共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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1羊痒病和朊病毒1730年,欧洲的英格兰发现绵羊的一种怪病,它能引起绵羊(偶见于山羊)发生一种缓慢发展的致死性中枢神经系统疾病.以共济失调、麻痹、衰弱和严重的皮肤骚痒为主要临床症状,病畜死亡率达100%,人们称之为羊痒病.1755年,羊痒病广泛传播,19世纪初从英格兰传入英国,并造成严重流行.目前已遍布于欧洲、亚洲和美洲多数养羊业比较发达的国家.我国至今仍然没有发生羊痒病的报道. 相似文献
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赤羽病是由赤羽病病毒感染牛、羊引起的一种以流产、早产、死胎和胎儿先天性畸形为典型病理特征的虫媒传染病，蚊虫和库蠓是其主要传播媒介。赤羽病传播和流行具有明显地域性、周期性和季节性特征，可对流行地区的畜牧业造成较大经济损失。牛赤羽病被我国列为三类动物疫病，也被列入《中华人民共和国进境动物检疫疫病名录》,属于我国口岸检疫需重点防范的二类传染病。通过对赤羽病病原学、检测诊断技术、传播与流行病学特点、传播媒介、综合防控措施等流行和防控的研究进展进行综述，为探索建立赤羽病新型快速诊断方法，从而实现赤羽病的综合防控建立基础。 相似文献
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羊魏氏梭菌病是以发病急、病程短、死亡快、病死率高为主要特征的一种疫病,其发病和饲养管理条件、营养平衡、应激因素、环境消毒及动物疫病综合防控措施等有很大关系。为切实做好羊梭菌病的防控工作,及时掌握疫病流行规律和疫情动态,增强重大动物疫情预警预报能力,有效防范羊梭菌病的暴发和流行,我县各乡镇畜牧兽医站工作人员及村级防疫员对全县的羊存栏量及羊梭菌病疫苗免疫情况、发病情况进行了流行病学调查,并总结出治疗有效中药配方。 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2021,(10)
布鲁氏杆菌病是由布鲁氏菌属细菌引起的以感染家畜为主的人畜共患传染病。它的主要临床特征是雌性动物流产、雄性动物出现附睾与睾丸炎。诊断此病的方法有病原学诊断和血清学诊断,目前基层兽医检疫中最常选用的方法为虎红平板凝集试验。由于目前尚无有效治疗羊布鲁氏杆菌病的手段,只能通过加强预防来减少和控制羊布鲁氏杆菌病的发生,预防措施要做到完善防疫体系、落实防控责任、加大检验检疫力度、细化防控工作方案和强化防护意识,才能减少和控制羊布鲁氏杆菌病的发生。 相似文献
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近年来，布鲁氏菌病在全国范围内呈现反弹态势，发病率居高不下，其又是引起人布鲁氏茵病的优势菌种，因此做好羊布病防控工作意义十分重大。结合甘肃省布鲁氏菌病流行情况，本文从病原学、流行病学、症状、诊断和防控等方面进行探讨，供参考。 相似文献
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羊传染性脓疱病研究进展 《畜牧与饲料科学》2022,43(3):117-121
羊传染性脓疱病是由羊传染性脓疱病毒（orf virus,ORFV）引起的传染性极强且流行广泛的人畜共患病。健康羊只感染ORFV后,会在唇、鼻和口腔等无毛部位依次形成丘疹、水疱、脓疱及溃疡,最后形成疣状结痂,产生增生性损伤。羔羊由于免疫系统发育不完全尤其易感,发病后会导致采食困难、营养物质摄入不足,进而影响生长发育,严重者会因继发性感染而死亡。结合近年来国内外研究报道,从病原学、流行病学、临床症状、诊断方法、预防和治疗措施等方面对羊传染性脓疱病进行综述,以期为兽医临床中该病的预防、诊断和治疗提供参考。 相似文献
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狂犬病病毒流行病学特征与实验室诊断技术的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
狂犬病是由狂犬病病毒引起的以中枢神经系统感染为特征的一种人兽共患病。狂犬病病毒具有嗜神经性,能在人和多种哺乳动物中引起致死性感染,病死率几乎为100%。除常规的临床诊断外,狂犬病的确诊依赖于实验室诊断方法,方法主要有病原学诊断、血清学诊断和分子生物学诊断方法等。狂犬病作为一种人兽共患烈性传染病,呈全球分布的态势,中国每年因狂犬病病毒感染而导致死亡的人数居全球第2位。因此,加强对该病的病原学、流行病学特征的认识、加快实验室诊断方法的研究对其综合防控工作具有十分重要的意义。作者主要介绍了目前国内外狂犬病流行病学特征和诊断方法的研究进展,并比较了各种方法的优点和缺点,为狂犬病的临床快速诊断和深入研究提供科学依据。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiology and prion protein (PrP) genetics in scrapie-affected sheep flocks in Germany. For this purpose, 224 German scrapie cases in sheep diagnosed between January 2002 and February 2006 were classified as classical or atypical scrapie and the amino acids at codons 136, 141, 154 and 171 were determined. Likewise, representative numbers of flock mates were genotyped. Significant epidemiological differences were observed between classical and atypical scrapie cases in regard to the numbers of scrapie-affected sheep within a flock, the sizes of flocks with only a single scrapie-positive sheep or more than one scrapie-positive sheep and the age distribution of the scrapie-positive sheep. Sheep with the ARQ/ARQ genotype had by far the highest risk for acquiring classical scrapie, but the risk for atypical scrapie was the highest for sheep carrying phenylalanine (F) at position 141 (AF(141)RQ) and/or the AHQ haplotype. However, atypical scrapie also occurred with a notable frequency in sheep with the PrP haplotypes ARR and/or ARQ in combination with Leucine at position 141 (AL(141)RQ). Furthermore, six atypical scrapie-positive sheep carried the PrP genotype ARR/ARR. The high proportion of sheep flocks affected by atypical scrapie underscores the importance of this scrapie type. 相似文献
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山羊痘和绵羊痘研究进展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
