J一与对照比差异不显著,③由于不同程度的提高了座果‘民从而也有职于产量的提高,。各浓度处理比… 相似文献
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三种葡萄砧木解剖构造与嫁接植株新梢生长量关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1985—1986年研究黑龙江省三种葡萄砧木(山葡萄,Beta,BA_1)两个主栽品种及其嫁接植株的解剖构造和生长量,试验表明,砧穗的解剖构造与嫁接植株新梢生长量之间存在着密切关系,尤其以导管占木质部的比率和导管面积与新梢生长量之间存在极显著的正相关关系,导管占木质部比率的差异是影响嫁接植株生长量的决定因素。三种砧木分别与红香水嫁接,嫁接植株生长量大小顺序为:红香水/Beta>红香水/BA_1>红香水/山萄葡,与巨峰嫁接,生长量大小顺序是巨峰/Beta>巨峰/BA_1>巨峰/山葡萄。 BA_1砧对嫁接植株生长量方面的影响居中,Beta较大、山萄葡较小。 相似文献
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钛在土壤中含量一般认为可达3000-6000ppm、作物较易吸收利用的却常在11ppm 以下,而植物体对钛的需要量约在1—50pp m之间。因此,对多种作物叶面喷施一定剂量的钛化合物,有提高产量、增进品质的作用。 为探索钛化合物在桃树上的应用效果,我们于1986—1987两年对18年生5月红桃进行了喷钛试验。钛化合物由北京有色总院307室提供(含纯钛10%粉剂,pH6左右)。 试验设3ppm和 10ppm两个处理浓度,以喷等量清水为对照,每处理5株,重复四次。于幼果期进行喷布(10公斤/株)。 苹果:喷钛对五月红桃生长和结实都起到积极促进作用。如喷2ppm 钛水溶液后,一… 相似文献
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以番茄品种"金果1号"为试验材料,研究了番茄植株在日光温室内生长发育、干物质生产等规律。结果表明:日光温室番茄株高、叶数、叶面积以及干物质生长量均与定植后的生长天数呈明显线性关系,随着生长天数的增加,其相应生长规律分别为2.77cm/d,0.3片/d,78.8cm2/d,9.12g·m-2·d-1。试验还表明番茄植株的干重需达到42g以上才开始坐果,并且果实干重与植株总干重之间呈线性关系,坐果后,植株总干重每增加1g,果实干重约增加0.7g。干物质在根、茎、叶中的分配比例从开花前到坐果后呈明显下降趋势,果实干重在植株总干重中所占比例显著增加,达到60%以上。番茄干物质生产量与温室有效积温(10℃的温度总和)有很强的线性关系,每个有效积温单位(℃·d)干物质的生产量约为0.67g/m2;植株干物质生产与太阳辐射量之间也有较强的线性关系。 相似文献
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以拟南芥为试验材料,向培养基中添加不同浓度的NaCl模拟盐胁迫、不同比例的PEG-6000模拟水势胁迫,观察并记录种子萌发率、幼苗根长、幼苗存活率等生理指标,检测幼苗中丙二醛(MDA)含量,研究了盐胁迫和水势胁迫对拟南芥种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,以期明确盐胁迫程度和水势影响拟南芥植株生理状态的规律,为水势和盐胁迫处理提供依据。结果表明:当NaCl浓度等于及高于150 mmol·L-1时,幼苗平均根长为5.2 mm,显著低于对照组(24.8 mm);幼苗平均存活率为52.1%,显著低于对照组(98.1%)。当水势等于及低于-0.7 MPa时,幼苗无侧根生长,平均存活率为89.2%,显著低于对照组(98.7%),由此可知,NaCl浓度150 mmol·L-1和水势-0.7 MPa是拟南芥胁迫处理的阈值,当NaCl浓度高于150 mmol·L-1,或水势低于-0.7 MPa时,拟南芥种子萌发及幼苗生长被明显抑制。 相似文献
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This study was carried out in order to give some information that could improve spinach nutritional status and productivity. In this paper, the effect of two N forms (N was added either as 100% nitrate or as 80% nitrate and 20% ammonium) and three Fe levels (0 μM Fe; 20 μM FeEDDHA; 3 μM FeEDDHA + 10 mM NaHCO3) on the growth, chlorosis symptoms and shoot nutrient element accumulation was studied in spinach plants (var. Viroflay), grown in hydroponics; six treatments and three harvests (at about 20 days interval each, until plants reached their commercial size) were applied in total. The results indicated that under conditions of Fe sufficiency (20 μM Fe), mixed N nutrition induced higher production of dry matter as well as improved Fe, Mn and Zn plant nutritional status. In plants grown under Fe deprivation (0 μM Fe), shoot Fe concentration was not significantly affected by the N form until the end of the experiment despite mixed N nutrition induced higher dry matter production up to harvest 2; plants grown under Fe deprivation and with mixed N nutrition presented also higher shoot Mn and Zn concentration. Under conditions of high concentration of bicarbonates and low level of Fe (3 μM Fe + 10 mM NaHCO3), the N form had not a significant influence on total dry matter production whereas shoot Fe and Mn accumulation in 100% NO3-fed plants was found to be significantly reduced compared to mixed N nutrition; regardless of the N form, those plants presented the least dry matter production, highest intensity of leaf chlorosis as well as highest root ferric reducing activity compared to plants grown under Fe deprivation. 相似文献
