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研究于2007年春、冬两季在辽宁农业职业技术学院的校内及校外实习种猪场选择具有代表性的两种类型育肥猪舍,对其主要内环境指标进行测定比较,为本场以及辽宁地区猪舍设计提供依据.测定结果表明:春季封闭猪舍内平均温度为17.52 ℃,日光温室猪舍内平均温度为15.13 ℃;冬季封闭猪舍内平均温度为15.40 ℃,日光温室猪舍内平均温度为12.00 ℃.春季封闭猪舍内相对湿度为58.16%,日光温室猪舍内相对湿度为53.05%;冬季封闭猪舍内相对湿度为71.77%,日光温室猪舍内相对湿度为65.22%.封闭猪舍和日光温室猪舍的氨气浓度都在环境标准的允许范围内,但日光温室猪舍内氨气浓度高于封闭猪舍. 相似文献
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猪舍温度在生猪的生长过程中影响重大,夏天猪舍温度高会严重影响生猪的生长,同时会诱发生猪疫病的发生。目前大中型规模猪场都使用了湿帘降温系统,很好地控制了猪舍内的温度,而广大散养户和小型规模猪场都是开放性猪舍,猪舍设施简陋,不具备很好控制猪舍温度的条件,并且很多养殖户也没有想办法去采取措施降低猪舍内的温度, 相似文献
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铁汝泉 《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2018,(6)
本文主要论述了温度、通风和空气等环境因素对种公猪的影响,并提出改善舍外自然环境和猪舍内小环境、合理设计猪舍、夏季环境控制措施、寒冷季节环境的控制、猪舍内的通风以及猪舍内空气质量控制等控制措施,提高养猪业的生产效益。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2017,(9):27-31
本研究旨在通过测定夏季相同时间段内新型节能猪舍与传统猪舍的环境参数,以及对猪生产性能的影响,为改善养殖环境提供参考。结果表明,在12:00时,新型节能猪舍舍内温度显著低于传统猪舍及外部环境温度(P0.05),两个类型猪舍舍内湿度显著高于外部环境湿度(P0.05);在12:00新型节能猪舍CO2浓度显著低于传统猪舍(P0.05);在8:00、12:00和18:00传统猪舍内氨气浓度都显著高于新型节能猪舍(P0.05);在12:00新型节能猪舍内部风速显著高于传统猪舍内部以及外部环境风速(P0.05)。在仔猪生长性能方面,平均日增重、饲料/增重比,节能猪舍比传统猪舍分别提高了6.18%、6.20%(P0.05)。所以,新型节能猪舍在节约能源的基础上能够在一定程度上改善猪舍内的环境。 相似文献
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为了研究微生物发酵床猪舍空气微生物的组成,采用自然沉降法对猪舍空气微生物进行收集,利用16S rRNA序列分析及形态观察确定微生物的分类,揭示猪舍空气微生物的多样性。从猪舍空气中共分离到细菌60余株,经过16S rRNA基因序列的同源性比对,最终确定27个代表菌株进行后续分析。分析结果表明,27株细菌中包含芽孢杆菌属14个种（51.9%）,假单胞菌5个种（18.5%）,葡萄球菌4个种（14.8%）,苍白杆菌属、类芽孢杆菌属、赖氨酸芽孢杆菌属及单胞菌属各1个种;27株细菌中包含5种条件致病菌,6种有机物降解菌。采用SPSS分析将猪舍空气微生物按采集地点明显聚成6类：仅分布于猪舍下风处的菌、仅分布于猪舍上风处的菌、仅分布于猪舍外的菌、猪舍上风和下风处共有菌、猪舍下风处和猪舍外共有菌及3处共有菌。对猪舍空气微生物空间分布的研究显示,猪舍下风处微生物种类较多,有20种,多于猪舍上风处和猪舍外部,其中15种为下风处特有种。由于微生物以气溶胶的形式存在,猪舍内相邻位置具有相似的微生物组成。以上研究结果表明,微生物发酵床猪舍空气微生物种类丰富,且微生物分布与风向相关。 相似文献
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基于CFX的猪舍内温度和气流场模拟研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了探讨猪舍内温度场和气流场的模拟方法,以保育猪舍为模拟对象,以Navier-Stokes方程作为控制方程组,采用标准k-ε湍流模型,运用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,简称CFD)软件CFX对猪舍内的温度场和气流场进行模拟,并对模拟结果进行实际检测验证。结果,模拟得到的舍内气流温度和速度变化规律与实测值相同;各检测点的空气温度误差最大值不超过1.3℃,平均绝对误差为0.24℃,平均相对误差为0.7%;各检测点的气流速度误差最大值不超过0.2 m/s,平均绝对误差为0.04 m/s,平均相对误差为20%。表明使用CFD模拟方法能够真实表达猪舍内气流状态,对猪舍内温度场和气流场的模拟是一种有效的方法。 相似文献
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文章分析了目前在猪场设计中常用的几种通风模式的优缺点，指出了猪舍通风需要解决的问题和方法。并提出了靶向通风系统在猪舍特别是楼房猪舍通风中的应用。提出靶向通风可以很好地解决目前楼房猪舍中存在的空气过滤和除臭两个问题。 相似文献
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Epidemiology and control of Menangle virus in pigs 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Kirkland PD Love RJ Philbey AW Ross AD Davis RJ Hart KG 《Australian veterinary journal》2001,79(3):199-206
OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology and eradication of Menangle virus infection in pigs. DESIGN: Field observations and interventions, structured and unstructured serological surveys, prospective and cross-sectional serological studies and laboratory investigations. PROCEDURE: Serum samples were collected from pigs at a 2600-sow intensive piggery in New South Wales that experienced an outbreak of reproductive disease in 1997. Serum samples were also collected from piggeries that received pigs from or supplied pigs to the affected piggery and from other piggeries in Australia. Serum and