山羊痘和绵羊痘统称羊痘,是分别由山羊瘟病毒和绵羊痘病毒感染引起的山羊与绵羊的病毒性传染病,皆为世界动物卫生组织(OIE)法定报告的动物疫病.羊痘主要流行于亚洲和非洲,在我国青海、甘肃、湖南、内蒙等地区也有该病流行.建立敏感特异的检测方法和研制特效预防性疫苗将为该病的防控奠定良好的基础.论文将从羊痘流行病学、诊断技术和疫... 相似文献
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Patrick Caplazi Katherine O'Rourke Cynthia Wolf Daniel Shaw Timothy V Baszler 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2004,16(6):489-496
Sheep scrapie is a prion disease that requires interaction of exogenous prions with host prion protein (PrP) supporting prion formation. Disease is associated with deposition of a host-generated conformational variant of PrP, PrPsc, in a variety of tissues, including brain, resulting in fatal spongiform encephalopathy. Efficiency of PrPsc formation is determined by polymorphisms in the PrP-coding sequence. This article adds to previous data of natural sheep scrapie, concentrating on the effect of host genotype and age on PrPsc accumulation patterns during preclinical and clinical disease. Two entire scrapie-infected, predominantly Suffolk-cross, sheep flocks euthanized for regulatory purposes were genotyped and analyzed for PrPsc deposition in various tissues using single- and dual-label immunohistochemistry. Scrapie, as defined by PrPsc deposition, occurred in 13/80 sheep. Preclinical disease was evident in nearly 70% of infected sheep, ranging in age from 14 months to 7 years. PrPsc accumulated systemically in the nervous tissue, various lymphoid tissues, both alimentary tract related and non-alimentary tract related, and the placenta. Clinical neurological illness was always associated with spongiform encephalopathy and PrPsc deposition in the brain. Only 6 of 9 sheep with preclinical scrapie had PrPsc deposition in the brain but widespread PrPsc deposition in peripheral lymphoid tissue, supporting previous data showing peripheral PrPsc accumulation preceding deposition in the brain. PrPsc colocalized with a marker for follicular dendritic cells throughout the lymphoid system. PrPsc also accumulated in the peripheral nervous system, particularly the nervous supply of the gastrointestinal tract. Abundant PrPsc was evident in trophoblast cells of placentomes but not in the endometrium, myometrium, or associated nervous plexus. PrPsc deposits were not observed in the mammary parenchyma or bone marrow. Scrapie susceptibility was defined genetically by PrP codon 171: PrPsc deposition was restricted to PrP genotype AA136RR154QQ171 in 12/13 cases or AV136RR154QQ171 in 1/13 cases. The earliest accumulation was observed in the single VRQ/ARQ heterozygous animal, consistent with the reported high scrapie susceptibility and brief incubation period observed in breeds with predominance of the V136R154Q171 allele. Disease occurred within, as well as independent of, mother-daughter lines, suggesting both maternal and nonmaternal transmission in the flocks. 相似文献
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Scrapie is a prion disease characterised by the accumulation of the pathological associated form of cellular prion protein (PrP(SC)) in the central nervous system. Susceptibility to scrapie is associated with polymorphism in the ovine prion protein (PrP) gene. The European Union has implemented scrapie control programs, relying on selective breeding for scrapie resistance; the use of ARR-carrier and the exclusion of VRQ-carrier were recommended. In this study, 4323 individuals from Rasa Aragonesa Sheep breed were genotyped for the PrP gene and the individual estimated breeding values (EBV) for prolificity were calculated. Most represented PrP alleles do not work against prolificity. Only a significant association between VRQ/VRQ genotype and a lower EBV was observed (p = 0.027, eta2 = 0.002). Therefore, avoiding reproduction of VRQ/VRQ individuals would not cause negative effect regarding prolificity. 相似文献
