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玉米籽粒灌浆及脱水速率品种差异与相关分析 总被引：11，自引：7，他引：4
黑龙江省地处中国北方早熟春玉米区,无霜期短、热量资源不足是限制黑龙江省玉米产量和品质提高的主要因素,通过对10个玉米品种的灌浆速率、脱水速率、收获时籽粒含水量和产量等项目进行比较及差异分析,选择种植产量高、含水量低的玉米品种是解决这一矛盾的根本途径。结果表明：不同玉米品种不同灌浆期灌浆速率不同,‘四单19’、‘东农250’、‘吉单27’表现为中前期灌浆速率快,后期相对较慢,‘嫩单10’、‘兴垦3’、‘嫩单11’表现为中前期灌浆速率慢,后期相对较快的特点;不同灌浆时期品种脱水速率不同,‘四单19’、‘东农250’、‘吉单27’、‘嫩单10’在整个灌浆期脱水速率均较其他品种快,收获时籽粒含水量低于其他品种。并对供试杂交种进行综合评价,为选用优质高产玉米品种提供理论依据。 相似文献
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土壤含水量对玉米产量因素的影响研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
在旱作条件下研究了不同玉米品种的穗长、穗粗,行粒数,百粒重等产量因素和亩保苗株数、灌浆期土壤含水量等环境因素对产量的影响。结果表明：穗粗对产量有极显著的正相关和正向的直接效应,百粒重和穗长对产量呈微弱的正相关,行粒数对产量有微弱的负相关。土壤含水量与产量有较高的负相关和负向的直接效应,株高、功能叶数、亩保苗与产量有较低的正相关。灌浆期比较抗旱品种是丰禾7号、绥玉7号和丰禾332品系;先玉335表现中度抗旱,龙单13、四单19表现出抗旱性较差。 相似文献
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兴单9号玉米是内蒙古大民种业有限公司独家推出的四单19熟期的玉米新品种，2002年1月19日经内蒙古自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定通过。经测定，兴单9号玉米子实淀粉含量75．77％，比四单19淀粉含量高1．19％，比国家规定的特种玉米淀粉含量高0．77％，属优质高淀粉特种玉米。经过2a的推广，兴 相似文献
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1玉米
1.1京玉7号
1.1.1审定编号:国审玉2005001.
1.1.2选育单位:北京市农林科学院玉米研究中心.
1.1.3品种来源:母本京501,来源为群体CO选系;父本为京24,来源为早302×黄野四的二环系. 相似文献
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杂交玉米新品种引种试验初报 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对9个杂交玉米新品种(组合)进行比较试验,结果表明:渝单7号、渝单15、渝单19品种产量极显著高于当地主推品种遵玉3号,且综合性状好,可在道真县大面积推广。 相似文献
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在寿阳旱作区对引自热量资源相近地区的优良玉米杂交种，以高产和高效用水为目标，进行了品种筛选试验。结果表明：东农250、龙单23和四早113在寿阳旱作区具有很好的适应性，3个杂交种平均产量比寿阳旱作区的主栽品种烟单14高17．1％，比四单19高18．6％，比中单2号高43．5％；水分利用效率比烟单14略高（1．5％），比四单19高12．2％，比中单2号高53．6％，表现出高产、高效用水的显著特点。但寿阳早作区目前生产中应用的玉米品种粒重较低，已成为产量进一步提高的主要制约因素。因此，今后玉米品种的选择和栽培措施的运筹，重点应放在牡重的提高上。 相似文献
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玉米生产发展的过程与品种选育和更新有着不可分割的关系,就玉米杂交种而言,一般5～7年更换1次;而甘肃省极早熟玉米育种滞后,跟不上玉米生产发展的需要.自20世纪80年代初育成早熟玉米品种酒单2号以来,一直沿用该品种至今.虽然近年来甘肃省通过育种攻关选出了几个早熟玉米品种,但因生育期长、适应范围小,无法取代酒单2号;而酒单2号的产量较低,生育期偏长,不能满足甘肃省高海拔冷凉地区及东北第三、四积温带玉米生产的需要. 相似文献
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种植密度对玉米籽粒灌浆及脱水特性的影响 总被引：11，自引：4，他引：11
为了研究种植密度对玉米籽粒灌浆、脱水特性及产量的影响,探寻玉米收获时籽粒含水量与籽粒灌浆速率和脱水速率的相关性,建立玉米高产、高品质及合理密植栽培模式。以‘绿单2号’、‘绥玉10号’、‘鑫鑫1号’、‘德美亚3号’、‘吉单27’、‘嫩单11’为试验材料,采取裂区设计,种植密度为主区（种植密度设6.0万株/hm2、7.5万株/hm2、9.0万株/hm2、10.5万株/hm2 4个水平）,玉米品种为副区,测定授粉后不同时期各玉米品种籽粒灌浆速率、脱水速率、籽粒含水量、产量及产量相关性状,研究种植密度对不同玉米品种籽粒灌浆及脱水特性的影响。结果表明,‘德美亚3号’10.5万株/hm2种植密度下,授粉后55天灌浆即停止,其他玉米品种授粉后56~60天、61~65天籽粒灌浆速率差异不明显,并趋于0;授粉后41~65天,‘绿单2号’7.5万株/hm2处理籽粒含水量低于其他密度处理(P＜0.05),65天籽粒含水量最低,为41.34%;‘德美亚3号’7.5万株/hm2种植密度籽粒脱水速率表现单峰曲线趋势,峰值出现在授粉后51~55天,为3.90%/d;6个玉米品种10.5万株/hm2处理产量均低于其各自玉米品种其他密度处理,说明三江平原地区10.5万株/hm2密度不适于该6个玉米品种。综合籽粒灌浆、脱水特性及产量性状,‘鑫鑫1号’、‘绥玉10号’最适密度为6.0万株/hm2,‘绿单2号’、‘德美亚3号’、‘吉单27’最适密度为7.5万株/hm2;‘嫩单11’对密度处理不敏感。 相似文献
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An experiment was conducted at Lexington, K.Y., USA (38° N latitude) utilizing 18 soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) genotypes in three stem termination groups (determinate, indeterminate, and segregating) to compare eight methods of estimating seed filling period in terms of 1) ability to differentiate among genotypes, 2) lack of bias towards any stem termination type, 3) ease of measurement, and 4) consistency across environments. Growth stage estimates R1 to R8, R4 to R7, R5 to R7 and the reproductive period duration (estimate of the time period of the linear increase in harvest index) detected significant differences among the seed tilling periods of the genotypes. Significant stem termination group measurement method