共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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在河北地区采用在大宗淡水鱼坑塘中设置网箱养殖大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)的模式,4月份网箱放养大口黑鲈鱼种75尾/m2,规格126～158 g/尾;10月份网箱产量41.44 kg/m2,平均规格595 g/尾,成活率92%,饲料系数1.33,利润294.48元/m2,投入与产出比1∶1.32。网箱外坑塘大宗淡水鱼鱼种平均产量11 115 kg/hm2,饲料系数为1.08。该模式当年投放大规格大口黑鲈鱼种,可当年养成,当年销售见效益。 相似文献
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为研究高海拔山区稻田养殖禾花鱼的最优养殖模式,提高郴州高山禾花鱼养殖的标准化水平和规模化程度,试验在不影响禾花鱼品质和稻谷产量的前提下,综合考虑了苗种规格、养殖密度及投饵率3个关键因素,交叉设计了9个养殖模式试验组,通过每667 m2的禾花鱼产量和经济效益对不同模式进行比较评估。研究表明,9个试验模式均能当年养成商品鱼,其中9号试验组(放养规格48 g/尾、密度300尾/667 m2)和4号试验组(放养规格22.5 g/尾、密度400尾/667 m2这两个模式最佳,禾花鱼产量和产值均显著高于其他试验组,平均产量分别为23.7 kg/667 m2、21.7 kg/667 m2,平均纯利润分别为1198元/667 m2、1182元/667 m2。 相似文献
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为减少高温对蚂蟥的应激伤害,延长其有效养殖周期,开展了蚂蟥大棚水槽双茬高效养殖试验。大棚两侧开设侧窗,棚顶安装遮阳网,通过大棚侧窗的开启和遮阳网来控制棚内的水温和光照。6月中旬至10月份养殖头茬苗,放养密度为70尾/m2;头茬苗养成收获后放养二茬苗,养殖密度为0.5 kg/m2,12月初收获。养殖期间水槽水温在15.0～35.0℃。试验结果显示,头茬苗平均产量为1.16 kg/m2,平均成活率为76.90%;二茬苗平均产量为0.85 kg/m2,平均成活率为92.36%;头茬苗和二茬苗的投入产出比分别为1∶4.37和1∶1.68。试验结果表明,采用蚂蟥大棚水槽养殖模式可以较好地控制养殖水温,一年可养殖两茬蚂蟥,养殖效益较高。 相似文献
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为研究配合饲料条件下循环水养殖系统(RAS)中养殖密度对松江鲈生长的影响,选取体长为(2.97±0.12)cm、体质量为(0.26±0.03)g的松江鲈,分别按40尾/m2(A组)、80尾/m2(B组)和120尾/m2(C组)共3个养殖密度,在RAS中进行了为期240 d的养殖试验。试验结果显示：A组鱼的终末体质量、终末体长、体质量日增长量、存活率等均显著高于其他两组,A组鱼的体长日增长量显著高于C组(P<0.05);不同密度组间鱼体肥满度无显著性差异(P>0.05)。试验组单位面积产量由高到低依次为：C组(2.83 kg/m2)、B组(2.51 kg/m2)、A组(1.72 kg/m2)。试验组鱼体质量与体长均呈幂函数相关(m=aLb,a=0.007 6～0.008 9,b=3.123 6～3.209 4),体长、体质量生长均以三次函数拟合较好。各组间的鱼体长、体质量变异系数均差异显著(P<0.05),其中B组最小... 相似文献
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本研究拟通过养殖实验确定厚颌鲂(Megalobrama pellegrini)幼鱼最适养殖密度;同时,利用酶学和分子生物学手段分析养殖密度对厚颌鲂幼鱼肠道抗氧化酶活性及氧化应激相关基因表达的影响。实验设计5个密度处理组,分别为0.15 kg/m3 (50尾/桶)、0.24 kg/m3 (80尾/桶)、0.34 kg/m3 (110尾/桶)、0.42 kg/m3 (140尾/桶)和0.50 kg/m3 (170尾/桶),每组设置3个平行,实验周期为42 d。结果显示,当养殖密度从0.15 kg/m3 逐渐升高到0.50 kg/m3 时,厚颌鲂幼鱼生长(增重率和特定生长率)呈先上升后下降的趋势,且在最大密度时(0.50 kg/m3 )增重率和特定生长率显著低于0.34 kg/m3 密度实验组(P<0.05)。同时,最高养殖密度处理组(0.50 kg/m3 )饲料系数显著高于中低密度实验组(0.15、0.24和0.34 kg/m3 )(P<0.05),说明过高养殖密度不利于厚颌鲂幼鱼的生长和饲料利用。实验表明,提高养殖密度并未影响厚颌鲂幼鱼成活率(P>0.05),各组存活率均较高(>97%)。当养殖密度为0.34 kg/m3 时,厚颌鲂幼鱼全鱼粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量显著高于其他各密度实验组(P<0.05)。厚颌鲂幼鱼肠道抗氧化应激相关指标受到养殖密度的显著影响,其中,0.24和0.34 kg/m3 密度处理组鱼体肠道总抗氧化能力显著高于最低密度组(0.15 kg/m3 )和高密度组(0.42、0.50 kg/m3 )(P<0.05);最高密度实验组(0.50 kg/m3 )肠道超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性最低,而丙二醛(MDA)含量最高(P<0.05);谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量最高值出现在0.34 kg/m3 处理组,显著高于其他各实验组(P<0.05)。最低密度实验组(0.15 kg/m3 )厚颌鲂幼鱼肠道细胞色素P450(CYP1 A)基因相对表达量显著低于较高密度实验组(0.42 kg/m3 )(P<0.05);最高养殖密度组(0.50 kg/m3 )鱼体肠道转录因子NF-E2相关因子2(Nrf2)基因相对表达量最高,而锰超氧化物歧化酶基因(MnSOD)相对表达量最低,与0.34 kg/m3 密度处理组间有显著性差异(P<0.05),说明养殖密度过高时能引起鱼体的氧化应激反应。研究表明,体重为0.45~1.36 g的厚颌鲂幼鱼最适养殖密度为0.34 kg/m3 ,该结果可为提高厚颌鲂苗种培育效率,促进其种质资源恢复提供理论基础。 相似文献
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An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of substituting maize bran with chicken manure on the production of Tilapia rendalli semi‐intensive pond culture. The experiment was carried out at Bunda College of Agriculture's fish farm, University of Malawi, where twelve 20 m2 concrete ponds of 1 m depth were used for 3 months from October 2005 to January 2006. A thin layer of soil was spread at the bottom of all ponds to allow growth of natural food. Each pond was stocked with 3 fish m−2 of 10.71 g average weight. Chicken manure was used as the organic manure applied at 1.6 kg 20 m−2 and substituted for maize bran by 25%. All treatments were replicated three times. It was observed that fish growth was higher in the 3/4 maize bran+1/4 chicken manure with a final weight of 25.1 g, followed by 1/4 maize bran+3/4 chicken manure with a final weight of 21.6 g. The lowest final weight was 19.3 g in the chicken manure only, but did not differ significantly (P<0.05) from the maize bran treatment, which had a final weight of 19.7 g. This suggests that the use of chicken manure would produce better results and may increase yield when combined with supplementary feed like maize bran evidenced by high survival rates of 80% and above in all treatments. 相似文献
