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登革热是由登革病毒(dengue virus,DENV/DV)引起的人和动物的一类以发热,关节疼痛,红疹为特征的虫媒性疾病,白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊是其主要的传播媒介.病毒感染后可引起登革热(dengue fever,DF)、登革出血热(dengue haemorrhagic fever,DHF)和登革休克综合征(dengue shock syndrome,DSS).登革热广泛的流行于热带和亚热带地区,近几十年来,随着旅游和经济的发展,登革热患者不断增加.据WHO估计,目前全球2/5的人口受到登革热感染的威胁,每年约有亿计的人感染该病毒.我国广东,云南,台湾等省份亦有病例报道出现[1,9]. 相似文献
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登革热 (Ｄｅｎｇｕｅｆｅｖｅｒ)是由登革病毒 (Ｄｅｎｇｕｅｖｉｒｕｓ)引起的一种蚊媒传染病 ,传播迅速 ,发病率高 ,病死率极低 ,但在登革热流行的某些地区可出现登革出血热的登革休克综合征 ,病死率高 ,常可达１０～１５%。登革热在世界各地的流行已有二百年历史。１８６９年伦敦皇家科学院命名为登革热 (Ｄｅｎｇｕｅｆｅｖｅｒ)并沿用此名至今。由于本病急性期关节剧烈疼痛 ,又称其为“碎骨热”。本病的病原体是存在于患者血液中的病毒。埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊是本病的主要传播媒介。本病在历史上发生过多次大流行。１８世纪和１９世纪在… 相似文献
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本文在室内条件下，系统地观察研究了新疆优势蜱种－－地蜱和草原革蜱各变态期的吸血前后形态变化及共孵化、蜕化等，得到了有关参数，据试验认为各变态期血蜱体重，雌蜱可达吸血前的１５２～１７０倍，幼蜱为１１～１２倍若蜱为４３～８６倍，革蜱在一个生活周期可吸食７９８ｍｇ宿主动物的血液（不包括蜱体内消化，吸收的血量），共繁殖成活率为７７％～１００％。 相似文献
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革胡子鲶又名埃及胡子鲶、埃及塘角鱼。80年代初引人我国开始进行养殖。由于革胡子鲶具有生长快、产量高、食性广、耐低氧、抗病能力强和经济效益显著等特点，其养殖范围迅速扩大。特别是两广地区，革胡子鲶已成为主养品种之一。但在胡子鲶生长旺季经常会发生两种鱼病。本文就病因进行探讨，并提出防治措施。一、革胡子鲶的生活习性及生长特性胡子鲶属底栖性鱼类，食性杂、性贪食，其生产周期短。在南方地区，每年可养2－3季。一般水温在20t以上时摄食旺盛。南方每年的6－10月为革胡子鲶的生长旺季，因此要加强投饲和管理。革胡子鲶食量大，… 相似文献
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森林革蜱与草原革蜱的超微形态学比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
借助光镜和扫描电镜观察了森林革蜱（Dermacentor silvarum)和草原革埤（D.nuttalli)的形态特征，这两种形态近似的革蜱除了个体大小，盾板珐琅质颜色以外，在须肢第2节齿突形状，口下板齿型，雌蜱孔区，气门板形状，中垛的宽窄，第4对足胫节后的齿突及外距的长矩等方面具有明显的差异。 相似文献
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本文报告了三明市区家鼠寄生革螨的种类、组成、季节消长情况。观察一周年，共捕鼠７１１只，带螨鼠１４３只，带螨率为２０．１１％，检集革螨８７１只，鼠革蛲指数为１．２３只／鼠，鉴定为３属４种即毒厉螨、纳氏厉螨、柏氏禽刺螨和鼠颚毛厉螨；毒厉螨为优势种，占８１．８６％，平均螨指数为１．００只／鼠，各宿主动物间带情况存在差异。以褐家鼠最高，达３７．２０％，螨指数为２．７２只／鼠，革螨常年活动，以４－６月、８３ 相似文献
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Kurane I 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2007,30(5-6):329-340
Dengue virus infections are a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in most tropical and subtropical areas of the world; Southeast and South Asia, Central and South America, and the Caribbean. Dengue virus infection can be asymptomatic or causes two forms of illness, dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), which is the severe form of dengue illness and often fatal. Pathogenesis of DHF has been analyzed, and two mechanisms are considered to be responsible. These include dengue serotype cross-reactive immune responses and virulence of the virus. The immunopathological mechanisms include a complex series of immune responses. Rapid increase in the levels of cytokines, especially TNF-, and chemical mediators play a key role in inducing unique clinical manifestations of DHF such as plasma leakage, shock, and hemorrhagic manifestations. It is understood that the process is initiated by infection with a virulent dengue virus, often in the presence of antibodies that enhance dengue virus infection in secondary infection, and then triggered by rapidly elevated cytokines and chemical mediators that were produced by intense immune activation. However, complete understanding of the entire pathological mechanism is far from complete, and further studies are still needed. 相似文献
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M. Limper K. T. D. Thai I. Gerstenbluth A. D. M. E. Osterhaus A. J. Duits E. C. M. van Gorp 《Zoonoses and public health》2016,63(2):129-137
Macro‐ and microclimates may have variable impact on dengue incidence in different settings. We estimated the short‐term impact and delayed effects of climate variables on dengue morbidity in Curaçao. Monthly dengue incidence data from 1999 to 2009 were included to estimate the short‐term influences of climate variables by employing wavelet analysis, generalized additive models (GAM) and distributed lag nonlinear models (DLNM) on rainfall, temperature and relative humidity in relation to dengue incidence. Dengue incidence showed a significant irregular 4‐year multi‐annual cycle associated with climate variables. Based on GAM, temperature showed a U‐shape, while humidity and rainfall exhibited a dome‐shaped association, suggesting that deviation from mean temperature increases and deviation from mean humidity and rainfall decreases dengue incidence, respectively. Rainfall was associated with an immediate increase in dengue incidence of 4.1% (95% CI: 2.2–8.1%) after a 10‐mm increase, with a maximum increase of 6.5% (95% CI: 3.2–10.0%) after 1.5 month lag. A 1°C decrease of mean temperature was associated with a RR of 17.4% (95% CI: 11.2–27.0%); the effect was inversed for a 1°C increase of mean temperature (RR= 0.457, 95% CI: 0.278–0.752). Climate variables are important determinants of dengue incidence and provide insight into its short‐term effects. An increase in mean temperature was associated with lower dengue incidence, whereas lower temperatures were associated with higher dengue incidence. 相似文献
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Similarity between arthritis virus and Fahey-Crawley virus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