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苹果不同施肥方式对铁的吸收、运输与分配的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
红色邻二氮杂菲铁示踪结果表明: 二价铁肥根系输液以二价态由根被动吸收, 由靠近形成层的木质部, 运输到根、茎、叶及其主脉内, 运输速度每小时可达数十厘米。室内营养液培养的八棱海棠苗用59Fe示踪, 结果表明, 断根中分配的59Fe为19.3% , 叶中70.9% , 断1、2、3条根59Fe在叶中分配的比例分别为57.9%、63.6%和68.0%。铁肥树干强力高压注射以二价铁沿中央木质部的导管运输, 大部分向下运往根系, 根中贮存大量的铁, 向上运输稍难。运输速度每小时达数百厘米, 矫正缺铁失绿症的速度比根系输液慢, 但由于根中贮存大量的铁, 持效期较长。铁可以通过枝条和叶片进入树体并且运输。 相似文献
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Ming-Yuan Wang Li-Ming Hu Tao Dong Qiang-Sheng Wu 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):776-780
SummaryThe effect of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus versiforme on chlorosis due to iron deficiency in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf) was studied under calcium bicarbonate stress in sand culture. Seeds were sown in a mixed substrate [1:1 (v/v), perlite:sand] with or without mycorrhizal inoculum. The test was carried out with four treatments: Hoagland and Arnon nutrient solution with normal, no added iron, or 50% normal iron at two levels of calcium bicarbonate. The results showed that the proportion of the total root length infected by the AM fungus was ≥ 83%, and was depressed under Fe deficiency. No root colonisation was found with no added AM fungus (NM plants).Colonisation by AM fungus resulted in higher dry weights of both shoots and roots compared to NM treatments, suggesting that the AM fungus accelerated plant growth. The activities of peroxidase and catalase in NM plants were lower than in AM fungus-inoculated plants. The results indicate that AM fungus alleviated calcium bicarbonate stress on the cell membranes of host plants. The results also showed that AM fungus increased chlorophyll concentrations, iron contents, and the Fe:P ratios of whole plants, and decreased 50(10P+K):Fe ratios, which implied that the uptake and translocation of iron was strengthened. Therefore, AM fungus had a positive effect on ameliorating chlorosis due to iron deficiency in P. trifoliata L. Raf. 相似文献
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为了对苹果砧木‘中砧1号’耐低铁能力进行评价,本研究以金冠/山荆子为对照,设正常供铁（40 μmol ? L-1）和低铁胁迫（0、4、10、20和30 μmol ? L-1）,着重研究2年生金冠/中砧1号的形态以及生理生化指标的变化。研究表明,金冠/中砧1号在30 μmol ? L-1 Fe时,叶片未出现黄化,且新梢增长量、叶面积以及幼叶叶绿素含量、活性铁含量、光合速率与正常铁处理植株无显著差异;0 ~ 20 μmol ? L-1 Fe水平下,虽然出现黄化现象,但是其各项指标受影响程度均低于金冠/山荆子。金冠/山荆子在30 μmol ? L-1 Fe下15 d严重黄化;0 ~ 20 μmol ? L-1 Fe水平下在秋梢生长期出现了严重的小叶焦梢现象。表明在金冠长期低铁环境下,用中砧1号作砧木能耐30 μmol ? L-1低铁胁迫且生长发育基本正常。 相似文献
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果树叶片中不同形态铁含量与失绿黄化病关系研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对果树叶片中全量铁、HCl提取铁和Fe~(2+)含量分析结果表明:果树黄叶中含有与正常绿叶一样多甚至高于绿叶的全量铁,但用HCl提取的铁和Fe~(2+)的数量则明显比绿叶少。在绿叶中全量铁和HCl提取铁的比率保持着一定的稳定平衡,在桃叶中全量铁/酸提取铁比率大约是2.1。失绿黄叶由于活性铁减少而使比率增大,从而使植株中铁营养代谢失调。因此,全量铁/酸提取铁比率能较好地反映植株铁营养状况。在失绿黄叶中K和P比绿叶高,而Ca含量低,K和Fe成显著负相关。当桃树施用钾肥时,叶子中K~+浓度增加而Fe减少,使K/Ca和K/Fe比显著增大。 相似文献
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缺铁和过量重碳酸盐胁迫下丛枝菌根真菌对枳生长的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用盆栽沙培试验,研究了缺铁及重碳酸盐胁迫下丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhiza, AM)真菌地表球囊霉（Glomus versiforme）对枳[Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.]实生苗生长及植株铁营养的影响。结果表明,在pH 7.0和pH 8.0的重碳酸盐胁迫下,与未接种处理相比,接种AM真菌显著增加了枳实生苗的株高、茎粗、地上部和地下部干样质量,并且明显促进了叶片叶绿素和活性铁的积累,显著提高了叶片Fe/P的比值,降低了叶片50(10P+K)/Fe的比值,减轻了枳因缺铁引起的黄化现象。 相似文献