interactions were present, but because the indeterminate stem termination group had a shorter seed filling period than the other two groups for most methods, we were unable to evaluate bias towards stem termination type. The growth stage methods required 4x to 10x less time for data collection than the effective tilling period and reproductive period duration methods. Only the R4 to R7 and R5 to R7 growth stage estimates had significant rank correlation coefficients among genotypes across years. From this and previously published evidence we recommend using the R5 to R7 estimate of seed filling period following the separation of genotypes into stem termination classes for the selection of soybean genotypes based on seed filling period duration. 相似文献
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Identification of QTL underlying mass filling rate at different developmental stages of soybean seed 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhenfeng Jiang Junjie Ding Yingpeng Han Weili Teng Zhongchen Zhang Wenbin Li 《Euphytica》2013,189(2):249-260
The mass accumulation in the developing soybean seed has been shown to be a dynamic process with various rates at different filling stages. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying seed filling rate of soybean. 143 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Charleston and Dongnong 594 were used to obtain field data in 2004 and 2005. In present study, one genetic linkage map including 164 SSR markers and 35 RAPD markers was constructed using 143 F5 derived RILs from the cross between Charleston and Dongnong 594 (data not shown). The order of most markers is consistent with Song et al. (Theor Appl Genet 109: 122?C128, 2004). The average number of markers on each linkage group was 9.7 with an average length of 153.36?cM. Twenty-nine unconditional QTL underlying seed filling rate at different developmental stages were mapped onto fourteen linkage groups. The phenotypic variation of seed filling rate explained by these unconditional QTL ranged from 4.29 to 33.3?%. Thirty-nine conditional QTL underlying seed filling rate were mapped onto sixteen linkage groups. The phenotypic variation explained by these conditional QTL ranged from 4.47 to 25.03?%. The locations, numbers, genetic effects and types of QTL for seed filling rate were different at each seed developmental stage. Genotype by environment interaction effects among QTL related to seed filling rate were observed. In addition, several genomic regions that influenced seed filling rate were detected. 相似文献
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田间种植可溶性糖含量不同的3个菜用大豆品种,在R5.5、R6、R6.2、R6.5和R7期取样,分析籽粒种皮、子叶和胚轴中蔗糖含量及4种关键酶活性动态,结果表明,籽粒不同部位蔗糖积累呈先增加后下降的趋势,R6.2期是高峰期,此时期品种台292、中科毛豆1号和品系121的胚轴蔗糖含量比子叶分别高57.6%、53.6%和44.2%;比种皮分别高71.6%、75.3%和73.6%。由于子叶干重占整粒重90%以上,因此整个籽粒的蔗糖含量主要由子叶决定。子叶的蔗糖磷酸合酶(SPS)活性高于胚轴和种皮,在R6.2期表现更加明显,且蔗糖含量高的品系121子叶中SPS活性高于另外2个品种;蔗糖合酶(SS)在籽粒形成期活性变化呈前期高于后期的趋势,最高值出现在灌浆前期R5.5期胚轴中;两种转化酶活性变化差异较大,中性转化酶(NI)活性一直呈不断下降趋势;籽粒不同部位NI活性无明显差异,而酸性转化酶(AI)活性差异较大;胚轴和子叶中AI活性明显低于种皮,且种皮中AI活性与种皮中蔗糖积累显著负相关(r=–0.59)。蔗糖积累与4种关键酶活性的相关分析发现,籽粒中蔗糖的含量并非受某一种酶绝对调控,SPS活性与SS+AI+NI活性总和之差与籽粒中蔗糖的积累显著正相关(r=0.53**)。 相似文献
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花后高温、弱光及其双重胁迫对小麦籽粒内源激素含量与增重进程的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在田间试验条件下研究了花后不同时期高温、弱光和温光双重胁迫对小麦籽粒内源激素含量与增重进程的影响。结果表明,灌浆中期温光双重胁迫处理对小麦粒重的影响最为显著,不同时期3种处理后,单粒重的降低主要是缓增期灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率显著降低所致,而灌浆持续期对其影响较小。灌浆进程中籽粒GA3含量的降低或ABA含量的升高可能是导致平均与最大灌浆速率以及渐增期、快增期和缓增期灌浆速率变化的生理原因。对籽粒各内源激素变化速率之间及其与籽粒平均灌浆速率的相关分析表明,对籽粒灌浆速率的调节作用GA3主要体现在灌浆前期（开花后7~12 d）和后期（开花后19~28 d）;而ABA主要是在灌浆中期（开花后12~19 d）,且籽粒平均灌浆速率与ABA之间的关系要比其与GA3的关系相对密切。整个籽粒灌浆过程,ZR和IAA含量变化与籽粒平均灌浆速率的相关性均不显著。 相似文献