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No Evidence of Dengue Virus Infections in Several Species of Bats Captured in Central and Southern Mexico 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Cabrera‐Romo C. Max Ramirez B. Recio‐Tótoro J. Tolentino‐Chi H. Lanz R. M. del Ángel V. Sánchez‐Cordero Á. Rodríguez‐Moreno J. E. Ludert 《Zoonoses and public health》2016,63(8):579-583
Bats are reservoirs for viruses with zoonotic potential in the Americas, and scattered evidence exists suggesting that bats may act as reservoirs for dengue virus (DENV). To explore further the role of bats as part of DENV sylvatic cycles, 240 bats of 18 species were captured in 2 states of Mexico with contrasting ecological characteristics but concurrent DENV activity in humans. RT‐PCR analysis of RNA extracted from liver or spleen tissue from de bats failed to show evidence for the presence of DENV nucleic acids in these organs. In addition, plasma assayed by plaque reduction neutralization test showed no evidence of neutralizing anti‐DENV antibodies. These results suggest that American bats may not be reservoirs or amplification host for DENV infection. 相似文献
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Response of cattle persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus to bovine leukosis virus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Six cattle persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and seronegative, and two control, virus negative seropositive cattle were inoculated with lymphocytes infected with bovine leukosis virus (BLV). The two controls produced a normal immune response to BLV, developing antibodies at four and five weeks after inoculation. Two of the six cattle persistently infected with BVDV developed a strong antibody response by six weeks after inoculation with BLV. Four developed a depressed response to BLV, characterised in three by a 'hooking' reaction in the immunodiffusion test which persisted in successive bleedings but was interspersed occasionally by a weak positive reaction. In one of these animals, a series of 'hooking' reactions was followed by a number of negative results. The fourth animal remained serologically negative until 16 weeks after inoculation when a 'hooking' reaction was observed followed by a series of negative results. BLV was isolated from all the cattle persistently infected with BVDV at 42 or 58 weeks after inoculation regardless of whether the serum samples gave negative, 'hooking', weak positive or positive reactions in the immunodiffusion test. BLV was consistently isolated from the nasal secretions of a steer which was BVDV negative but seropositive. The possibility of decreased immune responsiveness to BLV in animals persistently infected with BVDV should be considered when formulating regulations governing the testing of animals for freedom from BLV. 相似文献
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A M Willis 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2000,30(5):971-986
Ophthalmic manifestations of FeLV or FIV infection can occur in all ocular tissues and may be manifestations of direct viral effects or secondary to viral-related malignant transformation. Additionally, the manifestations of common feline ophthalmic pathogens may be more severe and poorly responsive to therapy because of the immunosuppressive effects of FeLV or FIV infection. Prompt diagnosis of underlying viral infection in cats with ophthalmic disease is paramount for accurate diagnosis and prognosis and is required for appropriate therapeutic decision making. 相似文献
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Bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus and border disease 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
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Schmallenberg virus (SBV), an arthropod borne pathogen, spread rapidly throughout the majority of Europe since 2011. It can cause a febrile disease, milk drop, diarrhea, and fetal malformation in ruminants. SBV, a member of the Simbu serogroup within the genus Orthobunyavirus, is closely related to Akabane virus (AKAV) and Aino virus (AINOV) among others. In the present study, 4 Holstein-Friesian calves were immunized twice four weeks apart with a multivalent, inactivated vaccine against AKAV and AINOV. Another 4 calves were kept as unvaccinated controls. All animals were clinically, serologically and virologically examined before and after challenge infection with SBV. AKAV- and AINOV-specific neutralizing antibodies were detected one week before challenge infection, while SBV-specific antibodies were detectable only thereafter. SBV genome was detected in all vaccinated animals and 3 out of 4 controls in serum samples taken after challenge infection. In conclusion, the investigated vaccine was not able to prevent an SBV-infection. Thus, vaccines for other related Simbu serogroup viruses can not substitute SBV-specific vaccines as an instrument for disease control. 相似文献
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