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提高草地产量和品质是畜牧业发展的关键。人工草地比天然草场产量高5～10倍。根据目前生产水平,在人工草地上除实施施肥、灌水措施外,还可以采取混播牧草、根瘤菌接种、使用增产菌和丸衣种子等措施,现具体介绍如下两种措施。1混播牧草通常用豆科-禾本科牧草混播,混播牧草的干草产量比单播高14%～25%。混播牧草根据利用目的可分为:1.1刈草型混合牧草地主要作为刈草场,其利用年限较长,一般4～7年或更长。选择的牧草应该是发育一致的中等寿命的上繁草,主根型的豆科牧草如:紫花苜蓿、沙打旺、红三叶等。禾本科牧草主要是疏丛型的如:黑麦草、羊草… 相似文献
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南方山地人工草场的草害 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正> 前言改良的禾豆混播人工草场,常常含有不需要的植物种类,这主要是指那些与优良栽培牧草竞争的没有多大利用价值的阔叶野草类及灌丛。有些恶性野草侵占地盘,降低了人工草场的生产能力导致人工草场的退化。在管理良好的人工草场上,混播的禾本科牧草与豆科牧草会长成厚密的草层而抑制野草,相反,如果管理不善,栽培牧草生长瘦弱,就会失去竞争能 相似文献
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不同补播配置模式对宁夏荒漠草原土壤有机碳和全氮储量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以不同人工补播配置模式(禾本科牧草混播、豆科牧草混播、禾本科+豆科牧草混播、禾本科牧草+豆科牧草+小灌木混播及封育未补播)为研究对象,研究补播不同牧草配置模式对宁夏荒漠草原土壤有机碳和全氮储量的影响。结果表明:在0~10cm和10~20cm土层间,禾本科牧草混播模式土壤有机碳和全氮含量最高;在20~40cm土层,封育未补播处理土壤有机碳和全氮含量最高(P<0.05)。在0~40cm土层,土壤有机碳储量表现为:禾本科牧草混播>禾本科+豆科混播>封育未补播>豆科牧草混播>禾本科+豆科+小灌木混播。土壤全氮储量表现为:封育未补播>禾本科+豆科混播>禾本科牧草混播>禾本科+豆科+小灌木混播>豆科牧草混播;短期内0~20cm土层是4种补播配置模式土壤有机碳和全氮的主要蓄积层,20~40cm土层是封育未补播土壤有机碳和全氮的主要蓄积层。因此,应加强长期监测,并在兼顾生态恢复和产业发展的同时,选择适宜的人工恢复措施。 相似文献
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禾本科牧草与豆科牧草混播的四大优点 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1产量高混播牧草具有较单播牧草高而稳定的产量,通常产草量提高14%～25%左右。2品质好豆科牧草含有较高的蛋白质和钙等营养元素,而禾本科牧草含有较多的碳水化合物,两种牧草混播后营养成分提高且均匀,适口性好,提高了牧草的利用率。3能改良土壤,延长草地的利用期两种牧草混播,可增加土壤有机质,形成稳定的团粒结构,提高土壤肥力,使草地生长快,利用期长。4利于干草的调制和青贮豆科牧草含水量较多,茎叶所含水分差异较大调制干草时易落叶,而禾本科牧草则相反,所以混播后调制干草时可减少茎叶的损失。豆科牧草含蛋白质多,水分高,不易单独青贮而… 相似文献
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<正> 引言草地改良及饲料生产的研究,经常涉及到禾本科牧草与豆科牧草混播问题。人们常常希望知道不同的种在草地中所占的比例。因为这个比例经常是牧草产量与质量的重要决定因素。已经用来估计混播草地中豆科牧草与禾草比例的方法很多,有费时的人工分离样品法,也有快速而不甚准确的目测法。 相似文献
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一般来讲,混播牧草在其生长条件下能够互相保护,增加抗逆性,即使是在一般灾年也有比较稳定的产草量。用单一豆科牧草建立的人工草地,在调制干草过程中因叶片容易脱落往往造成损失,而用豆科牧草与禾本科牧草建立的混播草地就可减少叶片脱落而造成的损失浪费。因此,混播牧草不仅产量 相似文献
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几种豆禾牧草混播初期生长互作效应的研究 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6
选用豆科与禾本科牧草各两种互为混播组合，研究其混播状态下种子萌发及幼苗生长的互作效应，结果表明：当以白三叶、紫花苜蓿为作用牧草，并随期播量增加时，受体牧草高羊茅与紫羊茅种子萌发及幼轩生长受到显著影响，受体牧草紫花苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长则对幼苗生长有促进作用。互作效应强度的进一步分析表明，豆科牧草对禾本科牧草的作用一般较强，并在初期生长阶段有较好的表现。这一结果与混播草地豆科牧草所表现的特征相符。因此本研究可从一个侧面为混播草地豆禾组合相容性提供可资借鉴的高效简捷的判定方法。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Based on clinical observation, it is hypothesised that horses with duodenitis-proximal jejunitis (DPJ) that are treated surgically have a shorter duration, smaller volume, and slower rate of nasogastric reflux (NGR) compared to horses treated medically, are more likely to develop diarrhoea than medically managed cases, and have a higher incisional infection rate than a sample population of horses undergoing abdominal exploration for gastrointestinal disease other than DPJ. OBJECTIVES: To compare: 1) duration, volume and rate of NGR and the percentage of horses with diarrhoea between medically and surgically treated DPJ cases; and 2) incisional infection rate in horses with DPJ undergoing abdominal exploration to a sample population of horses undergoing abdominal exploration for gastrointestinal disease other than DPJ. METHODS: Medical records of cases with DPJ diagnosed 1995-2006 were reviewed. Information obtained included subject details, presenting clinical findings, treatment category (medical/surgical), complications (diarrhoea, incisional infection), and outcome (survival/nonsurvival). Data were analysed using a Chi-squared test and a mixed model analysis of variance. Level of significance was P<0.05. RESULTS: Compared to medical cases, surgical cases had significantly decreased survival, a longer duration and larger total volume of NGR, and were more likely to develop diarrhoea. The incisional infection rate for horses with DPJ undergoing abdominal exploration was 16% compared to 7% for the sample population of horses. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of horses with DPJ did not lead to resolution of NGR faster than medical treatment. Surgical cases were more likely to develop diarrhoea and did not have a significantly higher incisional infection rate than the sample population. 相似文献
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Kluger EK Malik R Ilkin WJ Snow D Sullivan DR Govendir M 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,233(8):1270-1277