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David R Bayne David Dunseth Cecilio García Ramirios 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1976,7(2):133-146
A supplementary feed containing 30% coffee pulp was evaluated for use in the culture of Tilapia aurea in El Salvador, Central America. A comparison of the coffee pulp feed with a feed containing all of the same ingredients except coffee pulp was made with T. aurea raised in 1.0-m3 cages suspended in a fertilized earthen pond. Survival was high in all treatments and there was no significant difference in average weight gain between groups of fish receiving the two experimental feeds. Production trials were conducted in 100-m2 fish pens and in 0.05-ha earthen ponds. Pen-raised fish receiving coffee pulp feed grew faster throughout the experiment, and total production was approximately twice that in control treatments. Highest production in pens was 1.25 kg/m2 per year. Results of production pond trials using T. aurea at 9 000/ha and stocked with the piscivorous Cichlasoma managuense yielded an estimated 3 392 kg/ha per year in fed treatments and 2 049 kg/ha per year in controls. Low feed conversion (1.92) and low feed cost resulted in an increase in net annual earnings of $251.00/ha. 相似文献
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Pierluigi Carbonara Sbastien Alfonso Francesco Gai Laura Gasco Giovanni Palmegiano Maria Teresa Spedicato Walter Zupa Giuseppe Lembo 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(7):3007-3016
Welfare in farmed fish got particular attention during the last decades from both governmental and public sides. In aquaculture context, welfare concerns are mainly related to handling procedures, water quality and stoking densities. In Europe, authorities had to clarify the threshold limits of stocking densities to maintain fish good welfare, including for organics aquaculture through the EC regulation 710/2009. However, effects of stocking density on fish welfare are complex and sometimes contradictory. Moreover, there is a lack of knowledge about the impact of density on fish welfare in organic aquaculture. Thus, the aim of the study is to asses welfare state of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at two initial stocking densities (low density, LD: 12 kg/m3 and high density, HD: 17 kg/m3) fed using organic feed by combining the monitoring of growth performances, behaviour (swimming activity) and physiological indicators (i.e. cortisol, glucose, lactate, hematocrit, red blood cellule count and lysozyme). At the end of experiment, the stocking density reached 21 kg/m3 and 30 kg/m3 for the LD and HD respectively. Overall, growth performances, swimming activity and level of physiological indicators of stress and welfare were similar between HD and LD over the experiment duration. To conclude, we observed no alteration of fish welfare between the two stocking densities monitored. This study suggests that a final stocking density of 30 kg/m3 can be considered for organic aquaculture of rainbow trout respecting welfare. 相似文献
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《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(3-4):73-82
Abstract Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were raised in culture cages (1 m3) to determine the effect of stocking density on growth, survival, and percentage of market-size fish. Large fingerling rainbow trout (20-25 cm, 232 g average weight) were stocked into six cages located in a 0.4-ha pond. Two stocking densities (100 or 200 fish/cage) were used, and fish were grown for 140 days (2000-April 2001). Average total harvest weight (35.0 kg) in the low-density cages was approximately one-half the average total harvest weight (61.2 kg) in the high-density cages. Average weight gain (11.7 kg to 15.1 kg) and feed conversion (1.2 to 1.5) were also smaller for the low-density cages. Average survival was 96.7% for the low-density cages and 94.2% for the high-density cages, with the percentage of market-size fish (< 29 cm) averaging 50.3% and 52.0%, respectively. Production costs for the actual experiment and the revenues from fish sold at the end of the study were collected. An enterprise budget based on the experimental results for the two densities was developed to determine if a culture operation of this size would produce a net return. Production costs and revenues from the experiment resulted in a large negative return (-$3,124) and high breakeven price ($13.53/kg). 相似文献