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Identification of QTL underlying the filling rate of protein at different developmental stages of soybean seed 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhenfeng Jiang Yingpeng Han Weili Teng Zhongchen Zhang Desheng Sun Yuhua Li Wenbin Li 《Euphytica》2010,175(2):227-236
Seed protein content at the harvest stage is the sum of protein accumulation during seed filling. The aim of our investigation
was to identify loci underlying the filling rate of seed protein at different developmental stages. To this end, we used 143
recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross of soybean cultivars ‘Charleston’ and ‘Dongnong 594’ and composite
interval mapping with a mixed genetic model. The genotype × environment interactions of the quantitative trait loci (QTL)
were also evaluated. Thirty-nine unconditional QTL underlying the filling rate of seed protein at five developmental stages
were mapped onto 14 linkage groups. The proportion of phenotypic variation explained by these QTL ranged from 4.88 to 26.05%.
Thirty-eight conditional QTL underlying the filling rate of seed protein were mapped onto 16 linkage groups. The proportion
of phenotypic variation explained by these QTL ranged from 1.87 to 31.34%. The numbers and types of QTL and their genetic
effects on the filling rate of seed protein were different at each developmental stage. A G × E interaction effect was observed
for some QTL. 相似文献
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不同灌浆期小麦种子发芽能力与活力的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为探讨不同灌浆时期小麦种子的发芽能力及活力,以4个小麦基因型为试验材料,对不同灌浆时期种子的发芽能力等指标进行了测定。结果表明,随着灌浆期的推进发芽势和发芽率不断增强,4个基因型6个不同灌浆期处理中以5月8日发芽势和发芽率为最低,平均发芽率为85%,此后各期均超过93%以上,说明小麦种子在灌浆初期就已经具备较强的发芽能力。各灌浆期蛋白质含量测定结果表明,4个基因型6个灌浆期处理的千粒种子蛋白质含量在各处理间差异极显著,5月8日测定结果平均值为0.76 g,6月1日为3.1 g,前者为后者的23.5%,说明蛋白质含量达到种子总含量的1/4左右时,种子就具备了较强的发芽能力和较高的活力。 相似文献
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Final seed weight can be analysed as the product of seed growth rate and duration of seed filling, both of which can vary with environment. In indeterminate soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.), seed filling is often considered to be limited by the translocation of N compounds from vegetative organs. Thus, an estimation of the nitrogen amount in vegetative parts could be useful to analyse termination of seed filling. The aim of this work was to estimate the nitrogen available for seeds during the seed filling period and to study the different conditions which lead to termination of seed filling. ‘Maple Arrow’ plants were sown in field experiments for 2 years. During the seed filling period, different treatments were applied to manipulate the source-sink ratio. Values from the literature were used to establish the amount of nitrogen that could not be remobilized, and thus the amount of nitrogen still available for remobilization in vegetative parts was estimated. In all cases, except for a de-podding treatment, seed filling ended when nitrogen available for remobilization was exhausted. However in the de-podding treatment, physiological maturity occurred when nitrogen was still available: seeds had reached their maximal size, a function of cell number in the seed. Consequently two mechanisms could lead to termination of seed growth, depending on source-sink ratio. 相似文献