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1.
以23组同源二倍体和四倍体西瓜为试验材料,在幼苗1叶1心时期用伤根法接种枯萎病菌生理小种1,比较二倍体和四倍体西瓜苗期枯萎病抗性差异。鉴定结果显示,除了‘浙2选’四倍体西瓜发病指数为72,对枯萎病菌生理小种1表现为轻抗外,其余二倍体和四倍体组合均为感病类型。与二倍体西瓜相比,四倍体幼苗发病时间明显滞后,发病症状较轻,四倍体比二倍体抗枯萎病,在‘Yu15’‘黄枚’‘郑州3号’‘返祖1号’‘89选9’‘小红玉’等不同倍性组合间的枯萎病抗性差异尤为明显。这些苗期鉴定结果可以为多倍体西瓜抗病育种提供参考。  相似文献   

2.
为探讨适宜的西瓜未受精胚珠离体培养方法,以‘大果黑美人’、‘早春翠玉’、‘中科6号’等为试材,研究了供体植株的基因型、4℃预处理时间、35℃高温预培养时间及植物生长调节剂对未受精胚珠的反应率和愈伤诱导率的影响。结果表明:不同材料(基因型)的胚珠反应率和愈伤诱导率都有显著性差异,愈伤诱导率最高的是‘中科6号’(92.3%),最低的是野生西瓜‘09005’(57.2%);4℃低温预处理没有显著提高胚珠反应率和愈伤诱导率,对于胚珠反应率和愈伤诱导率的影响因培养基不同而不同;35℃高温预培养可以提高胚珠反应率和愈伤诱导率,预培养3 d可以得到较高的愈伤诱导率和质量较好的愈伤组织;在诱导培养基MS+6-BA 2 mg·L-1+NAA 3 mg·L-1+TDZ0.05 mg·L-1上,愈伤诱导率最高为84.64%;植物生长调节剂TDZ相对于2,4-D和KT对西瓜未受精胚珠愈伤诱导的效果较好。  相似文献   

3.
豇豆枯萎病抗性与水杨酸互作关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
研究了不同浓度的水杨酸(SA)对豇豆枯萎病病菌孢子萌发、菌丝生长,以及对感病品种浸根处理后再接种(挑战接种)的幼苗发病率和对β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、几丁质酶活性变化的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,浓度大于1.0mmol·L-1的SA处理4h后能显著地抑制豇豆枯萎病病菌孢子萌发;在1.0~10.0mmol·L-1范围内,随浓度的升高SA对菌丝生长的抑制作用增大;在不影响豇豆感病品种幼苗正常生长的情况下,以5.0mmol·L-1的SA减轻幼苗发病率最为有效;豇豆感病品种经SA处理后β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶活性升高,挑战接种后的酶活性变化比未经SA处理的上升早且快。  相似文献   

4.
以脆肉型‘京欣3号’西瓜和硬肉型‘甜王’西瓜为样品,评价果肉硬度表型差异,并利用转录组测序技术检测2个品种间差异表达基因。结果发现‘,甜王’西瓜品种果肉硬度是‘京欣3号’西瓜的1.9倍,表型与‘京欣3号’西瓜具有显著性差异。转录组测序结果显示,与‘京欣3号’西瓜相比‘,甜王’西瓜样品有5 342个基因差异表达,其中2 360个基因上调表达,2 982个基因下调表达。差异基因主要注释在碳水化合物代谢、信号转导、脂质代谢等途径,其中与果肉硬度变化的候选基因主要包括果胶酯酶、果胶裂合酶、聚半乳糖醛酸酶、纤维素酶、纤维素合酶、β-半乳糖苷酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、酸性几丁质酶、几丁质酶、木葡聚糖内转葡糖基酶/水解酶和脂氧合酶基因。钙调蛋白、乙烯反应转录因子、乙烯不敏感样蛋白、WRKY转录因子、MYC2转录因子、过氧化氢酶、呼吸爆发氧化酶和脱落酸受体PYR1参与果肉细胞活动信号转导,可能与果肉硬度相关。  相似文献   