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Experimental transmission of scrapie agent to susceptible sheep by intralingual or intracerebral inoculation 
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下载免费PDF全文 Amir N. Hamir Robert A. Kunkle Marie S. Bulgin Robert G. Rohwer Luisa Gregori Juergen A. Richt 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2008,72(1):63-67
Scrapie, a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), is a naturally occurring fatal neurodegenerative disease of sheep and goats. This study documents survival periods, pathological findings, and the presence of abnormal prion protein (PrP(Sc)) in genetically susceptible sheep inoculated with scrapie agent. Suffolk lambs (AA/RR/QQ at codons 136, 154, and 171, respectively) aged 4 mo were injected by the intralingual (IL) or intracerebral (IC) route with an inoculum prepared from a pool of scrapie-affected US sheep brains. The animals were euthanized when advanced clinical signs of scrapie were observed. Spongiform lesions in the brain and PrPsc deposits in the central nervous system (CNS) and lymphoid tissues were detected by immunohistochemical and Western blot (WB) testing in all the sheep with clinical prion disease. The mean survival period was 18.3 mo for the sheep inoculated by the IL route and 17.6 mo for those inoculated by the IC route. Since the IC method is occasionally associated with anesthesia-induced complications, intracranial hematoma, and CNS infections, and the IL method is very efficient, it may be more humane to use the latter. However, before this method can be recommended for inoculation of TSE agents, research needs to show that other TSE agents can also transmit disease via the tongue. 相似文献
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Eric D. Cassmann Rylie D. Frese Justin J. Greenlee 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(4):711
The origin of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids is unclear. One hypothesis suggests that CWD originated from scrapie in sheep. We compared the disease phenotype of sheep-adapted CWD to classical scrapie in sheep. We inoculated sheep intracranially with brain homogenate from first-passage mule deer CWD in sheep (sCWDmd). The attack rate in second-passage sheep was 100% (12 of 12). Sheep had prominent lymphoid accumulations of PrPSc reminiscent of classical scrapie. The pattern and distribution of PrPSc in the brains of sheep with CWDmd was similar to scrapie strain 13-7 but different from scrapie strain x124. The western blot glycoprofiles of sCWDmd were indistinguishable from scrapie strain 13-7; however, independent of sheep genotype, glycoprofiles of sCWDmd were different than x124. When sheep genotypes were evaluated individually, there was considerable overlap in the glycoprofiles that precluded significant discrimination between sheep CWD and scrapie strains. Our data suggest that the phenotype of CWD in sheep is indistinguishable from some strains of scrapie in sheep. Given our results, current detection techniques would be unlikely to distinguish CWD in sheep from scrapie in sheep if cross-species transmission occurred naturally. It is unknown if sheep are naturally vulnerable to CWD; however, the susceptibility of sheep after intracranial inoculation and lymphoid accumulation indicates that the species barrier is not absolute. 相似文献