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To calculate the potential for cage aquaculture to create economic opportunities for small-scale investors on the Volta Lake, Ghana, a local NGO with technical support from the Government of Ghana ran two trials (one of four and one of six units) of small-scale cage aquaculture in the town of Dzemeni. Cages were built locally from available materials at a cost of approximately US$1000 per 48 m3 cage. An indigenous line of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, was stocked either as mixed sex (first trial) or all-males (second trial) at an average rate of 103 fish/m3 and grown on locally available pelleted feeds for approximately six months. Total costs averaged US$2038 per six-month production cycle. Gross yield ranged from 232 to 1176 kg/cage, averaging 460 kg/cage (9.6 kg/m3). Final average weight of mixed sex populations (253.05 ± 47.43g) was significantly less than of all-males (376.7 ± 72.30g). Likewise, percentage of fish over 300 g at harvest was significantly lower in mixed-sex (38.3%) compared to all-male (75.7%) populations. Mortality resulting primarily from poor handling during transport and stocking averaged 70% and was a major determinate of production and profitability. To break even, harvested biomass of fish needed to exceed 15 kg/m3. At 25 kg/m3, small-scale cage aquaculture generated a net income of US$717 per cage per six months (ROI = 30.2%) on revenues of US$3,500. Water quality in the area surrounding the cages was not negatively affected by aquaculture at the scale tested (5 tons of feed per six months). 相似文献
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David A Foley Stuart J Rowland Geoffrey Glenn Wilson Paul Winters Mark Nixon Charlie Mifsud 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(11):1574-1581
Slow growth and losses to bird predation and infectious diseases in winter can compromise the profitability of silver perch farming. To evaluate over‐wintering silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus) in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS), fingerlings (38 g) were stocked in either cages in a pond at ambient temperatures (10–21 °C) or tanks in the RAS at elevated temperatures (19–25 °C) and cultured for 125 days. Mean survival (96%), final weight (146 g), specific growth rate (1.07% day?1) and production rate (28.1 kg m?3) of fish in the RAS were significantly higher than for fish over‐wintered in cages (77%, 73 g, 0.53% day?1, 11.1 kg m?3). Fish from both treatments were then reared in cages for a further 129 days. Final mean weight of fish originally over‐wintered in the RAS was 426 g, while fish over‐wintered in cages were only 273 g. To determine optimal stocking densities, fingerlings (11.8 g) were stocked at 500, 1000 or 1500 fish m?3 in tanks in the RAS and cultured for 124 days. Survival was not affected, but growth was significantly slower and feed conversion ratio higher at 1500 fish m?3 compared with 500 or 1000 fish m?3. Results demonstrate that over‐wintering silver perch in an RAS can produce large fingerlings for grow‐out in early spring. This strategy could eliminate bird predation, reduce losses to diseases and shorten the overall culture period. 相似文献
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Chau T Da Le T Hung Håkan Berg Jan E Lindberg Torbjörn Lundh 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(3):427-438