5.
【目的】杧果易受冬季低温寒害,造成产量下降甚至绝收,严重影响杧果产业的发展。通过对杧果不同品种耐寒性的研究,为杧果耐寒品种选育及栽培布局提供理论依据。【方法】以‘贵妃’‘凯特’‘红玉’‘金煌’‘热品6号’和‘台农2号’为试材,测定了低温胁迫下其叶片相对电导率(REC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的变化。【结果】低温胁迫下,杧果叶片各指标均高于对照,且品种间存在极显著差异。随着温度下降及时间延长,6个杧果品种REC和MDA含量不断升高,CAT活性先升后降;不同品种SOD和POD活性变化不同,‘凯特’‘红玉’和‘金煌’3者活性先升后降,‘贵妃’和‘台农2号’SOD活性呈2种不同变化,‘热品6号’SOD活性先升后降,‘贵妃’和‘台农2号’POD活性呈降-升-降变化,‘热品6号’呈3种不同变化。【结论】低温胁迫过程中杧果叶片REC、MDA含量升高,SOD、POD和CAT活性先升后降,6个品种的耐寒性由弱到强依次为‘台农2号’(-0.97℃)‘贵妃’(-1.68℃)‘热品6号’(-2.11℃)‘凯特’(-2.32℃)‘金煌’(-4.04℃)‘红玉’(-5.14℃)。  相似文献   

6.
《中国瓜菜》2019,(8):115-119
为筛选出适合在吉林省西部地区种植的籽用西瓜品种,以‘林籽一号’(H17)‘、红秀3号’(R06)‘、科奥红大片’(R12)和‘黑丰一号’(H28)4种籽用西瓜品种为试验材料,采用PEG-6000溶液(0,-0.10,-0.20,-0.40,-0.80 MPa)模拟干旱胁迫的方法,比较4个品种的种子萌发和幼苗生长情况,并利用隶属函数法对耐旱性进行综合评价。结果表明,随着PEG浓度的不断加重,各品种种子的发芽数均出现下降。当渗透势达到-0.80 MPa最大胁迫浓度时,所有品种均不具备单日发芽数5粒以上的水平。根据隶属函数法,4种籽用西瓜种子萌发强弱顺序为‘林籽一号’>‘黑丰一号’>‘科奥红大片’>‘红秀3号’。  相似文献   

7.
为研究低磷胁迫对西瓜幼苗生长的影响,在对照和低磷条件下比较了6个西瓜品种(‘华冠’、‘陕农9号’、‘西农8号’、‘M08’、‘农科大5号’、‘千普先锋’)苗期性状指标。结果表明:低磷胁迫对西瓜植株高度和根系生长的影响不同,低磷诱导根系伸长,供试的6个西瓜品种在低磷条件下的主根长度与对照相比差异均达到显著水平;但对地上部分则表现抑制作用,植株高度显著降低;低磷胁迫下6个西瓜品种叶片SOD活性和POD活性显著升高,脯氨酸含量显著升高,但可溶性蛋白含量显著降低,叶绿素含量显著降低,类胡萝卜素含量显著降低。6个供试西瓜品种中,‘陕农9号’对低磷胁迫最为敏感,而‘农科大5号’的耐低磷性相对较强。  相似文献   