OBJECTIVE: To compare serum triglyceride concentrations obtained after food had been withheld (i.e., fasting concentrations) in dogs with epilepsy that had been treated long term (> or = 3 months) with phenobarbital or with phenobarbital and potassium bromide with concentrations in healthy control dogs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS: 57 epileptic dogs that had been treated with phenobarbital (n=28) or with phenobarbital and bromide (29) and 57 healthy, untreated control dogs matched on the basis of age, breed, sex, neuter status, and body condition score. PROCEDURES: Blood samples were collected after food had been withheld for at least 12 hours, and serum biochemical and lipid concentrations were determined. Oral fat tolerance tests were performed in 15 control dogs and 9 dogs with epilepsy treated with phenobarbital alone. RESULTS: 19 of the 57 (33%) epileptic dogs had fasting serum triglyceride concentrations greater than the upper reference limit. Nine (16%) dogs had a history of pancreatitis, and 5 of the 9 had high fasting serum triglyceride concentrations at the time of the study. A significant relationship was found between body condition score and fasting serum triglyceride concentration in all dogs, but serum triglyceride concentration was not significantly associated with phenobarbital dosage or serum phenobarbital concentration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that dogs treated long term with phenobarbital or with phenobarbital and bromide may develop hypertriglyceridemia. Fasting serum triglyceride concentration should be periodically monitored in dogs treated with phenobarbital because hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for pancreatitis. 相似文献
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三月底一个风和日丽的日子,我们去镇江采访土著菌养鸡的情况。对于土著菌,我们并不佰生,因为,我们几年前就报道过镇江广电总局基地的土著菌养鸡。只是那时镇江的主要精力放在稻鸭共作的研究和推广上,这几年土著菌养鸡养猪才被越来越多的人重视起来。不但如此,镇江人又用推广稻鸭共作的热情推广起土著菌养鸡养猪来。 相似文献
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The pain-relieving effect of carprofen and tolerance to the drug were investigated in 805 dogs that were lame as a result of osteoarthritis. The dogs were of different breeds, ages and bodyweights and of both sexes, and were selected from 51 veterinary clinics. Each dog was treated orally by its owner with 4 mg/kg carprofen for 84 consecutive days. Twenty-four dogs were removed from the study because of side effects, and 55 left the study for reasons unrelated to the treatment. The condition of the dogs and the benefit of the treatment were evaluated by the veterinary surgeons and the owners after 14 days, and at the end of the period of treatment, when 194 of the dogs (26.7 per cent) were no longer lame, and 357 (49.2 per cent) had improved. The period for which the dogs had been lame before entering the study significantly (P<0.01) affected the results and the rate of improvement. Too much exercise during the 84 days of treatment caused some dogs to relapse. 相似文献
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Platt SR Adams V Garosi LS Abramson CJ Penderis J De Stefani A Matiasek L 《The Veterinary record》2006,159(26):881-884
Eleven dogs diagnosed with refractory idiopathic epilepsy were treated orally with gabapentin for a minimum of three months at an initial dose of 10 mg/kg every eight hours. They were all experiencing episodes of generalised tonic-clonic seizures and had been treated chronically with a combination of phenobarbital and potassium bromide at doses sufficient to reach acceptable therapeutic serum levels without causing significant side effects. In each dog, the number of seizures per week, the average duration of the seizures and the number of days on which seizures occurred were compared for the three months before and after they were treated with gabapentin. A minimum 50 per cent reduction in the number of seizures per week was interpreted as a positive response to gabapentin, and six of the dogs showed a positive response. After the addition of gabapentin, both the number of seizures per week (P= 0.005) and the number of days with any seizures in a one-week period (P=0.03) were significantly reduced. Mild side effects of ataxia and sedation were observed in five of the dogs, but they were not severe enough to warrant the treatment being discontinued during the trial. 相似文献
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Font A Mascort J Altimira J Closa JM Vilafranca M 《The Journal of small animal practice》2004,45(4):199-201
A 14-month-old female crossbreed dog with leishmaniasis, receiving allopurinol, was presented with acute paraplegia. A diagnosis of renal failure with pelvic limb lower motor neuron signs was made and the dog was euthanased. Histopathological examination demonstrated leukocytoclastic vasculitis in multiple organs. Malacia and haemorrhage affecting the spinal cord was associated with multiple foci of vasculitis within the nervous tissue. Rupture and thrombosis of inflamed vessels caused haemorrhage in the spinal cord and subsequent paralysis. 相似文献