A technical and socio‐economic survey was conducted in Dong Thap, Can Tho and An Giang, provinces of Vietnam in 2009. The results showed that most of the small scale farmers of striped catfish (Pangasius hypothalamus) carry out fish pond culture, developed and operated by self‐learned experience and from neighbours knowledge. The mean pond depth varied from 3.5 to 4.0 m, ranging from 2 to 6 m. Most of the fish farms have extremely high stocking density, with an average of about 40 fish m?2, in some cases up to 70 fish per m2. The average yields and net income of small‐scales pond farming is about 21–27 kg per m2 crop?1 and US$ 0.184–0.329 kg?1 crop?1 respectively. These figures are not significantly different compared with large‐scale pond farming. About 75%, 86% and 80% of fish farmers in Dong Thap, Can Tho and An Giang province, respectively, received positive net returns. Farm‐made feed is still playing an important role because of higher net profit compared with commercial pellet feeds. Rice bran and trash fish are the main feed ingredients for farm‐made feed formulations. Striped catfish farmers are now actively searching for locally produced plant protein sources as alternatives to marine trash fish or fish meal. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of using low-protein diets on production of Tilapia rendalli in semi-intensive pond cage culture. This was carried out at Bunda College of Agriculture's fish farm, University of Malawi, where two 200-m2 earthen ponds of 1-m depth were used for two months from February 2003 to early April 2003. Each pond had 6 cages of 1 m3 in size stocked with 15 fish, each 4.8 ± 1.2 g average weight and 6.7 ± 0.6 cm average length. Chicken manure was used as the organic manure applied at 500 kg/ha/wk and also acted as a control. All treatments were replicated three times. It was observed that fish growth was higher in the soybean meal-based diet, with final weight of 34.4 g, followed by sunflower cake, with final weight of 23.3 g. The lowest was 14.4 g in the chicken manure only, and cottonseed-based diet had final weight of 19.5 g. These results also agree with the specific growth rate (SGR) that ranged from 2.1%/day in the cages only fertilized with chicken manure to 3.6%/day in the soybean-based dietary treatment. The lowest feed conversion ratio of 1.2 was also observed in the soybean-based dietary treatment. This suggests that the use of lower protein diets that contain soybean would produce better results and may increase yield when combined with fertilization, as evidenced by high fish survival rates of more than 93% in all treatments. 相似文献
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A low‐head recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) for the production of Florida pompano, Trachinotus carolinus, from juvenile to market size was evaluated. The 32.4‐m3 RAS consisted of three dual‐drain, 3‐m diameter culture tanks of 7.8‐m3 volume each, two 0.71‐m3 moving bed bioreactors filled with media (67% fill with K1 Kaldness media) for biofiltration, two degassing towers for CO2 removal and aeration, a drum filter with a 40‐µm screen for solids removal, and a 1‐hp low‐head propeller pump for water circulation. Supplemental oxygenation was provided in each tank by ultrafine ceramic diffusers and system salinity was maintained at 7.0 g/L. Juvenile pompano (0.043 kg mean weight) were stocked into each of the three tanks at an initial density of 1.7 kg/m3 (300 fish/tank). After 306 d of culture, the mean weight of the fish harvested from each tank ranged from 0.589 to 0.655 kg with survival ranging from 57.7 to 81.7%. During the culture period, the average water use per kilogram of fish was 3.26 or 1.82 m3 per fish harvested. Energy consumption per kilogram of fish was 47.2 or 22.4 kwh per fish harvested. The mean volumetric total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) removal rate of the bioreactors was 127.6 ± 58.3 g TAN removed/m3 media‐d with an average of 33.0% removal per pass. Results of this evaluation suggest that system modifications are warranted to enhance production to commercial levels (>60 kg/m3). 相似文献