8.
采用田间试验和生物测定方法,研究了人工合成的万寿菊精油杀菌素对西瓜枯萎病菌和西瓜幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:0.5μg/mL万寿菊精油杀菌素24、48、72、144 h的抑制率分别为100%、76.7%、59.9%、56.8%;当浓度大于1.5μg/mL时抑制率达100%;10μg/mL万寿菊精油杀菌素处理西瓜幼苗的致萎指数得到显著降低,差异达显著水平(P<0.05);20μg/mL万寿菊精油杀菌素处理的西瓜枯萎病菌,大分子量的蛋白含量增多,小分子量的蛋白含量减少,但过氧化物酶的条带数没有变化;50μg/mL万寿菊精油杀菌素处理的西瓜苗叶片中3d后MDA含量减少差异显著(P<0.05),4d后过氧化物酶活性逐渐升高差异达显著水平(P<0.05),5d后差异极显著(P<0.01)。含药培养基上生长的西瓜枯萎病菌的果胶酶活性降低,呼吸强度明显提高,细胞膜通透性增大,几丁质酶活性稍高于对照。此杀菌素可用以预防和控制西瓜枯萎病,为西瓜枯萎病的综合防治提供一种新的方法和途径。  相似文献   

9.
西瓜未授粉子房的离体培养   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为了探讨西瓜未授粉子房诱导率的影响因素,以‘早春红玉’、‘西农9号’和‘小绿皇’为供试材料进行西瓜未授粉子房的离体培养,研究供体植株的黑暗热激处理、基因型、不同取样时间、2,4-D浓度和不同激素浓度组合等因素对其芽点诱导率的影响。结果表明:西瓜未授粉子房离体培养以33℃的条件下黑暗热激4 d效果最佳;以开花前1 d的子房诱导率最高为17.2%;3个品种中仅‘早春红玉’获得了再生植株,且在激素组合为4.0 mg·L-12,4-D+2.0 mg·L-16-BA+0.5 mg·L-1NAA时芽点率最高为15.0%;根据再生植株的根尖染色体数目,初步鉴定再生植株中有单倍体植株,还有二倍体和四倍体植株。  相似文献   

10.
以西瓜枯萎病菌为研究对象,采用生长速率法,研究了茼蒿茎叶、根、根际区土壤3个部位浸提液对西瓜枯萎病菌的化感作用,以期为茼蒿中抑菌活性成分的分离纯化提供参考依据。结果表明:3个部位的水浸提液对西瓜枯萎病菌的生长均有一定的抑制作用,在100.00mg·mL~(-1)的浓度下抑制率分别为53%、49%、45%,经邓肯氏差异分析,3个部位间抑菌率差异不显著。随着浸提液浓度的降低,抑制率呈现出降低的趋势。经室内毒力测定,3个部位的EC_(50)分别为86.256、84.648、106.876mg·mL~(-1)。综合比较,茎叶浸提液的抑菌效果较强。  相似文献   

11.
AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.  相似文献   

12.
AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.  相似文献   

14.
The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.  相似文献   

15.
多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  
多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。  相似文献   

16.
AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.  相似文献   

17.
AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [3-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10-6-10-4 mmol/L) stimulated [3-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [3-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10-6-10-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl2 for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.  相似文献   

18.
Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.  相似文献   

19.
AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.  相似文献   

20.
AIM: To investigate the influence of Sini decoction (SND) on the proliferation and apoptosis of rabbit abdominal aorta smooth muscle cells after ballon injury and discuss the effect of vascular smooth muscle cell's (VSMCs) proliferation and apoptosis in post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) restenosis (RS) and the feasibility of SND preventing post-PCI RS. METHODS: The animal model of rabbit abdominal aorta ballon injury was set up and the therapertic group was treated with SND. The shape of proliferative and apoptotic cell were investigated by electron microscope. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed using α-actin,PCNA and Cyclin E monoclonal antibodies. In situ Cell Death Detection Kit was used to identify apoptotic cells. Abdomial aorta angiography was operated in the 84th day subgroup and the stenosis degree was evalued by quantitative angiographic analysis. RESULTS: As compared with the control group, the therapeutic group displayed a lower proliferative percentage and a higher apoptosic percentage (P<0.05). Moreover, the apoptosic peek time was on the 14th day after operation,which was longer than the control group. CONCLUSION: SND effectly inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs and iuduced apoptosis in VSMCs.  相似文献   

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