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In order to study the influence of variable iron on biomass, economic yield and role of iron in potato (Solanum tuberosum) cv. Chandramukhi metabolism, plants were grown in refined sand at variable iron ranging from 0.001 to 2.0 mM. Exposure of potato plants to Fe stress (i.e. a Fe concentration different from 0.1 mM) shows retarded growth, decreased chlorophyll concentration and Hill reaction activity, induced changes in enzyme activities and concentration of Fe and Mn. The visible symptoms of iron deficiency appeared on day 15 at 0.001 mM Fe as chlorosis of young leaves. The excess of iron (at >0.1 mM Fe) appeared later, after 25 days and the chlorosis was observed on older leaves. Both deficiency (0.001 mM) and excess (>0.1 mM) of iron reduced the tuber yield, deteriorating its quality by lowering the concentration of sugars, starch and protein nitrogen and increasing the accumulation of non-protein nitrogen and phenols in tubers. 相似文献
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环剥对小金海棠缺铁适应性反应的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用环剥技术研究了液体培养下小金海棠根系缺铁适应性反应的变化情况,结果显示,缺铁条件下小金海棠表现出根际pH值降低及根系Fe3+还原酶活性升高等缺铁适应性反应,而环剥后小金海棠根系的缺铁适应性反应受到抑制,根际pH值与对照相比无显著差异,根系Fe3+还原酶活性也无显著升高。半根供铁植株环剥的试验结果显示,只对缺铁一侧进行环剥则缺铁侧根系无显著的根际酸化和还原酶活性增加等生理变化,但正常供铁一侧根际pH值从第2天开始降低,第6天达到最低。根系Fe3+还原酶活性在处理后第2天有所增加,第6天达到最高值。如对正常供铁一侧根系环剥,则正常供铁一侧根系无显著生理变化,缺铁一侧出现根际pH值降低及根系Fe3+还原酶活性升高等现象。 相似文献
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Nahida Jelali Imen Ben Salah Wissal M'sehli Silvia Donnini Graziano Zocchi Mohamed Gharsalli 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011
The aim of this work was to explore leaf characteristics underlining the difference in the sensitivity of pea cultivars (cv. Kelvedon, Douce and Lincoln) to Fe deficiency. Plants were grown in a greenhouse under controlled conditions in continuously aerated solution. Three treatments were used: 30 μM Fe (+Fe), 0 μM Fe (−Fe); direct deficiency and 30 μM Fe + 10 mM NaHCO3 (+Fe+Bic); indirect deficiency for 12 days. Growth parameters, iron status, potassium content, chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic capacity were studied. Our results showed that Fe deficiency led to a significant decrease of chlorophyll index (SPAD readings) and bivalent iron content in all Pisum sativum cultivars. The lower reduction was observed in Fe-deficient plants of Kelvedon and Douce. In addition, shoot length and whole plant dry weight were not affected by Fe deficiency in the latter cultivars. Both tolerant cultivars showed higher accumulation of potassium content in their leaves compared with the sensitive one. Moreover, both chlorophyll fluorescence ratios (Fv/Fm and Fv/F0) were significantly decreased in all cultivars under both Fe deficiency treatments. The photosynthetic electron transport activity was reduced in the sensitive cultivar, especially in the absence of iron. The adverse effect of bicarbonate-induced Fe deficiency on the above mentioned parameters were more pronounced than that of the direct one. The capacity of both tolerant cultivars to preserve adequate chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthetic capacity and plant growth under iron-limiting conditions is related to the suitable nutrition of their leaves in ferrous iron, due to (at least partially) their higher potassium content. 相似文献