tissue samples were collected from pigs at piggeries experiencing reproductive disease in New South Wales. Sera and faeces were collected from grey-headed flying foxes (Pteropus poliocephalus) in the region of the affected piggery. Serum samples were tested for neutralising antibodies against Menangle virus. Virus isolation was attempted from faeces. RESULTS: Following the outbreak of reproductive disease, sera from 96% of adult pigs at the affected piggery, including sows that produced affected litters, contained neutralising antibodies against Menangle virus. Neutralising antibodies were also detected in sera from 88% of finisher pigs at two piggeries receiving weaned pigs from the affected piggery. No evidence of Menangle virus infection was found in other piggeries in Australia. In cross-sectional studies at the affected piggery, colostral antibodies were undetectable in most pigs by 14 to 15 weeks of age. By slaughter age or entry to the breeding herd, 95% of pigs developed high antibody titres (> or = 128) against Menangle virus in the virus neutralisation test. Menangle virus was eradicated from the affected piggery following a program of serological testing and segregation. Neutralising antibodies against Menangle virus were also detected in P poliocephalus from two colonies in the vicinity of the affected piggery. Two piggery workers were infected with Menangle virus. There was no evidence of infection in cattle, sheep, birds, rodents, feral cats and a dog at the affected piggery. CONCLUSIONS: Serological evidence of infection with Menangle virus was detected in pigs at a piggery that had experienced reproductive disease, in pigs at two associated piggeries and in fruit bats in the region of the piggery. Two humans were infected. The mode of transmission between pigs is unknown, but spread by faecal or urinary excretion is postulated. This virus can be eradicated by the segregation of pigs into discrete age groups. 相似文献
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Biofilters and bioscrubbers are ultimate tools to control odour emissions from animal houses in pig and poultry production. Little is known about the efficiency of these devices to remove airborne particulate pollutants such as dust, microorganisms and endotoxins from the exhaust air of animal houses. Preliminary results of a one year field campaign in two piggeries show that the biofilter reduces the number of particles in the exhaust air by 79 to 96%. The efficiency of the bioscrubber was 22% only. The biofilter reduced the amount of mesophilic bacteria by 11% and 71%, respectively, the amount of thermotolerant fungi by 71%. The concentration of endotoxin and mesophilic fungi in the clean air after the bioscrubber was 3.8 times resp. 2.7 times higher than in the air of the piggery. The washing water which is regularly recirculated in both systems was highly contaminated with varying amounts of air contaminants. It seems that the quality of the washing water distinctly influences the reduction efficiency of both systems. 相似文献
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降低规模化养猪场对环境污染的营养措施 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
在现代养殖业中,规模化猪场已经成为一个不可忽视的污染源.笔者就规模化猪场排泄物、废弃物等带来的环境污染问题,以及如何通过营养措施降低规模化养猪场给环境造成的污染进行了综述. 相似文献